أرأيتَhave you seen? ماwhat صنعتْdid بناto us الأيّامُthe days
أرأيتَ ما صنعتْ بنا الأيّامُ
ضاعwas lost العزاءُconsolation وضلّتِand went astray الأحلامُminds
ضاع العزاءُ وضلّتِ الأحلامُ
Have you seen what the days have done to us?
Have you seen what the days have done to us?
Consolation is lost, and minds have gone astray.
Solace is lost and dreams have strayed.
نبأٌnews تُفَكّare parted لهbecause of it الصدورthe breasts عنfrom الحِجىreason
نبأٌ تُفَكّ له الصدور عن الحِجى
وتُهانُand are debased أخطارُthe dignities of النُّهىunderstanding وتُضامُand are wronged
وتُهانُ أخطارُ النُّهى وتُضامُ
News at which hearts are parted from reason,
News that rends breasts apart from anguish,
and the dignity of understanding is debased and wronged.
While the perils of censure are scorned and suppressed.
ومصيبةٍand a calamity وَلَجَتْentered علىupon ملكthe king of الورىhumankind
ومصيبةٍ وَلَجَتْ على ملك الورى
أبوابَهhis gates والذّائدونwhile the defenders نيامُasleep
أبوابَه والذّائدون نيامُ
And a calamity entered upon the king of humankind,
And a tragedy has assailed the king of the world,
through his gates, while the defenders slept.
Its gates, while the guards lie sleeping.
حلّuntied الرّجالthe men بأمرهاbecause of it عُقَدَthe knots of الحُباknee-binding wraps
حلّ الرّجال بأمرها عُقَدَ الحُبا
فكأنّهمْso it was as though they وهمُwhile they were القعودُseated قيامُstanding
فكأنّهمْ وهمُ القعودُ قيامُ
Because of it, men untied the knots of their knee-binding wraps,
The men's resolve melted at its command; bonds of love now untied,
so that, though seated, they seemed to be standing.
As if, though seated, they stand.
واِستَوهلتْand were panic-stricken آراؤهمْtheir judgments فتراهمُso you see them
واِستَوهلتْ آراؤهمْ فتراهمُ
لاno نَقْضَreversal عندهُمamong them ولاand no إبرامُfirm resolution
لا نَقْضَ عندهُم ولا إبرامُ
Their judgments were panic-stricken, so you see them
And their opinions rendered powerless - you see them
with neither reversal nor firm resolve.
With no resolve, or binding pact.
حارواthey were bewildered فليسso there is no لديهمُwith them إنْif خوطِبواthey are addressed
حاروا فليس لديهمُ إنْ خوطِبوا
أوor خاطبواthey speak فَهْمٌunderstanding ولاand no إفهامُmaking others understand
أو خاطبوا فَهْمٌ ولا إفهامُ
Bewildered, they have—whether addressed
Perplexed, so that if addressed or addressing
or speaking—neither understanding nor power to explain.
They have no understanding, or clear expression.
كالغِمْدِlike a sheath فارقparted from نَصْلَهits blade فيin معركٍa battle
كالغِمْدِ فارق نَصْلَه في معركٍ
والسِّلْكُand the thread مُلْقىًcast aside ليسthere is not فيهin it نِظامُstrung beads
والسِّلْكُ مُلْقىً ليس فيه نِظامُ
Like a sheath parted from its blade in battle,
Like a scabbard bereft of its blade in the fray,
and a thread lying discarded, with no beads strung on it.
Its strap discarded, with no system or order.
ياO أَيّهاyou الملكُthe king الّذيwho لجلالهfor his majesty
يا أَيّها الملكُ الّذي لجلاله
يُتَعَلَّمُare learned التّوقيرُreverence والإعظامُand veneration
يُتَعَلَّمُ التّوقيرُ والإعظامُ
O king, from whose majesty
And the spring - the copious rain takes away its branches' yield,
reverence and veneration are learned,
While, avoiding harm, the pair of tattooed dark doves escaped.
صَبراًpatience! فَبِالأدبِfor through the bearing الّذيthat أسلفتَهyou previously showed it
صَبراً فَبِالأدبِ الّذي أسلفتَه
فيin النّائباتِcalamities تَأَدَّبَlearned proper conduct الأقوامُthe peoples
في النّائباتِ تَأَدَّبَ الأقوامُ
be patient: from the bearing you have already shown
A cleft is not made save in the side of an aged oryx,
in misfortunes, peoples have learned how to bear themselves.
