بداhe appeared وقامتهand his stature تختالsways proudly بالتِّيهwith haughtiness
بدا وقامته تختال بالتِّيه
فأيُّthen what شمسsun علىupon رمحٍa spear تحاكيهresembles him
فأيُّ شمس على رمحٍ تحاكيه
He appeared, his figure swaying with pride;
His stance began to sway unsteadily
what sun upon a spear could resemble him?
What sun on a lance can rival him?
وقمتُand I began أذكرهlikening him بالظبيِto a gazelle ملتفتاًturning his head
وقمتُ أذكره بالظبيِ ملتفتاً
فقالَthen said ليto me طرفهُhis glance منwith غيرno تشبيهcomparison
فقالَ لي طرفهُ من غير تشبيه
I began likening him to a gazelle as he turned;
I stood remembering him, turning to the gazelle,
then his glance spoke to me, without a simile.
Its glance said to me without any simile,
أغنّsweetly nasal-voiced يبعدkeeps away مشتاقاًa yearning lover ويرشقهُand shoots him
أغنّ يبعد مشتاقاً ويرشقهُ
باللَّحظِwith his glance فهوso he علىin الحالينboth cases يرميهcasts him off or shoots him
باللَّحظِ فهو على الحالين يرميه
A sweetly nasal-voiced beloved repels a yearning lover and shoots him
Sing absently yearning and it hits him
with his glance; either way, he casts him off or strikes him.
With a glance, so he aims at both states,
ماwhat is wrong للذيwith the one whose فتنتbewitched قلبيmy heart محاسنهُhis charms
ما للذي فتنت قلبي محاسنهُ
أضحىhe has come to يعذِّبtorment روحيmy soul وهيwhile it تفديهransoms him
أضحى يعذِّب روحي وهي تفديه
Why does he whose charms bewitched my heart
What is it with him whom my heart fell for his charms
now torment my soul, though it would ransom him?
Now torturing my soul while it ransoms him
وماand what is wrong لعاذلwith the reproacher of قلبيmy heart فيfor محبَّتهloving him
وما لعاذل قلبي في محبَّته
تعبانweary يدخلhe meddles فيماin what ليسَdoes not يعنيهconcern him
تعبان يدخل فيما ليسَ يعنيه
And why is the one who reproaches my heart for loving him
What is it with my heart’s reproacher in his love
so weary, meddling in what does not concern him?
Exhausted entering into what does not concern him
ألفاظهhis words الريحthe wind لكنbut فيin الحشاthe breast لهبa flame
ألفاظه الريح لكن في الحشا لهب
وربَّماand sometimes كانَwas مرّthe passage of الريحthe wind يُذكيهfans it
وربَّما كانَ مرّ الريح يُذكيه
His words are wind, but in my breast there is a flame,
His words are wind but in affection there is flame
and sometimes the passing wind fans it.
And the bitter wind perhaps ignites it
والقلبand the heart قدhas أشكرgave cause for gratitude اللهGod الحبيبthe beloved بهِwith it
والقلب قد أشكر الله الحبيب بهِ
فماso not الملامreproach علىin حاليmy state بمخليهable to empty it
فما الملام على حالي بمخليه
And my heart: God has favored the beloved with it;
My heart thanked Allah for the beloved thereby
so reproach, in my present state, will not empty it of him.
So why blame my state with its abandoner?
لاnot يختشيfears بيتthe house of قلبيmy heart غزوَthe assault of لائمهits reproacher
لا يختشي بيت قلبي غزوَ لائمه
فإنَّfor indeed للبيتِthe house has ربًّاa lord سوفwill يحميهprotect it
فإنَّ للبيتِ ربًّا سوف يحميه
The house of my heart does not fear its reproacher's assault,
My heart’s home fears no intruding blamer’s invasion
for the house has a lord who will protect it.
For the home has a Lord who will protect it
ياO ثانيone turning العطفthe shoulder منfrom تيهٍpride ومنand from غضبٍanger
يا ثاني العطف من تيهٍ ومن غضبٍ
حتَّىuntil كأنيَas though I قلتsaid الغصنthe branch ثانيهhis counterpart
حتَّى كأنيَ قلت الغصن ثانيه
O you who turn your shoulder away in pride and anger,
O kindest sympathy of wandering and anger
as though I had said, 'The branch is his peer!'
