أهيis it? الجنةthe Paradise التيwhich وعدpromised اللهGod
أهي الجنة التي وعد الله
بهاwith it المتقينthe God-fearing أمor باريسParis
بها المتقين أم باريس
Is it the Paradise that God promised
Is this the Paradise that Allah promised
To the God-fearing, or is it Paris?
The righteous, or is it Paris,
وهوand it وردroses علىupon غصونbranches تمشتwalked
وهو ورد على غصون تمشت
أمor بدورfull moons تنزلتdescended وشموسand suns
أم بدور تنزلت وشموس
And is it roses upon branches that walk,
With flowers hanging from its branches,
Or full moons and suns that have descended?
Or blazing suns descending on it,
أمor هيthey الحورthe houris فيin مطارفornate cloaks خزsilk-and-wool fabric
أم هي الحور في مطارف خز
أمor غوانbeautiful women بينamong الرياضthe gardens تميسsway gracefully
أم غوان بين الرياض تميس
Or are they houris in silken cloaks,
Is it the huris in tents of satin,
Or beauties swaying among the gardens?
Or flirtatious beauties alluring Iblis,
أمor هيthey الظبياتthe gazelles أمor غاوياتseductresses
أم هي الظبيات أم غاويات
ساحراتenchantresses يغريtempts بهاthrough them ابليسIblis
ساحرات يغري بها ابليس
Or are they gazelles, or seductresses—
With a thousand hues shining on fabrics,
Enchantresses through whom Iblis tempts?
Or is it their glow that is felt,
وبروقand flashes بالفin a thousand لونcolor علىupon الحيthe walls (first part)
وبروق بالف لون على الحي
طان(ending of 'walls') تبدوappear أمor ضؤهاtheir light المحسوسperceptible
طان تبدو أم ضؤها المحسوس
And flashes in a thousand colors on the
With palaces adorned with feathers
Walls appear—or is it their palpable light?
And everything desired by souls,
وقصورand palaces تزينتwere adorned برياشwith rich furnishings
وقصور تزينت برياش
وحوتand contained كلall ماthat تحبlove النفوسthe souls
وحوت كل ما تحب النفوس
And palaces adorned with rich furnishings,
Of food and luxuries and books
Containing all that souls desire:
And goblets shining like gems,
منof طعامfood ومقعدand a seat وكتابand a book
من طعام ومقعد وكتاب
وكؤوسand cups تجلىgleams بهاin them الخندريسaged wine
وكؤوس تجلى بها الخندريس
Food, seats, and books,
Or is it boutiques where oud is played
And cups in which aged wine gleams.
And furnishings and clothes are sold,
أمor دكاshops (first part) كين(ending of 'shops') يضربis played العودthe oud فيهاin them
أم دكا كين يضرب العود فيها
ويباعand is sold المفروشthe furnishings والملبوسand the clothing
ويباع المفروش والملبوس
Or shops in which the oud is played,
And behind glass windows, boutiques
And furnishings and clothing are sold?
Filled with exquisite wares,
ووراءand behind الزجاجthe glass فيin الفa thousand دكاshop (first part)
ووراء الزجاج في الف دكا
ن(ending of 'shop') الوفthousands المتاعthe wares زاهradiant نفيسprecious
ن الوف المتاع زاه نفيس
And behind glass, in a thousand shops,
Or pictures that captivate the mind,
Thousands of wares, radiant and precious.
So fair that Burgess is humbled,
أمor تصاويرpictures تلكthose تستلبseize
أم تصاوير تلك تستلب
اللبthe mind يعنوbows لحسنهاbefore their beauty البرجيسJupiter
اللب يعنو لحسنها البرجيس
Or are those pictures that captivate
Rather, perfect copies made
The mind, whose beauty makes Jupiter bow?
By a supreme artist of taste,
بلrather عروضdisplays تنزهتare free عنof مثالan equal
بل عروض تنزهت عن مثال
حاطهاenfolded them بالكمالin perfection ذوقtaste رئيسmasterful
حاطها بالكمال ذوق رئيس
Rather, displays beyond compare,
Without excess, deception or fraud,
Enfolded in perfection by masterful taste.
