ماnot فاضoverflowed منfrom فلكsphere الزجاجةthe wineglass نورُlight
ما فاض من فلك الزجاجة نورُ
إلاexcept وفاضand overflowed علىover القلوبthe hearts سرورُjoy
إلا وفاض على القلوب سرورُ
No light poured from the wineglass's sphere
When light overflowed from the celestial sphere of the wine bottle,
without joy pouring over the hearts.
Joy overflowed in hearts as well.
وجلاand dispelled الصفاserenity وجلdread النفوسthe souls وأدبرand withdrew الthe (prefix)
وجلا الصفا وجل النفوس وأدبر ال
همsorrow العبوسsullen وأقبلand approached التيسيرease
هم العبوس وأقبل التيسير
And serenity dispelled the souls' dread, and away went
Serenity appeared, souls calmed, gloom retreated,
sullen care, while ease came near.
Ease set in, and thousands were delighted.
فاطربso rejoice فقدfor indeed طربrejoiced الهزارthe nightingale وماand never دنتapproached
فاطرب فقد طرب الهزار وما دنت
منهnear it العقارthe wine ولاnor دعاهinvited it غريرan innocent youth
منه العقار ولا دعاه غرير
So rejoice: the nightingale rejoiced, though never
Rejoice! For laughter has spread amongst the drinkers,
did wine approach it, nor did an innocent youth invite it.
Neither reason nor temptation invited it.
واشربand drink علىbeside وردroses الخدودthe cheeks بكوكبwith a star
واشرب على ورد الخدود بكوكب
درِّيْpearl-bright تدورcircle بهwith it عليكaround you بدورfull moons
درِّيْ تدور به عليك بدور
And drink beside the roses of cheeks, with a star,
Drink rose-cheeked wine with a starry chalice
pearl-bright, borne round you by full moons.
Spinning around you constantly.
حتىuntil تقولyou say أمنis it from دمٍblood أمor عندمdragon's-blood resin
حتى تقول أمن دمٍ أم عندم
ذاthis والسقاةand the cupbearers كواكبٌstars أمor حورhouris
ذا والسقاة كواكبٌ أم حور
Until you ask, 'Is it blood or dragon's-blood resin—
Until you say, “Is this blood or fermented juice?
this? And are the cupbearers stars or houris?'
And are these servers stars or heavenly maidens?”
وترىand you see جوادsteed الليلthe night يعثرstumbles قائلاًsaying
وترى جواد الليل يعثر قائلاً
لاdo not تعجبواmarvel فرسhorse الظلامdarkness عثورprone to stumbling
لا تعجبوا فرس الظلام عثور
And you see night's steed stumble, saying,
You see the steed of night stumbling and saying,
'Do not marvel: darkness's horse is prone to stumbling.'
“Do not be surprised, the horse of darkness stumbles.”
فإذاthen when نأىwithdrew الليلthe night البهيمpitch-black وأقبلand approached الthe (prefix)
فإذا نأى الليل البهيم وأقبل ال
صبحdawn الوسيمhandsome وزقزقand chirped العصفورthe sparrow
صبح الوسيم وزقزق العصفور
Then when pitch-black night withdraws and there comes
When the gloomy night departs and the brilliant dawn arrives,
the handsome dawn, and the sparrow chirps,
The birds start chirping and the breeze blows gently.
وزهاand shone الحبابthe bubbles علىupon الشرابthe wine كماas زهتshone
وزها الحباب على الشراب كما زهت
بعدafter العتابreproach علىupon الخدودthe cheeks ثغورmouths
بعد العتاب على الخدود ثغور
and bubbles shine upon the wine as shone
Dew drips on the wine like tears of joy
smiling mouths upon cheeks after reproach,
Trickling down flushed cheeks after reconciliation.
نبهrouse نديمكyour drinking companion للصبوحfor the morning draught ولاand do not تكنbe
نبه نديمك للصبوح ولا تكن
ممنamong those who يجودis generous سويعةًa little while ويجورand acts unjustly
ممن يجود سويعةً ويجور
rouse your drinking companion for the morning draught, and do not be
Wake your drinking companion for the dawn libations,
among those generous for a little while, then unjust.
