لذاكfor that الحبيبbeloved وهذيand these الدمنْruined campsites
لذاك الحبيب وهذي الدمنْ
خلعتُI cast off عذارthe bridle of الهوىpassion والشجنand grief
خلعتُ عذار الهوى والشجن
For that beloved and these ruined encampments,
For that beloved and this closeness
I cast off the bridle of passion and grief.
I shed the adornments of passion and yearning
فللحسنso for beauty منof أدمعيmy tears ماwhatever هوىfell
فللحسن من أدمعي ما هوى
وللبينand for separation منof جلديmy endurance ماwhatever وهنweakened
وللبين من جلدي ما وهن
For beauty are my tears that fell,
So for the beauty tears fell from me
and for separation, my endurance that failed.
And for separation my skin weakened
وقفتُI stood وماand not كانwas ذاكthat الوقوthe standing (continued)
وقفتُ وما كان ذاك الوقو
فُcompletion of 'standing' إلاَّexcept لسعيto stir الأسىanguish والحزنand sorrow
فُ إلاَّ لسعي الأسى والحزن
I stood, and that standing was nothing
I stood though it was not the stance
but to set anguish and sorrow in motion.
Except for the striving of sorrow and sadness
فضيَّعso lost سمعيmy hearing قرطَthe earring of الملامreproach
فضيَّع سمعي قرطَ الملام
وشقتand tore جفونيmy eyelids جيبthe collar of الوسنsleep
وشقت جفوني جيب الوسن
So my hearing lost the earring of reproach,
So it wasted my hearing the blame beads
and my eyelids tore the collar of sleep.
And my eyelids split open the wound's dressings
فياso O راويnarrator of الحبّlove عنon the authority of أدمعيmy tears
فيا راوي الحبّ عن أدمعي
عرفتyou have known ولوعيmy ardor ولكنbut بمنfor whom
عرفت ولوعي ولكن بمن
O narrator of love on the authority of my tears,
So O carrier of love from my tears
you know my ardor—but for whom?
You knew my agony but who with?
وإنيand I indeed لأخشىsurely fear عليهconcerning him الظنونsuspicions وقand may (continued)
وإني لأخشى عليه الظنون وق
دcompletion of 'may' ينتجarise العلمُknowledge بعدafter الظننconjecture
د ينتج العلمُ بعد الظنن
And I do fear suspicions concerning him;
And I fear suspicions about him while he
for knowledge may emerge after conjecture.
Is learned after the suspicions
بروحيmy soul as ransom for أحورa dark-eyed one ساجيtranquil in اللحاglances (continued)
بروحي أحور ساجي اللحا
ظcompletion of 'glances' وماand never فترَgrew languid اللحظthe gaze إلاَّexcept that فتنit bewitched
ظ وما فترَ اللحظ إلاَّ فتن
My soul be ransom for a dark-eyed one of tranquil
By my soul a passionate dark-eyed beauty
glances; his gaze never languished without beguiling.
Whose glance did not falter except to captivate
وإنيand I وأنيthough I am لعينُindeed the very embodiment الحنيفof the upright believer
وإني وأني لعينُ الحنيف
لمنsurely of جاهليّةthe pagan ignorance of ذاكthat الوثنidol
لمن جاهليّة ذاك الوثن
And I—though the very model of an upright believer—
And I, by God, am to the ardent lover
am surely of that idol's pagan age.
An ignorant pagan to that idol
قضيتI perished هوّىof passion وقضىand he decreed بالهوىby passion
قضيت هوّى وقضى بالهوى
فأطلقso he released دمعيmy tears وقلبيand my heart سجنhe imprisoned
فأطلق دمعي وقلبي سجن
I perished of passion; he pronounced judgment by passion,
I fulfilled a passion and with passion he passed judgement
then set my tears free and imprisoned my heart.
So my tears flowed and my heart imprisoned
وعلَّمنيand taught me فيهfor his sake ندبlamenting الحمولthe laden camels
وعلَّمني فيه ندب الحمول
وجدٌyearning دمعيmy tears وقلبيand my heart سجنimprisoned
وجدٌ دمعي وقلبي سجن
And I was taught, for his sake, to lament the laden camels
And he taught me therein how to blame the departed
by yearning—my tears, and my heart imprisoned [wording unclear].
