انْظُرlook إلىat الأَشرافthe nobles كيفhow تسودُrule
انْظُر إلى الأَشراف كيف تسودُ
وإلىand at أُباةthose who refuse الضَّيمoppression كيفhow تريدُaspire
وإلى أُباة الضَّيم كيف تريدُ
Look at the nobles, how they rule,
Behold the arrogance how it prevails
And at those who reject oppression, how they aspire.
And the tyranny of injustice how it intends
إذwhen يدَّعيlays claim بالملكto kingship منone who هوhe أهلهworthy of it
إذ يدَّعي بالملك من هو أهله
والحزمand resolve يقضيdecides والسيوفand the swords شهودwitnesses
والحزم يقضي والسيوف شهود
When one worthy of kingship lays claim to it,
When one who is undeserving claims kingship
Resolve decides, and swords bear witness.
And determination judges while swords bear witness
يومthe day ثوىlay فيهon which ثوينيThuwaini فيin الثرىthe earth
يوم ثوى فيه ثويني في الثرى
يومa day بسالمthrough Salim للبريَّةfor humankind عيدa festival
يوم بسالم للبريَّة عيد
The day Thuwaini lay in the earth
The day Thuwaini passed away into the earth
Was, through Salim, a festival for humankind.
The day which to the wilderness was as celebration
ماwhat للذيfor the one who عبدworshipped الصخورrocks منcompared with الَّذيthe one who
ما للذي عبد الصخور من الَّذي
عَبدworshipped الإِلهGod ودينهand his faith التوحيدdivine oneness
عَبد الإِله ودينه التوحيد
What has one who worshipped rocks to do with one
What is with one who worshipped rocks over one
Who worshipped God, whose faith is divine oneness?
Who worshipped God while His oneness was his creed
قلtell للذيthe one who ذمَّdisparaged الإِمامthe imam بشعرهin his verse
قل للذي ذمَّ الإِمام بشعره
قدindeed فاتكeluded you المطلوبthe goal والمقصودand the purpose
قد فاتك المطلوب والمقصود
Tell the one who disparaged the imam in his verse:
Say to one who blamed the Imam with his poetry
Your goal and purpose have eluded you.
You have missed what was sought and intended
ولقدand indeed عميتyou were blind عنto الهُدىguidance فيمنconcerning one who لهfor him
ولقد عميت عن الهُدى فيمن له
نظرٌan eye بغاياتfor the outcomes الأُمورof affairs حديدkeen
نظرٌ بغايات الأُمور حديد
You have indeed been blind to guidance concerning one who has
And you were surely blind to guidance with one who has
A keen eye for the outcomes of affairs.
A gaze piercing the essence of all matters
السَّيّدthe lord السندthe mainstay الرفيعexalted مقامهhis station
السَّيّد السند الرفيع مقامه
ومقامهand his station الممدوحlauded والمحمودand praised
ومقامه الممدوح والمحمود
The lord, the mainstay, whose station is exalted,
The noble master lofty in station
And whose station is lauded and praised.
And his station is the one praised and lauded
أنَّىhow تحقّرyou belittle بالفهاهةwith foolish babble سيِّداًa lord
أنَّى تحقّر بالفهاهة سيِّداً
منamong حقّهhis rights التعظيمreverence والتمجيدand glorification
من حقّه التعظيم والتمجيد
How can you, through foolish babble, belittle a lord
How can you belittle with foolishness a master
Whose due is reverence and glorification?
Whose right is veneration and extolment
سخطwas angered الحسودthe envious man بماat that which بهwith it منfrom سالمSalim
سخط الحسود بما به من سالم
رضيwas pleased الإِلهGod الواحدthe One المعبودthe worshipped one
رضي الإِله الواحد المعبود
The envious man resented that in Salim
The envy of haters for what he has of well-being
With which God, the One worshipped, was pleased.
While the One God is pleased, the One worshipped
منwhoever لامblamed سالمSalim فيconcerning أبيهhis father فلومهthen his blame
من لام سالم في أبيه فلومه
حُمْقٌfolly لعمريby my life ماno عليهbeyond it مزيدaddition
حُمْقٌ لعمري ما عليه مزيد
Whoever blamed Salim concerning his father—his blame
Whoever blamed Salim regarding his father, blame him
Is folly, by my life, that cannot be exceeded.
