أدارَhe passed around الكأسthe cup مترعةًbrimming شراباwith wine
أدارَ الكأس مترعةً شرابا
وأهداهاand he offered it لناto us ذهباًas gold مذاباmolten
وأهداها لنا ذهباً مذابا
He passed around the cup, brimming with wine,
He passed the cup around overflowing with drink
and offered it to us as molten gold.
And gifted it to us as molten gold
وقدand already غارتhad vanished نجومthe stars الصبحof dawn لمَّاwhen
وقد غارت نجوم الصبح لمَّا
رأتهthey saw him وهوwhile he قدalready كشفَhad lifted النقاباthe veil
رأته وهو قد كشفَ النقابا
And the stars of dawn had vanished when
The stars of dawn were jealous when
they saw him, with his veil already lifted.
They saw him unveil his radiance
وقالَand said ليَto me الهوىlove فيهfor him اصطحبهاtake her as your companion
وقالَ ليَ الهوى فيه اصطحبها
وطِبْand be glad نفساًat heart بهاwith her فالوقتfor the time طاباhas grown sweet
وطِبْ نفساً بها فالوقت طابا
And my love for him said to me, 'Take her as your companion,
Passion said to me, accompany him
and be glad at heart with her, for the time is sweet.'
And delight yourself with him, for the time is pleasant
ونحنُwhile we بجنَّةٍin a paradise لاno خلدَeternity فيهاin it
ونحنُ بجنَّةٍ لا خلدَ فيها
ولاand no واشinformer نخافwe fear بهbecause of him العقاباpunishment
ولا واش نخاف به العقابا
While we were in a paradise with no eternity in it,
We are in a paradise without immortality
and no informer to make us fear punishment.
And no fear of punishment
ونارُand the fire الحسنof beauty فيin وَجَناتthe cheeks أحوىof a dusky youth
ونارُ الحسن في وَجَنات أحوى
منamong الغلمانthe lads تلتهبblazes التهاباin a blaze
من الغلمان تلتهب التهابا
And beauty's fire in a dusky youth's cheeks
The fire of beauty blazes in the cheeks
among the lads blazes fiercely.
Of the boys, kindling ardently
أدرهاpass it around ياO غلامlad عَليَّto me صرفاًunmixed
أدرها يا غلام عَليَّ صرفاً
وأرشفنيand let me sip بريقتكfrom your saliva الرضاباsweet saliva
وأرشفني بريقتك الرضابا
Pass it to me, lad, unmixed,
Pass the cup servant, pouring for me
and let me sip your sweet saliva.
And let me savor your sparkling wine
أدرهاpass it around مُزَّةtart تحلوtastes sweet وَدَعنيand let me
أدرها مُزَّة تحلو وَدَعني
أُقبِّلkiss منfrom ثناياكyour front teeth العذاباthe sweet ones
أُقبِّل من ثناياك العذابا
Pass it around, tart yet sweet, and let me
Pass it around sweetly and let me
kiss your sweet front teeth.
Kiss your torments from between your wrists
أراشfletched سهامَthe arrows مقلتهof his eye غريرٌan innocent youth
أراش سهامَ مقلته غريرٌ
إذاwhenever أرمىhe shot بهاwith them قلباًat a heart أصاباhe struck
إذا أرمى بها قلباً أصابا
An innocent youth fletched the arrows of his gaze;
He shot the arrows of his amorous glance
whenever he shot them at a heart, he struck it.
Whenever he aimed them at a heart, they struck
وطافَand he went around بهاwith it علىamong الندمانthe drinking companions يسعىhastening
وطافَ بها على الندمان يسعى
كأَنَّas though بكفِّهِin his palm منهاfrom it خضاباa dye
كأَنَّ بكفِّهِ منها خضابا
And he hurried round with it among the drinking companions,
He circled with it among the tipsy
as though some of it were dye upon his palm.
As if his palm was dyed red with it
وشَرِبٍand a band of drinkers يشهدونwitness الغيَّvice محضاًunalloyed
وشَرِبٍ يشهدون الغيَّ محضاً
إذاwhen الشيطانSatan أبصرهمsees them أناباhe repents
إذا الشيطان أبصرهم أنابا
And a band of drinkers who witness unalloyed vice—
Drinkers witnessing pure intoxication
when Satan sees them, he repents.
