دَقَّstruck شَوّالُShawwal فيon قَفاthe nape of رَمَضانِRamadan
دَقَّ شَوّالُ في قَفا رَمَضانِ
وَأَتىand came الفِطرُEid al-Fitr مُؤذِناًheralding بِالتَهانيwith congratulations
وَأَتى الفِطرُ مُؤذِناً بِالتَهاني
Shawwal struck Ramadan on the nape,
Shawwal knocked on the back of Ramadan
and Eid al-Fitr came heralding congratulations.
And Eid came announcing congratulations
فَجَعَلناso we made داعيthe caller to الصَبوحِmorning wine لَدَيناamong us
فَجَعَلنا داعي الصَبوحِ لَدَينا
بَدَلاًa substitute مِنfor سُحورِهِits predawn meal وَالأَذانِand the call to prayer
بَدَلاً مِن سُحورِهِ وَالأَذانِ
So we made the caller to morning wine among us
So we made the dawn caller our entertainer
a substitute for its predawn meal and the call to prayer.
Instead of its breakfast and call to prayer
وَعَزَلناand we set aside الإِدامَthe relish; accompanying food فيهِin it وَلُذناand we sought refuge
وَعَزَلنا الإِدامَ فيهِ وَلُذنا
بِقَنانٍwith bottles مَصفوفَةٍlined up وَقِيانِand singing slave-girls
بِقَنانٍ مَصفوفَةٍ وَقِيانِ
And in it we set aside the food and sought refuge
And we secluded alcohol in it and indulged
with bottles set in rows and singing slave-girls.
In goblets arrayed and pitchers
وَنَحَرناand we slaughtered فيهِin it نُحورَthe throats of زِقاقٍwineskins
وَنَحَرنا فيهِ نُحورَ زِقاقٍ
وَضَرَبناand we struck بِهِin it رِقابَthe necks of دِنانِwine-jars
وَضَرَبنا بِهِ رِقابَ دِنانِ
And in it we cut the throats of wineskins
And we slaughtered in it the sacrifices of alleys
and struck off the necks of wine-jars.
And struck with it the necks of loans
وَاِستَرَحناand we rested مِنَfrom التَراويحِtarawih prayers وَاِعتَضand took in exchange
وَاِستَرَحنا مِنَ التَراويحِ وَاِعتَض
ناwe (verb suffix) بِخَفقِwith the strumming of الجُنوكِthe harps وَالعيدانِand the lutes
نا بِخَفقِ الجُنوكِ وَالعيدانِ
And we rested from tarawih prayers, taking in their place
And we rested from the Tarawih and were busy
the strumming of harps and lutes.
With the fluttering of the spears and festivals
فَالمَزاميرُso the reed-pipes فيin دُجاهُits darkness زُمورٌpiping sounds
فَالمَزاميرُ في دُجاهُ زُمورٌ
وَالمَثانيand the paired strings مَثالِثٌthrees وَمَثانيand twos
وَالمَثاني مَثالِثٌ وَمَثاني
So the reed-pipes are piping in its darkness,
So the musical instruments in its darkness are psalms
and the paired strings sound in threes and twos.
And the songs are trinities and octets
كُلَّevery يَومٍday أَروحُI go in the evening فيهِin it وَأَغدوand I go in the morning
كُلَّ يَومٍ أَروحُ فيهِ وَأَغدو
بَينَamong حورِthe houris of الجِنانِParadise وَالوِلدانِand the boys
بَينَ حورِ الجِنانِ وَالوِلدانِ
Every day in it I go at evening and at morning
Every day I go and return
among the houris of Paradise and the boys.
Between the houri of paradise and the boys
لاnot تَرانيyou see me إِذاwhen رَأَيتَyou see نَقِيِّsmooth; clean الthe
لا تَراني إِذا رَأَيتَ نَقِيِّ ال
خَدِّcheek أُثنيI turn طَرفيmy gaze إِلىtoward لِحيانيa bearded man
خَدِّ أُثني طَرفي إِلى لِحياني
When you see a smooth-cheeked one, you will not see me
Don’t see me when you see the clear cheeked one
turn my gaze toward a bearded man.
