منwho will aid لِصَبٍّfor a lovesick man صَباthe east wind المَعاهدof old haunts أَشجاهhas saddened him
من لِصَبٍّ صَبا المَعاهد أَشجاه
فَأَحالَتso transformed يَدthe hand النَوىof separation مِنهُof him حالاa condition
فَأَحالَت يَد النَوى مِنهُ حالا
Who will aid a lover whom the east wind of old haunts has saddened?
The hand of separation has transformed his state.
هاجstirred وَجداًlonging بِهِin him تذكرremembering مَغناهhis dwelling
هاج وَجداً بِهِ تذكر مَغناه
عِندَماwhen هَبَّتblew النَسيمthe breeze شمالاfrom the north
عِندَما هَبَّت النَسيم شمالا
Remembering his dwelling stirred longing in him
when the breeze blew from the north.
ياO نَسيماًbreeze رَوىrecounted لَناto us عطرthe fragrance رَيّاهof its sweet scent
يا نَسيماً رَوى لَنا عطر رَيّاه
خَبَراًnews عَنabout طُلولهhis ruined dwellings فَأَطالاand spoke at length
خَبَراً عَن طُلوله فَأَطالا
O breeze, whose sweet fragrance recounted to us
news of his ruined dwellings, and dwelt on it at length.
مَلعَبthe playground الغيدof graceful maidens لِلنُفوسfor souls بِذكراهthrough remembering it
مَلعَب الغيد لِلنُفوس بِذكراه
شَجنٌa sorrow صالَcharged فيthrough القُلوبhearts وَجالاand roamed
شَجنٌ صالَ في القُلوب وَجالا
The playground of graceful maidens—its memory brings souls
a sorrow that charged through hearts and roamed within them.
وَحمامand the doves الحِمىof the sanctuary تَغنّىsang فَللّهand, by God!
وَحمام الحِمى تَغنّى فَللّه
كَمhow many شَجاsaddened مُغرَماًa lover وَدَمعاًand tears أَسالاmade flow
كَم شَجا مُغرَماً وَدَمعاً أَسالا
And the doves of the sanctuary sang—by God,
how many a lover they saddened, how many tears they made flow!
بِأَبيmy father be ransom كُلّevery أَحوَرdark-eyed one الطَرفin gaze عَيناهhis two eyes
بِأَبي كُلّ أَحوَر الطَرف عَيناه
أودعتlodged مُهجةthe heart's core المُحبّof the lover نِصالاarrowheads
أودعت مُهجة المُحبّ نِصالا
My father be ransom for every dark-eyed beauty whose eyes
have lodged arrowheads in the lover's heart.
بابليُّBabylonian اللحاظin glances تَنفثbreathe out جِفناهhis two eyelids
بابليُّ اللحاظ تَنفث جِفناه
بِفؤادinto the heart الكَليمof the wounded one سِحراًmagic حَلالاlawful
بِفؤاد الكَليم سِحراً حَلالا
Babylonian in his glances, his eyelids breathe
lawful magic into the wounded one's heart.
باتَspent the night بَدرthe full moon البهاof beauty وَقَلبيand my heart يَرعاهwatched over him
باتَ بَدر البها وَقَلبي يَرعاه
وَعُيونيand my eyes بِالأُفقon the horizon تَرعىwatched مِثالاa likeness
وَعُيوني بِالأُفق تَرعى مِثالا
Beauty's full moon spent the night, my heart watching him,
while my eyes watched his likeness on the horizon.
شفَّwasted جِسميmy body ضَنىًthrough lovesickness فَخلتso I imagined بِمرآهat the sight of him
شفَّ جِسمي ضَنىً فَخلت بِمرآه
فَوقupon مرآةthe mirror خدِّهِof his cheek القَلبthe heart خالاa beauty spot
فَوق مرآة خدِّهِ القَلب خالا
Lovesickness wasted my body; seeing him, I imagined
my heart a beauty spot upon the mirror of his cheek.