My flowing tears and my heart imprisoned
إلىto اللهGod منfrom مغرمَone enamored بالوفاءof fidelity
إلى الله من مغرمَ بالوفاء
كأنيas though I منof غيرother than أهلthe people of الزمنthe age
كأني من غير أهل الزمن
To God goes the plea of one enamored of fidelity,
To God from one enamored with loyalty
as though I were not of the people of this age.
As if I am not one of this age’s people
وكيفand how يلامis blamed غريبٌa stranger بكىwho wept
وكيف يلام غريبٌ بكى
لقربat the nearness of المشيبgray hair وبعدand the remoteness of الوطنthe homeland
لقرب المشيب وبعد الوطن
How can a stranger be blamed for weeping
And how can a stranger who cried be blamed
at the nearness of gray hair and the remoteness of home?
For the nearness of old age and the distance of homeland?
أحنُّI yearn ولاand no عجبٌwonder للكريمfor a noble man
أحنُّ ولا عجبٌ للكريم
تذكَّرhe remembered عهداًa covenant كريماًnoble فحنand so yearned
تذكَّر عهداً كريماً فحن
I yearn; no wonder for a noble man
I yearn and no wonder for the generous man
who remembers a noble covenant and yearns.
Remembered a generous past so he yearned
ويكفيكand it suffices you أنيthat I بسهمby the arrow of الفراقseparation
ويكفيك أني بسهم الفراق
كليمُwounded الفؤادin heart سليمُunharmed البدنin body
كليمُ الفؤاد سليمُ البدن
Let it suffice you that, by separation's arrow,
And it suffices you that I by the arrow of separation
my heart is wounded, my body unharmed.
Am wounded in spirit safe in body
فللدهرso for Time منىfrom me شنيهharsh (reading uncertain) الملامreproach
فللدهر منى شنيه الملام
ولأبنand for Ibn (son of) الحسينal-Husayn الثناءpraise الحسنfair
ولأبن الحسين الثناء الحسن
For Time, from me, there is harsh reproach;
So time has from me the blame of malice
and for Ibn al-Husayn there is fair praise.
And for the son of Husayn the finest praise
هوhe النجمُthe star لاnot العرضُhonor منهُof his يباحmay be violated
هو النجمُ لا العرضُ منهُ يباح
كلاَّcertainly not ولاnor مالهُhis wealth يختزنis hoarded
كلاَّ ولا مالهُ يختزن
He is the star; his honor cannot be violated,
He is the star not the good name from him taken
certainly not, nor is his wealth hoarded.
No, and not his money hoarded
جوادٌa generous man يعمُّencompasses الورىmankind والوغىand war
جوادٌ يعمُّ الورى والوغى
بنشرby spreading العطاياgifts وطيّand folding away المحنhardships
بنشر العطايا وطيّ المحن
A generous man, embracing mankind and war
Generous whom the world and turmoil surround
by spreading gifts and folding troubles away.
With spreading gifts and covering tribulations
لقدindeed قعدتُI sat down حينwhen قامarose الخطوبُcalamities
لقد قعدتُ حين قام الخطوبُ
فأحيىso he revived المنىhopes وأماتand killed الفتنstrife
فأحيى المنى وأمات الفتن
Indeed, I sank down when calamities arose;
I have sat when obstacles stood up
he revived hopes and put strife to death.
So he brought life to purpose and stopped strife
ولمand never يفترقparted فعلهُhis action والتقىand piety
ولم يفترق فعلهُ والتقى
ولمand never يجتمعcame together حكمهُhis judgment والغبنand injustice
ولم يجتمع حكمهُ والغبن
His deeds and piety never parted,
And his action did not separate from concord
nor did his judgment and injustice ever meet.
And his wisdom did not meet with loss
رفيعlofty العمادof tent-pole طويلُlong النجادof sword-belt
رفيع العماد طويلُ النجاد
حديدُsteely الفؤادof heart رحيبُspacious العطنin camel-resting ground by water
حديدُ الفؤاد رحيبُ العطن
Lofty of tent-pole, long of sword-belt,
Of lofty pillars, long right hand
steely of heart, spacious of watering-ground.