Turn my gaze to my beard
مَنظَرُthe sight of الصَومِfasting مَعdespite تَوَخّيهِpursuing it عِنديin my view
مَنظَرُ الصَومِ مَع تَوَخّيهِ عِندي
مَنظَرُthe sight of الشَيبِgray hair فيin عُيونِthe eyes of الغَوانيbeautiful women
مَنظَرُ الشَيبِ في عُيونِ الغَواني
The sight of fasting, for all my observance of it, is to me
The sight of fasting with its precaution for me
like the sight of gray hair in the eyes of lovely women.
Is like seeing white hair in the eyes of the flirts
ماnever أَتانيcame to me شَعبانُSha'ban مِنfrom قَبلُbefore إِلّاexcept
ما أَتاني شَعبانُ مِن قَبلُ إِلّا
وَفُؤاديand my heart مِنfrom خَوفِهِfear of it شَعبانِtwo pieces
وَفُؤادي مِن خَوفِهِ شَعبانِ
Never before did Sha'ban come to me without
Shaban has never come to me before
my heart being split in two from fear of it.
Except my heart feared it Shaban
كَيفَhow أَستَشعِرُI feel السُرورَjoy بِشَهرٍin a month
كَيفَ أَستَشعِرُ السُرورَ بِشَهرٍ
زَعَمَclaimed الطِبُّmedicine أَنَّهُthat it is مَرَضانِtwo illnesses
زَعَمَ الطِبُّ أَنَّهُ مَرَضانِ
How can I feel joy in a month
How can I feel happy in a month
that medicine claims is two illnesses?
Medicine claimed it’s sickly
لاnot تَتِمُّare complete الأَفراحُjoys إِلّاexcept إِذاwhen عاreturned (first part)
لا تَتِمُّ الأَفراحُ إِلّا إِذا عا
دَcompletion of 'returned' سَناthe radiance of بَدرِهِits full moon إِلىto نُقصانِwaning
دَ سَنا بَدرِهِ إِلى نُقصانِ
Joys are not complete until
Happiness is not complete unless its crescent
its full moon's radiance returns to waning.
Returns to us decreasing
فيهِin it هَجرُforsaking اللَذّاتِpleasures حَتمٌcompulsory وَفيهِand in it
فيهِ هَجرُ اللَذّاتِ حَتمٌ وَفيهِ
غَيرُnot مُستَحسَنٍapproved; becoming وِصالُunion with الغَوانيbeautiful women
غَيرُ مُستَحسَنٍ وِصالُ الغَواني
In it, forsaking pleasures is compulsory, and in it
It necessarily requires abstinence from pleasures
union with lovely women is not approved.
And the union of flirts in it is undesirable
وَقَبيحٌand unbecoming فيهِin it التَنَسُّكُascetic devotion إِلّاexcept
وَقَبيحٌ فيهِ التَنَسُّكُ إِلّا
بَعدَafter سِتّينَsixty حِجَّةًa year وَثَمانيand eight
بَعدَ سِتّينَ حِجَّةً وَثَماني
And ascetic devotion in it is unbecoming, except
And asceticism in it is ugly
after sixty years and eight.
Except after sixty pilgrimages and eight
فَاِسقِنيso pour me القَهوَةَthe wine الَّتيwhich قَيلَit was said عَنهاabout it
فَاِسقِني القَهوَةَ الَّتي قَيلَ عَنها
إِنَّهاindeed it is مِنamong شَرائِطِthe stipulations of الشَيطانِSatan
إِنَّها مِن شَرائِطِ الشَيطانِ
So pour me the wine of which it has been said
So serve me the coffee that is said about it
that it is among Satan's stipulations:
That it is one of the conditions of Satan
خَندَريساًaged wine تَكادُalmost تَفعَلُacts بِالعَقon the mind (first part)
خَندَريساً تَكادُ تَفعَلُ بِالعَق
لِcompletion of 'mind' فِعلَthe action of النُعاسِdrowsiness بِالأَجفانِon the eyelids
لِ فِعلَ النُعاسِ بِالأَجفانِ
an aged wine that almost acts upon the mind
Khandarisa that almost does to the mind
as drowsiness acts upon the eyelids.
