أهلكَyour family والليلَand the night منضياexhausting جملكyour camel
أهلكَ والليلَ منضيا جملك
شمّرgird yourself فخيرfor the best البلادof lands ماthat which حملكsustains you
شمّر فخير البلاد ما حملك
Make for your family and heed the night, wearing out your camel.
You have wasted the night away, so prepare your belongings,
Gird yourself: the best land is the one that sustains you.
The best of lands is the one that carries you.
لاno خيرَgood فيin بقعةٍa tract تروقpleases منof الأthe earth (first part)
لا خيرَ في بقعةٍ تروق من الأ
رضearth (continuation) إذاif لمnot تنلyou attain بهاin it أملكyour hope
رض إذا لم تنل بها أملك
There is no good in a pleasing tract of the
There is no good in a place, however pleasing,
earth, if there you fail to attain your hope.
If your hopes are not fulfilled there.
ولستُand I am not منamong معشرthe people of الإباءproud dignity ولاnor الـthe (article)
ولستُ من معشر الإباء ولا الـ
ـفضلexcellence (continuation) إذاif ماever (emphatic) نصرتَyou supported منone who خذلكforsook you
ـفضل إذا ما نصرتَ من خذلك
Nor am I among the people of proud dignity or
I am not of those who show weakness or superiority
excellence, if ever you support one who has forsaken you.
If you support those who betrayed you.
لنbe gentle جانباًin manner للكريمtoward the noble man وأصفُand be sincere لهُto him
لن جانباً للكريم وأصفُ لهُ
وأغلظand be harsh علىtoward منone who جفاكshunned you أوor جهلكdisregarded you
وأغلظ على من جفاك أو جهلك
Be gentle toward the noble man, and be sincere with him.
I will turn away from the generous and describe him,
And be harsh toward one who shuns you or disregards you.
And be harsh to those who were unjust or ignorant to you.
والهمُّand grief داءُa disease أنif لمnot تداركهyou remedy it بالـwith the (article)
والهمُّ داءُ أن لم تداركه بالـ
ـهجرdeparture (continuation) دواءas a cure أنضاكwore you out أوor قتلكkilled you
ـهجر دواء أنضاك أو قتلك
And grief is a disease; unless you remedy it with
Worry is a disease that will not leave you
departure as a cure, it will wear you out or kill you.
Unless you cure it by abandonment, or it kills you.
فأعززso stand proud وأنand if سامكimposed on you الهوانhumiliation وصنand guard نفself (first part)
فأعزز وأن سامك الهوان وصن نف
سكyourself (continuation) دونagainst الضَّنينthe miser أنif بذلكdebased you
سك دون الضَّنين أن بذلك
So stand proud, even if humiliation is imposed on you; guard
So be dignified even if dishonor has befallen you,
yourself against the miser, should he debase you.
And guard your soul from doubters, and you will succeed.
بأيon what رجلِfoot تسعىyou strive إلىtoward غايةthe summit الـthe (article)
بأي رجلِ تسعى إلى غاية الـ
ـمجدglory (continuation) وقيدُand the fetter الزمانof time قدalready شغلكencumbered you
ـمجد وقيدُ الزمان قد شغلك
On what foot can you strive for the summit of
What man seeks the heights of glory
glory, when time's fetter has already encumbered you?
While the times have preoccupied you?
أنحلكwasted you السُّقمُsickness ناهكاًwearing down واستردَّand reclaimed الـthe (article)
أنحلك السُّقمُ ناهكاً واستردَّ الـ
ـدهرtime (continuation) أخذَthe taking البخيلof a miser ماwhat نحلكbestowed on you
ـدهر أخذَ البخيل ما نحلك
Sickness has wasted you, wearing you down; and
Illness has left you weakened, and time
time reclaimed, with a miser's grasp, what it bestowed on you.
Has taken back what it bestowed on the stingy.
فأنتso you منamong دونapart from أهلهِits people لاnot ترىyou see
فأنت من دون أهلهِ لا ترى
خيلكyour horses مجنونةًfrenzied ولاnor خولكyour servants
خيلك مجنونةً ولا خولك
So you, alone among its people, do not see
Without your people you will not see
your horses frenzied, nor your servants.
Your crazed horses or your foals.