Are those wonders or wheeled vehicles
ليسthere is no فيهاin them قولsaying لليتof 'if only' ولاnor فيin
ليس فيها قول لليت ولا في
صنعهاtheir making خدعةtrickery ولاnor تدليسdeception
صنعها خدعة ولا تدليس
There is no 'if only' about them, nor in
Measuring lands without horses,
Their making any trickery or deceit.
Or palaces whispering,
وسهأمand arrows هاتيكthose أمor عجلاتcarriages
وسهأم هاتيك أم عجلات
دونwithout خيلhorses عرضthe breadth البلادof the land تقيسmeasure
دون خيل عرض البلاد تقيس
And are those arrows, or carriages
Transporting creatures for cheap fares,
Without horses, measuring the breadth of the land?
While seated in comfort,
وسواهاand others besides them تسيرmove فيin عرضthe breadth الشاthe street (first part)
وسواها تسير في عرض الشا
رع(ending of 'street') كالبرقlike lightning أمor قصورpalaces تميسsway gracefully
رع كالبرق أم قصور تميس
And others move across the
And are these gardens or a parade
Street like lightning—or are they gliding palaces?
Of hurs, or a place for weddings,
ناقلاتcarrying منof الخلائقthe people عشراtens (first part)
ناقلات من الخلائق عشرا
ت(ending of 'tens') بادنىat the lowest الاجورthe fares فيهاinside them جلوسseated
ت بادنى الاجور فيها جلوس
Carrying people by the tens,
With stars dimmed by lamps atop,
Seated inside, at the lowest fares.
Or are they suns giving it light,
وبساتينand gardens هذهthese أمor ممرa walkway الthe (for 'houris')
وبساتين هذه أم ممر ال
حورhouris أمor ساحةa square فيهاin it التعريسresting for the night
حور أم ساحة فيها التعريس
And are these gardens, or a walkway for the
And whichever way you turn, etiquette
Houris, or a square for resting at night?
And beauty enchant souls,
ونجومand stars قدرalready; start of 'mounted' كبت(ending of 'mounted') فوقabove عمpillars (text unclear)
ونجوم قدر كبت فوق عم
أمor مصابيحهاits lamps عليهاabove it شموسsuns
أم مصابيحها عليها شموس
And stars mounted above pillars—
And gardens reminding of Eden's gardens
Or are its lamps suns above it?
That place now aged and this a bride,
وترىand you see كيفماwherever توجهتyou turn ظرفاelegance
وترى كيفما توجهت ظرفا
وجمالاand beauty تهيمare enraptured فيهby it النفوسthe souls
وجمالا تهيم فيه النفوس
And wherever you turn you see elegance
With thrones, and Sheba's queen beside them
And beauty in which souls lose themselves.
A sign she never imagined,
وجناناand gardens تنسيكmake you forget ماwhat قيلwas said فيof جنgardens (first part)
وجنانا تنسيك ما قيل في جن
ات(ending of 'gardens') عدنEden واليومand today تلكthat one القدموسancient
ات عدن واليوم تلك القدموس
And gardens that make you forget what was said of the gardens
With statues towering overhead
Of Eden—today that one is ancient.
Memphis would bow before this sight,
تلكthat one كانتwas يوماonce لقومfor a people وقدand has already اضbecome (first part)
تلك كانت يوما لقوم وقد اض
حت(ending of 'become') عجوزاan old woman واليومand today هذيthis one عروسa bride
حت عجوزا واليوم هذي عروس
That once belonged to a people, and has now
Are these creations or angels
Become an old woman; today this one is a bride.
Whose beauty has captured Paris,
وعروشاand thrones وأينand where بلقيسBilqis منهاin comparison with them
وعروشا وأين بلقيس منها
آيةa marvel ماnever تخيلتهاimagined it بلقيسBilqis
آية ما تخيلتها بلقيس
And thrones—where is Bilqis beside them?