What drowsiness does to the eyelids
بِنتُa daughter of تِسعينَninety تُجتَلىis unveiled فيin يَديthe two hands of بِنdaughter (first part)
بِنتُ تِسعينَ تُجتَلى في يَدي بِن
تِcompletion of 'daughter' ثَلاثٍthree وَأَربَعٍand four وَثَمانِand eight
تِ ثَلاثٍ وَأَربَعٍ وَثَمانِ
A daughter of ninety years, unveiled in the hands
A ninety year old served in my hand by
of a daughter of three and four and eight years.
A thirty four or thirty eight year old
كُلَّماwhenever زادَتِincreased البَصائِرُdiscernment نَقصاًin deficiency
كُلَّما زادَتِ البَصائِرُ نَقصاً
خَطَبوهاthey courted her بِوافِدِwith newly arriving الأَثمانِpayments
خَطَبوها بِوافِدِ الأَثمانِ
Whenever discernment grows more deficient,
The less insight the sought her
they court her with fresh offers of payment.
With the newly arrived valuables
شَمسُa sun of راحٍwine تُريكَshows you فيin كُلِّevery دَورٍround
شَمسُ راحٍ تُريكَ في كُلِّ دَورٍ
بِبِدورِwith the full moons of السُقاةِthe cupbearers حُكمَthe effect of قِرانِconjunction
بِبِدورِ السُقاةِ حُكمَ قِرانِ
A sun of wine, showing you in every round
A resting sun that shows you in every house
the effect of conjunction with the cupbearers' full moons.
The ruling of the water-carriers' buckets
ذاتُpossessing لُطفٍdelicacy يَظُنَّهاthinks it مَنwhoever حَساهاsips it
ذاتُ لُطفٍ يَظُنَّها مَن حَساها
خُلِقَتwas created مِنfrom طَبائِعِthe temperaments of الإِنسانِhumankind
خُلِقَت مِن طَبائِعِ الإِنسانِ
So delicate that whoever sips her thinks
A gentle being whom whoever feels her
she was made from the elements of human nature.
Thinks she is created from human nature
سِيَّماespecially فيin الخَريفِautumn إِذاwhen بَرَدَgrew cool الظِلthe shade (first part)
سِيَّما في الخَريفِ إِذا بَرَدَ الظِل
لُcompletion of 'shade' وَصَحَّand was assured اِعتِدالُthe balance of فَصلِthe season of الزَمانِtime
لُ وَصَحَّ اِعتِدالُ فَصلِ الزَمانِ
Especially in autumn, when the shade grows cool
Especially in autumn when the shade cools
and the season's balance is assured;
And the season's weather becomes moderate
وَاِنتِشارُand the spreading of الغُيومِclouds فيat مَبدَإِthe beginning of الفَصthe season (first part)
وَاِنتِشارُ الغُيومِ في مَبدَإِ الفَص
لِcompletion of 'season' وَشَمسُand the sun of الخَريفِautumn فيin الميزانِLibra
لِ وَشَمسُ الخَريفِ في الميزانِ
and clouds spread at the beginning of the season,
And the clouds begin to spread in the season
and autumn's sun is in Libra.
