بارقٌa lightning flash لاحgleamed فأبكانيso it made me weep ابتساماa smile
بارقٌ لاح فأبكاني ابتساما
نبَّهroused الشَّوقُlonging منfrom الصبِّthe lovesick lover وناماand slept
نبَّه الشَّوقُ من الصبِّ وناما
A lightning flash gleamed; its smile made me weep.
A flash of lightning made me smile through tears
It roused the lovesick lover's longing, then slept.
Longing awakened me from sleep
ولمنand to whom أشكوI complain علىamid برحthe torment of الهوىlove
ولمن أشكو على برح الهوى
كبداًa liver حرَّىburning وقلباًand a heart مستهاماcrazed with love
كبداً حرَّى وقلباً مستهاما
To whom can I complain, amid love's torment,
To whom can I complain of the agony of passion?
of a burning liver and a heart crazed with love?
A burning liver, a flaming heart
ويحalas for قلبٍa heart لَعِبَtoyed الوجدpassion بهwith it
ويح قلبٍ لَعِبَ الوجد به
ورمتهand shot it أعينeyes الغيدgraceful beauties سهاماarrows
ورمته أعين الغيد سهاما
Alas for a heart that passion has toyed with,
Woe to a heart toyed with by ecstasy
and graceful beauties' eyes have shot with arrows.
And pierced by the arrows of love
دنفlovesick لولاwere it not for تباريحthe agonies of الجوىinward yearning
دنف لولا تباريح الجوى
وماand not شكاcomplained منfrom صحَّةthe health of الوجدpassion سقاماillness
وما شكا من صحَّة الوجد سقاما
He is wasted—were it not for yearning's torments,
Were it not for the wounds of longing
he would not have complained of sickness from passion's vigor.
And not feeling well from the pain of passion
ماnot بكىwept إلاَّexcept that جرتْflowed أدمُعُهhis tears
ما بكى إلاَّ جرتْ أدمُعُه
فوقover خدَّيهhis two cheeks سفوحاًpouring وانسجاماand streaming
فوق خدَّيه سفوحاً وانسجاما
He never weeps without his tears running
It would not have wept, its tears flowing
over both his cheeks, pouring and streaming.
Down its cheeks in streams
وبماand with what يسفحhe pours منof عبرتهhis tears
وبما يسفح من عبرته
بلَّwetted كمّيهhis two sleeves وماand did not بلَّquench أواماthirst
بلَّ كمّيه وما بلَّ أواما
And with the tears he pours,
With what it sheds in sadness
he wets both sleeves but does not quench his thirst.
It washed me, though it did not wash completely
ففؤاديso my heart والجوىand inward yearning فيin صبوتيmy infatuation
ففؤادي والجوى في صبوتي
لاnot يَمَلاَّنthey both tire جدالاًof argument وخصاماand quarrelling
لا يَمَلاَّن جدالاً وخصاما
Thus my heart and inward yearning, in my infatuation,
So my heart and love in my youth
never tire of argument and quarrelling.
Will never cease to argue and quarrel
ليتَwould that منthose who قدhave حرمواthey denied طيبthe sweetness of الكرىslumber
ليتَ من قد حرموا طيب الكرى
أذنواthey permitted يوماًone day لعينيfor my eyes أنto تناماboth sleep
أذنوا يوماً لعيني أن تناما
Would that those who denied me sweet slumber
If only those who denied the sweet company
would one day allow my eyes to sleep.
Would listen one day to my eyes wanting to sleep
مَنَعوناthey prevented us أنto نراهمwe see them يقظةwhile awake
مَنَعونا أن نراهم يقظة
ماwhat عليهمupon them لوif رأيناهمwe saw them مناماin a dream
ما عليهم لو رأيناهم مناما
They forbade us to see them while awake;
They prevented us from seeing them awake
what harm would it do them if we saw them in dreams?
