لاdo not تَقْصِدنَّseek out (emphatic) لحاجةٍfor a need
لا تَقْصِدنَّ لحاجةٍ
إلاexcept امرأًa man فَرِحاًdelighted بنفسِهْwith himself
إلا امرأً فَرِحاً بنفسِهْ
Do not seek anyone for a need
Do not seek out someone in need,
except a man delighted with himself.
Except for a man happy with himself,
أنَّىhow يُسَرُّis gladdened بمدحهby praise of him
أنَّى يُسَرُّ بمدحه
منone who لاnot يُسرis gladdened بضوءby the light of شمسِهْhis sun
من لا يُسر بضوء شمسِهْ
How can praise of him gladden
For how can one who finds no joy in his own light,
one not gladdened by his own sun's light?
Be gladdened by your praise?
أمor كيفhow يهتزis stirred امرؤٌa man
أم كيف يهتز امرؤٌ
غَرِضٌweary بمهجتهof his soul وعِرسهand his wife
غَرِضٌ بمهجته وعِرسه
Or how can a man be stirred
Or how can a man shake
who is weary of his soul and wife?
Who is steadfast in his pleasure and honor,
نكَّبavoid هُدِيتَmay you be guided منamong الرجاthe men (first part)
نكَّب هُدِيتَ من الرجا
لcompletes 'men' يُوقَّbe spared جدُّكyour fortune جُلَّmost of تعسهits misery
ل يُوقَّ جدُّك جُلَّ تعسه
Avoid—may you be guided—among men,
If you turn away the gift of hope -
so your fortune is spared most of its misery,
His seriousness will not diminish his wretchedness.
مِمراضَهُمْtheir sickly one وذميمَهمand their despicable one
مِمراضَهُمْ وذميمَهم
وقريبَهُمand the one among them near منto وِردِentering رمسهhis grave
وقريبَهُم من وِردِ رمسه
their sickly and their despicable,
Keep away from their diseases and their disgrace,
and the one among them close to entering his grave.
And those close to the blossoms of mercury,
وعلىand upon ذويthose with عاهاتهمtheir afflictions
وعلى ذوي عاهاتهم
يومa day يدمرهمthat destroys them بِنحسهwith its ill luck
يوم يدمرهم بِنحسه
And upon those with their afflictions
And upon those with their own afflictions -
may there come a day that destroys them with its ill luck,
On a day when misfortune destroys them.
ومُشَهّريهمand their notorious ones فيamong الأناthe people (first part)
ومُشَهّريهم في الأنا
مcompletes 'people' بظلمfor wronging آملِهمone who hopes in them وبخسهand for cheating him
م بظلم آملِهم وبخسه
and their notorious ones among the people,
And their informants in gossip -
for wronging their hopeful petitioner and cheating him.
With the injustice of their hopes and their stinginess.
سخِطَmay ... be wrathful الإلهGod علىwith أُولَthose (first part)
سخِطَ الإله على أُولَ
ئكcompletes 'those' إنهمindeed they are منamong شرthe worst of غرسهHis planting
ئك إنهم من شر غرسه
May God be wrathful with those—
God is angry with those people -
they are among the worst of His planting.
Indeed they are from the worst of His creation.
وعداand may ... assail الزمانTime عليهمagainst them
وعدا الزمان عليهم
طُراًall together فألحقهمso may it consign them بأمسهto its yesterday
طُراً فألحقهم بأمسه
And may Time assail them
And time has turned against them -
all together, consigning them to its yesterday.
Sending them back to their past.
فهمُfor they الألىare those who ماnot منهمُamong them
فهمُ الألى ما منهمُ
أحدone person يمسtouches ندىًbounty بخمسهwith his five fingers
أحد يمس ندىً بخمسه
For they are those among whom
They are the lowest, none among them
not one touches bounty with his five fingers.
Can touch a bit of dew with their palms.
لَلْنجمsurely the star أقربُis nearer منهمُthan they
لَلْنجم أقربُ منهمُ
منto كفthe palm of ملتمسٍa petitioner ولمسهand his touch
من كف ملتمسٍ ولمسه
Surely the star is nearer than they
The stars are closer to them
to a petitioner's palm and touch.