لَيتَwould that ماwhat بِالمُحبّafflicts the lover كانَwere بِأَعداهupon his enemies
لَيتَ ما بِالمُحبّ كانَ بِأَعداه
فَلَقَدfor indeed أَوسعتyou made ample بِعَذليin reproaching me مجالاscope
فَلَقَد أَوسعت بِعَذلي مجالا
Would that his enemies bore what the lover bears!
For you have made ample room for reproaching me.
وَلعمريand by my life ماnot كُلُّall ماthat which يَتَمنّاهhe desires it
وَلعمري ما كُلُّ ما يَتَمنّاه
مُستَهامٌa love-struck man يُقضىis decreed لَهُfor him أَنto ينالاattain
مُستَهامٌ يُقضى لَهُ أَن ينالا
By my life, not all that is desired
by a love-struck man is decreed for him to attain.
ياO رعىmay preserve اللَهGod عَهدَa time أُنسٍof companionship دَعوناهwe summoned it
يا رعى اللَه عَهدَ أُنسٍ دَعوناه
لِتَقاضيto claim الهَناhappiness فَلَبّىand it answered اِمتِثالاobediently
لِتَقاضي الهَنا فَلَبّى اِمتِثالا
O may God preserve a time of companionship we summoned
to claim our due of joy; it answered obediently.
كَمhow often خَلَوناwe were alone بِبَدرِwith a full moon تمٍّat its fullest جَلوناهwe unveiled him
كَم خَلَونا بِبَدرِ تمٍّ جَلوناه
وَلَقدand indeed تَمّمconsummated الجَميلthe beautiful one وِصالاunion
وَلَقد تَمّم الجَميل وِصالا
How often we were alone with a full moon we unveiled,
and the beautiful one consummated union!
راحَwent يَسعىmoving about بِكَأسwith a cup راحof wine حُميّاهits heady strength
راحَ يَسعى بِكَأس راح حُميّاه
وَمحيّاهand his face قَدindeed كَساهclothed it جَمالاin beauty
وَمحيّاه قَد كَساه جَمالا
He went about with a cup of wine, whose heady strength
and his face had clothed it in beauty.
فَحَكَتso mirrored لِلعُيونfor the eyes بِهجَةthe splendor مَجلاهof his appearance
فَحَكَت لِلعُيون بِهجَة مَجلاه
قَمَراًa moon أودعَplaced الشُموسthe suns هِلالاa crescent
قَمَراً أودعَ الشُموس هِلالا
So the splendor of his appearance mirrored for the eyes
a moon that had set suns within a crescent.
وَرَوىand recounted البَرقthe lightning ليto me حَديثthe tale ثَناياهof his front teeth
وَرَوى البَرق لي حَديث ثَناياه
وَحَكىand imitated الغَيثthe rain مَدمَعيmy tears الهطّالاpouring down
وَحَكى الغَيث مَدمَعي الهطّالا
Lightning told me the tale of his front teeth,
and the rain imitated my streaming tears.
غُصنa bough بانٍof a bān tree أَمor قَدّthe stature مَنof the one whom أَناI أَهواهI love him
غُصن بانٍ أَم قَدّ مَن أَنا أَهواه
رَنّحتهset it swaying يَدُthe hand النَسيمof the breeze فَمالاso it leaned
رَنّحته يَدُ النَسيم فَمالا
Is it a bān-tree bough, or the figure of the one I love,
that the breeze's hand has swayed, so that it leans?
وَغَزالٌand a gazelle قَدindeed تاهَgrew proud وَالقَلبand the heart مأواهhis refuge
وَغَزالٌ قَد تاهَ وَالقَلب مأواه
أَترىdo you think تيهاًin pride اِنثَنىhe turned أَمor دَلالاin coyness
أَترى تيهاً اِنثَنى أَم دَلالا
And a gazelle has grown proud, though the heart is his refuge—
did he turn away in pride, I wonder, or in coyness?
لَيتَwould that شعريI knew مَنwho ذاthat one بِصَدّيَto shun me أَفتاهcounseled him
لَيتَ شعري مَن ذا بِصَدّيَ أَفتاه
أَفظلماًwas it then unjustly سَطاhe attacked عَليَّagainst me وصالاand charged
أَفظلماً سَطا عَليَّ وصالا
If only I knew who counseled him to shun me!
