دَعَتْهُcalled him المثانِيthe lute’s second strings وادَّعَتْهُand claimed him المَثَالِثُthe lute’s third strings
دَعَتْهُ المثانِي وادَّعَتْهُ المَثَالِثُ
فهاso here هوhe is للنَّدْمَانِto the boon companion والكأْسِand the cup ثالِثُa third
فها هو للنَّدْمَانِ والكأْسِ ثالِثُ
The lute’s second strings called him, and its third strings claimed him;
so here he is, a third beside boon companion and cup.
وقارَفَand partook of قَبْلَbefore الموتِdeath والبَعْثِand resurrection قَرْقَفاًpotent wine
وقارَفَ قَبْلَ الموتِ والبَعْثِ قَرْقَفاً
يعاجلُهcomes swiftly upon him منهاfrom it مُميتٌa slayer وباعِثُand a reviver
يعاجلُه منها مُميتٌ وباعِثُ
Before death and resurrection, he partook of potent wine;
from it, a slayer and a reviver come swiftly upon him.
وكانَand had الهوىlove أَبْقَىleft عليهto him صُبَابَةًa last remnant
وكانَ الهوى أَبْقَى عليه صُبَابَةً
منof اللُّبِّreason وافاهاcame to it منfrom الكأْسِthe cup وارثُan heir
من اللُّبِّ وافاها من الكأْسِ وارثُ
Love had left him a last remnant
of reason; an heir from the cup came to claim it.
فقالthen he said إِليto أُمِّthe mother الخبائثِof evils إِنهاindeed she
فقال إِلي أُمِّ الخبائثِ إِنها
بهاthrough her أَبداًalways تصفوbecome pure النفوسُthe souls الخَبائثُwicked
بها أَبداً تصفو النفوسُ الخَبائثُ
Then he said, “To the mother of evils! For
through her, wicked souls are forever purified.”
وأَحييand revived بِرُوحِwith the spirit الرّاحِof wine جِسْمَthe body زُجَاجةٍof a bottle
وأَحيي بِرُوحِ الرّاحِ جِسْمَ زُجَاجةٍ
علىat يدِهِhis hand منهاof it قديمٌaged وحادثُand new
على يدِهِ منها قديمٌ وحادثُ
And he revived a bottle’s body with the spirit of wine;
old wine and new alike are at his hand.
وكمand how often قالَhe said للصَّهْبَاءِto the tawny wine إِنِّيَindeed I حالِفٌhave sworn
وكم قالَ للصَّهْبَاءِ إِنِّيَ حالِفٌ
فقالَتْthen she said لهto him الصهباءُthe tawny wine إِنَّكَindeed you حانِثُare an oath-breaker
فقالَتْ له الصهباءُ إِنَّكَ حانِثُ
How often he told the tawny wine, “I have sworn an oath,”
and the tawny wine replied, “You are an oath-breaker.”
وماand not العيشُlife إِلاَّexcept للذيfor the one who هوhe ماكِثٌremains
وما العيشُ إِلاَّ للذي هو ماكِثٌ
علىin غَيِّهِhis waywardness أَوor للذيfor the one who هُوَhe ناكثُbreaks his vow
على غَيِّهِ أَو للذي هُوَ ناكثُ
Life belongs only to him who remains
in his waywardness, or to him who breaks his vow.
فياso O راحِلاًtraveler بَلِّغْtell أَخِلاَّيَmy dear friends باللِّوَىat al-Liwa
فيا راحِلاً بَلِّغْ أَخِلاَّيَ باللِّوَى
وإِنْand even if رَجَعُواthey turn back أَنِّيthat I علىupon العهدِthe pledge لابثُremain
وإِنْ رَجَعُوا أَنِّي على العهدِ لابثُ
O traveler, tell my dear friends at al-Liwa,
even if they turn back, that I still keep the pledge.