And be not like those who only give a little and then stop.
قوتsustenance النفوسthe souls منfrom المدامةwine وحدهاit alone
قوت النفوس من المدامة وحدها
فاحفلso attend بهاto it قوتُsustenance الجسومthe bodies كثيرplentiful
فاحفل بها قوتُ الجسوم كثير
The souls' sustenance comes from wine alone;
Strength of spirit comes from wine alone,
so cherish it: sustenance for bodies is plentiful.
So focus on it; nourishment for bodies is abundant.
واعلمand know بأنthat لكلfor every فنٍّart آلةًan instrument
واعلم بأن لكل فنٍّ آلةً
والشربand drinking منamong آلاتهits instruments التبكيرstarting early
والشرب من آلاته التبكير
And know that every art has an instrument,
Know that everything has its proper instrument,
and among drinking's instruments is an early start,
And drinking early is one of wine’s tools.
بمهفهفwith a slender youth يحيىrevives النفوسthe souls بصورةٍthrough a form
بمهفهف يحيى النفوس بصورةٍ
وينوبand stands in عماfor what فيin الكؤوسthe cups يصيرhe becomes
وينوب عما في الكؤوس يصير
with a slender youth who revives souls by his form
With murmuring, it revives souls in a manner
and comes to stand in for what is in the cups.
That transforms whatever is in cups.
قلقrestless المناطقthe girdles مائجundulating الأردافthe hips ميswaying (word fragment)
قلق المناطق مائج الأرداف مي
ياسcompletion of 'swaying' القوامthe stature كأنهas though he were مخمورdrunk
ياس القوام كأنه مخمور
His girdles restless, his hips undulating, swaying
It loosens clasped belts and breasts’ laces,
in stature, as though he were drunk.
Straightens bending waists as if drunk itself.
تفترsmiles مشكاةlamp-niche السلافthe pure wine لهfor him كماas
تفتر مشكاة السلاف له كما
يفترsmiles صبٌّa passionate lover فيin حشاهhis breast سعيرblazing fire
يفتر صبٌّ في حشاه سعير
The wine's lamp-niche smiles for him, as
The wine bearer’s lantern glows for it
a lover smiles with a blaze within his breast.
Like sparks in fiery embers.
أوor غادةa graceful maiden فُنُقٌpampered كأنas though جبينهاher brow
أو غادة فُنُقٌ كأن جبينها
فلقٌdaybreak وفاحمand coal-black شعرهاher hair ديجورdarkest night
فلقٌ وفاحم شعرها ديجور
Or a graceful, pampered maiden, whose brow seems
Or like the bright full moon, her forehead
daybreak, while her coal-black hair is darkest night.
Seems split and her disheveled hair scattered.
بخدودهاon her cheeks للنيرينfor the two luminaries مطالعٌrising-places
بخدودها للنيرين مطالعٌ
وبصدرهاand on her breast للفرقدينfor the two Farqad stars سريرa couch
وبصدرها للفرقدين سرير
On her cheeks are rising-places for the two luminaries,
In her cheeks are the rising spots for the two Nile rivers,
and on her breast a couch for the two Farqad stars.
And in her breast a bed for the two ducks.
أخذtook hold الفتورlanguor بطرفهاof her gaze وبعطفهاand in her figure
أخذ الفتور بطرفها وبعطفها
لعبfrolicked النشاطvigor كأنهas though it were يعفورa gazelle fawn
لعب النشاط كأنه يعفور
Languor seized her gaze, and in her figure
Lassitude took hold of her eyes and liveliness
vigor frolicked as though it were a gazelle fawn.
Played in her softness as if she was a frisky doe.
فهماso the two of them هماthey themselves القمرانthe two moons كلٌّeach منهماof them both
فهما هما القمران كلٌّ منهما
نورٌa light علىupon فلكsphere الجمالbeauty ينيرshines
نورٌ على فلك الجمال ينير
So they are the very two moons; each of them
As if they were two moons, each of them
is a light shining upon beauty's sphere.