From which fault and blemish are absent when mature.
أينwhere التَّشَرُّزُfierce defiance للخطوبagainst calamities وأينand where ذاstart of 'that'
أين التَّشَرُّزُ للخطوب وأين ذا
كcompletion of 'that' الصّبرُpatience والإطراقُand lowering the gaze والإزمامُand restrained silence
ك الصّبرُ والإطراقُ والإزمامُ
Where is your fierce defiance of calamities, and where is that
Only the base leaves the priceless, but the noble
patience, that lowered gaze and bridled silence?
When priceless is gone take no shame.
فالثِّقْلُfor the burden لاnot يسطيعهcan bear it منof شارفٍan aged she-camel
فالثِّقْلُ لا يسطيعه من شارفٍ
كوماءِhigh-humped إلّاexcept غاربٌthe withers وسنامُand a hump
كوماءِ إلّا غاربٌ وسنامُ
For nothing on an aged she-camel can bear the burden,
War snatches away the valiant, while the weak,
high-humped though she be, except her withers and hump.
The cowardly, the flinching remain preserved from it.
والنّبعُand the nabʿ tree تسلبهrobs it النَّجابةُexcellence فرعَهُits branch
والنّبعُ تسلبه النَّجابةُ فرعَهُ
ونجاand survived بلؤمٍthrough baseness خِرْوَعٌa castor plant وثُمامُand thumām grass
ونجا بلؤمٍ خِرْوَعٌ وثُمامُ
And the nabʿ tree's excellence robs it of its branch,
Cubs - their cubs - in whom nobility runs out:
while baseness saves castor and thumām grass.
For us, after them remain the scavenging hyenas.
والثَّلْمُand chipping ليسdoes not يَكونoccur إِلّاexcept فيin ظُباthe edges of الthe (continued next line)
والثَّلْمُ ليس يَكون إِلّا في ظُبا ال
ماضىkeen blade ويخلوand is free منهof it وهْوَwhile it is كَهامُblunt
ماضى ويخلو منه وهْوَ كَهامُ
And chipping occurs only in the edges of the
An oryx herd whose leader expires:
keen blade; a blunt one remains free of it.
When one perishes, for him remain the vultures.
والبُخلand miserliness يتّرِكleaves النّفيسَthe precious thing وإِنّماand only
والبُخل يتّرِك النّفيسَ وإِنّما
فقدlost النّفائسَprecious things ماstart of 'noble men' جدونcompletion of 'noble men' كِرامُgenerous
فقد النّفائسَ ما جدون كِرامُ
Miserliness leaves precious things intact; it is only
Time has taken a soul, and left souls behind:
noble, generous men who lose their treasures.
Then go, dove, and no blame is upon you.
والحربُand war تقتنصhunts down الشّجاعَthe brave man وآمِنٌwhile safe
والحربُ تقتنص الشّجاعَ وآمِنٌ
فيهاin it المَنونَdeath الواهنُthe feeble man المِحجامُthe battle-shirker
فيها المَنونَ الواهنُ المِحجامُ
War hunts down the brave, while safe
More deserving than us to weep for him whom
from death in it is the feeble man who shrinks from battle.
Time robbed of favor and grace.
شِبْلٌa lion cub محاeffaced فيهin his case الرّزيّةَthe calamity إِنّهthe fact that
شِبْلٌ محا فيه الرّزيّةَ إِنّه
باقٍremains لناfor us منfrom بعدهafter him الضّرغامُthe mighty lion
باقٍ لنا من بعده الضّرغامُ
A lion cub: his loss is effaced by the fact
The horses, their necks now bowed down,
that the mighty lion remains to us after him.
As if their saddlebags and harnesses were graves and cinders.
وثنيّةٍand a mountain pass منof يَذْبُلٍYadhbul جُدناwe gave freely بهاwith it
وثنيّةٍ من يَذْبُلٍ جُدنا بها
إِذْsince يَذْبُلٌYadhbul خَلَفٌa replacement لهfor him وشَمامُand Shamām
إِذْ يَذْبُلٌ خَلَفٌ له وشَمامُ
And a mountain pass of Yadhbul we freely relinquished,
Neither have they approached the descent, nor has the saddle
since Yadhbul and Shamām stand in his stead.
