ماnot قالhe said أَوَّهْ'Oh!' لفقدهat his loss واهَا'Alas!'
ما قال أَوَّهْ لفقده واهَا
كمستريحٍlike one relieved لقولهby his saying آهَا'Ah!'
كمستريحٍ لقوله آهَا
He did not cry 'Oh!' and 'Alas!' at his loss
He did not utter "Alas!" for losing him, like one at ease saying "Alas!"
like one relieved by uttering 'Ah!'
The soul complained of its nightingales
تَبَرَّمُthe impatience of النفِسthe soul منwith بلابلهاits anxieties
تَبَرَّمُ النفِس من بلابلها
يُفْسدspoils إقرارَهاits acknowledgment ودعواهاand its claim
يُفْسد إقرارَها ودعواها
The soul's impatience with its anxieties
That ruined its calm and pretense
spoils its acknowledgment and its claim.
If they concealed his union, they did not
إنif يَحْجُبواthey bar وصلَهاunion with her فماthen not حجبواthey barred
إن يَحْجُبوا وصلَها فما حجبوا
عنِّيfrom me سُرَىthe nightly passage of طيفهاher phantom وذكراهاand remembrance of her
عنِّي سُرَى طيفها وذكراها
If they bar union with her, they have not barred
Conceal the phantoms of him and his memory from me
from me her phantom's nightly passage and remembrance of her.
The house is far, yet it is near me
بعيدةُdistant الدّارthe dwelling وهيand she is دانيةٌnear
بعيدةُ الدّار وهي دانيةٌ
منّيto me علىdespite بعدهاher distance ومَنْآهاand her remoteness
منّي على بعدها ومَنْآها
Her dwelling is far away, yet she is near
Despite its distance and remoteness
to me despite her distance and remoteness.
In the beholder's heart is the image of her face
فيin ناظرthe eye of القلبthe heart شخصُthe image of مَرْآهاher appearance
في ناظر القلب شخصُ مَرْآها
وفيand in صميمthe core of الفؤادthe heart مَثْوَاهاher dwelling
وفي صميم الفؤاد مَثْوَاها
The image of her form is in my heart's eye,
And in the core of the heart is her dwelling
and her dwelling is deep within my heart.
A virgin with her dress full
غَرّاءradiant للِّدعْصِto the sand-dune مِلءُthe fullness of مِئْزَرِهاher waist-wrap
غَرّاء للِّدعْصِ مِلءُ مِئْزَرِها
وللقضيبand to the bough الرَّطيبthe supple أعلاهاher upper body
وللقضيب الرَّطيب أعلاها
Radiant, with a sand-dune filling her waist-wrap,
And for the slender, pliant one her elevation
and a supple bough for her upper body.
The breeze lent its hue and her cheek
أعارِتshe lent الراحَwine لونَthe color of وجنتهاher cheek
أعارِت الراحَ لونَ وجنتها
وطَبْعَand the nature of ألحاظهاher glances ومعناهاand their meaning
وطَبْعَ ألحاظها ومعناها
She lent wine the color of her cheek
And the nature of her glances and their meaning
and the nature of her glances and their meaning.
If wine were not like her disposition
فالخمرُfor wine لوif لمnot تكنit were كمقلتهاlike her eye
فالخمرُ لو لم تكن كمقلتها
فيin الطّبْعnature ماnot أسكرتْwould intoxicate نَدَامَاهاits drinking companions
في الطّبْع ما أسكرتْ نَدَامَاها
For wine, were it not like her eye
In nature, it would not have intoxicated her companions
in nature, would not intoxicate its drinking companions.
And a night whose beginning
وليلةٍand many a night بتُّهاI spent it علىin طَرَبٍdelight
وليلةٍ بتُّها على طَرَبٍ
آخِرُهاits end مُشْبهٌresembling لأُولاهاits beginning
آخِرُها مُشْبهٌ لأُولاها
And many a night I spent in delight,
Resembled its end in merriment
its end resembling its beginning.
I kiss the lightning from its curly hair
أُقبِّلI kiss البرقَthe lightning منfrom تَرائبهاher collarbones
أُقبِّل البرقَ من تَرائبها
وألْثَمُand I kiss الشمسَthe sun منfrom مُحيّاهاher face
وألْثَمُ الشمسَ من مُحيّاها
I kiss the lightning of her collarbones,
And kiss the sun from her cheek
and kiss the sun of her face.