Folly! By my life, he has no increase
ماnot عَقَّwas undutiful to والِدَهhis father ولاnor صدقspoke truth الَّذيthe one who
ما عَقَّ والِدَه ولا صدق الَّذي
نَسَبَascribed العقوقَfilial disobedience إليهto him وهوand he is جحودa wilful denier
نَسَبَ العقوقَ إليه وهو جحود
He was not undutiful to his father, nor did the man speak truth
He did not disobey his father nor was truthful he who
Who ascribed filial disobedience to him; he is a wilful denier.
Attributed disobedience to him, and it is denial
وافىcame to ثوينيThuwaini فيin الفراشِthe bed حمامُهhis death
وافى ثويني في الفراشِ حمامُه
وأتىand came عليهupon him يومُهhis day الموعودappointed
وأتى عليه يومُه الموعود
Death came to Thuwaini in bed,
Thuwaini met his fate on his deathbed
And his appointed day overtook him.
And his promised day came upon him
هذاthis قضاءdecree اللهof God جلَّexalted is جلالهHis majesty
هذا قضاء الله جلَّ جلاله
لاneither والدٌparent يبقىendures ولاnor مولودchild
لا والدٌ يبقى ولا مولود
This is God's decree—exalted be His majesty.
This is the decree of Allah, exalted is His majesty
Neither parent nor child endures.
No father remains, nor newborn
رأيa judgment رأىsaw فيهin it الإِصابةrightness سالمٌSalim
رأي رأى فيه الإِصابة سالمٌ
باللهby God أُقسِمُI swear إنَّهit is indeed لسديدsurely sound
بالله أُقسِمُ إنَّه لسديد
A judgment in which Salim saw the right course—
Salim saw in it a view of correctness
By God, I swear it is indeed sound.
By Allah I swear it was judicious
فلمand not يصحّbe valid الاجتهادindependent judgment بعلمهthrough his knowledge
فلم يصحّ الاجتهاد بعلمه
فيin شأنهhis affairs ولغيرهand for others التقليدfollowing authority
في شأنه ولغيره التقليد
Yet independent judgment based on his knowledge was not deemed valid
So exegesis did not go right with his knowledge
In his own affairs, while others might follow authority.
Regarding his matter nor others' emulation
لماwhen تيقَّظawoke عزمهhis resolve منfrom غفلةٍheedlessness
لما تيقَّظ عزمه من غفلةٍ
فيهاin it عقولminds الجاهلينof the ignorant رقودasleep
فيها عقول الجاهلين رقود
When his resolve awoke from a heedlessness
When his determination awoke from heedlessness
In which the minds of the ignorant lay asleep,
In which the minds of the ignorant slumber
وأرابهand alarmed him أمرٌa matter يعمُّspreads everywhere وبالُهits harm
وأرابه أمرٌ يعمُّ وبالُه
وعلىand upon عمانOman بماwith what يسوءdistresses يعودreturns
وعلى عمان بما يسوء يعود
And a matter alarmed him whose harm was widespread
And an affair disturbed him and his concerns
And would bring distress back upon Oman,
That would be detrimental to Oman and recur
وَليَtook charge of الأُمورaffairs بنفسهhimself فتصَرَّمَتْand so ended
وَليَ الأُمور بنفسه فتصَرَّمَتْ
تلكthose الحوادثcalamities والخطوبand misfortunes السودdark
تلك الحوادث والخطوب السود
He took charge of affairs himself, and thus ceased
He took charge of affairs with his own self so those
Those calamities and dark misfortunes.
Calamities and tribulations were deterred
وأقرَّand steadied هاتيكthose الممالكrealms بعدماafter
وأقرَّ هاتيك الممالك بعدما
كادتalmost تمورheave بأهلهاwith their inhabitants وتميدand sway
كادت تمور بأهلها وتميد
And he steadied those realms after
And he settled those realms after they
They had almost heaved and swayed with their people.
Nearly collapsed with their people and swayed
ولقدand indeed حماهاhe protected them بالصوارمwith keen swords والقناand spears
ولقد حماها بالصوارم والقنا
فعمانso Oman غيلa thicket والرجالand the men أُسُودlions
فعمان غيل والرجال أُسُود
Indeed, he protected them with keen swords and spears;
He protected them with swords and spears
So Oman is a thicket, and its men are lions.
