تفهَّمهunderstood him قلبيmy heart الشجيّsorrowing فهاماand fell madly in love
تفهَّمه قلبي الشجيّ فهاما
ولمand did not يرهsee him طرفthe eye الغبيّof the fool فلاماso he reproached
ولم يره طرف الغبيّ فلاما
My sorrowing heart understood him and fell madly in love,
My understanding heart comprehended him,
but the fool's eye did not see him, so he reproached me.
While the eye of the fool did not discern him.
وعرفنيand acquainted me بالحبِّwith love فيon خدِّa cheek عارضa line of down
وعرفني بالحبِّ في خدِّ عارض
بداappeared ألِفاًas an alif ثمthen اسْتدارَcurved فلاماthen a lam
بدا ألِفاً ثم اسْتدارَ فلاما
A line of down upon his cheek acquainted me with love;
And he made me recognize love on the cheek of a maiden,
it appeared as an alif, then curved into a lam.
It seemed a thousand then it turned into a lam.
بروحيَwith my soul as ransom رشيقgraceful المقلتينof the two eyes إذاwhen رناhe gazed
بروحيَ رشيق المقلتين إذا رنا
رمىshot فيinto فؤادthe heart المستهامof the love-stricken one سهاماarrows
رمى في فؤاد المستهام سهاما
My soul be ransom for the graceful-eyed one: when he gazes,
With my elegant, large-eyed soul when it sang,
he shoots arrows into the love-stricken heart.
It threw arrows into the heart of the passionate admirer.
جعلتُI made دموعthe tears العينِof the eye جاريةًa flowing handmaid لهfor him
جعلتُ دموع العينِ جاريةً له
وصيرتand I made قلبيmy heart فيin هواهlove for him غلاماa slave-boy
وصيرت قلبي في هواه غلاما
I made my eye's tears his flowing handmaid,
I made the tears of my eyes flow for him,
and made my heart a slave-boy in love's service to him.
And I made my heart a slave to his love.
منamong الغيدِthe graceful beauties حسبيenough for me وردthe roses خدَّيهof his cheeks نزهةrecreation
من الغيدِ حسبي ورد خدَّيه نزهة
وريقتهand his saliva ياO حسرتاهmy sorrow! مداماwine
وريقته يا حسرتاه مداما
Among graceful beauties, his cheeks' roses suffice for my pleasure,
The branch of sweet basil is enough for me from his cheek,
and his saliva—alas for me!—for wine.
Its leaf, oh what a pity, is wine.
يقولُhe says حلالٌlawful خمرthe wine ريقيof my saliva وليتهُand would that he
يقولُ حلالٌ خمر ريقي وليتهُ
سقانيgave me to drink بهِwith it كأساًa cup وكانَand it were حراماforbidden
سقاني بهِ كأساً وكانَ حراما
He says, 'The wine of my saliva is lawful'; would that he
He says my saliva is lawful wine, and I wish
would give me a cup of it, even if it were forbidden.
He would give me a cup of it though it is unlawful.
لئنif indeed تمَّbecame complete عشقيmy love فيin ملاحتهِhis beauty لقدthen surely
لئن تمَّ عشقي في ملاحتهِ لقد
تعشَّقتI fell in love with بدراًa full moon فيamong الملاحthe beautiful تماماin perfection
تعشَّقت بدراً في الملاح تماما
If my love has reached its fullness in his beauty, indeed
If my love for his beauty is fulfilled, indeed
I have fallen in love with a full moon, perfect among the fair.
I fell in love with a full moon among the beautiful.
وعذَّبنيand tormented me ذاكthat المليحbeautiful one بنارِهِwith his fire
وعذَّبني ذاك المليح بنارِهِ
فكانَso became عذابthe torment القلبof the heart فيهِthrough him غراماpassionate love
فكانَ عذاب القلب فيهِ غراما
And that beautiful one tormented me with his fire,
And that gorgeous one tortured me with his fire,
so the heart's torment through him became passionate love.
So the torment of the heart for him was passion.