When Satan sees them, he turns away
عكفتI devoted myself بهمwith them علىto اللَّذَّاتpleasures حتَّىuntil
عكفت بهم على اللَّذَّات حتَّى
قرعتI knocked بهمwith them منamong الغاياتthe utmost limits باباa door
قرعت بهم من الغايات بابا
I devoted myself with them to pleasures, until
We busied ourselves with pleasures until
with them I knocked at a door of the furthest bounds.
We knocked on the door of ecstasy
متىwhenever حجبveiled الوقارdignity اللَّهوamusement عنهمfrom them
متى حجب الوقار اللَّهو عنهم
رأواthey resolved أنْto يرفعواlift ذاكthat الحجاباveil
رأوا أنْ يرفعوا ذاك الحجابا
Whenever dignity veiled amusement from them,
Whenever dignity concealed their frivolity
they resolved to lift that veil.
They decided to lift that veil
وقامواand they rose للَّتيfor her who لاno عيبَfault فيهاin her
وقاموا للَّتي لا عيبَ فيها
يرَوْنَthey deem بتركهاin forsaking her للعابfor a reveler عاباa fault
يرَوْنَ بتركها للعاب عابا
And they rose for her in whom there is no fault,
And they stood for the flawless one
deeming forsaking her a fault in a reveler.
Seeing abstinence from her as reprehensible
كأَنَّas though مجالسthe gatherings الأفراحof joy منهمamong them
كأَنَّ مجالس الأفراح منهم
كؤوسcups الرَّاحof wine تنظمهمstring them together حباباas bubbles
كؤوس الرَّاح تنظمهم حبابا
As though their gatherings of joy
As if their sessions of joy made them
were winecups, stringing them together like bubbles.
Cups of ease, enchanting them
تريكit shows you مذاهباًways للقومِof the company شتَّىdiverse
تريك مذاهباً للقومِ شتَّى
وتذهبand goes فيthrough عقولهمtheir minds ذهاباa roaming
وتذهب في عقولهم ذهابا
It shows you the company's many different ways,
Showing them different doctrines
and ranges far through their minds.
And making their minds utterly lost
تحرَّيناwe sought السرورjoy وَرُبَّand many a رأيٍjudgment
تحرَّينا السرور وَرُبَّ رأيٍ
أرادَaimed at الخِطْءَerror فاحتملyet contained الصواباwhat was right
أرادَ الخِطْءَ فاحتمل الصوابا
We sought joy; and many a judgment
We sought amusement, though many an opinion
aimed at error, yet contained what was right.
Sought wrong yet bore right
وماand not زلناwe ceased نريقwe spill دمَthe blood الحميَّاof potent wine
وما زلنا نريق دمَ الحميَّا
ونشربهاand we drink it وقدand already ساغتْit went down smoothly شراباas a drink
ونشربها وقد ساغتْ شرابا
And we kept spilling the blood of potent wine,
We never ceased to sip the wine of valor
and drinking it, a draught that went down smoothly,
Drinking it though it was bitter
إلىuntil أنthat أقلعتwithdrew ظلمthe darknesses الدياجيof deep night
إلى أن أقلعت ظلم الدياجي
كماas طيَّرتَyou sent flying عنfrom وكرٍa nest غراباa raven
كما طيَّرتَ عن وكرٍ غرابا
until the dark shadows of night withdrew,
Until the darkness of sorrows departed
as when you send a raven flying from a nest.
As you would startle a raven from its nest
وغنَّتناand sang to us علىupon الأَغصانthe branches وُرْقٌgray doves
وغنَّتنا على الأَغصان وُرْقٌ
نهزّwe sway لهنَّfor them أعطافاًsides طراباenraptured
نهزّ لهنَّ أعطافاً طرابا
And gray doves sang to us upon the branches;
The tender leaves upon the branches sang for us
we swayed our bodies for them in rapture.
We nodded to them gently swaying branches
وقدand indeed ضحكَlaughed الأَقاحthe daisies الغضُّfresh منَّاat us
وقد ضحكَ الأَقاح الغضُّ منَّا
وأبصرَand saw منin خلاعتناour wantonness عجاباwonders
وأبصرَ من خلاعتنا عجابا
And the fresh daisies laughed at us,
The reddened rose laughed at us
and saw wonders in our wantonness.