Of marble and ivory, and in it an ode
A marvel Bilqis never imagined.
No beauty compares to this,
ودمىand statues فوقatop اعمدcolumns نصبوهاthey erected them
ودمى فوق اعمد نصبوها
لوif رأتهاshe saw them لطأطأتshe would bow her head ممفيسMemphis
لو رأتها لطأطأت ممفيس
And statues they erected atop columns:
And the learned built statues
If Memphis saw them, she would bow her head.
Not for bones but minds to revere,
ادىfigures? (text unclear) تلكthose أمor ملائكangels حسنof beauty
ادى تلك أم ملائك حسن
قدhave تدلتdescended فعلقتهاand so she hung them up باريسParis
قد تدلت فعلقتها باريس
Are those [figures], or angels of beauty
And for great men, lofty buildings
That descended, and Paris hung them up?
Without flaw or defect,
منof رخامmarble كالعاجlike ivory والظرفand elegance فيهin it
من رخام كالعاج والظرف فيه
منشدsinging ماthere is no لذاfor this الجمالbeauty مقيسa match
منشد ما لذا الجمال مقيس
Of marble like ivory, with elegance therein
They worshipped knowledge and beauty, and shone
Singing, 'This beauty has no equal.'
A nation where perfection lies,
ولأهلand for people of العلومthe sciences شادواthey erected تماثيstatues (first part)
ولأهل العلوم شادوا تماثي
لا(ending of 'statues') لاعظامهاin reverence for them تخرbow down الرؤوسthe heads
لا لاعظامها تخر الرؤوس
And for people of learning they raised statues;
Thousands beneath Paris flow
In reverence for them, heads bow.
And thousands above soar,
ولأرماسهمand for their tombs اقامواthey erected بناءa structure
ولأرماسهم اقاموا بناء
سامياlofty ليسnot يعتريهafflicts it دروسdecay
ساميا ليس يعتريه دروس
And over their tombs they erected a structure
And thousands of creatures move
Lofty, untouched by decay.
Or sit still through its quarters,
عبدواthey worshipped العلمlearning والجمالand beauty واضحواand became
عبدوا العلم والجمال واضحوا
أمةa nation عندهاwith it الكمالperfection حبيسheld captive
أمة عندها الكمال حبيس
They worshipped learning and beauty, and became
Thousands pursue vanity and folly
A nation in which perfection is held captive.
While thousands find books as friends,
فألوفso thousands منfrom تحتbeneath باريسParis تجريrun
فألوف من تحت باريس تجري
والوفand thousands فوقabove الهواءthe air تجوسroam
والوف فوق الهواء تجوس
So thousands run beneath Paris,
Thousands hurry to churches
And thousands roam high in the air;
Whenever bells call to prayer,
وألوفand thousands منof الخلائقpeople فيin احquarters (first part)
وألوف من الخلائق في اح
يائهاits (ending of 'quarters') سائرونwalking أوor همthey جلوسseated
يائها سائرون أو هم جلوس
And thousands of people in its
And thousands rush to livelihood
Quarters are walking or sitting.
While all other pace is nonsense,
وألوفand thousands تسعىseek للهوfor amusement وقصفand revelry
وألوف تسعى للهو وقصف
والوفand thousands لهاfor them الكتابthe book انيسa companion
والوف لها الكتاب انيس
And thousands seek amusement and revelry,
And thousands on ships seem
And thousands have books for company.
As if naught but rivers remain,
والوفand thousands إلىto الكنائسthe churches تجريhurry
والوف إلى الكنائس تجري
كلماwhenever دقrings للصلاةfor prayer الناقوسthe bell
كلما دق للصلاة الناقوس
And thousands hurry to the churches
Schools filled with thousands
Whenever the bell rings for prayer.
And sciences taught in each,
والوفand thousands تجريrun إلىtoward الرزقlivelihood جرياat a run
والوف تجري إلى الرزق جريا
كلevery جريrunning سواهother than it جريa running هسيسfaint as a rustle
كل جري سواه جري هسيس
And thousands rush to earn their livelihood,
Theaters like palaces
All other running beside it is but a faint rustle.