Or bridle been absent from them.
أخذtook الرّدىdeath نفساًa soul وغادرand left أنفساًa more precious one
أخذ الرّدى نفساً وغادر أنفساً
فاِذهَبْso go حمامُO Death فماfor no عليكupon you مَلامُblame
فاِذهَبْ حمامُ فما عليك مَلامُ
Death took a soul and left a more precious one;
Let the blunt lance, made mute, weep - paralyzed
so go your way, O Death: no blame rests on you.
Are its movements, and the old barren palm trunk.
وأحقُّand more entitled منّاthan we بالبكاءto weeping علىover الّذيthe one whom
وأحقُّ منّا بالبكاء على الّذي
سلبstole الزّمانُtime الفضلُexcellence والإنعامُand beneficence
سلب الزّمانُ الفضلُ والإنعامُ
And more entitled than we to weep for the one
Those who delayed have pitched their travel-worn mounts' forelocks
Time has stolen are excellence and beneficence,
In his courtyard - halted there, annihilated.
والخيلُand the horses قانيةُdeep crimson النّحورِat the throats كأنّماas though
والخيلُ قانيةُ النّحورِ كأنّما
بجلودهاon their hides الحِنّاءُhenna والعُلّامُand ʿullām dye
بجلودها الحِنّاءُ والعُلّامُ
and the horses, crimson-throated, as though
They hastened at dawn, to seize the riches, and take their ease
their hides were dyed with henna and ʿullām.
When the fruits of dew had ripened, they stayed on.
لمdid not يدنُcome near منهنّto them النُّزولdismounting ولمand did not يَغِبْbe absent
لم يدنُ منهنّ النُّزول ولم يَغِبْ
عنهنّfrom them إِسراجٌsaddling ولاand no إِلجامُbridling
عنهنّ إِسراجٌ ولا إِلجامُ
Dismounting never came near them; never were they
O you who have outstripped the elders, though a youth,
without saddling or bridling.
And collected the fruits of old age while still a boy.
ولْيَبكِهِand let weep for him الرّمحُthe spear الأصمُّsolid تعطّلَتْwere stilled
ولْيَبكِهِ الرّمحُ الأصمُّ تعطّلَتْ
حركاتُهُits movements والباترُand the cleaving blade الصُّمْصامُthe unbending sword
حركاتُهُ والباترُ الصُّمْصامُ
Let the solid spear weep for him—stilled are
The ways of youth slink away from your sober piety,
its movements—and the cleaving, unbending sword,
And sins avoid the sanctity of your retreat.
ومؤمِّلونand hopeful seekers أَناخَmade kneel شعْثَthe shaggy ones of رِكابهمْtheir riding camels
ومؤمِّلون أَناخَ شعْثَ رِكابهمْ
بفِنائِهِin his courtyard الإنفاضُexhaustion of provisions والإعدامُand destitution
بفِنائِهِ الإنفاضُ والإعدامُ
and hopeful men, whose shaggy mounts were made to kneel
You passed away before calumny's uncertainty about you cleared,
in his courtyard by exhausted provisions and destitution.
Nor did sins cleave to you.
بكرواthey came early ليستلبواto seize الغِنىriches ويروّحواand depart at evening
بكروا ليستلبوا الغِنى ويروّحوا
فحلاso grew sweet لهمْto them ثمرُthe fruit of النّدىgenerosity فأقامواso they stayed
فحلا لهمْ ثمرُ النّدى فأقاموا
They came early to seize riches and depart at evening,
Only the hearts - they now quake with grief
but the fruit of generosity was sweet to them, so they stayed.
For your day, and tears flow copiously.
ياO نازحاًone far away فَضَلَsurpassed الأكابرthe great men ناشئاًwhile young
يا نازحاً فَضَلَ الأكابر ناشئاً
وجنىand harvested ثمارَthe fruits of السِّنِّage وهْوَwhile he was غلامُa boy
وجنى ثمارَ السِّنِّ وهْوَ غلامُ
O departed one, who surpassed the great while still young,
What! By the tomb you were made to dwell,
and harvested the fruits of age while still a boy.
Should no cloud pass over its soil?