The wind gave me to drink while her cheek was the cup
سَقَتْنِيَshe gave me to drink الرّاحَwine وهيwhich is خدّاهاher two cheeks
سَقَتْنِيَ الرّاحَ وهي خدّاها
بأكؤسin cups of اللّحظglances وهيwhich are عيناهاher two eyes
بأكؤس اللّحظ وهي عيناها
She gave me wine, which was her cheeks,
And her eyes were the glasses of glances
in cups of glances, which were her eyes.
If she wanted to mingle, she would put
إذاwhen أرادتshe wanted مزاجهاits mixing جعلتshe placed
إذا أرادت مزاجها جعلت
بآخرat the end of اللحظthe glance فيin فميmy mouth فاهاher mouth
بآخر اللحظ في فمي فاها
Whenever she wished to mix it, she placed
At the last glance, her mouth to my mouth
at a glance's end, her mouth against mine.
Oh she has mature coffee
فياoh, then! لَهاfor it! قهوةًwine معتّقةًaged
فيا لَها قهوةً معتّقةً
وليسand there is not إلاّexcept الخدودَcheeks مأواهاits dwelling
وليس إلاّ الخدودَ مأواها
Oh, what aged wine it was,
And only her cheeks are its abode
with no dwelling except in cheeks.
Her lips are its grounds when blended for me
حَبابُهاits bubbles الثَّغْرُthe teeth حينwhen تُمْزَجُit is mixed ليfor me
حَبابُها الثَّغْرُ حين تُمْزَجُ لي
ونَقْلُهاand its relish اللَّثْمُkissing حينwhen أُسْقَاهاI am given it to drink
ونَقْلُها اللَّثْمُ حين أُسْقَاها
Its bubbles are her teeth when it is mixed for me,
And her kissing is its pouring when I am given to drink
and its relish is kissing when I am given it to drink.
She imagines herself the sun in her brilliance
تخالُهاyou take her for الشمسَthe sun فيin تَلأْلُئهاher radiance
تخالُها الشمسَ في تَلأْلُئها
لاno بلrather تخالُyou take الشموسthe suns إيّاهاto be her
لا بل تخالُ الشموس إيّاها
You would take her for the sun in her radiance;
Rather, she imagines the suns are her
no, rather you would take all suns for her.
Ask the morning breeze and people about my nature
سَلask الصِّباyouth والأنامَand mankind عنabout شِيَميmy character
سَل الصِّبا والأنامَ عن شِيَمي
والمجدَand glory عنabout راحتيmy palm وجَدْواهاand its bounty
والمجدَ عن راحتي وجَدْواها
Ask youth and mankind about my character,
And glory about my comfort and generosity
and glory about my palm and its bounty.
Do I not give sublimity its realities
ألستُam I not أُعطِيI give العُلاَeminence حقائقهاits true substance
ألستُ أُعطِي العُلاَ حقائقها
منّيfrom myself وأُجرىand I let flow اللّذّاتِpleasures مُجْراهاtheir course
منّي وأُجرى اللّذّاتِ مُجْراها
Do I not give eminence its true substance
Flowing from me, and let pleasures run their course?
from myself, and let pleasures run their course?
If disasters march violently
وإنand if تَدِبcreep الخُطوبُcalamities جامحةًunbridled
وإن تَدِب الخُطوبُ جامحةً
لَقِيتُهاI meet them لاnot أخافI fear عُقْباهاtheir outcome
لَقِيتُها لا أخاف عُقْباها
And if calamities creep forward unbridled,
I meet them, fearing not their aftermath
I meet them, unafraid of their outcome.
And the gazelles' eyes enchant me
ومنand among عيونeyes of الظِّباgazelles تَسْحَرُنيenchant me
ومن عيون الظِّبا تَسْحَرُني
أضعفُهاthe weakest of them لحظةًin glance وأضناهاand the most languid of them
أضعفُها لحظةً وأضناها
And among gazelles' eyes, those that enchant me
I weaken the slightest of them and make it thin
are the weakest in glance and the most languid.