What would be wrong if we saw them in a dream
قَسَماًan oath بالحبِّby love واللّومand reproach وإنْand although
قَسَماً بالحبِّ واللّوم وإنْ
كنتُI was لاnot أسمعI hear فيin الحبِّlove ملاماreproach
كنتُ لا أسمع في الحبِّ ملاما
I swear by love and reproach, although
By love, blame, though
I heed no reproach where love is concerned,
I do not hear blame in love
والعيونand the eyes البابليَّاتBabylonian الَّتيwhich
والعيون البابليَّات الَّتي
ماnot أحلَّتmade lawful منof دميmy blood إلاَّexcept حراماwhat was forbidden
ما أحلَّت من دمي إلاَّ حراما
and by those Babylonian eyes which
By those mesmerizing eyes
made lawful only the forbidden shedding of my blood,
That declared my blood forbidden
وفؤادٌand a heart كلَّماwhenever قلتI said استفقcome to your senses
وفؤادٌ كلَّما قلت استفق
ياO فؤاديmy heart مرَّةًonce زادَincreased هياماin love-madness
يا فؤادي مرَّةً زادَ هياما
and by a heart that, whenever I say, “Awake,
And a heart that whenever I say "awaken, my heart"
my heart, for once!” grows yet more crazed with love:
Becomes more inflamed
إنَّindeed ليI have فيكمfor you ومنكمand from you لوعةًburning grief
إنَّ لي فيكم ومنكم لوعةً
أنْحَلَتْmade thin بلnay أوْهَنَتْweakened منِّيof me العظاماthe bones
أنْحَلَتْ بل أوْهَنَتْ منِّي العظاما
I have, for you and because of you, a burning grief
You have caused me such agony
that has wasted—nay, weakened—my bones.
My bones have melted, rather crumbled
وعليكمand for you عبرتيmy tears مهراقةpoured out
وعليكم عبرتي مهراقة
كلَّماwhenever ناوحتI exchanged laments with فيin الأَيكthe thicket حماماdoves
كلَّما ناوحت في الأَيك حماما
And for you my tears are shed
My tears pouring over you
whenever I exchange laments with doves in the thicket.
Whenever I moan in the corners
ومتىand whenever يذكرُكمmentions you ليto me ذاكرٌone who mentions
ومتى يذكرُكم لي ذاكرٌ
قعدَsat down القلبthe heart لذكراكمat your remembrance وقاماand rose
قعدَ القلب لذكراكم وقاما
Whenever someone speaks of you to me,
And when one reminds me of you
my heart sits down and rises at your remembrance.
The heart sits remembering you and stands
ياO خليليَّmy two friends ومنand who ليfor me أنْto أرىI see
يا خليليَّ ومن لي أنْ أرى
بعدafter ذلكthat الصَّدعrupture للشَّملfor the company التئاماreunion
بعد ذلك الصَّدع للشَّمل التئاما
O my two friends, who can let me see,
Oh my friend, who can I see
after that rupture, our company reunited?
After that rift, to mend the bond
أحسِبI count العامَthe year لديكمwith you ساعةًan hour
أحسِب العامَ لديكم ساعةً
وأرىand I see بَعْدَكمafter you السَّاعةthe hour عاماa year
وأرى بَعْدَكم السَّاعة عاما
I count a year with you as an hour,
I count the year with you as an hour
and after you are gone, an hour seems a year.
And without you, I see the hour as a year
لمnot يدمْendured عيشٌa life لناfor us فيin ظلِّكمyour shade
لم يدمْ عيشٌ لنا في ظلِّكم
أيّwhat عيشlife قبلهbefore it كانَexisted فداماthen endured
أيّ عيش قبله كانَ فداما
Our life in your shade did not endure;
The life we lived under your shade was short
what life before it ever endured?
What life before was it that lasted?
حيثwhere سالمناwe made peace with علىon terms of القربnearness النوىseparation
حيث سالمنا على القرب النوى
وأخذناand we took العهدthe covenant منهاfrom it والذماماand the pledge
وأخذنا العهد منها والذماما
Where we made peace with separation on terms of nearness,
When we bid farewell to the beloved land
and took from it a covenant and a pledge.
And took the covenant and pledge from it
ورضعناand we suckled منfrom أفاويقsuccessive draughts الطلاwine
ورضعنا من أفاويق الطلا
وكرهناand we hated بعدafter عامينtwo years الفطاماweaning
وكرهنا بعد عامين الفطاما
And we suckled on successive draughts of wine,
And we suckled from cups of sweet wine
and after two years hated being weaned.