هناكَthere ولاand not نَعْمَانَNa‘man قُضْبٌbranches موائسٌswaying
هناكَ ولا نَعْمَانَ قُضْبٌ موائسٌ
وثَمَّand there ولاand not يَبْرِينَYabrin كُثْبٌsand dunes عَثَاعِثُsoft
وثَمَّ ولا يَبْرِينَ كُثْبٌ عَثَاعِثُ
There—not at Na‘man—are swaying branches;
and there—not at Yabrin—are soft sand dunes.
لِمَنْwhose كِلَلٌcanopies مُدَّتْwere spread حَوامِsheltering حوامِلٌcarrying
لِمَنْ كِلَلٌ مُدَّتْ حَوامِ حوامِلٌ
قمادَتْswayed (uncertain reading) بهاwith them الدَّأْمَاءُthe sea أَوْor فَالدَّمائِثُelse the soft plains
قمادَتْ بها الدَّأْمَاءُ أَوْ فَالدَّمائِثُ
Whose are the outspread canopies, sheltering and bearing,
with which the sea swayed—or was it the soft plains?
رَبيعَةُRabi‘a فَتْكٍin daring لمْdid not تَلِدْنِيbeget me مُكَدَّمٌMukaddam
رَبيعَةُ فَتْكٍ لمْ تَلِدْنِي مُكَدَّمٌ
عُتَيْبَةُ‘Utayba حَرْبِin war لمdid not يَلِدْنِيَbeget me حارِثُHarith
عُتَيْبَةُ حَرْبِ لم يَلِدْنِيَ حارِثُ
I am a Rabi‘a in daring, though Mukaddam did not beget me;
an ‘Utayba in war, though Harith did not beget me.
لِيَmine are النَّافِثاتُthose that breathe السِّحْرَmagic فيinto عُقَدthe knots النُّهيof reason
لِيَ النَّافِثاتُ السِّحْرَ في عُقَد النُّهي
فماso not هِيَthey إِلاَّexcept العاقِداتُthe knot-tiers النَّوَافِثُthe spell-blowers
فما هِيَ إِلاَّ العاقِداتُ النَّوَافِثُ
Mine are those that breathe magic into the knots of reason;
they are none but knot-tiers and spell-blowers.
قَوَافِيَّmy rhymes إِنْif جَدَّتْnewly arises بِهِنًّthrough them مَزَلَّةٌa cause of stumbling
قَوَافِيَّ إِنْ جَدَّتْ بِهِنًّ مَزَلَّةٌ
فقدthen indeed جُدِّدِتْhave been renewed أَيضاًalso بِهِنَّthrough them رَثَائثُtattered garments
فقد جُدِّدِتْ أَيضاً بِهِنَّ رَثَائثُ
My rhymes—if a new misstep comes through them,
tattered garments have also been renewed through them.
فمنهاand among them أَحاديثُtales عنabout الفاضِلِal-Fadil اعتَلَتْrose high
فمنها أَحاديثُ عن الفاضِلِ اعتَلَتْ
ومنهاand among them عَلَىagainst مَنْwhoever شَكَّdoubts فيهin him حوادثُcalamities
ومنها عَلَى مَنْ شَكَّ فيه حوادثُ
Among them are tales of al-Fadil that soar aloft,
and among them, calamities for anyone who doubts him.
حسامٌa keen sword يَفُلُّblunts الخَطْبَcalamity والخطبُthough calamity مُعْضِلٌis daunting
حسامٌ يَفُلُّ الخَطْبَ والخطبُ مُعْضِلٌ
وطَوْدٌand a mountain يُقِلُّbears العِبْءَthe burden والعِبْءُthough the burden كارِثُis crushing
وطَوْدٌ يُقِلُّ العِبْءَ والعِبْءُ كارِثُ
He is a keen sword that blunts disaster, though disaster is daunting,
and a mountain that bears the burden, though the burden is crushing.
يُرِمُّfalls silent لهbefore him فيin القولِspeech لاغٍa babbler ولاغِطٌand a clamorer
يُرِمُّ له في القولِ لاغٍ ولاغِطٌ
ويَرْمِيand casts down لَهُbefore him فيin الصَّوْلِbattle فارٍa slasher وفارثُand a gut-ripper
ويَرْمِي لَهُ في الصَّوْلِ فارٍ وفارثُ
In speech, babbler and clamorer fall silent before him;
and in battle, slasher and gut-ripper lay down their arms before him.