فلاso do not تخلهُthink it ظلماًan injustice خصصتyou were singled out بهِfor it
فلا تخلهُ ظلماً خصصت بهِ
فالدهرfor time يقضيdecrees كذاthus عليكagainst you ولكand for you
فالدهر يقضي كذا عليك ولك
So do not think it an injustice reserved for you;
So do not wrong him out of hatred,
for time decrees such things both against you and for you.
For time will judge you as it judges him.
منfrom أينwhere تلقىyou find مصافياًa sincere friend والورىwhile humankind
من أين تلقى مصافياً والورى
صنفانِtwo kinds هذاthis one قلىhated وذاand that one ختلكdeceived you
صنفانِ هذا قلى وذا ختلك
Where can you find a sincere friend, when humankind
Where will you find loyal friends when
is of two kinds: this one hates you, that one deceives you?
Mankind is of two types: roasted or raw?
عدوُّكyour enemy الجاهلونthe ignorant بالعلمof learning أوor حاenvier (first part)
عدوُّك الجاهلون بالعلم أو حا
سدكyour envier (continuation) الدهرَalways عاملاًdoing عملكyour work
سدك الدهرَ عاملاً عملك
Your enemies are those ignorant of learning, or
Your enemies are the ignorant or
the one who always envies you, doing the same work as you.
Those jealous of you and your deeds.
لاno خيرgood فيin معشرٍa people منout of اللُّؤمbaseness لاnot
لا خير في معشرٍ من اللُّؤم لا
كتبكَyour letters يخشونthey fear لاno ولاnor رسلكyour messengers
كتبكَ يخشون لا ولا رسلك
No good lies in people so base that they do not
No good in a group of wicked people
fear your letters—no, nor your messengers.
Who fear neither your book nor your messengers.
حتَّامuntil when لاnot تحزمyou girth الجيادthe steeds ولاnor
حتَّام لا تحزم الجياد ولا
تعملُyou put to work فيin أمِّseeking غايةِa goal إبلكyour camels
تعملُ في أمِّ غايةِ إبلك
How long will you neither girth your steeds nor
Hasten not to saddle the steeds or
put your camels to work in pursuit of a goal?
Work for the main goal of your camels.
لقدindeed تربصتyou lingered خيفةfor fear الأجلof the appointed end الـthe (article)
لقد تربصت خيفة الأجل الـ
ـمحتومinevitable (continuation) لوif كانit were دافعاًwarding off أجلكyour appointed death
ـمحتوم لو كان دافعاً أجلك
You have indeed lingered for fear of your
Death has lurked waiting for its destined hour
inevitable end—as though that could ward off your death.
As if it could avert your death.
ماhow أبينevident العجزَhelplessness فيكin you رأياًin judgment وماand how
ما أبين العجزَ فيك رأياً وما
أكثرَgreat منfrom بعدِafter هذهthis خجلكyour shame
أكثرَ من بعدِ هذه خجلك
How plain is the helplessness in your judgment, and how
How clear is your weakness in my view
great your shame after this!
And how much after this is your shame!
أقمتَyou dwelt دهراًa long time بمصرهمin their Egypt لاnot ينيceases
أقمتَ دهراً بمصرهم لا يني
حزنكyour sorrow فيهاin it مقارناًaccompanying جذلكyour joy
حزنك فيها مقارناً جذلك
You dwelt an age in their Egypt; ceaselessly,
You have stayed long in their land, yet
your sorrow there accompanied your joy.
Your sorrow does not lessen your resolve.
فماso no حبانيgranted me بحاجتيwith what I needed قدرٌdestiny
فما حباني بحاجتي قدرٌ
ولاnor اقتضانيexacted from me بالحظّin good fortune دورُthe turning فلكof a sphere
ولا اقتضاني بالحظّ دورُ فلك
No destiny granted me what I needed,
Fate has not granted me my needs
nor did a sphere's turning exact good fortune from me.
Nor has the cycle of planets favored me.
وحبّذاand how welcome ذاكthat لوif وجدتَyou found فتىa young man
وحبّذا ذاك لو وجدتَ فتى
أفضلَshowed generosity يوماًone day أوor فضلكfavored you
أفضلَ يوماً أو فضلك
And how welcome that would be, if you found a young man
Better for you to find a man superior
who was generous one day, or favored you.
One day, or exceeding your superiority.