Than the palm of a beggar and his touch.
ومتىand whenever كسوتهمُyou clothe them الهجاsatire (first part)
ومتى كسوتهمُ الهجا
ءcompletes 'satire' فإنهthen indeed it بَهجٌis delighted بلُبسِهin its being worn
ء فإنه بَهجٌ بلُبسِه
And whenever you clothe them in satire,
And when they are clothed in disgrace, it is a joy in their garb,
it rejoices in being worn.
They are accustomed to touching disgrace, so they care not for its touch.
قدalready عُوّدواthey have been accustomed مسَّto the touch of الهواhumiliation (first part)
قد عُوّدوا مسَّ الهوا
نcompletes 'humiliation' فمالهمso they have no حَفلٌconcern بمسهfor its touch
ن فمالهم حَفلٌ بمسه
They have been inured to humiliation's touch,
They sell out to any flatterer -
so they pay no heed to its touch.
Who has not strained his beggar with a frown.
يفدونmay they serve as ransom for كلevery سمَيْدعٍnoble lord
يفدون كل سمَيْدعٍ
لمdid not يَشْقsuffer سائلهhis petitioner بعبسهfrom his frown
لم يَشْق سائله بعبسه
Let them be ransom for every noble lord
Like Abu Al-Muhannad, he is
whose petitioner has not suffered from his frown.
Surely the hope and intuition of his suitor.
كأبيlike Abu المهندal-Muhannad إنهindeed he is
كأبي المهند إنه
كيقينِlike the certainty of راجيهone who hopes in him وحدسهand his surmise
كيقينِ راجيه وحدسه
Like Abu al-Muhannad: he is
A king who hastens to gift
as his hopeful petitioner knows and imagines him.
And does not consider delaying his bounty,
ملكٌa king يعجّلhastens بالعطاin giving (first part)
ملكٌ يعجّل بالعطا
ءcompletes 'giving' ولاand not يرىconsiders إعمالَputting into effect حبسهwithholding it
ء ولا يرى إعمالَ حبسه
A king who hastens to give,
And in action he inclines to the noble, not the lowly,
and does not consider holding it back.
He builds on his foundation,
وإلىand toward الأجلِّthe noblest منof الفعاdeeds (first part)
وإلى الأجلِّ من الفعا
لcompletes 'deeds' تراهyou see him يجنحincline لاnot أخَسِّهthe basest of them
ل تراه يجنح لا أخَسِّه
And toward the noblest of deeds
And the stability of a building is in its base.
you see him incline, not toward the basest.
He has thrown his love to honesty -
يبنيhe builds علىupon آساسهhis foundations
يبني على آساسه
وَقِوامُand the stability of بنيانٍa building بِأُسِّهis in its foundation
وَقِوامُ بنيانٍ بِأُسِّه
He builds upon his foundations;
They are the children of his own kind.
and a building's stability rests on its foundation.
And when his nobility is provoked,
ألقىhe cast هواهhis affection علىupon البريْhumankind (first part)
ألقى هواه على البريْ
يةِcompletes 'humankind' إنَهمindeed they are أبناءchildren of جنسهhis kind
يةِ إنَهم أبناء جنسه
He cast his love upon humankind—
The lion encounters the equipment of his horse.
for they are children of his own kind.
He embraces his executioner
ومتىand whenever استُثيرis roused عُرامُهhis fury
ومتى استُثير عُرامُه
لقيhe meets الأسودthe lions جهيزَswift in فَرسهhis prey-killing
لقي الأسود جهيزَ فَرسه
And whenever his fury is roused,
Before the flogger - and his flogger before his subjugator.
he meets the lions, swift in killing his prey.
And his assailant before the struggle -
قبلَbefore الجِلادِswordplay عناقُهُhis embrace
قبلَ الجِلادِ عناقُهُ
وجلادهُand his swordplay منfrom قبلbefore دعسهhis spear-thrusting
وجلادهُ من قبل دعسه
Before swordplay comes his embrace,
That passes the length of his guarding.
and his swordplay before his spear-thrusts,
So you see the lions fleeing
وطعانهُand his spear-thrusting قبلbefore النضاarchery (first part)
وطعانهُ قبل النضا
لcompletes 'archery' يُمرُّhe maintains ذلكthis طولَthroughout حرسهhis lifetime
ل يُمرُّ ذلك طولَ حرسه
and his spear-thrusts before archery;
From him when his bells are rattled,
he maintains this throughout his life.