As though I said the branch a second it
خفضlessen قلاكyour aversion وعلَّلنيand soothe me بوعدِwith a promise of لقاa meeting
خفض قلاك وعلَّلني بوعدِ لقا
وخلّand let عمريmy life يقضيpass فيin تقاضيهpressing for its fulfillment
وخلّ عمري يقضي في تقاضيه
Lessen your aversion, and soothe me with a promise of meeting;
Lower your wrap and favor me with a promise of union
and let my life pass in pressing for its fulfillment.
And let my life spend seeking it
وابعثand send خيالاًa phantom ترانيyou will see me منهbecause of it فيin جدلٍdispute
وابعث خيالاً تراني منه في جدلٍ
فالروحso the soul تثبتهaffirms it والجسمand the body ينفيهdenies it
فالروح تثبته والجسم ينفيه
Send a phantom: you will see me disputing over it;
Send an apparition I see myself arguing with
my soul affirms it, while my body denies it.
The soul proves it and body denies it
هيهاتalas طالhas grown long سهاديmy sleeplessness فيin هواكlove for you فلاso no
هيهات طال سهادي في هواك فلا
طيفa dream-phantom أراهI see it ولاnor سقمan illness أواريهI conceal it
طيف أراه ولا سقم أواريه
Alas, long has my sleeplessness lasted in love of you: I have no
Alas—my pillow is long in your love so
dream-phantom to see, nor an illness I can conceal.
No specter I see nor illness I pretend
أحييI keep alive اللياليَthe nights تِسهاداًin sleeplessness فياso alas لفتىًfor a youth
أحيي اللياليَ تِسهاداً فيا لفتىً
يميتهkills him الليلthe night حزناًwith sorrow وهوَwhile he يحييهkeeps it alive
يميته الليل حزناً وهوَ يحييه
I keep the nights alive with sleeplessness—alas for a youth
I pass the nights sleepless so O youth
whom the night kills with sorrow, though he keeps it alive!
The night kills him of sorrow while he gives it life
لوif كانَthere were للَّيلِfor the night سلطانa sovereign كماas زعمواthey claimed
لو كانَ للَّيلِ سلطان كما زعموا
لكانَthen he would ينصفgrant justice to جفنيmy eyelid منin response to تشكِّيهits complaint
لكانَ ينصف جفني من تشكِّيه
If the night had a sovereign, as they claim,
If the night had power as they claimed
he would grant my eyelid justice in response to its complaint.
It would do justice to my eyelids from its torment
سقياًrain-blessings لوصلكupon union with you والأيامand the days عاطفةkind
سقياً لوصلك والأيام عاطفة
تردُّturn back دمعthe tears of المعنَّىthe tormented lover منfrom مآقيهhis inner eye-corners
تردُّ دمع المعنَّى من مآقيه
Rain's blessings upon union with you, when the days were kind,
Quenching longing for you and days of grace
turning the anguished lover's tears back from his eye-corners.
Sends back the tear of meaning from its litigant
وصلa reunion تكنَّفenfolded روحيmy soul بعدafter ماhaving جهدتgrown exhausted
وصل تكنَّف روحي بعد ما جهدت
كملbecame complete تكنَّفenfolded دينthe faith of اللهGod محيِّيهits reviver
كمل تكنَّف دين الله محيِّيه
A reunion enfolded my soul after it had grown exhausted;
Unite—envelop my soul after it tired
it became complete; God's faith was enfolded by its reviver.
Perfect—envelop religion of Allah giving it life
حاميguardian of حمىthe protected domain of الملكthe kingdom بالأقلامwith pens مشرعةleveled like spears
حامي حمى الملك بالأقلام مشرعة
علىtoward المنىhopes والمناياand deaths حولaround واديهhis valley
على المنى والمنايا حول واديه
Guardian of the kingdom's bounds, with pens leveled
Guarding precinct of kingdom with pens unfurled
toward hopes, while deaths surround his valley.
To hopes and aspirations around its valley
لوif ألقيتthey were cast كعصاlike the staff of موسىMoses علىupon حجرٍa stone
لو ألقيت كعصا موسى على حجرٍ
نفجَّرwe make gush الماءthe water منfrom أقصىthe farthest of نواحيهits sides
نفجَّر الماء من أقصى نواحيه
Were they cast, like Moses' staff, upon a stone,
If I cast like Moses’ staff on a rock
we would make water gush from its farthest sides.