So Oman became strong and the men mighty lions
لاno خيرgood فيin ملكkingship إذاif لمnot يحمهdefend it
لا خير في ملك إذا لم يحمه
بأسmight يذوبmelts لهbefore it الحديدiron شديدfierce
بأس يذوب له الحديد شديد
There is no good in kingship unless it is defended
No good is in a kingdom if not protected
By fierce might before which iron melts.
By valor making iron melt, severe
تردcome to الطغاةthe tyrants الحتفdeath منfrom صمصامهhis keen sword
ترد الطغاة الحتف من صمصامه
هذاthis ومنهلand the watering-place جودهof his bounty مورودfrequented
هذا ومنهل جوده مورود
Tyrants meet death through his keen sword;
The tyrants meet their doom from his sword’s edge
Such is he; the watering-place of his bounty is frequented.
This, while his spring of generosity flows
مهdesist ياO عذولreproacher مفنّداًfinding fault منfrom جهلهhis ignorance
مه يا عذول مفنّداً من جهله
ماذاwhat يفيدavails العذلreproach والتفنيدand disparagement
ماذا يفيد العذل والتفنيد
Desist, O reproacher who finds fault through ignorance!
What benefit is foolish censure and refutation?
What use are reproach and disparagement?
Refuting ignorance is futile
ولقدand indeed قضىfulfilled نحباًa mortal term أبُوهhis father وقدand indeed مضىpassed away
ولقد قضى نحباً أبُوه وقد مضى
ماno لامرئٍfor any person فيin الكائناتcreation خلودimmortality
ما لامرئٍ في الكائنات خلود
His father indeed fulfilled his mortal term and passed away;
His father met his fate and passed away
No one in all creation has immortality.
No mortal in existence has permanence
خيرbetter منthan المفقودthe lost one عندat وفاتهhis death
خير من المفقود عند وفاته
هذاthis الإِمامthe imam السالمsafe الموجودpresent
هذا الإِمام السالم الموجود
Better than the departed at his death
Better than the one lost at his passing
Is this imam, safe and present.
Is this Imam, Salim, who still exists
أبقىpreserved لهfor him الذكرremembrance الحميدpraiseworthy فصيتهso his renown
أبقى له الذكر الحميد فصيته
قدmay يخلقwear out الأَعمارlifetimes وهوwhile it is جديدnew
قد يخلق الأَعمار وهو جديد
He preserved a praiseworthy remembrance for him; his renown
Leaving for him praiseworthy memory, his reputation
May wear out lifetimes, while itself staying new.
Can revive eras, while it is ever new
سفهاًfolly لهنديّfor an Indian أرادintended بنصحهthrough his counsel
سفهاً لهنديّ أراد بنصحه
غِشًّاdeceit وكلّand all مقالهhis words مردودrejected
غِشًّا وكلّ مقاله مردود
What folly in an Indian who intended, through his counsel,
Foolish is the Indian who wished with his advice
Deceit—and all his words are rejected.
Deceit, while all his words are refuted
نظمcomposed القريضverse ليستميلto sway قلوبناour hearts
نظم القريض ليستميل قلوبنا
عنهaway from him وذاكand that منfrom المريدthe aspirant بعيدfar
عنه وذاك من المريد بعيد
He composed verse to sway our hearts
Composing poetry to win our hearts
Away from him; that is far beyond the aspirant's reach.
From him, though that is far from the intent
خَفِيَتْwere hidden علىfrom فهمunderstanding البغيّof the transgressor مقاصدpurposes
خَفِيَتْ على فهم البغيّ مقاصد
فيهاwithin it وماand no عرفgrasped المرامthe aim بليدdullard
فيها وما عرف المرام بليد
Hidden from the transgressor's understanding were purposes
Hidden from the understanding of the rebel were the goals
Within it; no dullard grasped the aim.