Shedding light in the celestial sphere of beauty.
للهto God! قلبيmy heart والحسانand the beauties ينشنهpierce it
لله قلبي والحسان ينشنه
بخصورهنwith their waists قناlances الملاحthe beauties خصورwaists
بخصورهن قنا الملاح خصور
God help my heart, as beauties pierce it
My heart is for God, yet passion moves it
with their waists—the beauties' lances are waists.
To the maidens’ thin waists like lute strings.
لاnot يستقرrests ولاnor يفرflees كأنهas though it were
لا يستقر ولا يفر كأنه
طيرa bird يرفرفflutters والجناحand the wing قصيرshort
طير يرفرف والجناح قصير
It neither rests nor flees, as though it were
It finds no rest or escape as if it were
a fluttering bird whose wing is short.
A bird fluttering with clipped wings.
ماwhat ليfor me وللجناتand with the gardens أطلبI seek زهرهاtheir flowers
ما لي وللجنات أطلب زهرها
وزهورand flowers أربابthe devotees الغرامlove ثغورmouths
وزهور أرباب الغرام ثغور
What have I to do with gardens, seeking their flowers,
Why should I long for the gardens’ flowers
when lovers' flowers are smiling mouths?
When the blossoms of the beloveds’ cheeks are open?
ياO صاحfriend قدindeed دعتcalled السلافthe pure wine لريقهاto its saliva
يا صاح قد دعت السلاف لريقها
وابيضَّand grew white منfrom إبريقهاits ewer الديجورdarkest night
وابيضَّ من إبريقها الديجور
O friend, the wine has called us to its mouth's dew,
My friend, the maiden has invited you to her saliva,
and darkest night grew white from its ewer.
And the chalice has turned white with her fermented juice.
والسنُّand age صاحcried out وقالand said حيَّcome! علىto التيthat which
والسنُّ صاح وقال حيَّ على التي
طافتwent round عليكto you بهاwith it الملاحthe beauties الحورthe dark-eyed ones
طافت عليك بها الملاح الحور
And age cried out, saying, 'Come to that
The gray hair of old age said, “Long live she
which the lovely, dark-eyed ones carried round to you.'
Who has served you wine, O you blessed by heavenly maidens!”
فاحذرso beware تفوتكeludes you فرصةthe chance الزمنtime الذيwhich
فاحذر تفوتك فرصة الزمن الذي
يعطيgives ويمنعand withholds فالزمانfor time غدورtreacherous
يعطي ويمنع فالزمان غدور
So beware lest you miss the chance of time, which
So beware missing the opportunity of time
gives and withholds—for time is treacherous—
That gives and deprives. For fate is fickle.
أوor أنthat يُفيتَكهاmakes you miss it الفتورُlanguor فذنبُfor the sin شاdrinker (word fragment)
أو أن يُفيتَكها الفتورُ فذنبُ شا
ربهاcompletion of 'its drinker' الغيورِthe zealous one بنفعهاthrough its benefit مغفورforgiven
ربها الغيورِ بنفعها مغفور
or lest languor rob you of it: for the sin of
Or let not apathy make you miss her,
its zealous drinker is forgiven through its benefit.
Then the sin of her jealous Lover will be forgiven.
إنيindeed I قرأتread منfrom الحبابthe bubbles كتابةًa written message
إني قرأت من الحباب كتابةً
مضمونهاits content أنthat الإلهGod غفورforgiving
مضمونها أن الإله غفور
I read a message written in the bubbles,
I have read in the bubbles a message
whose content was that God is forgiving.
Whose meaning is that God is Forgiving.
وعجبتand I wondered كيفhow يموتdies مجروحone wounded الأسىsorrow
وعجبت كيف يموت مجروح الأسى
والراحand wine آسa physician والحبابand the bubbles ذرورmedicinal powder
والراح آس والحباب ذرور
And I wondered how one wounded by sorrow could die,
And I wondered how one who dies of love’s wounds still lives,
when wine is a physician and the bubbles healing powder.