وآيةand the sign الجودof generosity كونthe fact of منعهِhis withholding
وآية الجود كون منعهِ
خصَّكsingled you out بالمنفساتِwith precious things أوor شملكincluded you
خصَّك بالمنفساتِ أو شملك
And the sign of generosity is the fact of his withholding,
The mark of generosity is to deprive one
whether he singled you out with precious things or included you.
Who envied or opposed you.
أنتyou حسامa sword سجنتَyou were imprisoned بالغمدin the sheath لوif
أنت حسام سجنتَ بالغمد لو
سلَّكdrew you سلَّdrew الحسامthe sword وانتصلكand unsheathed you
سلَّك سلَّ الحسام وانتصلك
You are a sword imprisoned in its sheath; if
You are a sword sheathed, which if drawn
he drew you, he would draw a sword and unsheathe you.
Would slash like an unsheathed blade.
أنتِyou رسولُthe messenger النُّهىof reason بعثتَyou were sent إلىto
أنتِ رسولُ النُّهى بعثتَ إلى
دَّجالa charlatan جهلٍof ignorance لاnot يهتديfinds guidance جدلكyour reasoning
دَّجال جهلٍ لا يهتدي جدلك
You are reason's messenger, sent to
You are the messenger of prohibition sent
a charlatan of ignorance who finds no guidance in your reasoning.
To an ignorant imposter not guided by your arguments.
وأيand what a درعcoat of mail فيin الرُّوعterror أنتyou فلوso if only
وأي درع في الرُّوع أنت فلو
سلَّكdrew you out فيin الحادثاتcalamities أوor نثلكshook you out
سلَّك في الحادثات أو نثلك
And what a coat of mail you are in terror! If only
You are armor against fears - if worn
he drew you out in calamities, or shook you free!
In adversities, you would prevail or be martyred.
أنتyou جوادٌa steed حبستyou were held back عنfrom أمدِa finish line
أنت جوادٌ حبست عن أمدِ
لوif only أصبحdawned اليومُthe day مرخياًloosening طولكyour tether
لو أصبح اليومُ مرخياً طولك
You are a steed held back from the finish line—
You are a steed confined and unable to gallop
if only today would loosen your tether!
If released today stretching to full speed.
كنconceal عتبكyour reproach المرءَof the man أنif أرادكhe meant you بالـwith the (article)
كن عتبك المرءَ أن أرادك بالـ
ـسوءharm (continuation) وأنand if لمnot يردhe intends فكنthen conceal غزلكyour love poetry
ـسوء وأن لم يرد فكن غزلك
Conceal your reproach of a man if he means you
Let your reproach be upon one who wished you ill
harm; and if he does not, conceal your love poetry.
And if he did not, then make him your bosom friend.
ووصلكand your joining الهاجرينthose who abandon عوراءُa folly معdespite علـknowing (first part)
ووصلك الهاجرين عوراءُ مع علـ
ـمكyour knowing (continuation) أنthat كمhow often هجرتَyou abandoned منone who وصلكjoined you
ـمك أن كم هجرتَ من وصلك
And your joining those who abandon you is folly, despite
Console the estranged with your knowledge
your knowing how often you have abandoned one who joined you.
That you have abandoned many who consoled you.
إذاif غداhe becomes فيin وقايةٍprotection منfrom ظبىthe blades الـthe (article)
إذا غدا في وقايةٍ من ظبى الـ
ـأعداءenemies (continuation) زغفٍfine mail ولمand did not يخفfear فللكyour notches
ـأعداء زغفٍ ولم يخف فللك
If he becomes a safeguard against the blades of
If tomorrow you have protection from the enemies' blades,
enemies—a coat of fine mail—and does not fear your notches,
Do not fear the clamor nor dread the discord.
فالخلُّfor a true friend منone who ناشlifted فيin الخطوبcalamities بضبعby the upper arms (first part)
فالخلُّ من ناش في الخطوب بضبع
يكyour two arms (continuation) ومنand one who سدَّclosed رتقهُhis mending خللكyour gaps
يك ومن سدَّ رتقهُ خللك
for a true friend is one who lifts you in troubles by
The smooth way out of hardship is to join together,
your upper arms, and whose mending closes your breaches.
And who sealed his tear made whole his rending.