Was it unjustly that he attacked me and charged?
أَمor عَذوليmy reproacher بِتَركto abandon ودّيَmy affection أَغراهtempted him
أَم عَذولي بِتَرك ودّيَ أَغراه
أَرسلmay send اللَهُGod لِلعَذولto the reproacher نكالاpunishment
أَرسل اللَهُ لِلعَذول نكالا
Or did my reproacher tempt him to forsake my love?
May God send punishment upon the reproacher!
مَلَّgrew weary سَمعيmy hearing مِنof الملامreproach وَأَعياهand exhausted it
مَلَّ سَمعي مِن الملام وَأَعياه
لُؤمthe meanness لَومof the blame الوشاةof slanderers قيلاًhearsay وَقالاand gossip
لُؤم لَوم الوشاة قيلاً وَقالا
My hearing has tired of reproach and is exhausted by
the meanness of slanderers' blame, their hearsay and gossip.
عاتِبيmy reproacher فيconcerning معذّبيmy tormentor حَسبهsufficient for him is اللَهGod
عاتِبي في معذّبي حَسبه اللَه
كَمhow greatly يَزيدhe increases اِشتِعالthe burning لبّيof my heart اِشتعالاburning
كَم يَزيد اِشتِعال لبّي اِشتعالا
My reproacher over my tormentor—God is enough to deal with him!
How he adds flame to the burning of my heart!
ولَمىand the dusky tint فيهِof his mouth لَوif يَذوقhe tasted لَماhe would not فاهspeak
ولَمى فيهِ لَو يَذوق لَما فاه
بِملامٍwith reproach وَلاnor شَكَوتُwould I complain ملالاof weariness
بِملامٍ وَلا شَكَوتُ ملالا
And had he tasted his dark lips, he would not utter
reproach, nor would I complain of weariness.
ياO نَديمboon companion اِغتنمseize مِنfrom العَيشlife أَهناهits happiest portion
يا نَديم اِغتنم مِن العَيش أَهناه
ثُمّthen رِدcome to منهلthe spring السُرورof joy زلالاclear and sweet
ثُمّ رِد منهل السُرور زلالا
O boon companion, seize life's happiest portion,
then seek the clear, sweet spring of joy.
وَاِنتهزand seize فُرصةthe opportunity الزَمانof time فَأَحلاهfor its sweetest part
وَاِنتهز فُرصة الزَمان فَأَحلاه
يَومa day أُنسٍof companionship صَفاbecame serene فَطابَthen grew pleasant فَطالاthen lasted long
يَوم أُنسٍ صَفا فَطابَ فَطالا
And seize the chance time offers, for its sweetest part is
a day of companionship, serene, then sweet, then long.
صاحِfriend مَنwhoever هَمُّهُhis concern تَكاثرُis multiplying دُنياهhis worldly wealth
صاحِ مَن هَمُّهُ تَكاثرُ دُنياه
زادَهُincreases for him همُّهاits worry أَذىًsuffering وَخَبالاand derangement
زادَهُ همُّها أَذىً وَخَبالا
Friend, whoever cares to multiply his worldly wealth,
its worries increase his suffering and confusion.
فَاِقتصدso be moderate وَاِعتَمدand rely عَلىupon كَرَمthe generosity اللَهof God
فَاِقتصد وَاِعتَمد عَلى كَرَم اللَه
وَاِقتَصرand limit yourself فيamong الوَرىhumankind عَلَيهِto Him اِتِّكالاin reliance
وَاِقتَصر في الوَرى عَلَيهِ اِتِّكالا
So be moderate, and rely upon God's generosity,
and among all people, put your trust in Him alone.
وَاِجعَلand make الصَبرpatience لِلفُؤادfor the heart مناجاهits confidant
وَاِجعَل الصَبر لِلفُؤاد مناجاه
فَاللَياليfor the nights مِنof الزَمانtime حبالىare pregnant
فَاللَيالي مِن الزَمان حبالى
And make patience the heart's confidant,
for time's nights are pregnant with things to come.
