هيshe ظبيةُgazelle الواديthe valley وعينُand the finest لداتهاher peers
هي ظبيةُ الوادي وعينُ لداتها
فحذارso beware ثمَّthen حذارِbeware منof لحظاتهاher glances
فحذار ثمَّ حذارِ من لحظاتها
She is the valley's gazelle, the finest of her peers.
She is a gazelle of the valley, with languid eyes,
So beware, then beware, of her glances.
So beware, yes beware, of her glances!
ماwhat للفوارسfor the horsemen منof ذؤابةthe noblest stock عامرʿĀmir
ما للفوارس من ذؤابة عامر
شنَّتshe launched بأعينwith the eyes of سربهاher herd غارتهاher raid
شنَّت بأعين سربها غارتها
What has befallen the horsemen of ʿĀmir's noblest stock?
The horsemen have no power against her,
She launched her raid with the eyes of her herd.
When her gaze attacks their herd’s pasture.
فحوتso she gathered غصونbranches ألبانbān trees فيin أنقائهاher sand dunes
فحوت غصون ألبان في أنقائها
وسبتand she captured بدورmoons التمّfullness فيin هالاتهاher halos
وسبت بدور التمّ في هالاتها
She gathered bān branches among her sand dunes,
She embraced the branches of camel-thorn in her coquetry,
and captured full moons within her halos.
And spent the night in the abodes of perfection in her dreaminess.
لوif بالقدودwith the slender forms ظفرتُI had succeeded يومon the day of سويقةٍSuwayqa
لو بالقدود ظفرتُ يوم سويقةٍ
لوصلتُI would have joined بلrather لضممتُI would have embraced منsome of ألفاتهاher alif-like forms
لوصلتُ بل لضممتُ من ألفاتها
Had I won those slender forms on the day of Suwayqa,
Had I gained mastery one day over her necklace,
I would have joined—rather, embraced—some of her alif-like figures.
I would have reached her, no I would have clasped her affection!
وحدائقand gardens رتعتgrazed بهاin them أحداقناour eyes
وحدائق رتعت بها أحداقنا
وجنىand did harm الغرامُlove فشفَّso wasted غيرَall but جناتهاtheir fruit-gatherers
وجنى الغرامُ فشفَّ غيرَ جناتها
And gardens in which our eyes grazed:
Gardens we grazed in together,
love did harm, wasting all but their fruit-gatherers.
And the fruit of love ripened, bringing bliss to none but her.
خفهاfear them وأنand even if وهبgranted المنىwishes رضوانهاtheir Riḍwān
خفها وأن وهب المنى رضوانها
فلقدfor indeed رأيتI saw النارfire فيin جناَّتهاtheir paradises
فلقد رأيت النار في جناَّتها
Fear them, even if their Riḍwān grants wishes;
I feared to grant her wish though she humbly sought it,
for I have seen fire in their paradises.
For I saw the fire in her paradise.
غنيتshe grew rich فأفقرتand so impoverished القلوبhearts بحسنهاwith her beauty
غنيت فأفقرت القلوب بحسنها
مذsince صاغتshe fashioned الخيلانbeauty spots منfrom حياَّتهاher serpents
مذ صاغت الخيلان من حياَّتها
She grew rich, and impoverished hearts with her beauty,
She sang, and impoverished hearts with her beauty,
since she fashioned beauty spots from her serpents.
Since she created imagination from her vitality.
منwhoever كانwas يشكوcomplaining منof قساوةhardness قلبهاher heart
من كان يشكو من قساوة قلبها
فشكيتيso my complaint ماwhat رقَّis soft منof وجناتهاher cheeks
فشكيتي ما رقَّ من وجناتها
Whoever complains of the hardness of her heart—
Let him who complains of the hardness of her heart complain,
my complaint is the softness of her cheeks.
While my complaint is of the softness of her cheeks.
وشكتand complained دموعيmy tears المطلقاتunrestrained فوقَّعتso she decreed
وشكت دموعي المطلقات فوقَّعت
بجفونهاwith her eyelids تجريthey flow علىaccording to عادتهاtheir usual way
بجفونها تجري على عادتها
My unrestrained tears complained, so she decreed
My streaming tears have signed
with her eyelids: ‘Let them flow as they always have.’