I am not pleased with things
ولستُand I am not أَرضَىcontent منamong الأمورaffairs بماwith what
ولستُ أَرضَى من الأمور بما
لاnot أجدI find المكَرْمُاتthe noble virtues ترضاهاapprove of it
لا أجد المكَرْمُات ترضاها
And in affairs I am not content with what
Unless I find favors pleasing them
I do not find the noble virtues approving.
And listen, with me is the subtlety
واسمَعْand listen فعنديfor I possess منof كلّevery صالحةٍworthy thing
واسمَعْ فعندي من كلّ صالحةٍ
ألطَفُthe subtlest of أسرارِهاits secrets وأخفاهاand their most hidden
ألطَفُ أسرارِها وأخفاها
And listen: of every worthy thing I possess
Of every righteousness, its most hidden and concealed
the subtlest and most hidden secrets.
I do not claim virtue before those below and above
لاnot أدّعيI claim الفضلَexcellence قبلbefore يشهدُtestify ليfor me
لا أدّعي الفضلَ قبل يشهدُ لي
بهto it أدانيthe nearest reaches of الدُّنَاthe world وأقصاهاand its farthest
به أداني الدُّنَا وأقصاها
I claim no excellence before it is attested for me
Bear witness to it for me
by the world's nearest reaches and its farthest.
I do not see myself as having a hand over a friend
ولاand not أرىI see ليfor myself علىover الصديقa friend يداًa favor
ولا أرى لي على الصديق يداً
تُفْسِدُspoils إنعامَهاits beneficence بنُعماهاwith its bounty
تُفْسِدُ إنعامَها بنُعماها
Nor do I claim a favor over a friend
That would ruin its grace with its blessings
that spoils its beneficence with its very bounty.
Whoever chooses me with his love has from me
منwhoever أصطفانيchose me بودّهwith his affection فلهthen he has
من أصطفاني بودّه فله
عنديwith me يَدٌa claim of gratitude كالجبالlike mountains صُغراهاits smallest
عندي يَدٌ كالجبال صُغراها
Whoever singles me out with his affection has
A hand like mountains though small
a claim on me, its smallest mountain-high.
For God, our days that passed
للهto God, in praise أيّامُناour days التيthat سَلَفتْpassed
لله أيّامُنا التي سَلَفتْ
بدارat the abode of حُزْوَىHuzwa ماhow كانwere أحلاهاsweet they were
بدار حُزْوَى ما كان أحلاها
God bless our days gone by
In the abode of Ankara what most beautiful of them!
at the abode of Huzwa—how sweet they were!
The palace from the realm of kings to
فالقَصْرِthen at the palace منfrom صيرةthe enclosure of الملوكthe kings إلىto
فالقَصْرِ من صيرة الملوك إلى
أعلىthe highest of رُباهاits hills إلىto مُصلاّهاits prayer ground
أعلى رُباها إلى مُصلاّها
And at the palace, from the kings' enclosure to
Its highest places, to its prayer house
its highest hills and on to its prayer ground.
You saved me from the heedlessness of youth
إذwhen نَجْتَنِيwe plucked اللهوdelight منfrom أصائِلهاtheir late afternoons
إذ نَجْتَنِي اللهو من أصائِلها
والعزَّand glory منfrom فجرهاtheir dawn ومَغْداهاand their morning outings
والعزَّ من فجرها ومَغْداها
When we plucked delight from their late afternoons,
And glory from its dawn and morning
and glory from their dawn and morning outings.
If a forbidden pleasure presented itself
إنif عَرَضَتْappeared لذَّةٌa pleasure مَلكاهاthey both possessed it
إن عَرَضَتْ لذَّةٌ مَلكاها
أوor صَعُبتgrew difficult خُطَّةan undertaking حَوَيناهاwe mastered it
أو صَعُبت خُطَّة حَوَيناها
If a pleasure appeared, they both possessed it;
Or a difficult scheme, we avoided it
or an undertaking grew difficult, we mastered it;
Or if misfortunes assailed us, we screamed Your name
أوor يممَّتْناcame toward us ترومseeking نُصْرتناour support
أو يممَّتْنا تروم نُصْرتنا
صارخةٌa woman crying for help باسمناwith our name حَميْناهاwe protected her
صارخةٌ باسمنا حَميْناها
or, seeking our support, there came toward us
A roaring in Your name, and You protected us
a woman crying our name, we protected her.