And saw our outrageousness as wondrous
وظلّand kept البانthe moringa يرقصdancing والقماريwhile the turtledoves
وظلّ البان يرقص والقماري
تغنِّيهsing to it انخفاضاًa bending down وانتصاباand standing upright
تغنِّيه انخفاضاً وانتصابا
The moringa kept dancing, while the turtledoves
The entertainer danced on while the gambler
sang to it as it bowed and rose.
Sang to accompany his swaying and standing
وفيناand among us كلُّevery مبتهجjoyful one خليعٍlibertine
وفينا كلُّ مبتهج خليعٍ
طروبeasily enraptured شبَّsprouted عارضهhis cheek-beard وشاباand turned gray
طروب شبَّ عارضه وشابا
And among us was every joyful libertine,
And every one of us frolicsome libertines
easily enraptured, his cheek-beard sprouted and grayed.
Were exuberant, youthful of cheek and lively of eye
إذاwhen شربhe drank المدامwine وأطربتهand it delighted him
إذا شرب المدام وأطربته
أعادَhe restored علىto المشيبِgray old age بهاwith it الشباباyouth
أعادَ على المشيبِ بها الشبابا
When he drank wine and it delighted him,
Whenever he drank wine and it exhilarated him
he restored youth to gray old age through it.
He restored upon the aged their youth
ألاah بأبيmy father as ransom منamong العشَّاقthe lovers صبٌّa lovesick one
ألا بأبي من العشَّاق صبٌّ
متىwhenever ذكرwas mentioned الغرامpassion لهto him تصابىhe acted youthful
متى ذكر الغرام له تصابى
Ah, my father be the ransom of a lovesick one among lovers,
By my father, passion in the lovers is
who acts youthful whenever passion is mentioned to him,
A flood, whenever love is mentioned they are swept away
بكُلِّfor every مهفهفِslender الأعطافin the flanks يعطوstretching upward
بكُلِّ مهفهفِ الأعطاف يعطو
بجيدwith the neck الظبيof a gazelle روعwas startled فاستراباand grew wary
بجيد الظبي روع فاسترابا
for every slender-waisted youth who stretches upward
With every swaying of the branches they bestow
with the neck of a gazelle, startled and wary.
On the roe’s neck confusion and alarm
إذاwhen وطئhe trod الترابthe dust بأخمصيهwith his two arched soles
إذا وطئ التراب بأخمصيه
تمنَّىhe wished أنto يكونbecome لهfor him تراباdust
تمنَّى أن يكون له ترابا
When he treads the dust with his arched soles,
When he treads the earth with his toes
the lover wishes to become dust beneath him.
He wishes it to be dust for him
وأيمand by اللهGod إنكyou indeed are مستهامlove-besotted
وأيم الله إنك مستهام
إذاif استعذبتyou found sweet فيin الحبِّlove العذاباtorment
إذا استعذبت في الحبِّ العذابا
And, by God, you are truly love-besotted
Yes, by God, you are infatuated
if you find torment sweet in love.
When you relish the torment of love
أعدْrepeat ليfor me ذكرmention of أقداحٍgoblets كبارٍlarge
أعدْ لي ذكر أقداحٍ كبارٍ
ملاءًfull منof شربكyour drink أوor قراباnearly so
ملاءً من شربك أو قرابا
Tell me again of large goblets,
Prepare for me a mention of great goblets
filled with your drink, or nearly full.
Filled with your drinking, or jugs
وخلِّand put aside اليومtoday عنكfrom you حديثthe tale سلمىof Salma
وخلِّ اليوم عنك حديث سلمى
فلاfor neither سلمىSalma أريدI want ولاnor الرباباal-Rabab
فلا سلمى أريد ولا الربابا
And put aside today the tale of Salma,
Leave off today talk of Salma
for I want neither Salma nor al-Rabab,
I want no Salma or lute
ومنand from قولthe saying الشجيّof the grieving lover سألتI questioned ربعاًa dwelling
ومن قول الشجيّ سألت ربعاً
خلاempty ممَّنof those whom أُحبّI love فماso not أجاباit answered
خلا ممَّن أُحبّ فما أجابا
and such words of the grieving lover as: 'I questioned a dwelling
Of the words of Al-Shaji I asked a friend
empty of those I love, so it gave no answer.'
