نَبَّهَتِroused الورقاءُthe gray dove ذاتُpossessing الجناحa wing
نَبَّهَتِ الورقاءُ ذاتُ الجناح
منfrom غفلةthe heedlessness of الصحوsobriety إلىto شربdrinking راحْwine
من غفلة الصحو إلى شرب راحْ
The winged gray dove roused
The graceful doe with wings awoke me
from heedless sobriety to drinking wine—
From my sleepy reverie to have a drink
واللَّيلand the night قدalready أجفلfled in alarm منfrom صبحهits dawn
واللَّيل قد أجفل من صبحه
فأكثرso increased الدِّيكthe rooster عليهat it الصياحthe crowing
فأكثر الدِّيك عليه الصياح
while night had fled in alarm before its dawn,
And the night had darkened since dawn
and the rooster crowed all the more at it—
So the rooster crowed loudly at it
مهفهفslender الأَعطافof flanks منin قدّهhis figure
مهفهف الأَعطاف من قدّه
وطرفهand his gaze الفتَّانbeguiling شاكيfully armed with السلاحweapons
وطرفه الفتَّان شاكي السلاح
a slender-flanked youth, graceful in figure,
Swaying of neck from its tallness
whose beguiling gaze was fully armed.
And its flirty eyes complaining of weapons
فقامَso he rose يسقيهاserves it ويهديand bestows إلىupon
فقامَ يسقيها ويهدي إلى
روحthe spirit of الندامىthe drinking companions بالمدامthrough wine ارتياحrelief
روح الندامى بالمدام ارتياح
So he rose to serve it and bestow upon
So I got up to serve her and dedicate
the spirits of his drinking companions relief through wine.
To the soul of the repentant the comfort of wine
وماand how ألذَّdelicious الرَّاحَthe wine منfrom شادنٍa young gazelle
وما ألذَّ الرَّاحَ من شادنٍ
مهفهفslender القدِّof figure وخودand a maiden رداحfull-hipped
مهفهف القدِّ وخود رداح
How delicious is wine from a young gazelle,
And how delightful is the drink from a singer
slender of figure, and a full-hipped maiden,
Swaying of neck and tender complexion
تستنطقmakes speak العودthe lute لدىat مجلسa gathering
تستنطق العود لدى مجلس
ألسنةthe tongues of الأَوراقthe leaves فيهِin it فِصاحeloquent
ألسنة الأَوراق فيهِ فِصاح
who makes the lute speak at a gathering
Who makes the lute speak in a gathering
where the tongues of leaves are eloquent!
Where leaves' tongues cry out
والوُرقand the gray doves فيamong الأَوراقthe leaves ألحانهاtheir melodies
والوُرق في الأَوراق ألحانها
مطربةenchanting بينbetween الغِناsong والنواحand lamentation
مطربة بين الغِنا والنواح
The gray doves amid the leaves—their melodies
And leaves in leaves, their tunes
are enchanting, between song and lamentation.
Sing between melody and elegy
وربَّand many a يومday كانَwas عيدthe feast of المنىwishes
وربَّ يوم كانَ عيد المنى
نحرتI slaughtered فيهon it الذقthe wineskin (apparent misspelling) نحرas the slaughter of الأَضاحsacrificial beasts
نحرت فيه الذق نحر الأَضاح
Many a day was a feast of wishes,
And many days of celebration I had
on which I slaughtered the wineskin as sacrificial beasts are slain.
When desires were sacrificed
ورحتُand I went on فيin الحبّlove علىin سكرتيmy intoxication
ورحتُ في الحبّ على سكرتي
بالغيِّin waywardness لاnot أُصغيI listen إلىto قولthe words of لاحa reprover
بالغيِّ لا أُصغي إلى قول لاح
I went on in love, still intoxicated,
And in love I lost myself in my intoxication
in waywardness, ignoring a reprover's words.