And the autumn sun is in Libra
وَبِساطُand the carpet of الأَزهارِflowers كَالوَشيِlike brocade وَالغَيand the clouds (first part)
وَبِساطُ الأَزهارِ كَالوَشيِ وَالغَي
مُcompletion of 'clouds' كَثوبٍlike a robe مُجَسَّمٍgiven substance مِنfrom دُخانِsmoke
مُ كَثوبٍ مُجَسَّمٍ مِن دُخانِ
And the carpet of flowers is like brocade, and the clouds
And the flower bed like brocade and haze
are like a robe given substance from smoke.
Like a broidered smoky gown
فيin رِياضِthe gardens of الفَخرِيَةِal-Fakhriyya الرَحبَةِbroad; spacious الأَكthe reaches (first part)
في رِياضِ الفَخرِيَةِ الرَحبَةِ الأَك
نافِcompletion of 'reaches' ذاتِpossessing الفُنونِvarieties وَالأَفنانِand boughs
نافِ ذاتِ الفُنونِ وَالأَفنانِ
In the gardens of al-Fakhriyya, with their broad reaches,
In the spacious beautiful gardens of Fakhriyya
rich in varied beauties and boughs,
Of diverse arts and talents
فَوقَupon فُرشٍbedding; couches مَبثوثَةٍspread out وَزَرابِيand carpets (first part)
فَوقَ فُرشٍ مَبثوثَةٍ وَزَرابِي
يٍcompletion of 'carpets' عِتاقٍfine; choice وَعَبقَرِيٍّand sumptuous rugs حِسانِbeautiful
يٍ عِتاقٍ وَعَبقَرِيٍّ حِسانِ
upon spread-out bedding and carpets
Above scattered furnishings and antique
of fine quality, and beautiful sumptuous rugs,
And marvelous silk rugs
صَحَّbecame certain عِنديto me بِأَنَّهاthat it is جَنَّةُthe Garden of الخُلeternity (first part)
صَحَّ عِندي بِأَنَّها جَنَّةُ الخُل
دِcompletion of 'eternity' وَفيهاand in it عَينانِtwo springs نَضّاخَتانِgushing abundantly
دِ وَفيها عَينانِ نَضّاخَتانِ
I know for certain that it is the Garden of Eternity,
It is true to me that it is the garden of eternity
and within it are two gushing springs.
In it two gushing springs
وَكَأَنَّand as though الهِضابَthe hills بيضُwhite خُدودٍcheeks
وَكَأَنَّ الهِضابَ بيضُ خُدودٍ
ضَرَّجَتهاflushed them red شَقائِقُanemones النُعمانِal-Nu'man (flower epithet)
ضَرَّجَتها شَقائِقُ النُعمانِ
And the hills are like white cheeks
And it is as if the slopes are cheeks of white
that anemones have flushed with red.
Dotted with anemone of Nu'man
وَكَأَنَّand as though المِياهَthe waters دَمعُtears of سُرورٍjoy
وَكَأَنَّ المِياهَ دَمعُ سُرورٍ
وَكَأَنَّand as though الرِياحَthe winds قَلبُthe heart of جَبانِa coward
وَكَأَنَّ الرِياحَ قَلبُ جَبانِ
And the waters are like tears of joy,
And it is as if the water is tears of joy
and the winds like a coward's heart.
And it is as if the winds are the heart of the coward
وَشُموسُand the suns of المُدامِwine تُشرِقُshine وَالصَحand the companions (first part)
وَشُموسُ المُدامِ تُشرِقُ وَالصَح
بُcompletion of 'companions' بِظِلِّbeneath the shade of الغَمامِclouds فيin صيوانِa pavilion
بُ بِظِلِّ الغَمامِ في صيوانِ
And the suns of wine shine, while the companions
And the wine suns shine while the morning
are in a pavilion beneath the clouds' shade.
Is in the shade of clouds in goblets
فَاِسقِنيso pour me صِرفَهاits unmixed wine فَإِنَّfor indeed جَديدَthe fresh; new الthe
فَاِسقِني صِرفَها فَإِنَّ جَديدَ ال
غَيمِclouds يَدعوcalls إِلىfor عَتيقِthe old الدَنانِwine-jars
غَيمِ يَدعو إِلى عَتيقِ الدَنانِ
So pour me the wine unmixed, for fresh
So serve me its drink for the new
clouds call for old wine-jars.