While fraud builds facades,
والوفand thousands علىaboard البواخرthe steamships فيon النهthe river (first part)
والوف على البواخر في النه
ر(ending of 'river') كأنas though ماwhat سواهis other than it دربa road طميسobliterated
ر كأن ما سواه درب طميس
And thousands aboard steamships on the
Eloquence and literature manifest
River, as though every other way were obliterated.
Till Talees bows to them,
وبيوتand houses of التعليمeducation فيهاin it الوفthousands
وبيوت التعليم فيها الوف
ولكلand for all العلومthe sciences فيهاin them دروسlessons
ولكل العلوم فيها دروس
And houses of education number thousands there,
And industry attained perfection
With lessons there in every science.
With inventions filling books,
وبيوتand houses of التمثيلtheater فيهاin it قصورpalaces
وبيوت التمثيل فيها قصور
جنبهاbeside them ماwhat بنىbuilt الوجوهthe notables خسيسpaltry
جنبها ما بنى الوجوه خسيس
And houses of theater are palaces there,
Palaces of kings are gathering places
Beside which the notables' buildings are paltry.
Where lamps and chandeliers glow,
تتجلىshine فيهاin them الفصاحةeloquence والأand literature (first part)
تتجلى فيها الفصاحة والأ
داب(ending of 'literature') حتىuntil يعنوbows لهاbefore them طاليسThales
داب حتى يعنو لها طاليس
Within them shine eloquence and
All ancient things display
Literature, until Thales bows before them.
Their secrets to the keen of mind,
والصناعاتand the crafts ثمthere حازتattained كمالاperfection
والصناعات ثم حازت كمالا
باختراعthrough invention ماnot جاءmentioned فيهin it القاموسthe dictionary
باختراع ما جاء فيه القاموس
And the crafts there have achieved perfection
The creations of ancients revealed
Through inventions the dictionary has never recorded.
Safe from being sealed,
وقصورand palaces of الملوكthe kings أضحتbecame مجاميcollections (first part)
وقصور الملوك أضحت مجامي
عا(ending of 'collections') وفيهاand in them القماطthe swaddling cloth والناووسand the sarcophagus
عا وفيها القماط والناووس
And kings' palaces have become museums,
A palace that was once oppression's den
Housing swaddling bands and sarcophagi.
Is now justice and law's domain,
كلevery شيءthing منfrom أقدمthe oldest الدهرages ثاوlies
كل شيء من أقدم الدهر ثاو
تنجليare revealed للبيبto the discerning منهfrom it طروسpages
تنجلي للبيب منه طروس
Everything from the most ancient ages lies there;
And palaces where knowledge rings
From it, pages unfold for the discerning.
Be the speaker pagan or priest,
كلall علمlearning الماضينof the ancients قدhas بانbecome clear ماwhat
كل علم الماضين قد بان ما
صنعوهthey made it فلمand so did not يصبهbefall it طموسobliteration
صنعوه فلم يصبه طموس
All the learning of the ancients is revealed; what
So believers have no distinction
They made has suffered no obliteration.
From the heathens or sacred,
ربmany a قصرpalace قدonce كانwas مرتعa pasture ظلمfor oppression
رب قصر قد كان مرتع ظلم
لأناسfor people علىaccording to هواهاtheir whims تسوسrule
لأناس على هواها تسوس
Many a palace was once a pasture for oppression,
Rulers here are Jewish, Christian, Shia, Magus
For people who ruled as their whims dictated.
Justice equalized them all,
فغداso it became للقضاءfor the judiciary والعدلand justice فيهwithin it
فغدا للقضاء والعدل فيه
صارخcrying أناI فيin فرنساFrance رئيسam chief
صارخ أنا في فرنسا رئيس
Then became a court, with justice within it
Knowledge is not sold for wealth
Crying, 'I am chief in France.'