Not listening to any sober advice
ومنand whoever يلمنيblames me بالهوىfor love قولهhis words
ومن يلمني بالهوى قوله
يمرُّpass بيby me مثلlike هبوبthe blowing of الرِّياحthe winds
يمرُّ بي مثل هبوب الرِّياح
Whoever reproaches me for love—his words
And he who blames me for passion, his words
pass me like the blowing of winds.
Pass me like the blowing winds
فاصطلحso agreed القومthe people علىon أنَّهthe fact that
فاصطلح القوم على أنَّه
ماno بينbetween عذَّاليmy reprovers وبينيand between me اصطلاحagreement
ما بين عذَّالي وبيني اصطلاح
So the people agreed on this:
So people agreed that between my critic
no agreement exists between my reprovers and me.
And me, there is understanding
ياO صاحِfriend ماwhat أنتyou وطيبand the sweetness of الكرىslumber
يا صاحِ ما أنت وطيب الكرى
فبادرso hasten to اللَّذَّاتpleasures بالاصطباحwith morning wine-drinking
فبادر اللَّذَّات بالاصطباح
O friend, what have you to do with sweet slumber?
O friend, who cares for blame or praise
Hasten to pleasures with a morning draught.
So seize the pleasures in the early morn
واشربand drink ولاand do not تصغِheed إلىto قائلٍone who says
واشرب ولا تصغِ إلى قائلٍ
هذاthis حرامforbidden ولهذاand for this one مباحpermitted
هذا حرام ولهذا مباح
Drink, and heed no one who says,
Drink and don't listen to the preacher
"This is forbidden, yet permitted for this one."
Calling this forbidden and that allowed
ماnot وجدfound الرَّاحةease إلاَّexcept امرؤٌa man
ما وجد الرَّاحة إلاَّ امرؤٌ
أعرضturned away عنfrom عاذلهhis reprover واستراحand found rest
أعرض عن عاذله واستراح
None has found ease except the man
None found comfort except one
who turned from his reprover and found rest.
Who ignored the blamer and relaxed
تنفَّسَbreathed الصبحُdawn فقمso rise قائماًstanding upright
تنفَّسَ الصبحُ فقم قائماً
نحوtoward صراحيةa decanter ماءwater; here, wine صراحclear and unmixed
نحو صراحية ماء صراح
Dawn has breathed; rise to your feet
The dawn breathed so rise
toward a decanter of water-clear, unmixed wine.
To a meadow of fresh water
وابتسمand smiled الوردthe rose ودمعand the tears of الحياrain
وابتسم الورد ودمع الحيا
فيon وجنةthe cheek of الوردthe rose وثغرand the mouth of الأقاحthe daisies
في وجنة الورد وثغر الأقاح
The rose has smiled, and the rain's tears lie
And the rose smiled with the tear of life
on the rose's cheek and the daisies' mouth.
On its cheek and lips of buds
فاقطعso sever علاقاتthe bonds of الأسىgrief بالطلىwith thickened wine
فاقطع علاقات الأسى بالطلى
وَصِلْand join بكاساتwith cups of الغدوّmorning الرواحevening
وَصِلْ بكاسات الغدوّ الرواح
Sever the bonds of grief with wine,
So end your ties to the past
and join morning to evening with cups.
And link up cups in the morning breeze
وانفِقand spend نفيسthe precious part of العمرlife فيon قهوةwine
وانفِق نفيس العمر في قهوة
تقضيputs an end علىto الهمّcare قضاءًa decisive ending متاحreadily attainable
تقضي على الهمّ قضاءً متاح
Spend life's precious span on wine
And spend the precious days in a café
that readily puts an end to care,
That eliminates worries completely
مستنشقاًinhaling منهاfrom it عبيرthe perfume of الشذاfragrance
مستنشقاً منها عبير الشذا
تفوحgives off fragrance كالمسكlike musk إذاwhen المسكmusk فاحwafts its scent
تفوح كالمسك إذا المسك فاح
inhaling from it a fragrant perfume;
Inhaling from it the fragrance of aroma
it wafts like musk when musk gives off its scent,
Wafting like musk when musk blows
معwith كلّevery نَدمانٍdrinking companion كبدرlike the full moon of الدجىdarkness
مع كلّ نَدمانٍ كبدر الدجى
ماnot افتضdeflowered بكرthe virgin of الدنthe wine cask إلاَّexcept سفاحin fornication
ما افتض بكر الدن إلاَّ سفاح
with every boon companion like the full moon in darkness,
With every close friend like a full moon
who has deflowered the cask's virgin wine only in fornication.