Cloud calls to the aged presses
وَلَكَand yours is الرُتبَةُthe rank الَّتيwhich قَصَّرَتfell short دوshort of (first part)
وَلَكَ الرُتبَةُ الَّتي قَصَّرَت دو
نَcompletion of 'short of' عُلاهاits heights النيرانُthe two luminaries وَالفَرقَدانِand the two Farqad stars
نَ عُلاها النيرانُ وَالفَرقَدانِ
Yours is the rank whose heights lie beyond the reach
And you have the rank that fires fell short
of the two luminaries and the two Farqad stars;
Of its sublimity and meteors
وَالحُسامُand the sword الَّذيwhich إِذاwhen صَلَّتِrang البيthe bright blades (first part)
وَالحُسامُ الَّذي إِذا صَلَّتِ البي
ضُcompletion of 'bright blades' وَصَلَّتand clanged فيagainst البَيضِthe helmets وَالأَبدانِand the bodies
ضُ وَصَلَّت في البَيضِ وَالأَبدانِ
and yours is the sword that, when bright blades ring
And the sword which when the whites reconciled
and clash against helmets and bodies,
They reconciled in the whites and bodies
قامَstood فيin حَومَةِthe thick of الهِياجِbattle خَطيباًas a preacher
قامَ في حَومَةِ الهِياجِ خَطيباً
قائِلاًsaying كُلُّall مَنwho عَلَيهاupon it فانِmortal; perishing
قائِلاً كُلُّ مَن عَلَيها فانِ
stands as a preacher in the thick of battle,
It stood in the fury of the frenzy as an orator
saying, 'All who are upon it shall perish.'
Saying all upon it will perish
وَاليَراعُand the reed pen الَّذيwhich يَزيدُincreases بِقَطعِwith the cutting of الthe
وَاليَراعُ الَّذي يَزيدُ بِقَطعِ ال
رَأسِhead نُطقاًin eloquence مِنfrom بَعدِafter شَقِّthe splitting of اللِسانِthe tongue
رَأسِ نُطقاً مِن بَعدِ شَقِّ اللِسانِ
And the reed pen whose eloquence increases with the cutting
And the mace which increases eloquence
of its head, after the splitting of its tongue.
By cutting off the head after the slitting of the tongue
لَمnot يَمَسَّtouched التُرابَthe dust نَعلاكَyour two sandals إِلexcept (first part)
لَم يَمَسَّ التُرابَ نَعلاكَ إِل
لاcompletion of 'except' حَسَدَتهُenvied it مَعاقِدُthe fastening places of التيجانِcrowns
لا حَسَدَتهُ مَعاقِدُ التيجانِ
Your sandals never touched the dust without
Your slipper has not touched the dust
the brows that bear crowns envying it.
Except envied by the crowns
شِيَمٌvirtues لَمnot تَكُنwere لِغَيرِكَfor anyone besides you إِلّاexcept
شِيَمٌ لَم تَكُن لِغَيرِكَ إِلّا
لِمَعاليfor the high virtues of شَقيقِكَyour brother السُلطانِthe sultan
لِمَعالي شَقيقِكَ السُلطانِ
Virtues found in no one other than you, save
A quality that did not belong to other than you
among the lofty virtues of your brother the sultan.
Except for the virtues of your brother the Sultan
جَمَعَunited اللَهُGod فيكُماin you both الحُسنَbeauty وَالإِحand beneficence (first part)
جَمَعَ اللَهُ فيكُما الحُسنَ وَالإِح
سانَcompletion of 'beneficence' إِذwhen كُنتُماyou both were رَضيعَيtwo sucklings of لِبانِbreast milk
سانَ إِذ كُنتُما رَضيعَي لِبانِ
God united beauty and beneficence in you both,
God combined beauty and benevolence in you two
when you were sucklings of the same milk.