Their flowing down her cheeks as their habit.
ماnot أطرقتlowered عينايmy eyes منfrom مللweariness بلىrather
ما أطرقت عيناي من ملل بلى
سجدتthey prostrated لماto what تتلوهُshe recites it منof آياتهاher verses
سجدت لما تتلوهُ من آياتها
My eyes did not lower from weariness; rather,
My eyes did not bow down weary,
they prostrated themselves before the verses she recites.
But prostrated themselves before the verses she recited.
ماwhy ليfor me ألامI am blamed علىfor الغرامlove وسكرهِand its intoxication
ما لي ألام على الغرام وسكرهِ
ولقدand indeed شربتI drank الخمرwine منfrom حاناتهاher taverns
ولقد شربت الخمر من حاناتها
Why am I blamed for love and its intoxication,
I have no regrets about the pain and intoxication of love,
when I have drunk wine from her taverns?
And I have drunk wine from her taverns.
منعتshe withheld أصابI am stricken ومنand among عجبthe marvels of الهوىlove
منعت أصاب ومن عجب الهوى
أنيthat I أهيمam love-mad صبابةwith longing برماتهاfor her archers
أني أهيم صبابة برماتها
She withheld; I am stricken—and a marvel of love is
Passion and love’s bewilderment forbade
that I am love-mad, longing for her archers.
That I wander crazily in her sands.
أهممتdid you intend ياO ذاتwearer of الوشاحthe sash بنظمهto string it
أهممت يا ذات الوشاح بنظمه
منfrom مقلةٍan eye لوَّنتyou colored منfrom عبراتهاits tears
من مقلةٍ لوَّنت من عبراتها
Have you thought, O wearer of the sash, of stringing it
I hesitated, O she of the cloak, to compose poetry,
from an eye, dyeing it with that eye's tears?
From a reed pen colored by my tears.
أصبحتyou became منfrom داءthe sickness of القلوبhearts سليمةًfree
أصبحت من داء القلوب سليمةً
وعداكِand it spared you ماwhat حرَّكتِyou stirred منof سكناتهاtheir stillness
وعداكِ ما حرَّكتِ من سكناتها
You have become free of the sickness of hearts,
In the morning I was cured of love’s sickness,
and the stir you caused in their stillness has spared you.
Except from what you had stirred up of my ardors.
قلsay للغزالةto the gazelle لستِyou are not منamong أنظارهاher equals
قل للغزالة لستِ من أنظارها
بلrather للغزالةto the sun لستِyou are not منamong ضرَّاتهاher rival wives
بل للغزالة لستِ من ضرَّاتها
Say to the gazelle: ‘You are not one of her equals.’
Say to the gazelle, “You are not of her glances,
Rather, to the sun: ‘You are not one of her rival wives.’
No, say to the gazelle, “You are not of her blows!”
ولطالبand to the seeker of العلياءhigh honor خلّleave clear سبيلهاits path
ولطالب العلياء خلّ سبيلها
فالفاضلfor al-Fāḍil استولىtook possession علىof غاياتهاits utmost heights
فالفاضل استولى على غاياتها
And to the seeker of high honor: ‘Leave its path clear,’
And for the seeker of the sublime, clear her path,
for al-Fāḍil has taken possession of its utmost heights.
For the virtuous has attained her highest goals,
بيراعةٍwith a reed pen فيهاin it المنيَّةdeath والمنىand wishes
بيراعةٍ فيها المنيَّة والمنى
هاتيكthat للباغيfor the aggressor وذيand this لبغاتهاfor their seekers
هاتيك للباغي وذي لبغاتها
With a reed pen bearing death and wishes:
With ease she summons death and fulfillment;
that for the aggressor, these for those who seek them.
This is for the rebel, the other for her obedient one.
وخواطرand thoughts مثلlike البحارseas خطوطهhis written lines
وخواطر مثل البحار خطوطه
أبداًforever تكنُّconceal الدرّpearls فيin ظلماتهاtheir darkness
أبداً تكنُّ الدرّ في ظلماتها
And thoughts like seas—his written lines
Thoughts like seas, their lines
forever conceal pearls within their darkness.