Water burst from its furthest sources
جاءتcame بيحيىwith Yahya معاليهhis lofty virtues مبشراًas a herald of glad tidings
جاءت بيحيى معاليه مبشراً
فصدَّقتso confirmed يدهhis hand بشرىthe glad tidings of معاليهhis lofty virtues
فصدَّقت يده بشرى معاليه
His lofty virtues brought Yahya as a herald of glad tidings;
His glories came giving good tidings
his hand confirmed the glad tidings of his lofty virtues.
So his hand ratified the good tidings of his glories
يدٌa hand بأصلِat the root of نداهاits bounty فرعa branch of كلّevery ندىbounty
يدٌ بأصلِ نداها فرع كلّ ندى
كالبحرlike the sea ناقلةcarrying عنهُfrom it سواقيهits channels
كالبحر ناقلة عنهُ سواقيه
A hand whose bounty is the root of every branch of bounty,
A hand whose origin brought out every dew’s branch
like the sea, whose channels carry water from it.
Like the sea conveying its channels
سارتtraveled وراءَbehind خباهاits tent السحبthe clouds وادعةpeacefully
سارت وراءَ خباها السحب وادعة
لاnot تأخذthey take الماءwater إلاexcept منfrom مجاريهits watercourses
لا تأخذ الماء إلا من مجاريه
The clouds traveled peacefully behind its tent,
Traveling behind its hidden clouds calling
taking water only from its watercourses.
Taking no water but from its courses
ياO محسنone cherishing good الظنّexpectations هذاthis way نحوtoward أنعمهhis favors
يا محسن الظنّ هذا نحو أنعمه
بمفردof the peerless one in الفضلexcellence قدhas نادىcalled out مناديهhis herald
بمفرد الفضل قد نادى مناديه
O you of hopeful expectation—this way, toward his favors!
O good opinion's patron this composition
His herald has proclaimed the one peerless in excellence.
With singular grace called out its caller
يمَّمmake for مغانيَهُhis dwellings بالقصدِwith purpose محتكماًstipulating your wishes
يمَّم مغانيَهُ بالقصدِ محتكماً
إنَّindeed الغنىwealth اشْتقَّwas derived فيناamong us منfrom مغانيهhis dwellings
إنَّ الغنى اشْتقَّ فينا من مغانيه
Make for his dwellings with purpose, asking what you will;
He threaded his odes with intention referring
indeed, among us, 'wealth' derives from his 'dwellings.'
That wealth derived from us its richness
ذاكthat one الذيwho يستمدُّdraws upon النيلthe Nile أنعمهhis favors
ذاك الذي يستمدُّ النيل أنعمه
فماso not الأصابعthe fingers إلاexcept منfrom أياديهhis hands or favors
فما الأصابع إلا من أياديه
He is the one from whose favors the Nile draws its sustenance;
He who draws grace’s Nile his boons
its fingers are but favors from his hands.
So fingers but from his hands
حوتheld كنانةKinana (quiver) سهماًan arrow منof براعتهhis brilliance
حوت كنانة سهماً من براعته
لاnot تعرفit knows اليمنgood fortune إلاexcept حينَwhen تحويهit contains it
لا تعرف اليمن إلا حينَ تحويه
Kinana has held an arrow of his brilliance;
Kinanah’s arrow held an edge of his skill
it knows good fortune only when it holds that arrow.
Yemen knows no other when containing it
بكفٍّin a hand زاكيpure in السجاياcharacter إنif برىhe trims قلماًa pen
بكفٍّ زاكي السجايا إن برى قلماً
يكادit almost ينطقُspeaks تمجيداًin glorification لباريهof its maker
يكاد ينطقُ تمجيداً لباريه
In the hand of one pure in character, if he trims a pen,
With a palm purely marked if he drew a pen
it almost speaks in glorification of its maker.
It nearly speaks praising its Maker
ذوpossessor of السؤددnobility المحضunalloyed لاno طودmountain يجاذبهcontends with him for
ذو السؤدد المحض لا طود يجاذبه
ثوبthe robe of الوقارdignity ولاnor نجمa star يساميهmatches his height
ثوب الوقار ولا نجم يساميه
Of unalloyed nobility: no mountain contests with him
Of easy disposition no mantle contends him
the robe of dignity, nor does a star rival his height.