Not but the youth enjoyed sinfulness
حَيَّhasten علىto الراحwine وقمand rise هاتهاbring it
حَيَّ على الراح وقم هاتها
وقلand say لمنto whoever لاحreproaches الفلاحsuccess الفلاحsuccess
وقل لمن لاح الفلاح الفلاح
Hasten to wine! Rise and bring it,
Come alive with the drink and bring it
and tell the reprover, "Success! Success!"
And say to the winner of joys, joys to you
وَلْتكُand let it be منwith ريقكyour saliva ممزوجةmixed
وَلْتكُ من ريقك ممزوجة
لاnot أشربI drink الراحwine بماءwith water قراحplain and pure
لا أشرب الراح بماء قراح
Let it be mingled with your saliva;
And let your saliva be mixed in it
I do not drink wine with plain water.
I don't drink wine with pure water
ياO أيهاyou الساقيcupbearer الَّذيwhose أثْخَنَتْmade grievously deep
يا أيها الساقي الَّذي أثْخَنَتْ
أحداقهhis pupils فيin القلبthe heart منيof mine الجراحthe wounds
أحداقه في القلب مني الجراح
O cupbearer, whose eyes have deepened
O you, the cupbearer, who has wounded
the wounds in this heart of mine,
My heart with your glances, deep pains
يشكوcomplains إليكto you القلبthe heart منfrom ضعفهits weakness
يشكو إليك القلب من ضعفه
فتورthe languor of عينيكyour two eyes المراضailing الصحاحhealthy
فتور عينيك المراض الصحاح
my heart, in its weakness, complains to you of
The heart complains to you of its weakness
the languor of your eyes, ailing yet sound.
And the languor of your eyes, clear ailments
ماnot خطرoccurred السلوانforgetfulness فيin خاطريmy mind
ما خطر السلوان في خاطري
بلائمٍthrough a reprover فيهin him فساديmy ruin صلاحreform
بلائمٍ فيه فسادي صلاح
Forgetfulness has never crossed my mind
I did not consider blame in counseling him
through a reprover for whom my ruin is reform.
Wherein lies my righteousness and reform
يجدّis earnest بالنصحin counsel فألهوso I make sport بهof him
يجدّ بالنصح فألهو به
وأدفعand I repel الجدّearnestness ببعضwith a little المزاحjesting
وأدفع الجدّ ببعض المزاح
He is earnest in counsel, while I make sport of him,
I joke with him to delight him
and repel earnestness with a little jesting.
And repel seriousness with some humor
منwhoever سرّهdelighted him شيءsomething فماyet nothing سرّنيdelighted me
من سرّه شيء فما سرّني
فيin الدهرall time شيءanything كوجوهlike the faces of الملاحthe beautiful
في الدهر شيء كوجوه الملاح
If something delights another, nothing has delighted me
If something gladdened him, nothing
in all time like the faces of the fair.
Ever gladdened me like faces of beauty
أوor فضحwas exposed الصبُّthe lovesick lover فكمthen how many مغرمan ardent lover
أو فضح الصبُّ فكم مغرم
أسلَمَهdelivered him الحبlove إلىto الافتضاحdisgrace
أسلَمَه الحب إلى الافتضاح
Or if the lovesick man is exposed—how many a lover
Or the morning cup exposed many a lover
has love delivered over to disgrace!
Whom love delivered to disgrace
وماand does not يرىconsider كتمانconcealing سرthe secret of الهوىlove
وما يرى كتمان سر الهوى
منone who كتمconcealed الحبlove زماناًfor a while وباحand revealed it
من كتم الحب زماناً وباح
And he sees no point in hiding love's secret—
And the secret of passion is not seen
the man who hid love awhile, then spoke out.