Forever hiding pearls in their darkness.
سمرٌbrown shafts منصَّلةٌblade-tipped أسنَّةُspearheads نقسهِhis ink
سمرٌ منصَّلةٌ أسنَّةُ نقسهِ
يجريflow الردىdeath والرزقand livelihood منfrom قنواتهاtheir shafts
يجري الردى والرزق من قنواتها
Brown, blade-tipped shafts—the spearheads of his ink;
A brown-skinned beauty, with a slender waist,
death and livelihood flow from their shafts.
Swaying coquettishly, fortune and wealth flow from her streams.
قصبٌreeds بهِthrough it ذلُّabasement الأسودlions وعزُّهاand their glory
قصبٌ بهِ ذلُّ الأسود وعزُّها
إنَّindeed الأسودَlions تعزُّare mighty فيin غاباتهاtheir thickets
إنَّ الأسودَ تعزُّ في غاباتها
Reeds that bring lions both abasement and glory—
A stalk bearing the humiliation and pride of the black ones;
indeed, lions are mighty in their thickets.
For the black ones are proud in their forests.
لوجوههاfor their faces عندwithin القلوبhearts وجاهةٌprestige
لوجوهها عند القلوب وجاهةٌ
فرواؤهاso their beauty يسبيcaptures عقولthe minds of رواتهاtheir reciters
فرواؤها يسبي عقول رواتها
Their faces hold honor in hearts,
Their faces have prestige in hearts,
and their beauty captures the minds of their reciters.
So their perfume captivates the minds of transmitters.
عزَّتproved elusive معانيهاtheir meanings علىto أفهامناour understanding
عزَّت معانيها على أفهامنا
فبعولهاso their husbands تهدىare guided إلىto غاداتهاtheir maidens
فبعولها تهدى إلى غاداتها
Their meanings are hard for our minds to reach,
Their meanings have triumphed over our comprehensions,
so their husbands are guided to their maidens.
Thus their metaphors are guided to their goals.
ولوand if أطَّلعتyou looked علىupon صحيفةthe page of فكرهِhis thought
ولو أطَّلعت على صحيفة فكرهِ
لرأيتَyou would see كلّall الخلقcreation فيin مرآتهاits mirror
لرأيتَ كلّ الخلق في مرآتها
Had you looked upon the page of his thought,
Had you been allowed to look at the page of his thoughts,
you would have seen all creation in its mirror.
You would have seen all people in her mirror.
قدindeed هانgrew slight عنديin my eyes وهوthough it ليسis not بهيّنٍat all slight
قد هان عندي وهو ليس بهيّنٍ
ذنبُthe offense of اللياليthe nights وهوyet it منamong حسناتهاtheir blessings
ذنبُ الليالي وهو من حسناتها
It has grown slight in my eyes, though it is no slight thing:
Though not insignificant, her nights’ sin
the nights' offense—and yet it is among their blessings.
Seemed slight to me, so lovely were her charms.
أبعدنthey sent away أنصاريmy supporters وجدنand lavished بقربهِwith his nearness
أبعدن أنصاري وجدن بقربهِ
فعددتُso I counted ذلكthat منamong أجلّthe greatest هباتهاtheir gifts
فعددتُ ذلك من أجلّ هباتها
They banished my supporters, but lavished his nearness upon me,
My supporters turned away, but in her presence
so I counted that among their greatest gifts.
I counted that among her greatest gifts.
سبقتoutstripped أوائلهُhis first achievements الأواخرthe last واحتوتand grasped
سبقت أوائلهُ الأواخر واحتوت
أيديthe hands of مساعيهاtheir endeavors علىhold of قصباتهاtheir prize-reeds
أيدي مساعيها على قصباتها
His first achievements outstripped the last, and
Its beginnings surpassed its ends,
the hands of their endeavors seized their prize-reeds.
And her acts of generosity embraced its dried-up twigs.