مضاءُresolve وإِمضاءٌand execution وتلكand that سَجِيَّةٌis an innate trait
مضاءُ وإِمضاءٌ وتلك سَجِيَّةٌ
فلاso not العِطْفُthe side معطوفٌbent ولاnor الرَّأْيُjudgment رَائثُslow
فلا العِطْفُ معطوفٌ ولا الرَّأْيُ رَائثُ
Resolve and execution—such is his nature:
his side never bends, nor does his judgment lag.
فديناهُmay we ransom him منsuch a سامٍlofty one وحامٍand a protector وقلَّand little is ذاthat
فديناهُ من سامٍ وحامٍ وقلَّ ذا
ولوeven if أَنناwe were سامٍShem وحامٍand Ham ويافِثُand Japheth
ولو أَننا سامٍ وحامٍ ويافِثُ
May we be his ransom—lofty one and protector—yet that is little,
even were we Shem, Ham, and Japheth.
ثَبُوتٌfirm علىupon طُرْقِthe paths المكارِمِof noble deeds وَطْؤُهُhis tread
ثَبُوتٌ على طُرْقِ المكارِمِ وَطْؤُهُ
علىdespite أَنَّthe fact that طُرْقَthe paths المكرُماتِof noble deeds أَوَاعثُare rough and sandy
على أَنَّ طُرْقَ المكرُماتِ أَوَاعثُ
His tread is firm upon the paths of noble deeds,
though the paths of noble deeds are deep, yielding sands.
جَرَىhe ran ساكِنَuntroubled الأَنفاسِin breath والنِّكْسُwhile the weakling قاعدٌsat
جَرَى ساكِنَ الأَنفاسِ والنِّكْسُ قاعدٌ
يَمُدُّstretches إِليهtoward him لَحْظَهُhis gaze وَهْوَwhile he لاهِثُis panting
يَمُدُّ إِليه لَحْظَهُ وَهْوَ لاهِثُ
He ran with untroubled breath, while the weakling sat,
stretching his gaze toward him, panting all the while.
وكَفَّand ceased اختيالُthe swagger الجَهْلِof ignorance والجهلُwhile ignorance رافِلٌtrailed its robes
وكَفَّ اختيالُ الجَهْلِ والجهلُ رافِلٌ
علىalong لاحِبِthe broad road الإِذعانof submission قَسْراًby force ورافِثُand foul-mouthed
على لاحِبِ الإِذعان قَسْراً ورافِثُ
And ignorance’s swagger ceased; ignorance trailed its robes
along submission’s broad road, compelled and foul-mouthed.
منَof القومِa people تَنْمِيهِمْgive them lineage أَصولٌroots ثوابتٌsteadfast
منَ القومِ تَنْمِيهِمْ أَصولٌ ثوابتٌ
عليهاabove them فروعٌbranches باسِقاتٌtowering أَثائِثُthick-leaved
عليها فروعٌ باسِقاتٌ أَثائِثُ
He comes of a people sprung from steadfast roots,
above which are lofty, luxuriant branches.
يجالِدُfights فيهِمْagainst them أَوor يجادِلُdisputes مِنْهُمُwith one of them
يجالِدُ فيهِمْ أَو يجادِلُ مِنْهُمُ
فَتًىa youth باحِثٌseeking عنfor حَتْفِهِhis death أَوor مُبَاحِثُa disputant
فَتًى باحِثٌ عن حَتْفِهِ أَو مُبَاحِثُ
Whoever battles them, or disputes with one of them,
is a youth seeking his own death—or debating his way to it.