وواللهand by God لاnever أصغيتI would listen فيهِabout him لعاذلٍto a reproacher
ووالله لا أصغيت فيهِ لعاذلٍ
ولوand even if ذابَmelted away جسميmy body لوعةًwith anguish وسقاماand sickness
ولو ذابَ جسمي لوعةً وسقاما
And by God, I will never heed a reproacher about him,
By God, I do not listen in him to any critic,
even if my body melts away with anguish and sickness.
Even if my body melts from agony and illness.
فأزدادso I grow فيin الحبِّlove انْتساباًin kinship لعامرٍto ʿAmir
فأزداد في الحبِّ انْتساباً لعامرٍ
إلىuntil أنthat أزيدI increase العاذلينthe reproachers ملاماin reproach
إلى أن أزيد العاذلين ملاما
So I grow ever closer in kinship to ʿAmir in love,
So I increase in love, affiliation to Aamer,
until I draw still more blame from the reproachers.
Until I blame the critics more and more.
يقولونthey say أعدتكinfected you with السقامَsickness جفونهhis eyelids
يقولون أعدتك السقامَ جفونه
فقلتُso I said ومنand who أعدىinfected الجفونthe eyelids سقاماwith sickness
فقلتُ ومن أعدى الجفون سقاما
They say, 'His eyelids infected you with sickness.'
They say his eyelids have harmed you,
I said, 'And who infected the eyelids with sickness?'
I said: "Who harmed the eyelids more?"
ومنand who مزجَblended الغصنthe bough الرطيبthe tender بعطفهwith his figure
ومن مزجَ الغصن الرطيب بعطفه
فكانَso became مزاجthe blend المعطفينof the two forms قواماa well-proportioned stature
فكانَ مزاج المعطفين قواما
And who mingled the tender bough with his figure,
And who mixed the fresh branch with his charm,
so that the blend of both forms became his perfect stature?
So the two interminglers became harmonious?
تناوحتlamented together العشَّاقthe lovers إذاwhen ماسَswayed قدّهhis stature
تناوحت العشَّاق إذا ماسَ قدّه
فياso O لكfor you غصناًa bough فيin الهوىlove وحماماand doves
فيا لك غصناً في الهوى وحماما
The lovers lament together when his stature sways:
The lovers toss when his stature sways,
ah, what a bough and doves in love!
What a branch in love and a pigeon you are!
إذاwhen خاطبتيaddressed me فيabout هواهُlove for him عواذليmy reproachers
إذا خاطبتي في هواهُ عواذلي
مضيتُI went on علىin حاليmy state وقلتand I said سلاماpeace
مضيتُ على حالي وقلت سلاما
When my reproachers address me about my love for him,
When my critics blame me for his love,
I go on as I am and say, 'Peace.'
I go on my way and say "goodbye".
كماjust as خاطبَaddressed العذَّالthe reproachers جودthe generosity محمدٍof Muhammad
كما خاطبَ العذَّال جود محمدٍ
فأعرضso it turned away عنهمfrom them واسْتهلَّand poured forth rain غماماrainclouds
فأعرض عنهم واسْتهلَّ غماما
Just as reproachers addressed Muhammad's generosity,
Just as the critic blamed the generosity of Mohammed,
and it turned away from them and poured forth like rainclouds.
But he turned away from them and disappeared into the clouds.
رئيسٌa chief علىin التحقيقtruth قالتsaid صفاتهhis qualities
رئيسٌ على التحقيق قالت صفاته
لنقَّادهto his critics ذاthis man ماnot يخالطmingles with ذاماblame
لنقَّاده ذا ما يخالط ذاما
A chief in truth: his qualities told
A chief of investigation, his attributes told
his critics, 'No fault mingles with this man.'
His critics: "One who mixes with the vile".
سموناwe rose لمدحِto praise المفضَّلينthe benefactors وإنماbut in truth
سمونا لمدحِ المفضَّلين وإنما
لأمثالهِto the likes of him فيin الفضلِexcellence لنnever will يُتسامىone rise to rival
لأمثالهِ في الفضلِ لن يُتسامى
We rose to praise the benefactors, yet
We were named for praising the virtuous, but in fact
none can rise to his like in excellence.
For the likes of him, none can vie in merit.