Yet after two years, we hated weaning
أترىdo you think أنَّthat الهوىlove ذاكthat same الهوىlove
أترى أنَّ الهوى ذاك الهوى
والندامىand the drinking companions بعدناafter us تلكthose الندامىdrinking companions
والندامى بعدنا تلك الندامى
Do you think love is still that same love,
Do you think that love and those regrets
and the drinking companions, after us, those same companions?
Whenever the breeze blows, I say "O breeze
كلَّماwhenever هبَّتblew صباan east wind قلتُI said لهاto it
كلَّما هبَّت صبا قلتُ لها
بلِّغيهمconvey to them ياO صباeast wind of نجدNajd السَّلاماgreetings
بلِّغيهم يا صبا نجد السَّلاما
Whenever an east wind blows, I tell it:
Convey to them the greetings of Nejd"
“Carry my greetings to them, O east wind of Najd.”
While within me is an unjust soul
وبنفسيand my life as ransom ظالمٌa tyrant لاnot يتَّقيguards against
وبنفسي ظالمٌ لا يتَّقي
حوبةthe sin against المضنىthe wasted lover ولاnor يخشىfears أثاماpunishment for sin
حوبة المضنى ولا يخشى أثاما
My life would ransom a tyrant who does not shun
That does not fear the sin of agony
the sin of wronging the wasted lover, nor fear its punishment.
He who is infatuated with it does not judge fairly
ماnot قضىfulfilled حقًّاa due لمفتونfor one bewitched بهby him
ما قضى حقًّا لمفتون به
ربَّماperhaps يقضيhe fulfills وماand not يقضيhe fulfills مراماa desire
ربَّما يقضي وما يقضي مراما
He has never honored the right of one bewitched by him;
Though he may judge, it is not what he wants
perhaps he will, yet he fulfills no desire.
If I was offered a drink, I would not find
لوif ترشَّفتُI sipped لماهhis dark lips لمnot أجدI find
لو ترشَّفتُ لماه لم أجد
فيin الحشاthe breast ناراًa fire ولوand even if هبَّتit flared ضراماinto a blaze
في الحشا ناراً ولو هبَّت ضراما
Had I sipped his dusky lips, I would not have found
In gifts a fire, even if sparks flew
a fire in my breast, even if it flared into a blaze.
And I would extinguish the burning agony of love
ولأطفأتand I would have quenched لظىthe blaze of نارthe fire of الجوىyearning
ولأطفأت لظى نار الجوى
ولعفتand I would have spurned الماءwater عذباًsweet والمداماand wine
ولعفت الماء عذباً والمداما
I would have quenched the blaze of yearning's fire,
And make the water fresh and sweet
and spurned both sweet water and wine.
How difficult it was to pass by agitated
شدَّhow intensely ماemphatic particle مرَّbecame bitter جفاًcruelty مستعذبdeemed sweet
شدَّ ما مرَّ جفاً مستعذب
منof عذابيmy torment فيهfor him ماwhat كانَhad been غراماardent love
من عذابي فيه ما كانَ غراما
How bitter the cruelty once savored has grown,
From my torment in it, which was passion
in my torment for him, in what had been ardent love!
I would not be given the water of life to drink
لاnot سُقيتنَّmay you be watered الحياrain منof إِبلٍcamels
لا سُقيتنَّ الحيا من إِبلٍ
تقطعcross البيدthe deserts بطاحاًplains وآكاماand hills
تقطع البيد بطاحاً وآكاما
May you never be watered by rain, you camels
From she-camels that traverse the desert sands
that cross the deserts, their plains and hills.
Those precious hands cast them
قذفتهاhurled them بالنوىinto separation أيديthe hands of السّرىnight travel
قذفتها بالنوى أيدي السّرى
فيin مواميهاits trackless wastes عراقاًIraq وشآماand al-Sham
في مواميها عراقاً وشآما
The hands of night travel hurled them into separation
Among their waves, Iraq and Syria
through its trackless wastes, toward Iraq and al-Sham.