While the soul is tempestuous and passions are raging.
ماwhat بالis the matter with هاجيthe reviler الراحwine يرصدwatches for حينهhis hour
ما بال هاجي الراح يرصد حينه
لينالهاto obtain it ويصدand turns away حينwhen تنيرit shines
لينالها ويصد حين تنير
Why does wine's detractor watch for his hour
Why does the wind ambush the breeze in her season
to obtain it, yet turn away when it shines?
To reach her, yet block her when she shines?
ويخالهاand deems it الشانيthe hater الخبيثfoul خبيثةًfoul
ويخالها الشاني الخبيث خبيثةً
وإذاand when تنشأهاhe sniffs it يقولhe says عبيرperfume
وإذا تنشأها يقول عبير
And its foul hater deems it foul,
And the despicable rival calls her despicable,
yet when he sniffs it, he says, 'Perfume!'
Yet when she is born, he calls her a fragrance.
حاشاfar be it لمثلكfrom one like you أنthat يغادرleave مثلهاits like
حاشا لمثلك أن يغادر مثلها
للجاهلينto the ignorant ونفعهاand its benefit مشهورwell known
للجاهلين ونفعها مشهور
Far be it from one like you to leave its like
It is far from one like you to abandon one like her
to the ignorant, when its benefit is well known.
To the ignorant, when her beneficence is well-known.
واللَهby God لاnot تركتI abandoned ومعسولand honey-sweet اللمىthe lips' dark tint الthe (prefix)
واللَه لا تركت ومعسول اللمى ال
تركيTurk بالكاسwith the cup الرويِّbrimming يدورgoes round
تركي بالكاس الرويِّ يدور
By God, I shall not forsake it while the sweet, dark-lipped
By God, I shall not forsake the sweet union of mouths
Turk goes round with the brimming cup,
To keep the rotating chalice company at the gathering.
ويقولand says عنof أنطونAntun ألتونAltun ('gold') افهمواunderstand, all of you
ويقول عن أنطون ألتون افهموا
إنthat الذيwhat قدindeed قالهhe said it التفسيرthe interpretation
إن الذي قد قاله التفسير
and says of Antun, 'Altun'—understand
Anton Alton says, understand that what I have said is the interpretation.
that what he has said is the interpretation.
The star of Damascus is pure goodness.
فالكوكبfor the star الشاميof al-Sham تبرٌgold خالصpure
فالكوكب الشامي تبرٌ خالص
ماnot شانmarred جوهرsubstance فضلهhis excellence تغييرchange
ما شان جوهر فضله تغيير
For the star of al-Sham is pure gold;
Why change the essence of its overflowing virtue?
no change has marred the substance of his excellence.
It turns to you drawing near and away like rain-bearing clouds.
يوليكbestows on you مقترباًnearby ومبتعداًand far away كماas
يوليك مقترباً ومبتعداً كما
يوليكbestows on you بحرٌa sea جاءcame منهfrom it مطيرa rain-bearing cloud
يوليك بحرٌ جاء منه مطير
He bestows on you, near or far, as
He is the perfect, generous scholar who cannot be deceived,
a sea bestows, with a rain-cloud issuing from it.
Jealous in upholding his position.
فهوso he is الأديبthe man of letters الكاملconsummate المتكرمgenerous الthe (prefix)
فهو الأديب الكامل المتكرم ال
فطنdiscerning الأريبsagacious علىfor المقامhis standing غيورzealous
فطن الأريب على المقام غيور
He is the consummate, generous man of letters,
He who has almost dripped with subtlety and gentleness
the discerning, sagacious one, zealous for his standing.
As if he were the Elixir itself.
وهوand he is الذيthe one who قدindeed كادalmost يقطرdrips رقةًtenderness
وهو الذي قد كاد يقطر رقةً
ولطافةًand delicacy فكأنهso he seems like إكسيرan elixir
ولطافةً فكأنه إكسير
He is one who almost drips with tenderness
Mysteries have bowed to his discernment.
and delicacy, as though he were an elixir.