If we threw ourselves into dangers for pride
وإنand if رَمتْناstruck us الخُطوبَcalamities عنfrom عُرُضٍthe side
وإن رَمتْنا الخُطوبَ عن عُرُضٍ
فاضَsurged forth نزارٌNizar فَجلاّهاand dispelled them
فاضَ نزارٌ فَجلاّها
And if calamities struck us from the side,
A copious flood burst forth, so we rose above them
Nizar surged forth and dispelled them.
The extinguisher of war whenever it blazed
المُطْفئthe quencher of الحربwar كلّماwhenever أضطرمتْit blazed
المُطْفئ الحرب كلّما أضطرمتْ
وفارسُand the champion of الخيلhorsemen حينwhen يَلقاهاhe meets them
وفارسُ الخيل حين يَلقاها
He who quenches war whenever it blazes,
And the horseman of steeds when he encountered them
and the champion of horsemen when he meets them.
It is as though, out of fear of him,
كأنّماas though الدهرُTime منfrom مخافتهfear of him
كأنّما الدهرُ من مخافته
يُعَلّis repeatedly plied بالخَمرwith wine أوor حُمَيّاهاits fiery potency
يُعَلّ بالخَمر أو حُمَيّاها
As though Time, from fear of him,
Time is adorned with wine or protected
were plied with wine or its fiery potency.
He brought humility to stubborn kings, so they abandoned
بذَّhe surpassed الملوكَthe kings الألىof old فغادَرهاand left them
بذَّ الملوكَ الألى فغادَرها
تَذُمّscorning سلطانَهاtheir power وعَلْياهاand their high station
تَذُمّ سلطانَها وعَلْياها
He surpassed the kings of old, leaving them
Censuring his rule and supremacy
to scorn their power and their high station.
The capability of her Caesar fell short of him
قَصّرfell short عنهof him اقتدارُthe might of قيصرهاtheir Caesar
قَصّر عنه اقتدارُ قيصرها
وجازand surpassed سَابُورَهاtheir Shapur وكِسْرَاهاand their Kisra
وجاز سَابُورَها وكِسْرَاها
Their Caesar's might fell short of him,
Beyond her Sapur and Kisra
and he surpassed their Shapur and their Kisra,
Her Firuz and Rustam ran out
وفاتand outstripped فَيْرُوزَهاtheir Firuz ورُسْتَمَهاand their Rustam
وفات فَيْرُوزَها ورُسْتَمَها
وزادand exceeded عزًّاin glory علىover جُلُنْدَاهاtheir Julanda
وزاد عزًّا على جُلُنْدَاها
and outstripped their Firuz and their Rustam,
And he excelled over her Jalandara
and exceeded their Julanda in glory.
For every possession of the earth a like
لكلّfor every مَلْكٍking منamong الورَىmankind شَبَهٌa likeness
لكلّ مَلْكٍ من الورَى شَبَهٌ
وماand not أرىI see للعزيزfor al-Aziz أشْباهاequals
وما أرى للعزيز أشْباها
Every king among mankind has a likeness,
And I do not see for the mighty any like him
but I see no equals for al-Aziz.
I say, O King of Kings, but do not
أقولI say ياO مالكَmaster of الملوكkings ولاand not
أقول يا مالكَ الملوك ولا
أقولI say فيin مدحهhis praise شَهِنْشاهاShahanshah, king of kings
أقول في مدحه شَهِنْشاها
I say, 'O master of kings,' and do not
Say in praising him the Khaqan of China
say 'Shahanshah' in his praise.
He sought and reached for the stars, undertaking
سعىhe strove وطالand reached النجومَthe stars مَبتَدِئاًat the outset
سعى وطال النجومَ مَبتَدِئاً
بهمّةٍwith an ambition يَستقلّhe deems slight مَسْعاهاits striving
بهمّةٍ يَستقلّ مَسْعاها
He strove and reached the stars at his very outset,
With an ambition only his effort can attain
with an ambition whose striving he deems small.