تَزْوَرُّturn aside عنfrom صَبَواتهhis youthful inclinations سُنَنُthe ways of الصِّباyouth
تَزْوَرُّ عن صَبَواته سُنَنُ الصِّبا
وتطيحand fall away عنfrom خَلَواتهhis private moments الآثامُsins
وتطيح عن خَلَواته الآثامُ
Youth's ways turn aside from his youthful inclinations,
It should suffice it, when life lies frozen, your own pouring,
and sins fall away from his private hours.
As clouds mass, or rain pours in torrents.
وَقَضىand he died ولمand did not تقضaccomplish اللبانةُdesire رِيبةًa shameful deed
وَقَضى ولم تقض اللبانةُ رِيبةً
منهfrom him ولاnor عَلِقَتْclung بهto him الأَجرامُcrimes
منه ولا عَلِقَتْ به الأَجرامُ
He died, and desire had accomplished no shameful deed
Or that no garden adjoins his tomb, while yours,
through him, nor had crimes clung to him.
By your eminence, is a garden and haven.
أمّاas for القلوبُthe hearts فإِنّهنّthen indeed they are رواجِفٌtrembling
أمّا القلوبُ فإِنّهنّ رواجِفٌ
حزناًin grief ليومكfor your day of death والدّموعُand the tears سِجامُstreaming
حزناً ليومك والدّموعُ سِجامُ
As for hearts, they are trembling
Or that no friends visit him, while by you
in grief for your day of death, and tears are streaming.
Stands one greeting and invocation to God.
ماذاwhat harm علىto الجَدَثِthe grave الّذيin which أُسكنتَهُyou were made to dwell in it
ماذا على الجَدَثِ الّذي أُسكنتَهُ
أَلاّif no يمرَّpasses علىover ثراهits earth غمامُa cloud
أَلاّ يمرَّ على ثراه غمامُ
What harm to the grave where you were laid
A grave that rends hearts - and before it
if no cloud passes over its earth?
Tombs themselves are rent asunder.
يكفيهsuffices it منكfrom you السّكبُthe outpouring إِنْif جَمَدَceases to flow الحَياthe rain
يكفيه منك السّكبُ إِنْ جَمَدَ الحَيا
والمستهلّand the downpour إِذاwhen السّحابُthe clouds جَهامُrainless
والمستهلّ إِذا السّحابُ جَهامُ
Your outpouring suffices it if rain is withheld,
Defiled before it are inviolable spirits,
and your downpour when the clouds are rainless.
While, beside it, cattle themselves are defiled.
أوor لاnot يجاورَborder روضةًa garden وضريحُهُwhile its burial chamber
أو لا يجاورَ روضةً وضريحُهُ
منهof it بعَرْفِكthrough your fragrance روضةٌa garden ومُدامُand wine
منه بعَرْفِك روضةٌ ومُدامُ
Or if it borders no garden, when its burial chamber
We are here but for demise; it is but
is itself, through your fragrance, a garden and wine?
The days that delude us with their passage.
أوor لاnot يُحيّيهgreet it الرّفاقُthe companions وعاكفٌwhile a devoted dweller
أو لا يُحيّيه الرّفاقُ وعاكفٌ
للَّهto God منهfrom him تحيّةٌa greeting وسلامُand peace
للَّه منه تحيّةٌ وسلامُ
Or if companions do not greet it, while a devotee
And if you reflect upon time you find it
of God sends forth greeting and peace?
Fleeting, with the days of life but ill.
قبرٌa grave تُشَقُّare rent لهfor it القلوبُthe hearts وقبلهand before it
قبرٌ تُشَقُّ له القلوبُ وقبله
عندat القبورgraves تُشقّقare torn الأهدامُworn garments
عند القبور تُشقّق الأهدامُ
A grave for which hearts are rent; before it,
We rise and retire laughing, but it is
at graves, worn garments were torn.
Morn and eve that laugh at our weeping.
وتُعَقَّرُand are slaughtered المُهجُsouls الحرامُinviolable حِيالَهُbefore it
وتُعَقَّرُ المُهجُ الحرامُ حِيالَهُ
وسواهand other than it تُعقرare slaughtered عندهbeside it الأنعامُlivestock
وسواه تُعقر عنده الأنعامُ
And inviolable souls are slaughtered before it,
We rejoice at the new year, but it is the years
while at other graves livestock are slaughtered.
That pace us inexorably towards demise.