And the arrows of separation struck them
ورمتهاand shot them أسهمthe arrows of البينseparation فمنso how many
ورمتها أسهم البين فمن
مُهَجٍhearts تُرمىare shot وعيسٍand pale camels تترامىrace onward
مُهَجٍ تُرمى وعيسٍ تترامى
The arrows of parting struck them: how many
From a loved one they are thrown, and from one parted, they are tossed
hearts are shot, and pale camels race onward!
And we have tested people in their states
وقدand indeed بلوناwe tested النَّاسpeople فيin أحوالهاtheir circumstances
وقد بلونا النَّاس في أحوالها
وعرفناهمand we knew them كراماًnoble ولئاماand base
وعرفناهم كراماً ولئاما
We have tested people in their various circumstances,
And recognized them as generous and vile
and known them as noble and base.
And we drank them fresh pure wine
وشربناهمand we drank them نميراًpure water سائغاًpalatable
وشربناهم نميراً سائغاً
وزعافاًand deadly poison وأكلناهمand we ate them طعاماas food
وزعافاً وأكلناهم طعاما
We have drunk them as pure, palatable water,
And muddy, and we ate their food
and deadly poison, and eaten them as food.
So it’s impossible to see an eye that saw
فمحالٌso it is impossible أنthat ترىshould see عينٌan eye رأتhas seen
فمحالٌ أن ترى عينٌ رأت
كحسامlike Husam الدِّينal-Din للدِّينfor the faith حساماa sword
كحسام الدِّين للدِّين حساما
So no eye that has seen could ever behold
Swords of the faith, swords for the faith
a sword for the faith like Husam al-Din.
If you unsheathe against time a hand
إنْif تجرِّدهunsheathes him علىagainst الدهرTime يدٌa hand
إنْ تجرِّده على الدهر يدٌ
فَلَقَتْcleaved منof خطبهits calamities هاماًheads فهاماthen more heads
فَلَقَتْ من خطبه هاماً فهاما
If a hand unsheathes him against Time,
It meets necks and meets skulls
it cleaves the heads of its calamities, head after head.
Of God's swords, you do not see in its sharp edge
منamong سيوفthe swords of اللهGod لاnot تبصرyou see فيin
من سيوف الله لا تبصر في
حدِّهhis edge الماضيkeen فلولاًnicks وانثلاماand chipping
حدِّه الماضي فلولاً وانثلاما
One of God's swords—you will not see in
Retreat or wear
his keen edge any nicks or chipping.
God deposited within it a gem
جوهرan essence أودَعَهُdeposited it اللهGod بهin him
جوهر أودَعَهُ الله به
لمnot يكنwas يقبلaccepting فيamong people النَّاسdivision انقساماdivision
لم يكن يقبل في النَّاس انقساما
An essence God placed within him
That would not split among people
would not admit division among mankind.
I looked at it more beautifully
نظرتsaw عينايmy two eyes منهin him أروعاًan awe-inspiring man
نظرت عيناي منه أروعاً
طيبnoble العنصرin lineage والقرمand the chief الهماماvaliant
طيب العنصر والقرم الهماما
My eyes have seen in him an awe-inspiring man,
Of goodly origin and determination resolute
noble in origin, a valiant chief,
From generous nobles created
منfrom كرامٍnoble men سادةٍlords لمnot يُخلَقواwere created
من كرامٍ سادةٍ لم يُخلَقوا
بينamong أشرافthe nobility of الورىmankind إلاَّexcept كراماnoble
بين أشراف الورى إلاَّ كراما
from noble lords who were not created
Among the elite of the world only as generous
among the world's highborn save as noble men.
So gentle that your origin of gentleness
رقَّgrew gentle حتَّىuntil خِلْتَهI thought him منfrom رقَّةgentleness
رقَّ حتَّى خِلْتَه من رقَّة
أرجthe fragrance of الشِّيحwormwood وأنفاسand the breaths of الخزامىlavender
أرج الشِّيح وأنفاس الخزامى
He grew so gentle that, for sheer gentleness, I thought him
Is rarer than old wine and the breath of young women
the fragrance of wormwood and the breath of lavender,
Or like the morning breeze blowing in a garden
أوor كماas هبَّتblew صباan east wind فيin روضةٍa garden
أو كما هبَّت صبا في روضةٍ
تنبتgrows الرندlaurel صباحاًin the morning والثماماand thumam grass
تنبت الرند صباحاً والثماما
or like an east wind blowing through a garden
Where basil grows in the morning and thyme
where laurel and thumam grass sprout in the morning.