By one who hid his love for a time, then spoke
إذاwhen وضعتI placed الشعرpoetry فيamong أهلهthose worthy of it
إذا وضعت الشعر في أهله
فليthen I have بزندwith the fire-stick of الافتخارpride اقتراحfree choice
فلي بزند الافتخار اقتراح
When I set poetry among those worthy of it,
When I placed poetry among its people
I may strike pride's fire-stick at will.
Then for me is the glory of excellence
إنّيindeed I أرىsee المنصفthe fair-minded person فيamong أهلهthose worthy of it
إنّي أرى المنصف في أهله
يمدحpraises عبدservant of اللهGod أيّwhat great امتداحpraise
يمدح عبد الله أيّ امتداح
Indeed, I see the fair-minded man among the worthy
I see the fair one among his people
praising Abd Allah with the highest praise.
Praising Abdullah however much praise
قدindeed أثبتestablished الوُدُّaffection بقلبيin my heart لهfor him
قد أثبت الوُدُّ بقلبي له
محبةa love لمnot يمحهاerase it قطever ماحan eraser
محبة لم يمحها قط ماح
Affection has planted in my heart for him
Affection proved in my heart for him
a love no eraser has ever effaced.
A love no deletion could erase
فياso, O رعاهmay He preserve him اللهGod منsuch a ماجدnoble man
فيا رعاه الله من ماجد
طابgrew pleasant بهthrough him المغدىthe morning departure وطابand grew pleasant المراحthe evening return
طاب به المغدى وطاب المراح
May God preserve him—what a noble man!
May God protect him, that glorious one
Through him, the morning departure is sweet, and so is the evening return.
Who scented mornings and evenings with joy
قيّدنيbound me فيin البرّkindness منthrough فضلهhis bounty
قيّدني في البرّ من فضله
فليسso there is no ليfor me عنaway from بابهhis door منany براحdeparture
فليس لي عن بابه من براح
He has bound me with kindness from his bounty,
He restricted me to righteousness by his merit
so there is no leaving his door for me.
I have no escape from his door
أطربI am enraptured إنif شاهدتهI behold him مطرباًgiving delight
أطرب إن شاهدته مطرباً
وماand no علىupon المطربthe giver of delight فيهin it جناحblame
وما على المطرب فيه جناح
I am enraptured when I see him bringing joy,
I rejoice when I see him rejoicing
and the giver of joy bears no blame for it.
And no blame is on the joyous one
ولمand never أزَلْhave I ceased فيin القربcloseness منto وُدِّهhis affection
ولم أزَلْ في القرب من وُدِّه
أقرعI knock بالأفراحwith joys بابthe door of النجاحsuccess
أقرع بالأفراح باب النجاح
I have never ceased, close to his affection,
I never ceased being close to his love
to knock with joy upon the door of success.
Knocking on the door of success with joys
تاللهby God ماnot شِمْتُwatched for lightning لهfrom him بارقاًa lightning flash
تالله ما شِمْتُ له بارقاً
إلاَّexcept ولاحand shone الجودgenerosity منfrom حيثwherever لاحit shone
إلاَّ ولاح الجود من حيث لاح
By God, never have I watched his lightning flash
By God, I sensed no lightning from him
without bounty shining wherever it shone.
Except the generosity flashed where it flashed
يلوحgleams ليto me فيat الحالthe present moment منfrom وجههhis face
يلوح لي في الحال من وجهه
بشرthe cheer of ميامينauspicious signs of الندىgenerosity والسماحand liberality
بشر ميامين الندى والسماح
At once, from his face, there gleams for me
The glad tidings of dew and leniency
the cheer of auspicious generosity and liberality.
Appear to me in his face
يفعلhe does بالأموالwith wealth يومon the day of النَّدىgenerosity
يفعل بالأموال يوم النَّدى
ماwhat تفعلdo الأبطالheroes يومon the day of الكفاحcombat
ما تفعل الأبطال يوم الكفاح
On the day of giving, he does with wealth
He does on days of generosity
what heroes do on the day of combat.