A soul whose dwelling is the sky
نفسٌa soul كأنّas though السماءَthe sky مسكنُهاits dwelling
نفسٌ كأنّ السماءَ مسكنُها
وهِمّةٌand an ambition كالزمانlike Time أدناهاits lowest reach
وهِمّةٌ كالزمان أدناها
A soul as though the sky were its dwelling,
And ambition the whole world in its lowness
and an ambition whose lowest reach is like Time.
Time was too narrow for him when fate descended on it
لمnot يَسَعِcould contain الدّهرُTime حينwhen حلّhe settled بهwithin it
لم يَسَعِ الدّهرُ حين حلّ به
صُغْرَىthe least of عُلاَهhis glories فكيفso how كُبْرَاهاthe greatest of them
صُغْرَى عُلاَه فكيف كُبْرَاها
Time could not contain, when he settled within it,
With the smallness of his sublimity, so what of its greatness?
the least of his glories—how then the greatest?
A caliphate the time became employed in his service since his assumption of it
خلافةٌa caliphate أصبحbecame الزمانُTime لهاfor it
خلافةٌ أصبح الزمانُ لها
مسْتخَدمemployed as a servant السَّعْيin striving مذsince تولاّهاhe assumed it
مسْتخَدم السَّعْي مذ تولاّها
A caliphate for which Time became
It warns him from tyranny and commands him
a servant in its striving since he assumed it.
And it cannot disobey him, so it deters him
تَنْهاهُit forbids him عنfrom بطشهhis violence وتأمرُهand commands him
تَنْهاهُ عن بطشه وتأمرُه
وليسand not يَسْطِيعهاcan he overpower it فيَنْهاهاand thus forbid it
وليس يَسْطِيعها فيَنْهاها
It restrains Time from its violence and commands it,
O King, the pottery boasts of him
while Time cannot overpower it and so forbid it.
From us over its life and death
ياO مَلِيكاًa king يفخَرtakes pride الفَخَارُpride itself بهin him
يا مَلِيكاً يفخَر الفَخَارُ به
منَّاfrom among us علىover حيّهاtheir living ومَوْتاهاand their dead
منَّا على حيّها ومَوْتاها
O king in whom pride itself takes pride,
The kings derive the pride of their glory
one of our own, above their living and their dead.
When they see his glory and worldly possession
وتستقِلّand deem slight الملوكthe kings عِزّتَهاtheir own might
وتستقِلّ الملوك عِزّتَها
إذاwhen رأتْthey see عزّةmight ودنياهاand its lowest degree
إذا رأتْ عزّة ودنياها
And kings deem their own might slight
If his disposition manifested to them
when they see his might, even its lowest degree.
They would not praise their own dispositions after it
ولوand if تبدّتwere revealed لهاto them سجيّتُهhis character
ولو تبدّت لها سجيّتُه
ماnot حمَدتْwould praise بعدهafter him سَجَاياهاtheir own qualities
ما حمَدتْ بعده سَجَاياها
And if his character were revealed to them,
If anyone were to ask him for his sublimity, he would give it
they would not praise their own qualities after his.
He is not of those who break a promise, and if he gives generously he forgets it
لوif أمَّهُcame to him منamong عُفاتهhis petitioners أحَدٌanyone
لو أمَّهُ من عُفاته أحَدٌ
يقولsaying هَبْgive ليto me عُلاكَyour glory أعطاهاhe would give it
يقول هَبْ لي عُلاكَ أعطاها
If one of his petitioners came to him,
If rain fails its attainer
saying, 'Give me your glory,' he would give it.
It fails its clouds and pouring
ليستis not بناسٍforgetful لَوعْدِهof his promise وإذاand when
ليست بناسٍ لَوعْدِه وإذا
جادhe bestowed بنُعماهhis bounty فهوthen he ينساهاforgets it
جاد بنُعماه فهو ينساها
He does not forget his promise; and when
The reconciler of two conditions, the unifier of
he bestows his bounty, he forgets it.