Firm of heart, vast of giving
إذاwhen جمدfroze العامthe year فيin المحلdrought ذابhe melted
إذا جمد العام في المحل ذاب
وأنand if أمسكwithheld القطرُrain بخلاًin stinginess هتنhe poured down
وأن أمسك القطرُ بخلاً هتن
When the year freezes in drought, he melts;
If the clouds congeal in place they melt
and if rain holds back in stinginess, he pours down.
And if the rain withholds stingily it slides
وأنand if طاشreeled ثهلانThahlan حلماًin forbearance رساhe stood firm
وأن طاش ثهلان حلماً رسا
أناةًwith patience وأنand if خفَّgrew flighty خوفٌfear رصنhe remained steady
أناةً وأن خفَّ خوفٌ رصن
And if Thahlan reels, he stands firm in forbearance,
And if courage exceeds forbearance
with patience; and if fear turns flighty, he remains steady.
It bows in humility and if fear decreases determination
فليتكif only you تشهدهcould witness him خاطباًspeaking
فليتك تشهده خاطباً
وقدhaving سلَّunsheathed فيin الخطبthe address سيفthe sword of اللَّسنeloquence
وقد سلَّ في الخطب سيف اللَّسن
If only you could witness him speaking,
If only you could see him speaking
having drawn in his address the sword of eloquence,
Having unleashed in his sermon the sword of tongues
وسدَّدand aimed أسهمَthe arrows of أقلامهِhis pens
وسدَّد أسهمَ أقلامهِ
وضاعفand doubled بالجودthrough generosity سردthe interlinking of الجننprotective armor
وضاعف بالجود سرد الجنن
and aimed the arrows of his pens,
And directing the arrows of his pens
and with generosity doubled the weave of protective armor,
And doubling gifts to flow generosity
وأقبلand advanced فيamid جيشthe army of أفكارهhis thoughts
وأقبل في جيش أفكاره
وقدand already عرَّضتهُhad reviewed it شهودُthe witnesses of الفطنkeen insight
وقد عرَّضتهُ شهودُ الفطن
and advanced amid the army of his thoughts,
And he came in an army of his thoughts
already reviewed by the witnesses of keen insight.
While the witnesses of insight displayed him
لتعلمَso you may learn فيin الملكkingship كيفwhat is the nature of الغناءُeffective service
لتعلمَ في الملك كيف الغناءُ
وتعرفand know فيin الفضلexcellence كيفwhat is the nature of المننfavors
وتعرف في الفضل كيف المنن
So you may learn what worthy service to a kingdom is,
That you may know in the kingdom how singing is
and know what favors in excellence are,
And learn in nobility how favors are
وتبصرَand you may see منfrom كفّهِhis palm واليراعِand the reed-pen
وتبصرَ من كفّهِ واليراعِ
ورقاءa gray dove ساجعةًcooing فيon فننa bough
ورقاء ساجعةً في فنن
and see, from his hand and reed-pen,
And see from his palm and banner
a gray dove cooing on a bough.
Papers pleading in rows
فياso O مبهجيyou who gladden me باختصاصwith special favor دناthat drew near
فيا مبهجي باختصاص دنا
وياand O مزعجيyou who unsettle me بمرادٍwith a desired aim شطنthat grew distant
ويا مزعجي بمرادٍ شطن
O you who gladden me with special favor drawn near,
So O you who gladdened me by special closeness
and unsettle me with a wish far distant,
And O you who saddened me by intended separation
نشرتُI unfolded كتابكyour letter لمَّاwhen فضضتُI broke its seal
نشرتُ كتابك لمَّا فضضتُ
فمثَّلso it conjured ليfor me تبّتاًTibet فيin عدّنAden (possibly Eden)
فمثَّل لي تبّتاً في عدّن
I unfolded your letter when I broke its seal,
I circulated your book when I examined
and it conjured for me Tibet in Aden.
So it portrayed for me repentance in paradise
وقامتand undertook غرائبُthe marvels of إنشائهٍits composition
وقامت غرائبُ إنشائهٍ
بنظمweaving السرورjoy ونسخand erasing الإحنrancors
بنظم السرور ونسخ الإحن
The marvels of its composition set about
And wonders of his writing stood up
weaving joy and erasing rancor.