وآلتand came at last معانيناour meanings إلىto مسكِthe musk ذكرهof his praise
وآلت معانينا إلى مسكِ ذكره
فكانتso they became لذكرِfor the praise الأكرمينof the noblest ختاماa seal
فكانت لذكرِ الأكرمين ختاما
And our meanings came at last to the musk of his praise,
Our meanings came to the musk of mentioning him,
and became the seal upon the praise of the noblest.
So they concluded with mention of the noblest ones.
أخوa man of العلمlearning والتقىand piety تقدَّمexcelled فيهماin both of them
أخو العلم والتقى تقدَّم فيهما
فكانَso he became امرأًa man للمتَّقينfor the God-fearing إماماan imam
فكانَ امرأً للمتَّقين إماما
A man of learning and piety, he excelled in both,
The brother of knowledge and piety preceded in them,
and became an imam for the God-fearing.
So he became the imam for the reverent.
يقضونthey spend للملكِto the king النهارthe daytime فإنand when دجىit grows dark
يقضون للملكِ النهار فإن دجى
مساthe evening الليلof night باتواthey spend the night سجَّداًprostrating وقياماand standing in prayer
مسا الليل باتوا سجَّداً وقياما
They devote the day to the king; when darkness gathers
They spend the day fulfilling the kingdom, and when
at nightfall, they pass the night prostrating and standing in prayer.
The night falls dark, they spend it bowing and standing in prayer.
وأضحىand he became لسرِّfor the secret الملكof the king صدراًa breast قدalready انْتقىhad chosen
وأضحى لسرِّ الملك صدراً قد انْتقى
لهfor it مستقرًّاa resting place فيamong الورَىmankind ومقاماand an abode
له مستقرًّا في الورَى ومقاما
And he became the breast the king's secret had chosen
And the secret of the kingdom has become in the morning
as its resting place and abode among mankind.
A chest selected as a dwelling and station in the world.
سقىmay water الغيثthe rain مثوىthe dwelling الصاحبof the vizier الشرفSharaf الذيwho
سقى الغيث مثوى الصاحب الشرف الذي
عهدناwe knew بهin it عهدa time النوالof bounty ركاماheaped up
عهدنا به عهد النوال ركاما
May rain water the dwelling of the vizier Sharaf, where
The rain watered the abode of the noble companion whom
we knew a time of bounty, piled in heaps.
We knew in time of attainment like mountains.
وغرّand the brightest المعاليof noble achievements أخجلتput to shame كلّevery سالفٍpredecessor
وغرّ المعالي أخجلت كلّ سالفٍ
منamong القومِthe men كانواthey were للأمورfor affairs قواماmainstays
من القومِ كانوا للأمور قواما
And radiant deeds of greatness shamed every predecessor
And the glories amazed, humbling every predecessor
among the men who had been the mainstays of affairs.
Of the people, who used to manage affairs.
تنادِيcall out to نظامNizam الملكal-Mulk أسلاكَthe strings فضلهof his excellence
تنادِي نظام الملك أسلاكَ فضله
إليكَaway with you! فماfor not كلّevery النظامorder نظاماorder
إليكَ فما كلّ النظام نظاما
The strings of his excellence call to Nizam al-Mulk:
The system of the kingdom calls out to the threads of his merit
'Away with you! Not every “order” is true order.'
To you, for not every system is a system.
لنعمexcellent indeed is الفتىthe young man أبقىhe left لروضِfor the garden نباتهof his growth
لنعم الفتى أبقى لروضِ نباته
شميماًa fragrance وأوهىand weakened الدَّهرTime منهof him شماماShamam (a mountain)
شميماً وأوهى الدَّهر منه شماما
Noble indeed the young man! He left the garden of his growth
What an excellent youth who left for his garden’s growth
a fragrance, while Time wore down his Shamam.
A breath, though time has weakened from it the sense of smell.