As you were two sucklers of milk
وَتَجارَيتُماand you both raced one another إِلىtoward حَلبَةِthe arena of المَجglory (first part)
وَتَجارَيتُما إِلى حَلبَةِ المَج
دِcompletion of 'glory' فَوافَيتُماso you both arrived كَمُهرَيlike two colts in رِهانِa race for stakes
دِ فَوافَيتُما كَمُهرَي رِهانِ
And you both raced one another toward the arena of glory
And you raced to the field of glory
and arrived like two colts racing for stakes.
So you reached like the two racing horses
ثُمَّthen عاضَدتُهُyou supported him فَكُنتُso you became لَهُfor him عَيan eye (first part)
ثُمَّ عاضَدتُهُ فَكُنتُ لَهُ عَي
ناًcompletion of 'eye' وَعَوناًand a helper فيin كُلِّevery حَربٍwar عَوانِoft-renewed
ناً وَعَوناً في كُلِّ حَربٍ عَوانِ
Then you supported him, becoming his eye
Then I supported him so I was to him
and his helper in every oft-renewed war.
An eye and a help in every hostile war
فَتَهَنَّso enjoy بِالعيدِin the feast السَعيدِjoyous وَإِنeven though كاwas/is (first part)
فَتَهَنَّ بِالعيدِ السَعيدِ وَإِن كا
نَcompletion of 'was/is' لِكُلِّfor all الأَنامِmankind مِنهُfrom it التَهانيcongratulations
نَ لِكُلِّ الأَنامِ مِنهُ التَهاني
So enjoy the joyous feast, even though
So congratulate on the happy Eid even
it brings congratulations to all mankind.
Though congratulations are for all people from it
لَيسَthere is not ليfor me فيin صِفاتِdescriptions of مَجدِكَyour glory فَخرٌpride; credit
لَيسَ لي في صِفاتِ مَجدِكَ فَخرٌ
هِيَthey أَبدَتrevealed لَناto us بَديعَwondrous المَعانيmeanings
هِيَ أَبدَت لَنا بَديعَ المَعاني
I can take no credit for describing your glory;
I have no pride in describing your glories
its qualities have revealed wondrous meanings to us.
They have revealed to us the wonders of meanings
كُلَّماwhenever أَبدَعَتcreated anew سَجاياكَyour innate virtues مَعنىًa meaning
كُلَّما أَبدَعَت سَجاياكَ مَعنىً
نَظَمَتcomposed in verse فِكرَتيmy thought وَخَطَّand wrote بَنانيmy fingertips
نَظَمَت فِكرَتي وَخَطَّ بَناني
Whenever your virtues create a meaning,
Whenever your traits create a meaning
my thought weaves it into verse, and my fingertips write it.
My thought composes and my fingertip writes
لاdo not تَسُمنيcharge me بِالشَعرِin verse شُكرَthanks for أَياديfavors
لا تَسُمني بِالشَعرِ شُكرَ أَيادي
كَyour (possessive suffix) فَماfor not ليfor me بِشُكرِهِنَّto thank them يَدانِtwo hands
كَ فَما لي بِشُكرِهِنَّ يَدانِ
Do not charge me to thank your favors in verse,
Do not name me in poetry grateful for your favors
for I have no pair of hands equal to thanking them.
For I do not have hands for their gratitude
لَوif نَظَمتُI strung; composed النُجومَthe stars شِعراًas verse لَماI would not كاrepaid (first part)
لَو نَظَمتُ النُجومَ شِعراً لَما كا
فَيتُcompletion of 'I repaid' عَنfor بَعضِpart of ذَلِكَthat الإِحسانِbeneficence
فَيتُ عَن بَعضِ ذَلِكَ الإِحسانِ
If I strung the stars into verse, I could not
If I strung the stars into poetry
repay even part of that beneficence.
I still would not suffice from some of that benevolence