Empty of those I love, but he did not respond
وخذand take up بحديثthe account سلمانٍof Salman فإنِّيfor I
وخذ بحديث سلمانٍ فإنِّي
أحبّlove بهof him الثناءthe praise المستطاباpleasing
أحبّ به الثناء المستطابا
And take up the tale of Salman, for I
And take the words of Salman, for I
love the pleasing praise of him.
Love through it praise that is pleasing
يهابhe is held in awe معalong with الجمالbeauty ولاand not يدارىis humored
يهاب مع الجمال ولا يدارى
ويوصفand is described بالجميلas virtuous ولاand not يحابىis favored
ويوصف بالجميل ولا يحابى
He is held in awe for all his beauty, and is not humored,
He inspires awe along with beauty, and does not contend
and is described as virtuous, without favoritism.
He is described as beautiful, and does not refuse
فلوso if فاكهتهyou bantered with him لجنيتyou would harvest شهداًhoney
فلو فاكهته لجنيت شهداً
ولوand if عاديتهyou opposed him لشهدتyou would encounter صاباbitter sap
ولو عاديته لشهدت صابا
So if you bantered with him, you would harvest honey,
If you enjoyed his fruits, you would reap honey
and if you opposed him, you would encounter bitter sap.
And if you opposed him, you would meet with separation
ولمand not ترَhad seen قبلهbefore him عينٌan eye رأتهthat saw him
ولم ترَ قبله عينٌ رأته
جميلاًa beautiful one راحwho became محبوباًbeloved مهاباheld in awe
جميلاً راح محبوباً مهابا
And no eye that saw him had seen before him
No eye has seen the like of him before
one so fair who became beloved and held in awe.
A beautiful beloved, revered and feared
ينوبhe stands in عنfor الصَّباحmorning إذاwhen تجلَّىhe appears
ينوب عن الصَّباح إذا تجلَّى
وماand not نابstood in الصَّباحmorning لهfor him مناباas a substitute
وما ناب الصَّباح له منابا
He takes the place of morning when he appears,
He takes the place of dawn when he appears
yet morning has never taken his place.
And dawn cannot substitute for him
بنفسيmy life as ransom منthe one whom أفديهI ransom him بنفسيwith my life
بنفسي من أفديه بنفسي
وماand not فدَّاهransomed him منany أحدٍperson فخاباand was disappointed
وما فدَّاه من أحدٍ فخابا
My life for him whom I would ransom with my life—
I would ransom him with my soul
and none who ransomed him was disappointed.
And none have ransomed him, but lost out
رغبتI turned away عنfrom الأنامhumankind بهfor him فأضحىso he began
رغبت عن الأنام به فأضحى
يطوِّقنيhe garlands me أياديهhis favors الرغاباabundant
يطوِّقني أياديه الرغابا
I turned from humankind for him, and he began
I turned from mankind because of him, so he
to garland me with his abundant favors.
Encircled me with his sheltering arms
فكانso became ليَfor me الثناءpraise عليهof him دأباًa constant practice
فكان ليَ الثناء عليه دأباً
وكانand was لهfor him الندىlargesse والجودand generosity داباa constant practice
وكان له الندى والجود دابا
So praise of him became my constant practice,
So praising him became my habit
and largesse and generosity were his constant practice.
And benevolence and generosity became his nature
همthey الرأسthe head المقدَّمُforemost منof قريشQuraysh
هم الرأس المقدَّمُ من قريش
يريكshows you الناسthe people أجمعهاall of them ذناباas tails
يريك الناس أجمعها ذنابا
They are the foremost head of Quraysh,
They are the eminent heads of Quraysh
showing you all other people as tails.
You see all people following at their heels
وهمand they منof خيرthe best خلقof the creation اللهof God أصلاًin root
وهم من خير خلق الله أصلاً
وفرعاًand branch واحتساباًand in seeking reward وانتساباand in lineage
وفرعاً واحتساباً وانتسابا
They are of the best of God's creation in root
And they are the best of Allah's creation
and branch, in seeking reward and in lineage.