ونعمand excellent is سبيلthe path المكرماتof noble deeds محمدMuhammad
ونعم سبيل المكرمات محمد
إذاwhen ماever ذكرناwe mention ناسلاًa progenitor وإذاand when ماever
إذا ما ذكرنا ناسلاً وإذا ما
And excellent is Muhammad, the path to noble deeds,
And what an excellent way of favors is Mohammed
when we speak of a progenitor, and whenever
When we mention him as a progenitor and when
بداappeared مثلlike ماthe way يبدوappears الصباحthe morning فخارهhis glory
بدا مثل ما يبدو الصباح فخاره
فزيّلso dispelled منfrom ظلمthe injustice الزمانof Time ظلاماdarkness
فزيّل من ظلم الزمان ظلاما
his glory appears as the morning appears,
He appears as the dawn appears in its pride
it dispels darkness from Time's injustice.
So he banishes the darkness of time.
وعالَand sustained بإذنby the leave اللهof God أبناءthe children آدمof Adam
وعالَ بإذن الله أبناء آدم
وحامand circled بآفاقِin the horizons الفخارof glory وساماand rose high
وحام بآفاقِ الفخار وساما
And by God's leave he sustained the children of Adam,
And by God’s permission he surpassed the children of Adam
and circled the horizons of glory and soared.
And vied in horizons of pride and loftiness.
بليغeloquent الندَىgenerosity والنطقand speech تلقاهyou find him فيهماin both of them
بليغ الندَى والنطق تلقاه فيهما
فريداًpeerless وتلقىand you find المكرماتnoble deeds نواماasleep
فريداً وتلقى المكرمات نواما
Eloquent in generosity and speech, you find him in both
Eloquent in dew and speech, he found him
peerless, while you find noble deeds asleep.
Uniquely, and found favors sleeping.
لهhe has قلمٌa pen إنif ماسَit sways كانَit is لمعتفٍfor a petitioner
له قلمٌ إن ماسَ كانَ لمعتفٍ
حياةًlife وإلاand otherwise للعدوِّfor the enemy حماماdeath
حياةً وإلا للعدوِّ حماما
He has a pen which, when it sways, is for a petitioner
He has a pen, if it touches it gives life to the noble one
life—or else, for the enemy, death.
Otherwise, to the enemy, death.
يمجّit spouts شهاداًhoney تارةًat times لوليِّهfor his friend
يمجّ شهاداً تارةً لوليِّه
ووقتاًand at other times لشانيهfor his hater يمجّit spouts سماماpoisons
ووقتاً لشانيه يمجّ سماما
It spouts honey at times for his friend,
At times it pours praise testifying for his patron,
and at other times spouts poison for his hater.
And at times for his foes, it pours poison.
قرينa companion of الفتاوىlegal rulings والفتوَّةand chivalry لمdid not يذقtaste
قرين الفتاوى والفتوَّة لم يذق
بليلin a night مدادof ink بينamid ذاكَthat مناماsleep
بليل مداد بين ذاكَ مناما
A companion of legal rulings and chivalry, it has tasted no
The friend of jurisprudence and gallantry has not tasted
sleep amid all this, in the night of ink.
At night the ink during that sleep.
تسهَّدstayed sleepless فيin حفظguarding المماليكthe Mamluks جفنهُhis eyelid
تسهَّد في حفظ المماليك جفنهُ
وفيand in كلِّevery جفنٍsheath قدalready أنامhe put to sleep حساماa sharp sword
وفي كلِّ جفنٍ قد أنام حساما
His eyelid stays wakeful guarding the Mamluks,
His eyelids rest in guarding the servants
and in every sheath he has put a sword to sleep.
And in each eyelid lies a sharp sword.
بكفّin the hand كريمof one generous الرَّاحتينin both palms مؤمَّلhoped for
بكفّ كريم الرَّاحتين مؤمَّل
فياso O لكfor you برقاًlightning فيin الندَىgenerosity وغماماand rainclouds
فيا لك برقاً في الندَى وغماما
In the hand of a generous-palmed man, a source of hope:
With the palm of one generous in comfort, promised
ah, what lightning and rainclouds in generosity!
What a lightning in dew and clouds!
وياand O لكَfor you فيin النطقspeech البليغeloquent قدامةQudama
ويا لكَ في النطق البليغ قدامة
وفيand in طيرانِthe flight الذكرِof renown عنهُfrom him قداماa qadām bird
وفي طيرانِ الذكرِ عنهُ قداما
And what a Qudama in eloquent speech,
And what resistance in eloquent speech you have
and what a qadām bird as renown takes flight from him!