In prose of bliss and poetry of sighs
فأفصحُthus more eloquent منthan نظمناour verse نثرةُhis prose (reading uncertain)
فأفصحُ من نظمنا نثرةُ
وأرجحُand weightier منthan فهمناour understanding ماwhat وزنhe weighed
وأرجحُ من فهمنا ما وزن
So his prose is more eloquent than our verse,
So his prose is more eloquent than our poetry
and what he weighed is weightier than our understanding.
And his understanding weightier than what we composed
إذِfor الألفاتُthe alif letters كهيفlike the slender forms of القدودfigures
إذِ الألفاتُ كهيف القدود
ونوناتهُand its nūn letters كقسيّlike the bows of العكنbelly-folds
ونوناتهُ كقسيّ العكن
For its alifs are like slender figures,
For his friendships are like imprinted amulets
and its nūns like the bows of belly-folds.
And his letters like Yemeni onyx
وتهزأُand mock ميماتهُits mīm letters بالثغورat mouths
وتهزأُ ميماتهُ بالثغور
وتلكand those العيونُʿayn letters, or eyes بحسنِat the beauty of العينthe eye
وتلك العيونُ بحسنِ العين
Its mīms mock mouths,
While his meems mock the gaps in teeth
and those ʿayns mock the beauty of eyes.
And those eyes by the beauty of eyes
وتخصرُّand grow green (reading uncertain) منهُthrough it أياديthe hands of الندىbounty
وتخصرُّ منهُ أيادي الندى
وتبيضُّand grow white فيهِin it وجوهُthe faces of المننfavors
وتبيضُّ فيهِ وجوهُ المنن
And through it the hands of bounty grow green [reading uncertain],
And his hands pick the fruits of dew
and in it the faces of favors grow white.
And whiten in it the faces of favors
لأرعدindeed it made tremble أعطافَthe flanks of سمرbrown القناlances
لأرعد أعطافَ سمر القنا
وأخجلand it shamed أوجهَthe faces of بيضbright blades of اليمنYemen
وأخجل أوجهَ بيض اليمن
It truly made the flanks of brown lances tremble,
To quake the limbs of slender waisted dark-eyed beauties
and shamed the faces of bright Yemeni blades.
And shame the faces of the fair cheeked Yemeni women
كأنيas though I علقتُclung بذيلto the hem of السّحابthe cloud
كأني علقتُ بذيل السّحاب
أجلyes وحللتُand I settled بركنيat the two flanks of حضنHadan
أجل وحللتُ بركني حضن
As though I had clung to the hem of a cloud—
As if I clung to the train of clouds
yes, and settled at Hadan's two flanks.
Yes, and lodged in the corner of an embrace
فماso whatever شئتَyou wish منof نهرٍa river فيin الوهادِthe lowlands
فما شئتَ من نهرٍ في الوهادِ
وماand whatever شئتَyou wish منof زهرٍflowers فيon القننthe peaks
وما شئتَ من زهرٍ في القنن
Rivers as you wish in the lowlands,
So whatever river in the lowlands you wished for
and flowers as you wish upon the peaks.
And whatever flower in the gardens you wanted
إلاonly بهماwith those two فليكدنيthen let him scheme against me الحسودthe envious man
إلا بهما فليكدني الحسود
جليتI cleared away القذىmotes وغسلتand I washed away الدرنgrime
جليت القذى وغسلت الدرن
With those two alone, let the envious man scheme against me!
With them let the envious waste me
I have cleared the motes and washed away the grime.
I have clarified the motes and washed the pearls
إذاif المجدglory لمnot يقترنis joined بالسماحwith generosity
إذا المجد لم يقترن بالسماح
فماthen not هوit إلاexcept كبعضlike one of المهنthe trades
فما هو إلا كبعض المهن
If glory is not joined with generosity,
For glory when not paired with nobility
it is no more than one of the trades.
Is nothing but like some of the crafts
وكمand how many فيamong البرَّيةmankind منof جاهلِan ignorant man
وكم في البرَّية من جاهلِ
عيّيٍtongue-tied ويحسبُyet he thinks أنthat قدalready فطنhe understood
عيّيٍ ويحسبُ أن قد فطن
How many an ignorant man there is among mankind,
And how many ignorant crude ones in the desert
tongue-tied, yet thinking himself perceptive!