عاقبكpunished you الدهرtime لاnot لذنبٍfor a sin ولاnor
عاقبك الدهر لا لذنبٍ ولا
أنكرcensured يوماًever فيin حالةٍa circumstance زللكyour slips
أنكر يوماً في حالةٍ زللك
Time punished you, not for a sin, nor
Fate punished you not for a crime
did it ever censure your slips in any circumstance.
Nor on a day when you slipped into error.
وكأنand as though مثلlike المعذورone excused لوif كانit were فيin أثنـthe course (first part)
وكأن مثل المعذور لو كان في أثنـ
ـاءthe course (continuation) حالa circumstance مثبتاًproving خطلكyour folly
ـاء حال مثبتاً خطلك
And it would seem like one excused, had it, in the course of
It is as if the excused one in the midst of a case
some circumstance, established your folly.
Had his argument affirmed but forgot his proofs.
ماhow أنزرfew العليةthe elite الكرامthe noble وماand how
ما أنزر العلية الكرام وما
أكثرnumerous ياO دهرُTime بينناamong us سفلكyour base people
أكثر يا دهرُ بيننا سفلك
How few are the noble elite, and how
How few are the noble souls,
many your base ones among us, O Time!
And how abundant, oh Fate, are your lowly ones!
ياO قائدleader الخيلof horses والقلوبand hearts معاًtogether
يا قائد الخيل والقلوب معاً
أهوىI love اسيليكyour two smooth cheeks خائفاًfearing أسلكyour spears
أهوى اسيليك خائفاً أسلك
O leader of horses and hearts together,
O captain of horse and hearts alike
I love your smooth cheeks, fearing your spears.
I passionately aspire to join you in fear of separation.
تردُّنيyou repel me راجياًhoping for رضاكyour favor فإنso if
تردُّني راجياً رضاك فإن
وافاكcame to you واشٍa slanderer ثناكturned you away أوor نقلكchanged you
وافاك واشٍ ثناك أو نقلك
You repel me as I hope for your favor; if
You ignore my hopes of your approval
a slanderer comes to you, he turns you away or changes you.
Whether a comrade brought us together or fortune did.
فكيفso however أقبلتَyou approached غيرَwithout معتذرٍapologizing
فكيف أقبلتَ غيرَ معتذرٍ
قبّلكkissed you المستهامthe love-stricken one أوor قبلكaccepted you
قبّلك المستهام أو قبلك
So however you come, without apology,
Why then did you approach without an excuse?
the love-stricken one will kiss you or welcome you.
Let the desperate kiss you or kiss you.
ماnot زلتI ceased أهوىI love وأنتwhile you فيin شغُّلpreoccupation
ما زلت أهوى وأنت في شغُّل
حليكyour adornment طوراًat one time وتارةًand at another time عطلكyour lack of adornment
حليك طوراً وتارةً عطلك
I have never ceased to love, while you are preoccupied—
Still I yearn while you are busy
now with your adornment, now with being unadorned.
At times with your ornaments, at others idle.
أسرفتyou went too far ياO ظبيgazelle فيin النفارshunning فلوso if only
أسرفت يا ظبي في النفار فلو
أمنتُI trusted ياO غصنbough ساعةًfor an hour ميلكyour inclination
أمنتُ يا غصن ساعةً ميلك
You have gone too far in shunning, O gazelle! If only
I have fled far, O gazelle, and if
I could trust your inclination for an hour, O bough!
I felt safe for an hour, I would incline toward you.
إنيindeed I أحبّlove الغزالthe gazelle كيفhowever توخـseeking (first part)
إني أحبّ الغزال كيف توخـ
ـيتyou sought (continuation) لقاءa meeting رماكshot at you أوor ختلكdeceived you
ـيت لقاء رماك أو ختلك
Indeed I love the gazelle: however you seek
For I love the gazelle, so how could I intend
to meet it, it shoots at you or deceives you.
To meet your arrow or your spear?
أنif وعدpromised اليومtoday بالوصالunion غداًtomorrow
أن وعد اليوم بالوصال غداً
أخلفكfailed you الوعدthe promise منهُfrom him أوor مطّلكkept you waiting
أخلفك الوعد منهُ أو مطّلك
If today it promises union tomorrow,
If today promises union tomorrow,
its promise fails you, or it keeps you waiting.
The promise has cheated me, or you have delayed.