All that is hidden to you is contained in his mind.
خضعتsubmitted لفطنتهto his discernment الغيوبthe unseen فكلso all ماthat
خضعت لفطنته الغيوب فكل ما
يخفىis hidden عليكfrom you ببالهin his mind مسطورinscribed
يخفى عليك بباله مسطور
Hidden things submit to his discernment; everything
Affairs have yielded to his resolve.
concealed from you is inscribed in his mind.
If he decided a night should last, the dawn would not breathe.
وعنتand yielded لعزمتهto his resolve الأمورaffairs فلوso if قضىhe decreed
وعنت لعزمته الأمور فلو قضى
ببقاءfor the continuance ليلٍof night ماnot تنفَّسbreathed نورlight
ببقاء ليلٍ ما تنفَّس نور
Affairs yield to his resolve; were he to decree
If others pride themselves on being a refuge,
that night remain, no light would breathe.
It is to him the helpless and refugees turn.
إنif كانwas يفخرtakes pride باليراعةin the reed pen غيرهothers besides him
إن كان يفخر باليراعة غيره
فبهthen in him المهنَّدthe Indian-forged sword واليراعand the reed pen فخورproud
فبه المهنَّد واليراع فخور
If others take pride in the reed pen,
And when assemblies take pride in their men,
the Indian-forged sword and the reed pen take pride in him.
Their elite take pride in him in particular.
وإذاand when المجالسassemblies فاخرتboasted برجالهاof their men افbeginning of 'boasted'
وإذا المجالس فاخرت برجالها اف
تخرتcompletion of 'boasted' فطاحلهاtheir eminent men بهof him والدورand the houses
تخرت فطاحلها به والدور
And when assemblies boast of their men,
That breast, even if one preceded him,
their great men and the houses boast of him.
Is grateful to God, protective.
فالصدرso the foremost ذاكthat one ولوeven if تصدرpresided قبلهbefore him
فالصدر ذاك ولو تصدر قبله
رجلٌa man شكورٌgrateful للإلهto God غيورzealous
رجلٌ شكورٌ للإله غيور
He is the foremost, even if before him presided
The best of prophets is the last, and so
a man grateful to God and zealous.
The honor of the living goes to the mule as he is the last.
خيرthe best النبيينthe prophets الأخيرthe last وهكذاand likewise
خير النبيين الأخير وهكذا
شرفhonor الحياlife-giving rain للوبلto the downpour وهوand it is أخيرlast
شرف الحيا للوبل وهو أخير
The best of prophets was the last; likewise,
So honor him, O people of knowledge, a banner
rain's honor belongs to the downpour, though it comes last.
Whose nobility turns eyes away in awe.
فاكرِمso how noble! بهhe is (exclamatory) علماًa standard لأربابfor the lords العلىeminence
فاكرِم به علماً لأرباب العلى
يرتدُّturns back عنهfrom him الطرفthe gaze وهوand it is حسيرexhausted
يرتدُّ عنه الطرف وهو حسير
How noble a standard he is for the lords of eminence!
Sweet of traits, his soft speech is a gift,
The gaze turns back from him, exhausted.
Delightful, though his might is bitter.
حلوsweet الشمائلcharacter traits والحديثand speech نوالُهُhis bounty
حلو الشمائل والحديث نوالُهُ
عذبٌsweet وأماand as for بأسهhis might فمريرthen bitter
عذبٌ وأما بأسه فمرير
Sweet in character and speech, his bounty
The House of Glory rose with him as did
is sweet; as for his might, it is bitter.
Those he praised, the noble and the commoner.
سادتbecame supreme بهthrough him دارthe land الكنانةal-Kinana واستوىand were equal
سادت به دار الكنانة واستوى
بمديحهin praising him المخدومthe master والمأمورand the subordinate
بمديحه المخدوم والمأمور
Through him the land of al-Kinana became supreme, and alike
O star of Damascus, its famed garden
in praising him are master and subordinate.