لِمَتىfor how long تعتبwill you reproach الزَمانtime وَتلحاهand revile it
لِمَتى تعتب الزَمان وَتلحاه
وَإِلىand until كَمhow long تَذمُّwill you condemn مِنهُof it فِعالاdeeds
وَإِلى كَم تَذمُّ مِنهُ فِعالا
How long will you reproach time and revile it?
And how long will you condemn its deeds?
وَلَقَدand indeed نِلتَyou have gained فيwithin حِمىthe sanctuary العزِّof honor وَالجاهand prestige
وَلَقَد نِلتَ في حِمى العزِّ وَالجاه
مِنfrom رِحابthe spacious courts الأَمينof al-Amin عَيشاًa life خضالاflourishing
مِن رِحاب الأَمين عَيشاً خضالا
Indeed, within the sanctuary of honor and rank, you have gained
a flourishing life from al-Amin's spacious courts.
الأَميرthe prince الَّذيwho نَماhas grown فرعthe branch جَدواهof his bounty
الأَمير الَّذي نَما فرع جَدواه
وَعَلىand over الخافِقينEast and West مَدَّhe spread ظِلالاshadows
وَعَلى الخافِقين مَدَّ ظِلالا
The prince whose bounty's branch has grown
and spread its shadows over East and West.
قيلit was said بَحرa sea فَقُلتso I said لُبنانLebanon مَعناهis its meaning
قيل بَحر فَقُلت لُبنان مَعناه
عَجَباًhow wondrous لِلبِحارat seas تَعلوrising above الجِبالاthe mountains
عَجَباً لِلبِحار تَعلو الجِبالا
They said, 'A sea'; I replied, 'Lebanon is its meaning.'
How wondrous that seas should rise above mountains!
عَمَّembraced إِحسانهhis beneficence الأَنامmankind وَحُسناهand his kindness
عَمَّ إِحسانه الأَنام وَحُسناه
لاmay not عدمناwe lack مِنfrom راحتيهhis two palms نَوالاbounty
لا عدمنا مِن راحتيه نَوالا
His beneficence and kindness have embraced mankind;
may we never lack bounty from his palms.
أَترىdo you think حينwhen ماتَdied آدمُAdam أَوصاهhe entrusted him
أَترى حين ماتَ آدمُ أَوصاه
بِبَنيهِwith his children فَظَلَّso he kept يُنفقspending مالاwealth
بِبَنيهِ فَظَلَّ يُنفق مالا
Did Adam, I wonder, when he died, entrust him
with his children, so that he keeps dispensing wealth?
كَرمgenerosity قَدindeed طَمتoverflowed بِحارthe seas عَطاياهof his gifts
كَرم قَد طَمت بِحار عَطاياه
وَلَقَدand indeed أَرسَلَتsent forth سَحاباًclouds ثِقالاheavy-laden
وَلَقَد أَرسَلَت سَحاباً ثِقالا
A generosity whose seas of gifts have overflowed
and sent forth heavy-laden clouds.
وَسَخاءٌand liberality لَوif مَعنMa'n أَدرَكhad understood مَعناهits meaning
وَسَخاءٌ لَو مَعن أَدرَك مَعناه
لاِستماحتwould have sought gifts يَداهhis two hands مِنهُfrom him سِجالاbrimming bucketfuls
لاِستماحت يَداه مِنهُ سِجالا
And a liberality whose meaning, had Ma'n understood it,
his hands would have begged him for brimming bucketfuls.
شيمvirtues طيبthe sweetness نَشرهاof their fragrance لَوif ترواهimbibed it
شيم طيب نَشرها لَو ترواه
نَشرthe waft طيبof the perfume الصِباof the east wind لَصَحَّwould recover health اِعتِلالاfrom languor
نَشر طيب الصِبا لَصَحَّ اِعتِلالا
Virtues whose sweet fragrance, if imbibed
by the east wind's perfume, would cure its languor.
شيمvirtues فيamong الأَنامmankind شَرّفهاennobled them اللَهGod
شيم في الأَنام شَرّفها اللَه
فَتَسامَتso they rose عُلىًin glory وَطابَتand were excellent خِصالاin character
فَتَسامَت عُلىً وَطابَت خِصالا
Virtues God has ennobled among mankind,
so they soared in glory and were excellent in character.