Rather souls are given for it,
وقصورand palaces يلقيdelivers علىto الناسthe people فيهاin them
وقصور يلقي على الناس فيها
خطبlectures on العلمscience كافرan unbeliever أوor قسيسa priest
خطب العلم كافر أو قسيس
And palaces where there are delivered to the people
None esteemed knowledge like them
Lectures on science, by an unbeliever or a priest.
Or scorned wealth like they do,
فهناfor here المؤمنونthe believers ليسthere is no لهمfor them فرdistinction (first part)
فهنا المؤمنون ليس لهم فر
ق(ending of 'distinction') عنfrom الكافرينthe unbelievers أوor تقديسveneration
ق عن الكافرين أو تقديس
For here believers have no
None allied ignorance for centuries
Distinction from unbelievers, nor special veneration.
Like those who left it to rot,
وهناand here الحاكمونthe rulers فيهاin it يهودJews
وهنا الحاكمون فيها يهود
ونصارىand Christians وشيعةand Shiites ومجوسand Magians
ونصارى وشيعة ومجوس
And here among those who govern are Jews,
Fortune divided fates, some blissful
Christians, Shiites, and Magians.
Others doomed and cursed,
قدhas سماrisen high العدلjustice فيin الحقوقrights لديهمamong them
قد سما العدل في الحقوق لديهم
وتساوىand became equal الرئيسthe leader والمرؤوسand the subordinate
وتساوى الرئيس والمرؤوس
Justice in their rights has risen high,
The lands too, some hellish swamps
And leader and subordinate have become equal.
Others heavenly oasis,
لاnot تباعare sold العلومthe sciences فيهاin it بامواfor money (first part)
لا تباع العلوم فيها باموا
ل(ending of 'money') ولكنbut لهاfor them تباعare sold النفوسsouls
ل ولكن لها تباع النفوس
The sciences are not sold there for
We vie in knowledge while they vie
Money; rather, souls are sold for them.
In guile and trickery,
أينماwherever سرتyou walk فيin شوارعهاits streets صاcries out (first part)
أينما سرت في شوارعها صا
ح(ending of 'cries out') بكto you العلمlearning منيfrom me التاسيسthe foundation
ح بك العلم مني التاسيس
Wherever you walk in its streets,
None circulated nonsense among them
Learning calls to you: 'From me comes the foundation.
Like these peddlers of gossip,
كلevery حسنbeauty تراهyou see it منيfrom me وعنيand through me
كل حسن تراه مني وعني
وبدونيand without me ضياؤهاits radiance تغليسgloom
وبدوني ضياؤها تغليس
Every beauty you see comes from me and through me;
Nowhere did you walk except
Without me, its radiance is gloom.
Knowledge called me its founder,
انindeed عرشيmy throne فيهاin it لعرشis surely a throne عليlofty
ان عرشي فيها لعرش علي
عبدتهshe worshipped it دونapart from الورىall mankind باريسParis
عبدته دون الورى باريس
Indeed, my throne here is a lofty throne,
Any beauty seen is from me
Worshipped by Paris alone among mankind.'
Without me, its light is darkness,
لاnot تحيطencompass اللغاتlanguages طراall together بوصفa description
لا تحيط اللغات طرا بوصف
يرتديهwears it جمالهاits beauty المحسوسperceptible
يرتديه جمالها المحسوس
Not all languages together can encompass the description
My throne in it, a lofty throne
Worn by its palpable beauty.
Paris worshipped over the world,
شاردwayward اللفظthe word عندduring نظميmy verse-making مطيعobedient
شارد اللفظ عند نظمي مطيع
ولدىand when وصفهاdescribing it عصيdefiant شموسunruly
ولدى وصفها عصي شموس
The wayward word obeys me when I compose,
Tongues cannot encompass its beauty
Yet in describing it, is defiant and unbridled.
Felt by senses and seen by eyes,
كلall ماthat فيin باريسParis شعرpoetry وحسنand beauty
كل ما في باريس شعر وحسن
آيةa marvel فتنةenchantment كمالperfection نفيسprecious
آية فتنة كمال نفيس
Everything in Paris is poetry and beauty,
Words desert me in my verse
A marvel of enchantment, a precious perfection.