بالخضرwith the green منof أظلالهاtheir shades والحمرand the red منof
بالخضر من أظلالها والحمر من
أموالهاtheir riches والغرّand the gleaming white منof جفناتهاtheir bowls
أموالها والغرّ من جفناتها
With the green of their shade, and the red of
With green from her shade, red from
their wealth, and the gleaming white of their bowls.
Her wealth, and white from her eyelids.
ماnot فرقتwere scattered بدرُbags النُّضارgold علىfor العلىglory
ما فرقت بدرُ النُّضار على العلى
إلاَّexcept لماfor what جمعتهُthey gathered it منfrom أشتاتهاits scattered parts
إلاَّ لما جمعتهُ من أشتاتها
The bags of gold were not scattered for glory
The full moon of radiance shone upon the sublime
save for the scattered honors they gathered.
Only when it collected its fragments from her.
بيضُwhite الأياديhands and benefactions والظنونُand suspicions بهيمةٌdark
بيضُ الأيادي والظنونُ بهيمةٌ
ويزينand adorn دهمَthe black الخيلhorses بيضُthe white شياتهاtheir markings
ويزين دهمَ الخيل بيضُ شياتها
White are their hands, while suspicions are dark;
White hands and pure suspicions are foolish,
and white markings adorn black horses.
While the horses’ necklace adorns their gray color.
وإذاand when كلابُdogs الحيّthe camp أهدتbrought طارقاًa night visitor
وإذا كلابُ الحيّ أهدت طارقاً
جزعتpanicked عشارten-month-pregnant النوقshe-camels منat أصواتهاtheir cries
جزعت عشار النوق من أصواتها
When the camp's dogs lead a night visitor in,
When the dogs of the tribe present a night visitor,
the pregnant she-camels panic at their cries.
The camels’ drivers panic at their barking.
يتهلَّلونthey beam إلىat العفاةpetitioners كمزنةٍlike a rain cloud
يتهلَّلون إلى العفاة كمزنةٍ
ضحكتsmiled ثغورthe mouths of البرقlightning فيalong جنباتهاits flanks
ضحكت ثغور البرق في جنباتها
They beam at petitioners like a rain cloud
They sneak to the naked hills laughingly,
whose lightning's mouths smile along its flanks.
The lightning smiles in their mountain passes.
منamong كلّevery ماضٍresolute man كالقناةlike a spear لعطفهِfor his gentle bending
من كلّ ماضٍ كالقناة لعطفهِ
فيin السلمpeace ماwhat للحربwar has منof هزّاتهاits quivering
في السلم ما للحرب من هزّاتها
Among them, each resolute man is like a spear whose gentle sway
The valorous of the past, like the rain in his downpour
in peace matches its quivering in war.
Whom war has none of its tremors.
ركبواthey rode الأهلَّةcrescents فيamid البروقlightning flashes وأشرقتand shone
ركبوا الأهلَّة في البروق وأشرقت
منهمfrom among them بدورmoons التمّfullness فيupon صهواتهاtheir saddlebacks
منهم بدور التمّ في صهواتها
They rode crescents amid lightning, and there shone
They rode the hillocks in the lightning, so it shone
from among them full moons upon their saddlebacks.
Brighter than full moons in their firmaments.
وإذاand when الرياحthe winds تناوحتwailed to one another منfrom بعدafter ماwhen
وإذا الرياح تناوحت من بعد ما
سابتْshed متونُthe surfaces of الأرضthe earth ثوبthe garment of نباتهاits vegetation
سابتْ متونُ الأرض ثوب نباتها
And when the winds wailed to one another, after
When the winds contend after
the earth's surfaces had shed their garment of growth,
The earth’s expanses wore out their carpet of vegetation.
سكنواthey dwelt on الهضابthe highlands وأوقدواand kindled نيرانهمtheir fires
سكنوا الهضاب وأوقدوا نيرانهم
فوقabove الرّعانِthe crags الشَّمّlofty منamong شعفاتهاtheir summits
فوق الرّعانِ الشَّمّ من شعفاتها
they dwelt on highlands and kindled their fires
They dwelt on the plateaus, kindling their fires
above the lofty crags, upon their summits.