علىagainst الدَّهْرِTime جارواthey tyrannized فالخطوبُso calamities عوائِذٌseek refuge
على الدَّهْرِ جاروا فالخطوبُ عوائِذٌ
ومنهand from it أَجارُواthey granted protection والخطوبُwhile calamities عَوَائثُravage
ومنه أَجارُوا والخطوبُ عَوَائثُ
They tyrannized over Time, and calamities sought refuge;
and they gave shelter from it while calamities ravaged.
فماso no لَهُمُfor them إِنْif فاخَرواthey boast العَارُshame عارِضٌbefalling
فما لَهُمُ إِنْ فاخَروا العَارُ عارِضٌ
ولاnor بِهِمُupon them إِنْif طاوَلُواthey vie in eminence العابُa blemish عابِثُmaking sport
ولا بِهِمُ إِنْ طاوَلُوا العابُ عابِثُ
No shame befalls them when they boast,
nor, when they vie in stature, does a blemish make sport of them.
عصائِبُbands لمdid not يَفْرَقْfear لهاunder their protection الخَطْبَcalamity لائِذٌone seeking refuge
عصائِبُ لم يَفْرَقْ لها الخَطْبَ لائِذٌ
مَفَارِقُhair-partings لمdid not يَعْصِبْbind بهاaround them الذَّمَّblame لائثُone who winds
مَفَارِقُ لم يَعْصِبْ بها الذَّمَّ لائثُ
Bands in whose shelter no refugee has feared calamity;
heads around which no one has wound reproach.
إِماءُhandmaids القُدورِof the cauldrons الرَّاسياتِfirmly set لَدَيْهِمُamong them
إِماءُ القُدورِ الرَّاسياتِ لَدَيْهِمُ
بنارِwith the fire القِرىof hospitality فيon كُلِّevery يومday طَوَامِثُmenstruating
بنارِ القِرى في كُلِّ يوم طَوَامِثُ
The handmaids of the cauldrons firmly set among them
menstruate each day in hospitality’s fire.
وَأَنْتَand you وَرِثْتَinherited الأَكرمينَthe noblest عُلاهُمُtheir eminence
وَأَنْتَ وَرِثْتَ الأَكرمينَ عُلاهُمُ
وعالَتْand weighed heavily علىupon قومٍpeople سِواكَother than you المَوَارثُinheritances
وعالَتْ على قومٍ سِواكَ المَوَارثُ
And you inherited the noblest men’s eminence,
while inheritances weighed heavily on people other than you.
وَلِيand I have فيكَconcerning you ماwhat اسْتَنْبَطْتُهُI drew it forth بقَرَائِحِيwith my poetic gifts
وَلِي فيكَ ما اسْتَنْبَطْتُهُ بقَرَائِحِي
ورُبَّand many a نَبَاتٍplant ضُمِّنَتْهُwere made to hold it نبائثُheaps of dug-up earth
ورُبَّ نَبَاتٍ ضُمِّنَتْهُ نبائثُ
And I have, concerning you, what I drew from my poetic gifts;
and many a plant is cradled in dug-up earth.
قوافِيَّmy rhymes لَوْif أَنَّthat البَعِيثَal-Ba‘ith أَتَىcame بهاwith them
قوافِيَّ لَوْ أَنَّ البَعِيثَ أَتَى بها
لَجَرَّwould have dragged جريراًJarir للَبعيثِto al-Ba‘ith البَوَاعِثُthe impelling forces
لَجَرَّ جريراً للَبعيثِ البَوَاعِثُ
My rhymes—had al-Ba‘ith brought them forth,
their compelling force would have dragged Jarir to al-Ba‘ith.
وكمand many a جَمَلcamel أَعْيَيhas baffled المُزَارِعَthe farmer طِبُّهُits handling
وكم جَمَل أَعْيَي المُزَارِعَ طِبُّهُ
يُبَلِّطُstamps the ground بالرِّجْلَيْنِwith both feet ماnot هُوَit حارِثُa plowman
يُبَلِّطُ بالرِّجْلَيْنِ ما هُوَ حارِثُ
And many a camel, whose handling has baffled the farmer,
stamps with both feet, yet is no plowman.
Sol 6.1