وَنُهىًand wisdom عَنfrom سِوىanything but المَحامدpraiseworthy deeds تَنهاهrestrains him
وَنُهىً عَن سِوى المَحامد تَنهاه
هَكَذاthus هَكَذاthus وَإِلّاand if not فَلاthen no لاno
هَكَذا هَكَذا وَإِلّا فَلا لا
And wisdom that restrains him from all but praiseworthy deeds—
thus, thus it must be; otherwise, no, no!
فَهوَfor he is بَدرُthe full moon العُلىof glory بِدارةِin the circle عَلياهof his eminence
فَهوَ بَدرُ العُلى بِدارةِ عَلياه
زادَهُmay increase him اللَهGod رِفعَةًin elevation وَكَمالاand perfection
زادَهُ اللَه رِفعَةً وَكَمالا
For he is glory's full moon in the circle of his eminence;
may God increase his elevation and perfection.
أَسدa lion تَخضعsubmit الأُسودthe lions وَتَخشاهand fear him
أَسد تَخضع الأُسود وَتَخشاه
هَيبَةًin awe وَالزَمانand time يَعنوbows down اِحتِفالاin homage
هَيبَةً وَالزَمان يَعنو اِحتِفالا
A lion to whom lions submit and whom they fear
in awe, while time bows down in homage.
حَرَمٌa sanctuary فازَhas triumphed مَنwhoever لَهُtoward him كانَwas مَسعاهhis striving
حَرَمٌ فازَ مَن لَهُ كانَ مَسعاه
وَبناديand in the assembly نَداهof his bounty حَطَّset down الرِحالاthe saddlebags
وَبنادي نَداه حَطَّ الرِحالا
A sanctuary: triumphant is whoever makes toward him
and sets down his saddlebags in the court of his bounty.
مَنwhoever عَلىat بابِهِhis door أَناخmade kneel مَطاياهhis mounts
مَن عَلى بابِهِ أَناخ مَطاياه
نالَobtained فَوقَbeyond الَّذيwhat يُؤمّلُhe hopes for مالاwealth
نالَ فَوقَ الَّذي يُؤمّلُ مالا
Whoever makes his mounts kneel at his door
gains wealth beyond what he hopes for.
شَرَفٌnobility تَحسدenvy النَجومthe stars سَجاياهhis qualities
شَرَفٌ تَحسد النَجوم سَجاياه
فَعَلىso for مَنanyone سِواهbesides him عزَّit is hard مَنالاto attain
فَعَلى مَن سِواه عزَّ مَنالا
A nobility whose qualities the stars envy,
so hard for anyone else to attain.
لَوif أَرَدناwe wished نعدُّto count حُسنthe excellence مَزاياهof his merits
لَو أَرَدنا نعدُّ حُسن مَزاياه
كانwould be تَصويرناour portrayal المحالof the impossible محالاimpossible
كان تَصويرنا المحال محالا
Were we to try to count his excellent merits,
our depiction of the impossible would be impossible.
أَوor أَقَمناwe spent الزَمانall time نَشكُرthanking نعماهhis favors
أَو أَقَمنا الزَمان نَشكُر نعماه
أَنفدَwould exhaust الشُكرَthanks أَنعُمٌfavors تَتَوالىthat follow successively
أَنفدَ الشُكرَ أَنعُمٌ تَتَوالى
Or were we to spend all time thanking him for his favors,
successive blessings would exhaust our thanks.
أَوor رَأَيناwe deemed الثَناءpraise يجزيto suffice مكافاهas recompense for him
أَو رَأَينا الثَناء يجزي مكافاه
لَمnot نملّكwould we grant سِواهanyone but him مِنهُof it عِقالاa camel's tether
لَم نملّك سِواه مِنهُ عِقالا
Or if we thought praise could recompense him,
we would give no one else so much as a camel's tether of it.