Steadfast in his ideas
ثابتُsteadfast الفكرةin thought فيin آرائهhis judgments
ثابتُ الفكرة في آرائه
يظهرreveals الصّبحthe dawn كماas يخفيconceals الظَّلاماthe darkness
يظهر الصّبح كما يخفي الظَّلاما
Steadfast in thought and in his judgments,
Dawn appears as darkness disappears
he reveals the dawn as he conceals the darkness.
And when he straightens the crooked
وإذاand when ماemphatic particle قوَّمstraightens المعوجّwhat is crooked فيin
وإذا ما قوَّم المعوجّ في
رأيهhis judgment العاليlofty منof الأَمرthe affair استقاماbecame straight
رأيه العالي من الأَمر استقاما
Whenever he straightens what is crooked through
In his lofty opinion, it is upright
his lofty judgment in an affair, it stands straight.
A day when white swords are unsheathed from their scabbards
يومthe day تعرىare bared البيضthe white blades منfrom أغمادهاtheir scabbards
يوم تعرى البيض من أغمادها
وبهand through him يكسيclothes الفريقينthe two sides القتاماbattle-dust
وبه يكسي الفريقين القتاما
On the day white blades are bared from their scabbards,
With them he clothes both fighters in darkness
and through him both sides are cloaked in battle-dust,
In a day as black as pitch darkness
فيin نهارٍa day مثلlike مسودّthe blackest الدُّجىnight's darkness
في نهارٍ مثل مسودّ الدُّجى
تلبسwears الشَّمسthe sun منof النَّقعdust لثاماa veil
تلبس الشَّمس من النَّقع لثاما
in a day like the blackest night,
The sun wears a black garment
the sun wears a veil of dust.
And when the club shines with him
وإذاand when ماemphatic particle أشرقshone النَّاديthe gathering بهwith him
وإذا ما أشرق النَّادي به
أشرقshone النَّاديthe gathering بهwith him بدراًas a full moon تماماperfect
أشرق النَّادي به بدراً تماما
Whenever the assembly shines with his presence,
The club shines with the full moon through him
the assembly shines with him, a perfect full moon.
No resident of times past hosted a neighbor
لمnot يضِمهoppressed him منof زمانTime طارقa visiting calamity
لم يضِمه من زمان طارق
عزّwas mighty جاراًas a neighbor وجواراًand in protection أنْto يضاماbe oppressed
عزّ جاراً وجواراً أنْ يضاما
No visiting calamity of Time has oppressed him;
Dearer than he hosted, so they embraced
too mighty, as neighbor and protector, to be oppressed.
We found his covenant in his affection
قدindeed وَجدناwe found عهدهhis covenant فيin ودّهhis affection الthe
قد وَجدنا عهده في ودّه ال
عروةhandhold الوثقىfirmest فقلناso we said لاno انفصاماbreaking apart
عروة الوثقى فقلنا لا انفصاما
We have found his pledge of affection to be the
An unbreakable bond, so we said no separation
firmest handhold, and said, “It shall not break.”
He brought people together and so sufficed
شملembraced النَّاسthe people فأغنىand enriched بِرُّهhis kindness
شمل النَّاس فأغنى بِرُّه
وكذاand likewise البحرthe sea إذاwhen البحرthe sea تطامىswelled
وكذا البحر إذا البحر تطامى
He embraced the people, and his kindness enriched them;
Just as the sea, when the sea surges
and so does the sea when the sea swells.
By my father you are, O Majid
بأبيmy father as ransom أنتَyou وأُميand my mother ماجدa noble man
بأبي أنتَ وأُمي ماجد
فيin سماواتthe heavens of المعاليlofty achievement يتسامىrises higher
في سماوات المعالي يتسامى
May my father and mother ransom you, noble man,
Rising in the highest heavens
who rises in the heavens of lofty achievement.