Opinions in his peace and provocation
إنif أخلفfailed الغيثُthe rain باتspent the night نائلهُhis bounty
إن أخلف الغيثُ بات نائلهُ
يَخْلُفreplaces أنواءهits rain-stars وسُقْيَاهاand their watering
يَخْلُف أنواءه وسُقْيَاها
If rain fails, his bounty spends the night
The earth and servants submitted to him together
taking the place of its rain-stars and their showers.
As did the beasts in its rugged and deserted places
مُفْترِقُdiffering الحالتينin the two states مُجْتمِعُunited الthe (continued)
مُفْترِقُ الحالتين مُجْتمِعُ ال
آراءjudgments فيin سَلْمهاtheir peace وهَيْجاهاand their warfare
آراء في سَلْمها وهَيْجاها
Distinct in his two states, yet united in
He is the tongue of piety and its essence
judgment, in peace and in warfare.
He is the right hand of sublimity and its left
دانتsubmitted لهto him الأرضُthe earth والعبادُand mankind معاًtogether
دانت له الأرضُ والعبادُ معاً
والوحشُand wild beasts فيin وَعْرهاits rugged terrain وصحْرَاهاand its desert
والوحشُ في وَعْرها وصحْرَاها
The earth and mankind submitted to him together,
Imagined from the essence of prophecy when
and wild beasts in its rugged terrain and desert.
The world was clay and its water
فهوso he is لسانthe tongue of التُّقَىpiety ومقلتُهand its eye
فهو لسان التُّقَى ومقلتُه
وهوand he is يمينthe right hand of العُلاglory ويُسَراهاand its left hand
وهو يمين العُلا ويُسَراها
He is piety's tongue and its eye,
Whoever obeys him succeeds through his obedience
and he is glory's right hand and its left.
And whoever disobeys him has disobeyed God
صُورwas fashioned منfrom جوهرthe essence of النبوّةprophethood إذwhen
صُور من جوهر النبوّة إذ
كانwere الورىmankind طينةًclay وأمواهاand waters
كان الورى طينةً وأمواها
He was fashioned from the essence of prophethood when
Take it and with it outdo kings, for
mankind were clay and water.
No angel or boaster came up with it
فَمنْso whoever يُطِعْهobeys him يفُزْtriumphs بطاعتهthrough obeying him
فَمنْ يُطِعْه يفُزْ بطاعته
ومنand whoever عصاهdisobeyed him فقدhas indeed عَصَىdisobeyed اللهَGod
ومن عصاه فقد عَصَى اللهَ
So whoever obeys him triumphs through obeying him,
Especially from my brother, the protector
and whoever disobeys him has disobeyed God.
Who attained favors and eminence through it
خُذْهاtake it تُباهِيvie in pride بهاwith it الملوكَthe kings فماfor not
خُذْها تُباهِي بها الملوكَ فما
جاءbrought بهاit forth مالكٌa sovereign ولاand not بَاهَىboasted
جاء بها مالكٌ ولا بَاهَى
Take it and boast of it before kings, for no
And this does not encompass Your hidden perfect traits
sovereign has brought its like or boasted of it.
Except a tenth of a tenth of them
لاnot سيّماespecially منfrom أخيa man of مُحافَظةٍsteadfast loyalty
لا سيّما من أخي مُحافَظةٍ
حازhe gained بهاthrough it المَكْرُماتِnoble honors والجاهاand standing
حاز بها المَكْرُماتِ والجاها
Especially from a man of steadfast loyalty
Your glory overwhelms praise, even if
who has gained noble honors and standing through it.
The world were tongues and mouths
هذاthis ولمand not تَحْوِit contained منof مَناقبكyour virtues الغرْthe radiant (continued)
هذا ولم تَحْوِ من مَناقبك الغرْ
رِcompletes 'radiant' سوىexcept بعضa portion of عُشْرa tenth of أجزاهاtheir parts
رِ سوى بعض عُشْر أجزاها
All this, though it contains of your radiant virtues
only a portion of a tenth of their parts.
مجدكyour glory يَستغرِقexhausts الثناءَpraise ولوeven if
مجدك يَستغرِق الثناءَ ولو
كانwere الورىmankind ألْسُناًtongues وأفواهاand mouths
كان الورى ألْسُناً وأفواها
Your glory exhausts all praise, even if
mankind were all tongues and mouths.
Partial English translation: 110 of 114 Arabic lines translated.