لَيسَthere is not إِلّاexcept الدُعاءprayer عِنديwith me مُوالاهcontinually offered
لَيسَ إِلّا الدُعاء عِندي مُوالاه
لِعُلاهfor his eminence تَضَرُّعاًin supplication وَاِبتِهالاand entreaty
لِعُلاه تَضَرُّعاً وَاِبتِهالا
All I have is prayer, continually offered
for his high estate, in supplication and entreaty.
يعجبmarvels المعجونthe kneaded one ساعَةَthe moment أَلقاهI meet him
يعجب المعجون ساعَةَ أَلقاه
بِمَديحwith praise سَماthat rose بِهِwith him فَاِستَطالاso he grew lofty
بِمَديح سَما بِهِ فَاِستَطالا
The 'kneaded one' marvels when I meet him
with praise that raised him high, till he grew lofty.
أَعجيبis it strange إِذاif الكَريمthe generous man مَدحناهwe praise him
أَعجيب إِذا الكَريم مَدحناه
وَنَظمناand we strung لَهُfor him النُجومthe stars اِرتِجالاimpromptu
وَنَظمنا لَهُ النُجوم اِرتِجالا
Is it strange if we praise the generous man
and string the stars for him impromptu?
كُلّevery بَيتverse لَدَيهِbefore him أعربmost eloquent مَبناهin its construction
كُلّ بَيت لَدَيهِ أعرب مَبناه
أُدَباءٌmen of letters عَلَيهِupon him كانَتwere عِيالاdependents
أُدَباءٌ عَلَيهِ كانَت عِيالا
Every verse before him is most eloquent in construction;
men of letters have been his dependents.
أَيُّهاO you المُنتميthe scion الَّذيwhom قَدindeed نَحوناهwe have sought him
أَيُّها المُنتمي الَّذي قَد نَحوناه
فَأَراناand showed us مُستقبلwelcoming البشرgood cheer حالاat once
فَأَرانا مُستقبل البشر حالا
O scion, whom we have sought,
who at once showed us a cheerful welcome.
أَنتَyou are تاجthe crown العُلىof glory وَكِسرىand Kisra بنson of داراهDara
أَنتَ تاج العُلى وَكِسرى بن داراه
ماnot غَلَوناhave we exaggerated فيin ذاthis المَقامoccasion مَقالاin speech
ما غَلَونا في ذا المَقام مَقالا
You are glory's crown and Kisra, son of Dara;
we have not exaggerated in our words on this occasion.
بَلrather هُوit is اِسمa name وَأَنتَand you are عَينthe very essence مسمّاهof what it names
بَل هُو اِسم وَأَنتَ عَين مسمّاه
وَالمُسمّىand the named عَينthe very essence اِسمهof its name لاwithout محالاdoubt
وَالمُسمّى عَين اِسمه لا محالا
Rather, it is a name, and you are the very thing it names,
and the named is the very essence of its name, beyond doubt.
إِنif يَكُنit is جَوهراًa substance فَأَنتَthen you are هيولاهits primal matter
إِن يَكُن جَوهراً فَأَنتَ هيولاه
أَوor سِوىother than ذاكthat كُنتyou would be أَنتَyou yourself جمالاbeauty
أَو سِوى ذاك كُنت أَنتَ جمالا
If it is a substance, you are its primal matter;
or if it is something else, you are its beauty.
فَهوَfor it is لَفظa word شَريفُnoble ذاتكyour essence مَعناهits meaning
فَهوَ لَفظ شَريفُ ذاتك مَعناه
ماhow عَساهcould it بِغَيرِهاwithout it أَنto يُقالاbe spoken
ما عَساه بِغَيرِها أَن يُقالا
For it is a noble word; your essence is its meaning—
how could it be spoken without it?
خَصَّكmay favor you اللَهGod بِالَّذيwith what أَنتَyou تَرضاهare pleased with it
خَصَّك اللَه بِالَّذي أَنتَ تَرضاه
فَلَهُso to Him الحَمدbelong thanks وَالثَناءُand praise تَعالىexalted is He
فَلَهُ الحَمد وَالثَناءُ تَعالى
May God favor you with what pleases you;
to Him be thanks and praise—exalted is He.