In them, and the slow-witted knew not the purpose
متوعدthreatening الإِسلامIslam منfrom أعدائهits enemies
متوعد الإِسلام من أعدائه
ماwhat ضمنهhe filled it with التقريعrebuke والتهديدand threats
ما ضمنه التقريع والتهديد
A threat to Islam from its enemies
Threatening Islam from its enemies
Is what he filled with rebuke and threats,
What he guaranteed in rebuke and intimidation
ليكيدto scheme against فيهاtherein المسلمينthe Muslims بخدعةwith a trick
ليكيد فيها المسلمين بخدعة
لاnot يعرفknows الشيطانSatan كيفhow يكيدto scheme
لا يعرف الشيطان كيف يكيد
To scheme therein against the Muslims with a trick
In order to deceive the Muslims with a trick
That even Satan knows not how to contrive.
The devil knows not how he shall scheme
ليستis not عمانOman ولاnor صحارSohar ومسقطand Muscat
ليست عمان ولا صحار ومسقط
هنداًIndia ولاnor العربthe Arabs الكرامnoble هنودIndians
هنداً ولا العرب الكرام هنود
Neither Oman nor Sohar nor Muscat
Oman, Sahar and Muscat are neither India
Is India; nor are the noble Arabs Indians.
Nor are the noble Arabs Hindus
لوif تقربapproached الأَعداءُthe enemies منهاnear it لاصطلتthey would be scorched
لو تقرب الأَعداءُ منها لاصطلت
ناراًa fire لهاfor it فيamong الملحدينthe godless وقودfuel
ناراً لها في الملحدين وقود
Were enemies to approach it, they would be scorched
If enemies drew near them, their swords would ignite
In a fire whose fuel is found among the godless.
A fire fueled for the atheists
وإمامand the imam مسقطof Muscat لاnot يروعfrighten جنابهhis august person
وإمام مسقط لا يروع جنابه
عندat اللّقاءthe encounter بوارقlightning flashes ووعودand promises
عند اللّقاء بوارق ووعود
And Muscat's imam is not struck with fear
The Imam of Muscat, his side is not cowed
At the encounter by lightning flashes and promises.
By parchments and promises when meeting
قدindeed بايعتهpledged allegiance to him علىover عمانOman رجالهhis men
قد بايعته على عمان رجاله
أكْرِمْhow noble بهمthey are فهمُfor they are الرجالthe men الصيدof proud bearing
أكْرِمْ بهم فهمُ الرجال الصيد
His men have pledged allegiance to him over Oman.
The men of Oman pledged allegiance to him
How noble they are! They are men of proud bearing.
Honor them, for they are the gallant lions
ووراءهand behind him ملكthe king الملوكof kings جميعهاall of them
ووراءه ملك الملوك جميعها
عبدservant of العزيزthe Mighty وظلُّهand his shade الممدودoutstretched
عبد العزيز وظلُّه الممدود
And behind him stands the king of all kings,
And behind him is the King of all Kings
Abd al-Aziz, and his outstretched shade.
Abdulaziz, extended is his shade
ملكa king يقومstands بنصرهin his support فتمدّهso they reinforce him
ملك يقوم بنصره فتمدّه
أنَّىwherever يشاءhe wishes عساكرarmies وجنودand troops
أنَّى يشاء عساكر وجنود
A king who stands in his support; he is reinforced
A king who gives victory, so supplies him
Wherever he wishes by armies and troops.
Wherever he wishes, with troops and soldiers
ووراءand behind ذلكthat أُمَّةa nation عربيَّةArab
ووراء ذلك أُمَّة عربيَّة
الدِّينfaith فيهاin it والتقىand piety والجودand generosity
الدِّين فيها والتقى والجود
And behind that stands an Arab nation,
And behind that an Arab nation
In which are faith, piety, and generosity.
In whom is religion, piety and generosity
منwhoever كانَhas عبدservant of اللهGod منamong أنصارهhis supporters
من كانَ عبد الله من أنصاره
آلHouse of السعودSaud فإنهthen he is لسعيدsurely fortunate
آل السعود فإنه لسعيد
Whoever has among his supporters Abd Allah
Whoever is slave to God among his supporters
Of the House of Saud is surely fortunate.
The Sauds, he is indeed fortunate
واللهand God خيرthe best الناصرينof helpers ولمand never يكنhas there been
والله خير الناصرين ولم يكن
إلاَّexcept لديهwith Him النصرvictory والتأكيدand assurance
إلاَّ لديه النصر والتأكيد
And God is the best of helpers; never has there been
And Allah is best of those who bring victory and has not
Victory and assurance except with Him.
Been except with Him victory and affirmation
Sol 6.1