In origin, branch, reckoning and lineage
ويرضىand is pleased اللهGod ماwhen رضيتis pleased قريشٌQuraysh
ويرضى الله ما رضيت قريشٌ
ويغضبand grows angry إنْif همthey راحواbecome غضاباangry
ويغضب إنْ هم راحوا غضابا
And God is pleased when Quraysh is pleased,
Allah is pleased with what Quraysh are pleased with
and grows angry if they become angry.
And wrathful if they become angry
ففيهمfor among them شيَّدraised اللهGod المعاليlofty honors
ففيهم شيَّد الله المعالي
وفيهمand among them أنزلsent down اللهGod الكتاباthe Book
وفيهم أنزل الله الكتابا
For among them God raised lofty honors,
Through them Allah established supremacy
and among them God sent down the Book.
Through them Allah sent down the Book
أولئكthose آلُthe family بيتٍof a house أنزلوهاestablished them
أولئك آلُ بيتٍ أنزلوها
تراثاًas inheritance عنfrom أبيهمtheir father واكتساباand by earning
تراثاً عن أبيهم واكتسابا
Those are the family of a house who established those honors
Those are the Household who brought it down
as inheritance from their father, and by their own attainment:
A heritage from their father, earned by them
شواهقlofty peaks منamong جبالthe mountains المجدof glory تسموrise high
شواهق من جبال المجد تسمو
مفاخرهاtheir glories وأبنيةand edifices رحاباspacious
مفاخرها وأبنية رحابا
lofty peaks among glory's mountains, rising high
Lofty peaks of the mountains of glory rising high
in their splendors, and spacious edifices;
Their glories and expansive edifices
وأخلاقاًand character traits مهذَّبةrefined لِداناًgentle
وأخلاقاً مهذَّبة لِداناً
وإيماناًand faith منfrom الجدوىgenerous giving رطاباfresh and moist
وإيماناً من الجدوى رطابا
and refined, gentle character,
And refined, gentle morals
and faith, fresh and moist with generous giving.
And faith comforting from despondency
إليكمto you ننتميwe belong وبكمand through you نباهيwe vie in glory
إليكم ننتمي وبكم نباهي
منof البحرthe sea الشرايعthe waterways والعباباand the surging flood
من البحر الشرايع والعبابا
To you we belong, and through you we vie in splendor
To you we claim ties, and through you we take pride
with the sea's waterways and swelling surge.
From the boundless sea of laws and scriptures
وفيand in الدَّارينthe two worlds ماnot زلناwe have ceased لديكمat your side
وفي الدَّارين ما زلنا لديكم
نجوزwe gain الأجرrecompense منكمfrom you والثواباand reward
نجوز الأجر منكم والثوابا
And in both worlds we have always, at your side,
And in both abodes we have never ceased
gained recompense and reward from you.
To earn reward and merit from you
وأبلغand the utmost ماthat يكونcan be بهthrough it التَّمنِّيwishing
وأبلغ ما يكون به التَّمنِّي
دنوًّاnearness منto جنابكyour presence واقتراباand approach
دنوًّا من جنابك واقترابا
And the furthest that desire can reach
And the utmost of wishes
is nearness to your presence and drawing close.
Is nearness to you and drawing close
زماناًa time راعنيdistressed me بنواكwith your absence شهراًfor a month
زماناً راعني بنواك شهراً
فماso why ليfor me لاnot أريعrouse بهbecause of it الركاباthe riding camels
فما لي لا أريع به الركابا
For a time—a month—your absence distressed me;
For a time, I was kept from visiting you, a month
so why should I not rouse the riding camels on its account?
So I have no mounts racing with joy
فليسfor it is not العيدُEid ماwhen أوفىit arrives بعيدٍan Eid
فليس العيدُ ما أوفى بعيدٍ
ولمand I have not أشهدbeen present بهduring it ذاكَthat الجناباpresence
ولم أشهد به ذاكَ الجنابا
For Eid, whenever it arrives, is no Eid
For the feast is not what satisfies on a feast day
if I have not been in that presence on it.