What warriors do on days of struggle
أغرّradiant and noble صافيpure of القلبheart مستبشرrejoicing
أغرّ صافي القلب مستبشر
بالأنسin companionship مرهوبfeared الظباsword-edges والصفاحand sword-blades
بالأنس مرهوب الظبا والصفاح
Radiant, pure of heart, rejoicing
Delighting my pure heart, optimistic
in companionship, yet feared for his sword-edges and blades.
For intimacy, alarmed by deer and quails
قدindeed خصّهfavored him اللهGod وقدand indeed زانهadorned him
قد خصّه الله وقد زانه
برفعةِwith loftiness of القدرrank وخفضand lowering of الجناحthe wing
برفعةِ القدر وخفض الجناح
God has singled him out and adorned him
God singled him out and adorned him
with lofty rank and a lowered wing.
With the loftiness of worth and humility
لاnot يعرفknows الهمَّsorrow سميراًa nighttime companion لهfor him
لا يعرف الهمَّ سميراً له
ولاand not يلاقيهmeets it بغيرwithout انشراحgladness
ولا يلاقيه بغير انشراح
He does not know sorrow as his nightly companion,
He knows no anxiety as a companion
nor meets it without gladness.
Nor meets it but with serenity
لمnot يُبقِleft ليfor me فيin أرَبٍa need بغيةًa wish
لم يُبقِ لي في أرَبٍ بغيةً
ولاnor علىtoward نيلattaining الأمانيhopes اقتراحa request
ولا على نيل الأماني اقتراح
He has left me no unfulfilled desire,
He left me no desire in any need
nor any further request for fulfilling my hopes.
Nor any hopes of wishes to propose
منamong الذينthose who افتخرتtook pride فيهمin them
من الذين افتخرت فيهم
بيضwhite ظباsword-edges of الهندIndia وسمرand brown الرماحspears
بيض ظبا الهند وسمر الرماح
He is one of those in whom take pride
Of those I pride myself on
the white edges of Indian swords and the brown spears.
White deer of India and brown spears
يُصانُis protected منwhoever لاذsought refuge بعلياهمُin their eminence
يُصانُ من لاذ بعلياهمُ
وماand whatever لهمthey own منthrough جودهمtheir generosity مستباحfreely available
وما لهم من جودهم مستباح
Whoever seeks refuge in their eminence is protected,
They are protected when they seek refuge
and what they own is freely available through their bounty.
And nothing of their generosity is violated
لهمtheirs is منof العلياءhigh glory إنْif سوهمواthey are allotted shares
لهم من العلياء إنْ سوهموا
سهمthe share of المعلّىthe Muʿallā arrow منamong سهامthe arrows of القراحthe lottery (apparent misspelling)
سهم المعلّى من سهام القراح
Their portion of high glory, if shares are allotted,
For them is the most high portion
is the Muʿallā's share among the lot-drawing arrows.
Of fate's arrows and time's calamities
محاسنthe beauties of المعروفkindness يبدونهاthey display them
محاسن المعروف يبدونها
وأوجهand the faces of الأيامthe days سودblack قباحugly
وأوجه الأيام سود قباح
They display the beauties of kindness
They show good deeds
while the days' faces are black and ugly,
And faces of days are ugly and shameful
كماjust as استهلّتbegan pouring ديمةa steady rain-cloud أمطرتrained
كما استهلّت ديمة أمطرت
علىupon الرّوابيthe hills قطرهاits raindrops والبطاحand the lowlands
على الرّوابي قطرها والبطاح
as a steady rain-cloud begins to pour
As rain pouring down
its drops over the hills and lowlands.
Watered the hills and lowlands
تشقّcleave يومon the day of الروعterror أيمانُهمtheir right hands
تشقّ يوم الروع أيمانُهم
قلبthe heart of الأعاديthe enemies بصدورwith the points of السلاحweapons
قلب الأعادي بصدور السلاح
On the day of terror, their right hands cleave
Their oaths rend on the fearful day
the foes' hearts with the points of weapons.