Above meadows fertilized by its decaying plants.
داسواthey trampled الممالكkingdoms فاغتدتso became أقدامهمtheir feet
داسوا الممالك فاغتدت أقدامهم
مسطورةinscribed الآثارtraces فيin جنباتهاtheir flanks
مسطورة الآثار في جنباتها
They trampled kingdoms, until their footsteps were
They trod the realms so their feet remained
inscribed as traces across their flanks.
Traces of footprints etched into its hillsides.
وتمطّقواand they smacked their lips ثديat the breast of اللياليthe nights صبيةًas children
وتمطّقوا ثدي الليالي صبيةً
فلأجلهمso for their sake صحَّتgrew sound علىdespite علاتهاtheir ailments
فلأجلهم صحَّت على علاتها
As children they smacked their lips at the nights' breast,
They squeezed the night’s breast wantonly
so for their sake the nights were sound despite their ills.
So, for their sake, she woke from her slumbering.
قومٌa people إذاwhen سهرتstayed awake جفونthe eyelids of صريخهمone seeking their help
قومٌ إذا سهرت جفون صريخهم
فجعواthey bereaved جفونَthe sheaths of سيوفهمtheir swords بسناتهاof their slumber
فجعوا جفونَ سيوفهم بسناتها
A people who, when their supplicant's eyelids lie awake,
A people whose shrieking, when their eyes were sleepless,
rob their swords' sheaths of their slumber.
Made their swords’ blades wakeful with their sharp edges.
مثلُlike الجداولstreams فيamong الكماةarmored warriors إذwhen أنبرتthey sprang forth
مثلُ الجداول في الكماة إذ أنبرت
وردتthey came to drink وردlike the drinking of الهيمthirst-crazed camels فيat هاماتهاtheir heads
وردت ورد الهيم في هاماتها
Like streams among armored warriors, when they spring forth,
Like streams in the thickets when they burst forth,
they drink at their heads as thirst-maddened camels drink.
They restored the spate of calamities in its torrents.
غربتset بدورهمtheir moons التمامperfect وأطلعتand brought forth
غربت بدورهم التمام وأطلعت
شمسthe sun of الضُّحىforenoon فيin السعدgood fortune منfrom درجاتهاits stations
شمس الضُّحى في السعد من درجاتها
Their perfect moons set, and brought forth
Their abodes eclipsed the full moons and raised
the forenoon sun from its auspicious stations.
The suns of daybreak through its ascending steps.
قتلواthey slew بمالهمwith their wealth العدىthe foes وباوتهمand you vied with them
قتلوا بمالهم العدى وباوتهم
فقتلتso you slew مالكyour wealth آخذاًtaking بتراتهاvengeance for them
فقتلت مالك آخذاً بتراتها
They slew their foes with their wealth, and you vied with them,
They killed the enemy with their wealth, and their dwellings
so you slew your wealth, taking vengeance for those foes.
Killed the owner, gripping his neck.
وكأنماand as though القبائلthe tribes ضيَّعتhad lost أحسابهاtheir noble lineages
وكأنما القبائل ضيَّعت أحسابها
أحرزتyou safeguarded ذمَّةthe bond of عهدهاtheir covenant ولغاتهاand their tongues
أحرزت ذمَّة عهدها ولغاتها
As though the tribes had lost their noble lineages,
It was as if the tribes had lost their accounts,
you preserved their covenant's bond and their tongues.
You attained the covenant of their oaths and dialects.
خفَّفتyou lightened منof أسفthe sorrow of الصدورhearts وأصبحتand became
خفَّفت من أسف الصدور وأصبحت
نعماكyour bounty مثقلةburdening ظهورthe backs of عفاتهاits petitioners
نعماك مثقلة ظهور عفاتها
You lightened the sorrow in hearts, and
You relieved the hearts’ gloom, and your favors
your bounty now burdens the backs of those who seek it.
Became burdensome upon the backs of the chaste.