Thinking that they have insight
إذاwhen بكرَrose early الناسpeople للمكرماتfor noble deeds
إذا بكرَ الناس للمكرمات
تخيَّرhe selected أثوابهُhis clothes وأدَّهنand anointed himself with oil
تخيَّر أثوابهُ وأدَّهن
When people rise early for noble deeds,
If people rise early for generous deeds
he selects his clothes and oils himself.
He selects his clothes and perfumes himself
فياليتهُso, if only he وهوwhile he is غالdear بذاكat that price
فياليتهُ وهو غال بذاك
شرىhad bought عرضهُhis honor بأخسّfor the cheapest الثمنprice
شرى عرضهُ بأخسّ الثمن
If only he—dear even at that price—
Oh if only while deluded with that
had bought his honor for the paltriest sum!
He had bought his honor with the cheapest price
وماand not غضبيmy anger طعماًa taste فيin النَّوالbounty
وما غضبي طعماً في النَّوال
ولكنَّهُbut it is غضبٌanger للغبنat injustice
ولكنَّهُ غضبٌ للغبن
My anger is not for a taste of bounty,
And my anger is not enjoyment of bliss
but it is anger at injustice.
Rather it is anger for loss
جهلتُI acted rashly فأظلمَso darkened وجهُthe face of العتابreproach
جهلتُ فأظلمَ وجهُ العتاب
لضيمِat an injustice سرىthat crept in ولهمٍّand at a worry كمنthat lurked
لضيمِ سرى ولهمٍّ كمن
I acted rashly, and the face of reproach darkened
I was ignorant so the face of rebuke darkened
at an injustice that crept in and a worry that lurked.
For the oppression of intimacy and anxiety like a homestead
لدنتyou have indeed adhered بمفترضاتto the obligatory duties of النّدىgenerosity
لدنت بمفترضات النّدى
وكلٍّand all نوافلهِits voluntary offerings والسننand observances
وكلٍّ نوافلهِ والسنن
You have truly adhered to bounty's prescribed duties,
I joke with the affectations of dew
and all its voluntary offerings and observances.
And each his supererogatory and required acts
وقدماًand long ago جرىit flowed لأعثرتَyou surely made stumble الكراthe noble men (continued)
وقدماً جرى لأعثرتَ الكرا
مُcompletion of 'noble men' فماfor never سلكواthey followed مثلَthe like of هذاthis السَّننcourse
مُ فما سلكوا مثلَ هذا السَّنن
It flowed of old; you have indeed made the noble
While my feet have stumbled the vines
men stumble, for they never followed such a course.
So they did not tread a path like this path
فياso O ناشداًseeker of غيرهُsomeone other than him لاmay you not وجدتfind
فيا ناشداً غيرهُ لا وجدت
سوىexcept for مننٍfavors كاذباتfalse in المننgenerosity
سوى مننٍ كاذبات المنن
O seeker of anyone else, may you find nothing
So O you who seeks from others, no! You will only find
save favors whose generosity is false!
Favors lying like the favors
إذاif شمتyou glimpsed ومضthe flash of ندىthe bounty of يوسفٍYusuf
إذا شمت ومض ندى يوسفٍ
أصبتyou found الحياlife-giving rain فنبذتand so you cast away الشَّطنthe rope
أصبت الحيا فنبذت الشَّطن
If you glimpse the flash of Yusuf's bounty,
If you sense a flash of Yusuf’s light
you find life-giving rain and cast the rope away.
You will hit the mark and discard this arrow
وحيدُpeerless علىeminence (reading uncertain) مثلهُhis like لمnever يكنhas existed
وحيدُ على مثلهُ لم يكن
وطنّيand my belief (reading uncertain) بهِabout him أنهُthat he لاdoes not ولنand will not
وطنّي بهِ أنهُ لا ولن
Peerless in eminence—his like has never existed;
Alone in his likeness he has not been
and I believe he has none now, nor ever will.
And my loyalty to him that he will have no equal
Sol 6.1