And defy me when describing it,
كلall ابنائهاits children يذوقtaste جمالthe beauty الthe (for 'learning')
كل ابنائها يذوق جمال ال
علمlearning حتىeven شريرهمtheir wicked ones والخسيسand the base
علم حتى شريرهم والخسيس
All its children taste the beauty of
Everything in Paris is poetry and beauty
Learning, even their wicked and base.
A miracle, precious perfection,
كلevery انثىwoman لهاshe has منfrom العلمlearning والفضand virtue (first part)
كل انثى لها من العلم والفض
ل(ending of 'virtue') جمالa beauty تحنىare bowed لديهbefore it الرؤوسheads
ل جمال تحنى لديه الرؤوس
Every woman has, from learning and
Everyone tastes the beauty of knowledge
Virtue, a beauty before which heads bow.
Even the wicked and vile,
ليسthere is none فيamong الغاوياتthe seductresses منwho لاnot تذوقtastes الthe (for 'poetry')
ليس في الغاويات من لا تذوق ال
شعرpoetry حتىso that يقالit is said نعمhow excellent الجليسthe companion
شعر حتى يقال نعم الجليس
Among the seductresses none fails to savor
Every female has the merit of knowledge and virtue
Poetry, earning the praise, 'What a fine companion!'
Heads bow to them in respect,
كلevery عيبfault يمحىis erased بباريقin Paris (unclear spelling) الاexcept الthe (for 'ignorance')
كل عيب يمحى بباريق الا ال
جهلignorance فهوfor it is الثنارdisgrace (unclear spelling) والتنجيسand defilement
جهل فهو الثنار والتنجيس
Every fault is erased in Paris except
No coquette fails to appreciate poetry
Ignorance: it is disgrace and defilement.
Blessed is such a companion!
يتبارونthey compete فيin العلومthe sciences ورحناand we set about
يتبارون في العلوم ورحنا
نتبارىcompeting وعلمناand our learning التلبيسdeception
نتبارى وعلمنا التلبيس
They vie in the sciences, while we have come
Every flaw erased but ignorance
To vie, with deception as our learning.
It is hellfire and sacrilege,
ليسnot منthose who راجتflourished الصحائفthe journals فيهمamong them
ليس من راجت الصحائف فيهم
مثلlike منthose who عندهمamong them يروجflourishes الدسيسintrigue
مثل من عندهم يروج الدسيس
Those among whom journals flourish are not
We vie in knowledge while they vie
Like those among whom intrigue flourishes.
In cunning and trickery,
ليسnot منthose who عظمواexalted مقامthe standing أوليof those possessing العلlearning (first part)
ليس من عظموا مقام أولي العل
م(ending of 'learning') كمنlike those who عندهمamong them تعزis prized الفلوسmoney
م كمن عندهم تعز الفلوس
Those who exalt the standing of people of
Paris is not Paradise promised by God,
Learning are not like those who prize money.
But by its beauty almost seems so!
ليسnot منthose who حالفallied with الجمودstagnation قروناfor centuries
ليس من حالف الجمود قرونا
مثلlike منthose who غادرleft الجمادinert matter يميسswaying
مثل من غادر الجماد يميس
Those allied with stagnation for centuries are not
Like those who have set inert matter swaying.
قسمتwere divided فيamong الورىmankind الحظوظfortunes فبعضso some
قسمت في الورى الحظوظ فبعض
فيin سعودgood fortune وبعضهمand some of them منحوسill-starred
في سعود وبعضهم منحوس
Fortunes have been divided among mankind: some
Have good fortune, while others are ill-starred.
وكذاكand likewise البلادlands منهاsome of them جحيمhell
وكذاك البلاد منها جحيم
بذوبهاwith its melting (unclear text) وبعضهاand some of them فردوسparadise
بذوبها وبعضها فردوس
So too with lands: some are a hell
With its melting [unclear text], while others are paradise.
Partial English translation: 120 of 126 Arabic lines translated.