فإذاand when عيونthe eyes of الحاسديكthose who envy you علىupon العلىglory
فإذا عيون الحاسديك على العلى
وسرتand traveled سحائبهاits clouds إلىtoward سرواتهاits highest peaks
وسرت سحائبها إلى سرواتها
And when your enviers' eyes were fixed on glory,
When the envious gaze upon you haughtily,
and its clouds traveled toward its highest peaks,
Their clouds disperse to their pastures.
أنَّgroaned القوافيthe rhymes زلزلتwere shaken أقدامهاtheir feet
أنَّ القوافي زلزلت أقدامها
ورمتand cast إليكtoward you حاومهاtheir circling forms (unclear) بحصاتهاwith their pebbles
ورمت إليك حاومها بحصاتها
the rhymes groaned, their feet shaken,
The rhymes made its feet tremble,
and their circling forms cast their pebbles toward you.
And flung its protectors at you with pebbles.
ورأتكand they saw you فيin شرفِhigh honor فإمَّاso either ميتةdead
ورأتك في شرفِ فإمَّا ميتة
فتراحُand so find rest أوor أحييتَyou revived منof مهجاتهاtheir souls
فتراحُ أو أحييتَ من مهجاتها
They saw you in high honor: either they would die
It saw you in an honored position, so either it dies,
and find rest, or you would revive their souls.
And rests, or you give it life from its ashes!
ملكتyou possessed منهاof them غيرnot خائفfearing شفعةٍpreemption
ملكت منها غير خائف شفعةٍ
ماwhat قدّسconsecrated الإحسانbeneficence منamong أبياتهاtheir verse-houses
ما قدّس الإحسان من أبياتها
You possessed among them, without fear of preemption,
You possessed of her other than fearing a rival’s intercession,
what beneficence had consecrated of their verses.
What the Beneficent sanctified of her verses.
كالخمرlike wine بالأفواهِin mouths دائرةٌcirculating علىthrough الأسماthe ears (continued)
كالخمر بالأفواهِ دائرةٌ على الأسما
عcompletion of 'the ears' تغنىdispensing عنwith أكفّthe hands of سقاتهاtheir cupbearers
ع تغنى عن أكفّ سقاتها
Like wine in mouths, they circulate through the ears,
She circulates upon the mouths like wine,
dispensing with their cupbearers' hands.
Singing, independent of cupbearers’ palms.
لعلاكمُfor your high glory ماwhatever ساغwent down sweetly منof ألفاظهاtheir words
لعلاكمُ ما ساغ من ألفاظها
ووهمتُand I was mistaken بلrather ماwhatever صيغwas fashioned منof كاساتهاtheir cups
ووهمتُ بل ما صيغ من كاساتها
Whatever goes down sweetly of their words is for your high glory;
Perhaps her words were agreeable to you,
I misspoke—rather, whatever is fashioned of their cups.
And I fancied, no, shaped as if her cups.
فأعنso help عليهwith it بقوَّةٍwith strength واستبقنيand preserve me
فأعن عليه بقوَّةٍ واستبقني
إنif نبوةٌa lapse عرضتoccurred لدفعto repel أذاتهاits harm
إن نبوةٌ عرضت لدفع أذاتها
So help me in this with strength, and preserve me,
So help with strength, and outdo me,
if a lapse occurs, to ward off its harm.
If a prophecy emerged to deflect her harm.
فأرىfor I see سيوفthe swords of الهندIndia تخدمserve صفحهاtheir flat sides
فأرى سيوف الهند تخدم صفحها
الأيديhands كماjust as ترجوهُthey hope for it منfrom شفراتهاtheir cutting edges
الأيدي كما ترجوهُ من شفراتها
For I see Indian swords whose flats are served
I see India’s swords serving her sword,
by hands, as hands hope for service from their edges.
As her hands wish, by their blades.
والجودand bounty يحكمdecrees والسماحand generosity بأنهُthat it
والجود يحكم والسماح بأنهُ
لاno بدَّescape للأعيادfor festivals منfrom عاداتهاtheir customs
لا بدَّ للأعياد من عاداتها
And bounty and generosity decree that
And generosity rules, and nobility dictates,
festivals cannot do without their customs.
That joyous occasions must have their customs.
Sol 6.1