Nor a star rivals him
ماضيkeen شباthe edge of العزمresolve كمhow many حالٍa circumstance بهto him علقتclung
ماضي شبا العزم كم حالٍ به علقت
تعلُّقthe attachment of الحالthe circumstantial qualifier منof فعلٍa verb بماضيهto its past tense
تعلُّق الحال من فعلٍ بماضيه
Keen is the edge of his resolve: how many a circumstance has clung to him,
My youthful determination passed—how many states dependent
as a circumstantial qualifier attaches to a verb in its past tense.
A state’s dependence on an act with its past
فيin بيتa house of فضلٍexcellence علىabove الجوزاءal-Jawza (constellation) مرتفعraised
في بيت فضلٍ على الجوزاء مرتفع
تعنوbow humbly القصائدpoems عنbefore أدنىthe lowest of مبانيهits structures
تعنو القصائد عن أدنى مبانيه
In a house of excellence raised above al-Jawza,
In a house of grace raised above Gemini
poems bow before even its lowliest structures.
Odes announce below its foundations
لمdid not ندرِwe know ماwhat فيهit contains منof وصفٍdescription فنحصرهso we could encompass it
لم ندرِ ما فيه من وصفٍ فنحصره
وصاحبand the master of البيتthe house أدرَىknows best بالذيabout what فيهis within it
وصاحب البيت أدرَى بالذي فيه
We do not know the qualities within it well enough to sum them up;
We did not know what description to limit it with
the master of the house knows best what is within.
And the house’s owner knows best what’s in it
بيتa house ليحيىof Yahya منfrom الفاروقal-Faruq متَّصلconnected
بيت ليحيى من الفاروق متَّصل
بخٍbravo لماضيهto its past منof بيتٍa house وباقيهand what remains of it
بخٍ لماضيه من بيتٍ وباقيه
Yahya's house is linked to al-Faruq;
A house of Yahya connected to the Farouq's
bravo to this house, its past and what endures of it!
Bygone radiance from a house and its remainder
قلْsay للذيto the one whose نهضتrose للمجدِtoward glory همَّتهُhis aspiration
قلْ للذي نهضت للمجدِ همَّتهُ
ضاهىhe rivaled السماكal-Simak (star) ويحيىbut Yahya لاdoes not يضاهيهrival him
ضاهى السماك ويحيى لا يضاهيه
Tell the man whose aspiration has risen toward glory
Say to him whose ambition rose to glory
that he has rivaled al-Simak, but cannot rival Yahya.
Rivaling highest heaven while Yahya cannot rival him
إنَّindeed السيادةlordship قدhas نضَّتbared سوالفهاthe sides of her neck
إنَّ السيادة قد نضَّت سوالفها
لواحدfor the peerless one of العصرthe age يصبيهاhe captivates her وتصبيهand she captivates him
لواحد العصر يصبيها وتصبيه
Indeed, lordship has bared the sides of her neck
That mastery has unfurled its dynasties
for the peerless man of the age: he enchants her, and she enchants him.
To the singular one of time it pours itself and pours him
مقسمapportioning الدينreligion والدنياand worldly life علىaccording to شيمٍvirtues
مقسم الدين والدنيا على شيمٍ
قدhave أتْعبتexhausted فيin المعاليthe heights of excellence منwhoever يجاريهkeeps pace with him
قد أتْعبت في المعالي من يجاريه
He apportions faith and worldly life according to virtues
Divider of religion and world with moral
that have exhausted those who keep pace with him in greatness.
Exhausting the glories whoever contends him
أيامهُhis days للعلىfor eminence والمجدand glory قائمةdevoted
أيامهُ للعلى والمجد قائمة
وللعفافand for chastity وللتقوىand for piety لياليهhis nights
وللعفاف وللتقوى لياليه
His days stand devoted to eminence and glory,
His days upholding glory and might
and his nights to chastity and piety.
His nights upholding chastity and piety
ماnot زالَceased يعملhe employs آراءcounsels وأدعيةand prayers
ما زالَ يعمل آراء وأدعية
حتَّىuntil اسْتوىstood firm الملكthe kingdom فيin أعلىthe highest of صياصيهits strongholds
حتَّى اسْتوى الملك في أعلى صياصيه
He has never ceased employing counsels and prayers,
He never ceased devising opinions and litanies
until the kingdom stood firm within its loftiest strongholds.