Unless I witness that noble presence
وعاتبناand we reproached بفرقتكfor your absence اللياليthe nights
وعاتبنا بفرقتك الليالي
علىfor ماwhat كانَhad been حزناًsorrow واكتئاباand dejection
على ما كانَ حزناً واكتئابا
And in your absence we reproached the nights
The nights reproached me for your separation
for what had been sorrow and dejection.
For what had been sorrow and melancholy
فأمَّاas for أقصرthe shortest الأَشرافof the nobles باعاًin reach
فأمَّا أقصر الأَشراف باعاً
فأطولهمhe is their longest معwith الدُّنياthe world عتاباin reproach
فأطولهم مع الدُّنيا عتابا
As for the nobleman with the shortest reach,
As for the noblest short of sale
he is the longest in reproaching the world.
They are the longest in blaming the world
فياso, O قمراًmoon عنfrom الزوراءal-Zawra غاباthat vanished
فيا قمراً عن الزوراء غابا
زماناًfor a time للتنزُّهfor recreation ثمَّthen آباreturned
زماناً للتنزُّه ثمَّ آبا
O moon that vanished from al-Zawra
So O moon absent from the bright horizon
for a time of recreation, then returned!
For a time, for recreation, then it came back
طلعتyou rose طلوعlike the rising بدرof the moon التِّمِّat its fullness لمَّاafter
طلعت طلوع بدر التِّمِّ لمَّا
غَرَبْتَyou set فلاso may you not لقيتencounter الاغتراباbeing far from home
غَرَبْتَ فلا لقيت الاغترابا
You rose like the moon at its full after
You rose like the rising of the full moon
you had set; may you never suffer life far from home.
When you set, no exile did you meet
وجئتand you came فجئتناand brought us بالخيرِgoodness سيلاًin a torrent
وجئت فجئتنا بالخيرِ سيلاً
تُسيلُyou make flow بهwith it الأباطحthe gravelly valleys والهضاباand the hills
تُسيلُ به الأباطح والهضابا
And you came, bringing us goodness in a torrent,
And you came, inundating us with goodness
making the gravelly valleys and hills flow with it.
Flooding the plains and hills
فإنَّكfor you كلَّماwhenever استُسقيتwere asked for rain وبلاًa downpour
فإنَّك كلَّما استُسقيت وبلاً
سقيتyou gave water وكنتand you were يومئذٍthat day سحاباa cloud
سقيت وكنت يومئذٍ سحابا
For whenever you were asked for a downpour,
For whenever you are begged for rain, and afflicted
you gave water, and that day you were a cloud.
You rain, and were on that day a cloud
فمنso, among مِنَحgifts شرحتَyou opened لناfor us صدوراًhearts
فمن مِنَح شرحتَ لنا صدوراً
ومنand among مِنَنٍfavors تقلّدهاwear them as necklaces الرقاباnecks
ومن مِنَنٍ تقلّدها الرقابا
Among them are gifts with which you have opened our hearts,
So whoever you eased, you opened their breasts
and favors that necks wear as necklaces.
And whoever you favored, you adorned their necks
ولمَّاand when أنْthat نظمتُI composed لهfor him القوافيthe rhymes
ولمَّا أنْ نظمتُ له القوافي
ولجتI entered بهاwith them علىto approach الضرغامthe lion غاباa thicket
ولجت بها على الضرغام غابا
And when I composed the rhymes for him,
And when I strung together rhymes for him
I entered a thicket with them to meet the lion.
And confronted the seas with them, they ebbed
وقمتُand I stood عليهbefore him أُنشدُهاreciting them وأهديand offering
وقمتُ عليه أُنشدُها وأهدي
لحضرتهto his presence الدعاءa prayer المستجاباanswered
لحضرته الدعاء المستجابا
And I stood before him, reciting them and offering
I stood reciting them for his eminence, and gave
to his presence a prayer that finds an answer.
My prayer, hoping it answered, as a gift
إذاwhen منعwithheld اللئيمthe miser ندىthe bounty يديهِof his two hands
إذا منع اللئيم ندى يديهِ
أبىhe refused إلاَّanything but انصباباًpouring forth وانسكاباand overflowing
أبى إلاَّ انصباباً وانسكابا
When the miser withholds the bounty of his hands,
Whenever the vile one withheld his bounty
he, by contrast, insists on pouring forth and overflowing.
He refused except to pour forth and cascade
Sol 6.1