He built excellence and elevated his worth
شيّدbuilt up الفضلexcellence وأعلىand raised قدرهُits standing
شيّد الفضل وأعلى قدرهُ
بعدafter أنْthat أصبحَit became أطلالاًruins رماماdecayed remains
بعد أنْ أصبحَ أطلالاً رماما
He built up excellence and raised its stature
After becoming ruins and debris
after it had become ruins and decayed remains.
And his right hand sufficed us the replacement
وكفتdripped يمناهُhis right hand بالويلِwith woe ندًىbounty
وكفت يمناهُ بالويلِ ندًى
فكفتناso it spared us الغيثrain سقياًfor watering والغماماand clouds
فكفتنا الغيث سقياً والغماما
His right hand dripped bounty amid woe,
So it sufficed us rain and clouds
so it spared us the need for rain and clouds to water us.
A just ruler, most high of lineage
حاكمٌa ruler بالعدلwith justice علويُّAli-like الثناin praise
حاكمٌ بالعدل علويُّ الثنا
عنin the stead of عليٍّAli قامstood بالحكمin judgment مقاماa position
عن عليٍّ قام بالحكم مقاما
A just ruler, Ali-like in renown,
From Ali who assumed leadership
standing in Ali's stead in judgment.
The Basra in his days
إنَّماindeed البصرةBasra فيin أيَّامهhis days
إنَّما البصرة في أيَّامه
أعجبتdelighted منwhoever سارَdeparted عنهاfrom it أوor أقاماstayed
أعجبت من سارَ عنها أو أقاما
Indeed, Basra in his days
Was more amazing than whoever lived there or visited
has delighted whoever left it or stayed.
It inspired one mute in you
أفصحتyou spoke eloquently عنon behalf of أخرسٍal-Akhras (the mute) فيكabout you لهhe has
أفصحت عن أخرسٍ فيك له
منof قريضpoetry النثرprose نثراًin prose ونظاماand in verse
من قريض النثر نثراً ونظاما
You have given voice to al-Akhras, the mute, who has for you
With prose of poetry, prose and composition
poetic prose, in prose and in verse.
The rhymes of poetry, precious pearls
عربيَّاتArabic القوافيin rhyme غررٌradiant beauties
عربيَّات القوافي غررٌ
نصبتpitched قلةthe summit of المجدglory خياماtents
نصبت قلة المجد خياما
Arabic-rhymed verses, radiant beauties,
Which the few with glory made their tents
have pitched tents upon the summit of glory.
A poet who loves your great deeds, and in
شاعرٌa poet يهوىloves معاليكyour lofty achievements وفيand in
شاعرٌ يهوى معاليك وفي
كلِّevery وادٍvalley منof مديحpraise فيكof you هاماwandered in rapture
كلِّ وادٍ من مديح فيك هاما
A poet who loves your lofty achievements, and in
Every valley of praise for you, he wandered
every valley of praise for you has wandered in rapture.
O sword of the faith! O you
ياO حسامHusam الدِّينal-Din ياO هذاthis one الَّذيwho
يا حسام الدِّين يا هذا الَّذي
أشكرI thank اليومtoday أياديهhis favors الجساماgreat
أشكر اليوم أياديه الجساما
O Husam al-Din, O you whose
Whose mighty hands I thank today
great favors I gratefully acknowledge today,
So favor and accept all
فتفضَّلso be gracious وتقبَّلand accept كلّall ماthat
فتفضَّل وتقبَّل كلّ ما
جمعتI gathered فيكabout you منof الحقِّtruth كلاماwords
جمعت فيك من الحقِّ كلاما
be gracious and accept all that
That I have gathered in you of words
I have gathered in words of truth about you,
And goodly praise made sweet by you
وثناءand praise طيِّباًpleasant طابَmade sweet بكمby you
وثناء طيِّباً طابَ بكم
ينعشُrevives الرُّوحthe soul افتتاحاًat the opening وختاماand at the close
ينعشُ الرُّوح افتتاحاً وختاما
and fine praise, made sweet through you,
Which revives the soul at the start and end
that revives the soul at its opening and its close.
Partial English translation: 117 of 118 Arabic lines translated.
Sol 6.1