يحفظpreserves قلبيmy heart ديناًas a faith هواكlove of you كماjust as
يحفظ قلبي ديناً هواك كما
ضيَّعdisregarded سمعيmy hearing منfrom قبلهاbefore it عذلكyour reproach
ضيَّع سمعي من قبلها عذلك
My heart keeps love of you as a faith, just as
My heart preserves a devotion to your love
my ears had earlier let your reproach go to waste.
Even as my ear has lost your blame.
وأنتand you منfrom جيلthe generation ذاof this الزمانage فماso not
وأنت من جيل ذا الزمان فما
أرهبُI fear إلاexcept قلاكyour aversion أوor ملكyour weariness
أرهبُ إلا قلاك أو ملك
And you belong to this age's generation, so I
You are of the generation of this age, so I dread
fear only your aversion or your weariness.
Only your paucity or your possession.
أقمstraighten صدورthe breasts المطيّof the riding camels ياO ساريًtraveler through الـthe (article)
أقم صدور المطيّ يا ساريً الـ
ـليلnight (continuation) وعجّلand hasten to pay دينthe debt العلىof high honor قبلكowed by you
ـليل وعجّل دين العلى قبلك
Straighten the camels' breasts, O traveler through the
Drive on the riding camels, O guide of night,
night, and hasten to pay the debt you owe to high honor.
And hasten the debt of the Sublime before you.
ماnot صاغكfashioned you اللهGod للمكارمfor noble deeds أنif خالـdefying (first part)
ما صاغك الله للمكارم أن خالـ
ـفتyou defied (continuation) أمرthe command الحجىof reason فلاthen may He not جبلكformed you
ـفت أمر الحجى فلا جبلك
God has not fashioned you for noble deeds if you
God did not create you for generosity
defy reason's command; then may He not have formed you!
If you oppose the order of Revelation.
فقدّمso put first العزمَresolve واتخذهand take it as أخاa companion رحـsaddle (first part)
فقدّم العزمَ واتخذه أخا رحـ
ـلكyour saddle (continuation) وأسلكand follow a path هديتmay you be guided حيثwherever سلكit went
ـلك وأسلك هديت حيث سلك
So put resolve first, and make it a companion to your
So fortify your resolve and make it a brother
saddle; follow—may you be guided—the path it takes.
To your departure, tread the path you are guided.
علَّكperhaps you أنif لمnot تضعهُyou squander it لاnot تجتويfind distasteful
علَّك أن لم تضعهُ لا تجتوي
علَّكyour second draught فيin المكرماتnoble deeds أوor نهلكyour first draught
علَّك في المكرمات أو نهلك
Perhaps, if you do not squander it, you will not disdain
Perhaps if you do not put it forth you will not reach
your second draught of noble deeds, or your first.
The springs of generosity or sweet waters.
هنَّthey (feminine) القوافيthe rhymes نهجa path الفلاةthe desert فماso how
هنَّ القوافي نهج الفلاة فما
أحسنbeautiful فيin بحرِthe sea آلهاof its mirage رملكyour trotting
أحسن في بحرِ آلها رملك
They, the rhymes, are a path through the desert; how
How fair are rhyme's measures, the ways of desolation!
lovely your trotting through the sea of its mirage!
How excellent amid their sea is your sand dune!
كمhow many صدرِa breast أفقِof a horizon شققنهُthey split it open عنaway from دجىthe darkness الـthe (article)
كم صدرِ أفقِ شققنهُ عن دجى الـ
ـليلnight (continuation) وصبحٍand a dawn جلونthey unveiled تحتbeneath حلكdeep gloom
ـليل وصبحٍ جلون تحت حلك
How many a horizon's breast they have split free of the darkness of
How many dawning horizons have we cloven,
night, and how many a dawn they have unveiled beneath deep gloom!
From the night's darkness and from dawn's halves beneath your protection!
وأجهدand strive فإنso if أخفقتyou failed ولاand no عجبٌwonder
وأجهد فإن أخفقت ولا عجبٌ
واقنعand be content يقرصيكapparently, with your two bread-cakes واشتملand wrap yourself in سملكyour worn garment
واقنع يقرصيك واشتمل سملك
And strive; if you fail—and that is no wonder—
But strive on, for if you fail, no surprise,
be content with your two bread-cakes, and wrap yourself in your threadbare garment.
And be content with what sustains you and your raiment.
Sol 6.1