And in flight of renown away from him, resistance!
شكوتُI complained لهُto him ظلمof the injustice الزمانof Time وإنَّماand only
شكوتُ لهُ ظلم الزمان وإنَّما
إلىto سيدٍّa master برٍّbenevolent شكوتُI complained of غلاماa slave-boy
إلى سيدٍّ برٍّ شكوتُ غلاما
I complained to him of Time's injustice, yet I had only
I complained to him of the tyranny of time, but in fact
complained of a slave-boy to a benevolent master.
To a kind master I complained as a slave boy.
فردَّso he drove back الزمانTime الجهمَgrim-faced عنِّيَfrom me خاضعاًsubdued
فردَّ الزمان الجهمَ عنِّيَ خاضعاً
فتىa young man ليسَis not غيمthe cloud الظنّof expectation فيهِin him جهاماa rainless cloud
فتى ليسَ غيم الظنّ فيهِ جهاما
He drove grim-faced Time away from me, humbled—
So time repealed its injustice from me submissively,
a youth in whom hope's cloud is never rainless.
A young man in whom the clouds of suspicion do not gather.
وجدَّدand renewed منfrom جدواهhis bounty ماwhat لاnever نسيتهُI forgot it
وجدَّد من جدواه ما لا نسيتهُ
ولمand did not يبقَleave منfrom عندwith الزمانTime مراماanything desired
ولم يبقَ من عند الزمان مراما
And he renewed his bounty with a gift—may I never forget it!—
And he renewed from his generosity what I will not forget,
and left nothing to be desired from Time.
And nothing of time’s purpose remained.
وألبسنيand he clothed me بيضاءa white robe ردّwas reflected ضياؤهاits radiance
وألبسني بيضاء ردّ ضياؤها
لدىbefore حاسدٍan envier حتَّىuntil اسْتحالturned into ضراماa blaze
لدى حاسدٍ حتَّى اسْتحال ضراما
And he clothed me in a white robe whose radiance was reflected
And he clothed me in white, the radiance of which
before an envier, until it became a blaze.
Turned my envier into coal in front of him.
أمدُّI stretch out يديmy hand فيin كلِّevery يومٍday لذيلِهاtoward its hem
أمدُّ يدي في كلِّ يومٍ لذيلِها
فآخذso I gain منfrom جورِthe tyranny الشتاءof winter ذماماprotection
فآخذ من جورِ الشتاء ذماما
Each day I stretch my hand toward its hem,
I extend my hand each day to the end of it
and gain protection from winter's tyranny.
And take from the injustice of winter its bridle.
ومذand since علقتclung منهاof it بنانيmy fingers بعروةٍto a loop
ومذ علقت منها بناني بعروةٍ
شدَدتI tightened لطرفِfor the steed القولof speech فيهabout him حزاماa girth
شدَدت لطرفِ القول فيه حزاما
And since my fingers caught hold of one of its loops,
And since I clung to it with a strong rope,
I have tightened a girth on the steed of speech in his praise.
I tightened the waistband of speech about it.
فلاso may he not زالَcease ممدوحاًbeing praised إذاwhen ماever وصفتهI describe him
فلا زالَ ممدوحاً إذا ما وصفته
زحمتcrowded together المعانيthe meanings المائلاتthe swaying زحاماin a throng
زحمت المعاني المائلات زحاما
May he ever remain praised: whenever I describe him,
So he remained the one praised, whenever I described him,
the swaying meanings jostle together in a throng.
The inclined meanings crowded together.
أولدI beget معdespite فقدِthe loss الصباof youth جوهرthe jewel الثناof praise
أولد مع فقدِ الصبا جوهر الثنا
يتيماًan orphan وأولادand the children الشيوخof old men يتامىorphans
يتيماً وأولاد الشيوخ يتامى
I beget, though youth is gone, the jewel of praise,
He was born, though the youth was lost, the essence of praise
an orphan—and old men's children are orphans.
As an orphan, while the children of elders are orphans.
Sol 6.1