Whose peer is rarely found and who is most blessed!
ياO كوكبstar الشامal-Sham الشهيرfamed وروضهاand its garden الthe (prefix)
يا كوكب الشام الشهير وروضها ال
غضfresh النضيرflourishing وإنكand indeed you المخبورthe proven one
غض النضير وإنك المخبور
O famed star of al-Sham, and its
I have not found a steed nobler than your father,
fresh, flourishing garden—you are indeed proven!
In discernment of horses, only the wise are experts.
لمdid not ألقI meet أفرسmore discerning منthan أبيكyour father سواكexcept you فيin
لم ألق أفرس من أبيك سواك في
علمthe art الفراسةphysiognomy واللبيبand the wise man خبيرperceptive
علم الفراسة واللبيب خبير
I have met none more discerning than your father, save you, in
You have risen to his saying, “The sea whose abundance
the art of physiognomy; the wise man is perceptive.
Sustains the settled lands.”
فلقدfor indeed سموتyou rose high كقولهlike his saying البحرthe sea الذيwhich
فلقد سموت كقوله البحر الذي
منfrom جودهits bounty يتكسبearns its living المعمورthe inhabited world
من جوده يتكسب المعمور
For you have indeed risen high, as he said: 'The sea
And in the prime of your life you reached a rank
from whose bounty the inhabited world earns its living.'
That the seasoned ocean did not attain in its old age.
وبلغتand you attained فيin أبانthe prime عمركyour life رتبةًa rank
وبلغت في أبان عمرك رتبةً
ماnot نالهاattained it البحريal-Bahri وهوand he was كبيرold
ما نالها البحري وهو كبير
And in the prime of your life you attained a rank
So you have the joy in it and in the positions
that al-Bahri never reached, though he was old.
Indicated by the rise of its celestial body.
فلكso for you الهناءjoy بهاin it وبالرتبand in the ranks التيwhich
فلك الهناء بها وبالرتب التي
لبزوغto the rising كوكبهاtheir star البنانthe fingers تشيرpoint
لبزوغ كوكبها البنان تشير
May you rejoice in it, and in the ranks
And if I make a mistake about the celestial bodies by one,
to whose star's rising the fingers point.
The statement is corrected and good tidings commence.
وإذاand if غلطتyou err منin البنانthe fingers (al-banan) بواحدٍby one
وإذا غلطت من البنان بواحدٍ
صحcame right البيانthe meaning وأقبلand arrived التبشيرglad tidings
صح البيان وأقبل التبشير
And if you err by one letter in al-banan, 'the fingers,'
I have seen that Lebanon who adores you
the meaning comes right, and glad tidings arrive,
Yearn to you joyfully with outstretched hands.
ورأيتand you saw لبنانLebanon التيwhich بكby you تيمتwas enthralled
ورأيت لبنان التي بك تيمت
توميbeckons إليكto you ودستهاand its throne مسرورdelighted
تومي إليك ودستها مسرور
and you see Lebanon, enthralled by you,
May harmony constantly be your orbit,
beckoning to you, its throne delighted.
And the orbits of others revolve around you.
دامmay endure الصفاserenity لكfor you دارةًa dwelling موموقةًcherished
دام الصفا لك دارةً موموقةً
وعلىand over عداكyour enemies الدائراتill turns of fortune تدورcircle
وعلى عداك الدائرات تدور
May serenity remain a cherished abode for you,
And may you remain supported in vastness, successful
and may ill turns of fortune circle over your foes.
When light overflowed from the celestial sphere of the wine bottle.
وبقيتand may you remain مأمومsought out الرحابthe courtyards موفقاًblessed with success
وبقيت مأموم الرحاب موفقاً
ماas long as فاضoverflows منfrom فلكsphere الزجاجةthe wineglass نورlight
ما فاض من فلك الزجاجة نور
And may you remain, your courts frequented, blessed with success,
so long as light pours from the wineglass's sphere.
Partial English translation: 106 of 108 Arabic lines translated.