ماnot نَحنُwe إِلّاexcept للفناءِfor perishing وإِنّماand only
ما نَحنُ إِلّا للفناءِ وإِنّما
تغترّناdeceive us بمرورهاby their passing الأيّامُthe days
تغترّنا بمرورها الأيّامُ
We are destined only for perishing; it is merely
Each day, one of us strides toward the belly of the earth, to our place of rest,
the days that deceive us as they pass.
A visitor never to return, irredeemably gone.
ومتىand whenever تأمّلْتَyou reflect upon الزّمانَtime وجَدْتَهُyou find it
ومتى تأمّلْتَ الزّمانَ وجَدْتَهُ
أَجَلاًan appointed end وأَيّامُand the days of الحياةِlife سَقامُsickness
أَجَلاً وأَيّامُ الحياةِ سَقامُ
And whenever you reflect upon time, you find it
So entrust to us the protected kingdom of the King of Kings,
an appointed end; the days of life are sickness.
With you holding its reins fast from disasters.
نُضحِيwe reach morning ونُمسيand we reach evening ضاحكينlaughing وإِنّماyet only
نُضحِي ونُمسي ضاحكين وإِنّما
لبكائناfor our weeping الإصباحُdaybreak والإظلامُand nightfall
لبكائنا الإصباحُ والإظلامُ
We pass mornings and evenings laughing, yet
Fate refuses as you refuse, and does not
daybreak and nightfall are for our weeping.
Cease to flow as the Pens decree.
ونُسَرُّand we rejoice بالعامin the year الجديدnew وإنّماyet only
ونُسَرُّ بالعام الجديد وإنّما
تسريtravel by night بناwith us نحوtoward الرّدىdeath الأعوامُthe years
تسري بنا نحو الرّدى الأعوامُ
And we rejoice in the new year, yet
Success and prosperity to those you befriend,
the years carry us by night toward death.
Subjugation and oppression to those you loathe.
فيin كلّevery يومٍday زَوْرَةٌa visit منby صاحبٍa companion
في كلّ يومٍ زَوْرَةٌ من صاحبٍ
منّاfrom among us إلىto بطنthe belly of الثّرىthe earth ومقامُand a stay
منّا إلى بطن الثّرى ومقامُ
Each day there is a visit by a companion
For the kingdom - since its affairs were raised unto you -
from among us to the belly of the earth, and a stay.
Is inviolable by all men.
لاnot تُرتجىis hoped for منهfrom it إيابةُthe return of قادمٍan arriving traveler
لا تُرتجى منه إيابةُ قادمٍ
هيهاتfar from it! أعوزَis lacking منfrom ردىًdeath قَدّامُa bold, advancing man
هيهات أعوزَ من ردىً قَدّامُ
No traveler's return from it can be hoped for;
far from it! No bold man comes forth from death.
فاِسلَمْso remain safe لناfor us ملكَO king of الملوكِkings مُحَصَّناًprotected
فاِسلَمْ لنا ملكَ الملوكِ مُحَصَّناً
فيin راحتيكyour two palms منof الخطوبcalamities زِمامُa rein
في راحتيك من الخطوب زِمامُ
So remain safe for us, king of kings, protected,
with the rein of calamities held in your palms.
تأبىreject المقادرُthe decrees of fate ماwhat أبَيْتَyou rejected ولاand may not تزلْcease
تأبى المقادرُ ما أبَيْتَ ولا تزلْ
تجريrun بماin accordance with what تختارهyou choose it الأقلامُthe pens
تجري بما تختاره الأقلامُ
May fate reject what you reject, and may there be no end
to the pens' running with whatever you choose.
ولمنand for whoever هَويتَyou loved نجاحةٌsuccess وفلاحةٌand prosperity
ولمن هَويتَ نجاحةٌ وفلاحةٌ
ولمنْand for whoever شَنِئتَyou hated الكَبْتُhumiliation والإرغامُand abasement
ولمنْ شَنِئتَ الكَبْتُ والإرغامُ
And for those you love, success and prosperity;
and for those you hate, humiliation and abasement.
فالملكfor sovereignty مذْsince رُفعتْwere entrusted إليكto you أُمورُهits affairs
فالملك مذْ رُفعتْ إليك أُمورُه
حَرَمٌa sanctuary علىto كلّall الرّجالِmen حرامُforbidden
حَرَمٌ على كلّ الرّجالِ حرامُ
For sovereignty, since its affairs were entrusted to you,
is an inviolable sanctuary barred to all men.
Partial English translation: 78 of 88 Arabic lines translated.