And when he is free of a stubborn,
فترىso you see الليوثَthe lions هوارباًfleeing
فترى الليوثَ هوارباً
منهfrom him إذاwhen نذِرتْthey become aware بجرسِهof his sound
منه إذا نذِرتْ بجرسِه
So you see the lions fleeing
Huge lover - that is his day of humility,
from him when they become aware of his sound.
And when he abstains early from his praise -
وإذاand when خلاhe is free منof مَغرمٍan expense
وإذا خلا من مَغرمٍ
ضخمٍgreat فذلكthen that يومُis the day of وَكسهhis loss
ضخمٍ فذلك يومُ وَكسه
And when he has no expense
That is his wedding day.
of great size, that is his day of loss.
God has placed over him
وإذاand when اجتلىhe beholds unveiled منamong مَدْحهpraise of him
وإذا اجتلى من مَدْحه
بِكراًa virgin فذلكthen that يومُis the day of عُرسهhis wedding
بِكراً فذلك يومُ عُرسه
And when he beholds, among praises of him,
A protection that guards him like his dominion,
a virgin, that is his wedding day.
And has turned to him from the Caliph
جعلmay ... place الإلهGod عليهover him واa shield (first part)
جعل الإله عليه وا
قيةًcompletes 'a shield' تقيهthat protects him مثلَthe like of باسهhis might
قيةً تقيه مثلَ باسه
May God set over him a shield
A face of enjoyment and charm.
to protect him from might like his own,
For they are his love and concern,
وثنىand may ... turn إليهtoward him عنaway from الخليthe caliph (first part)
وثنى إليه عن الخلي
فةcompletes 'the caliph' وجهَthe face of ممتاحa seeker of bounty وعَنْسِهand his sturdy she-camel
فة وجهَ ممتاح وعَنْسِه
and turn toward him, away from the caliph,
And his imam from before his knowledge.
the faces of a bounty-seeker and his sturdy she-camel.
His effects whispered to me
فهماfor those two هواهare his love وهمُّهand his concern
فهما هواه وهمُّه
وإمامهand his guide منfrom قبلbefore درسهhis study
وإمامه من قبل درسه
For those two are his love and his concern,
Of his skill before his whisper.
and his guide, before he ever studies.
Like the singer, his melodies
همَسَتْwhispered إليَّto me بفضلهof his excellence
همَسَتْ إليَّ بفضله
آثارهُhis deeds منfrom قبلbefore همسهhis whisper
آثارهُ من قبل همسه
His excellence was whispered to me
Spoke of his dexterity from the plucking of his strings.
by his deeds, before his own whisper.
One whose praise is reflected -
مثلlike المغنيthe singer أنبأتْgave tidings
مثل المغني أنبأتْ
عنof حذقهhis skill نغماتُthe notes of جَسِّهhis testing touch
عن حذقه نغماتُ جَسِّه
As with a singer, tidings were given
Then the praise in him is without reflection.
of his skill by the notes of his testing touch.
Let not the owners of heights boast -
منwhoever كانwas يُعكَسis reversed مدحُهُpraise of him
من كان يُعكَس مدحُهُ
فالمدحthen praise فيهof him بغيرwithout عكسهits reversal
فالمدح فيه بغير عكسه
Though others' praise may be reversed,
For boasting is the crown of his head.
praise of him admits no reversal.
لاlet not يفخرنَّboast (emphatic) ذووthose possessing العلاeminence
لا يفخرنَّ ذوو العلا
إنfor المفاخرَglories تاجُthe crown of رأسهhis head
إن المفاخرَ تاجُ رأسه
Let those of lofty standing not boast:
for glories are the crown upon his head.
Partial English translation: 61 of 64 Arabic lines translated.
Sol 6.1