Until the kingdom settled in its highest seat
واسْتوثقand became secure العدلjustice فيin الدنياthe world فليسَso there is no بهاwithin it
واسْتوثق العدل في الدنيا فليسَ بها
جانٍoffender; fruit-picker سوىexcept راتعone reveling فيin الروضِthe garden يجنيهgathering its fruit
جانٍ سوى راتع في الروضِ يجنيه
Justice became secure throughout the world, where there is no
And justice held firmly in the world, so none remains
offender save one reveling in the garden, gathering its fruit.
But a delightful one in the garden enjoying it
ياO منyou who لهto him belongs الفضلexcellence باديهits desert-dwellers وحاضرهُand its townspeople
يا من له الفضل باديه وحاضرهُ
ومنand you who لهُto him belongs القصدall seeking دانيهits near ones وقاصيهand its distant ones
ومن لهُ القصد دانيه وقاصيه
O you to whom excellence belongs, in desert and town,
O you whose outstanding grace is evident and hidden
and toward whom all seekers turn, near and far,
And you whose intention is near and far
دينthe debt of الرجاhope قدhave تناهتreached their utmost ليfor me مطالبهُits claims
دين الرجا قد تناهت لي مطالبهُ
علىagainst الزمانِTime ولكنand yet أنتَyou قاضيهthe one who pays it
على الزمانِ ولكن أنتَ قاضيه
the debt of hope—my claims for it have reached their limit
The debt of hope exhausted its demands from fate
against Time; yet you are the one who will repay it.
But you are its arbitrator
أدعوكI call upon you دعوةthe call of شاكيone lamenting الحالthe condition معتقدconvinced
أدعوك دعوة شاكي الحال معتقد
أنthat ليسَthere is not غيركَanyone but you بعدafter اللهGod يشكيهrelieves his grievance
أن ليسَ غيركَ بعد الله يشكيه
I call upon you as one lamenting his condition, convinced
I call upon you the call of one aggrieved in state
that none but you, after God, can relieve his grievance.
Believing none save Allah then you adjures it
إنif لمnot تراعyou heed برأيٍwith counsel منكfrom you مقصدهhis aim
إن لم تراع برأيٍ منك مقصده
ياO ابنson of السراةthe eminent فقلthen tell ليme منwhom تراعيهyou heed
يا ابن السراة فقل لي من تراعيه
If you do not heed his aim with your counsel,
If you don’t respect its purpose with a view from you
O son of the eminent, tell me whom you would heed.
My wishful relief and solace
فيin نظرةٍa glance منكfrom you تأميليmy hope ومفترجيand my relief
في نظرةٍ منك تأميلي ومفترجي
ولفظةand a word منكfrom you تنويليmy being granted gifts وتنويهيand my acclaim
ولفظة منك تنويلي وتنويهي
In one glance from you lie my hope and my relief;
A word from you interpreting me and appeasing me
and one word from you brings me gifts and renown.
I say and tears have marched their riding beasts
أقولI say والدمعwhile the tears قدhave سارتْtraveled ركائبهُtheir riding-camels
أقول والدمع قد سارتْ ركائبهُ
إلىto حماكَyour sanctuary وقدand have طافتْcircled أمانيهits hopes
إلى حماكَ وقد طافتْ أمانيه
I say, while my tears' camel-caravans have journeyed
To your sanctuary and wishes toured it
to your sanctuary, and their hopes have circled it:
This vocabulary growth complains of thirst
هذاthis نباتيُّNubati; plantlike لفظٍspeech يشتكيcomplains of عطشاًthirst
هذا نباتيُّ لفظٍ يشتكي عطشاً
لعلَّperhaps أفقكyour horizon بالأنواءwith star-associated rains يسقيهwaters it
لعلَّ أفقك بالأنواء يسقيه
Here is Nubati speech, plantlike, complaining of thirst;
Hoping your horizon with springs waters it
perhaps your horizon will water it with star-born showers.
Yes—and this shaky dictation so may
نعمyes وهذاand this مقالٌan utterance داثرٌfaded فعسىso perhaps
نعم وهذا مقالٌ داثرٌ فعسى
ياO منyou who لهto him belongs قلمthe pen of الإنشاءcomposition تنشيهyou revive it
يا من له قلم الإنشاء تنشيه
Yes, this is a faded utterance; perhaps,
The owner of scripture's pen revive it
O master of the pen of composition, you will revive it.
Partial English translation: 89 of 90 Arabic lines translated.
Sol 6.1