The hearts of enemies with the chests of weapons
ترعرعواthey grew فيin حجرthe lap of أمِّthe mother of العلىglory
ترعرعوا في حجر أمِّ العلى
وأرضِعواand were suckled منهاfrom her غريبrare and wondrous اللقاحmilch-camel milk
وأرضِعوا منها غريب اللقاح
They grew in the lap of the mother of glory,
Whoever they inspire with ambition
and were suckled on her wondrous milk.
Aspiring for all goals and wishes
وزاحمواand they jostled الأنجمthe stars فيwith منكبa shoulder
وزاحموا الأنجم في منكب
يزيحdislodges فيamid الأخطارperils ماwhat لاcannot يزاحbe dislodged
يزيح في الأخطار ما لا يزاح
They jostled the stars with a shoulder
No determination bent in their dwellings
that, amid perils, dislodges what cannot be dislodged.
Nor hardened in encountering them
كمhow often قدمواthey advanced للحربto war فيon موطنa battlefield
كم قدموا للحرب في موطن
فقربواso they brought close بينbetween خطاهاits strides الفساحwidely spaced
فقربوا بين خطاها الفساح
How often they advanced to war on a battlefield,
The family of Zuhair, the bright stars
and narrowed the gaps between its wide strides,
In the sky of the highest spheres and leniency
وأرعفوهاand made it bleed منof دماءٍblood دناًa caskful
وأرعفوها من دماءٍ دناً
تمردare laid bare بالطعنby spear-thrusts عيونthe eyes of الجراحwounds
تمرد بالطعن عيون الجراح
and made it spout a caskful of blood,
If they imprison me then by their favor
the eyes of wounds laid bare by spear-thrusts.
Or release me then gentle is the release
أسدlions of الوغىbattle لاmay never زالcease أسيافهمtheir swords
أسد الوغى لا زال أسيافهم
تنحًرُslaughter بالهيجاءin battle كبشthe ram of النطاحbutting
تنحًرُ بالهيجاء كبش النطاح
Lions of battle—may their swords never cease
The qualities of their praise do not cease
to slaughter the butting ram in the fray,
Cloaking my limbs in fine garb
منamong كلّevery منone who تبعثهrouses him همةa lofty resolve
من كلّ من تبعثه همة
تطمحaspires للغاياتto the furthest goals كلall الطماحaspiration
تطمح للغايات كل الطماح
among all those stirred by lofty resolve
that aspires to the furthest goals with the fullest ambition.
لمnot تنبُglanced off فيat مضربهاits striking-place عزمةa firm resolve
لم تنبُ في مضربها عزمة
منهمamong them ولمand not تصلدfail to spark لدىupon الاقتداحstriking fire
منهم ولم تصلد لدى الاقتداح
No firm resolve has ever glanced off its striking-place
among them, nor failed to spark when struck.
آلthe house of زهيرZuhayr الأنجمthe stars الزهرradiant فيin
آل زهير الأنجم الزهر في
سماءِthe sky of أفلاكthe spheres of العلىglory والسماحand largesse
سماءِ أفلاك العلى والسماح
The house of Zuhayr—the radiant stars in
the sky of the spheres of glory and largesse.
إنif أمسكونيthey keep me فبإحسانهمthen through their kindness
إن أمسكوني فبإحسانهم
أوor سرَّحونيthey release me فجميلthen gracious is السراحthe release
أو سرَّحوني فجميل السراح
If they keep me, it is through their kindness;
or if they release me, gracious is the release.
لاmay never برحتcease تكسىbe clothed بأمداحهمin their praises
لا برحت تكسى بأمداحهم
ذاتthe essence of الغوانيthe fair maidens حسنthe beauty of ذاتthe wearer of الوشاحthe sash
ذات الغواني حسن ذات الوشاح
May their praises forever clothe
the essence of the fair maidens in the sash-wearer's beauty.
Partial English translation: 108 of 118 Arabic lines translated.
Sol 6.1