المَرْءُa person فيin الدُنياthe world خَيالٌa phantom قدhas سَرَىpassed by night
المَرْءُ في الدُنيا خَيالٌ قد سَرَى
والعَيشُand life مِثلُlike الحُلمa dream فيin سِنَةِthe drowsiness of الكَرَىsleep
والعَيشُ مِثلُ الحُلم في سِنَةِ الكَرَى
Man in this world is a phantom passing through the night,
and life is like a dream in the drowsiness of sleep.
والناسُand people رَكْبٌa caravan قدhas أناخَencamped بمَنزِلٍat a stopping-place
والناسُ رَكْبٌ قد أناخَ بمَنزِلٍ
فبَنىthen it built علىalong الطُّرُقِthe roads المدائنَthe cities والقُرَىand villages
فبَنى على الطُّرُقِ المدائنَ والقُرَى
And people are a caravan encamped at a stopping-place,
then building cities and villages along the roads.
لاno مَرحَباًwelcome إنْif جاءَتِcomes الدُّنياthe world ولاand no
لا مَرحَباً إنْ جاءَتِ الدُّنيا ولا
أسَفاًregret إذاwhen وَلَّتْit turns away وماand what الدُّنياthe world تُرَىone wonders
أسَفاً إذا وَلَّتْ وما الدُّنيا تُرَى
No welcome if the world comes, and no
regret if it turns away—what is the world, I wonder?
هيَit كالسَّرابِlike a mirage يَزيدُincreases مُهجةَthe heart of وارِدٍone seeking water
هيَ كالسَّرابِ يَزيدُ مُهجةَ وارِدٍ
ظَمأًin thirst ويَملأُand fills مُقلتَيهِhis two eyes مَنظَراwith a spectacle
ظَمأً ويَملأُ مُقلتَيهِ مَنظَرا
It is like a mirage that makes a water-seeker's heart
more thirsty, while filling his eyes with a spectacle.
غَرَّارةٌutterly deceptive يسبيtakes captive الحكيمَthe sage خِدَاعُهاits trickery
غَرَّارةٌ يسبي الحكيمَ خِدَاعُها
مكراًby guile ويُطغِيand leads astray الفَيلَسُوفَthe philosopher الأكبراthe greatest
مكراً ويُطغِي الفَيلَسُوفَ الأكبرا
Deceitful—its trickery takes the sage captive
by guile, and leads the greatest philosopher astray.
لاحتgleamed لناfor us نارُthe fire of الحُباحِبِal-Hubahib (proverbial feeble fire) فيin الدُّجَىthe darkness
لاحت لنا نارُ الحُباحِبِ في الدُّجَى
منهاfrom it فخلناso we thought أنَّهاthat it نارُthe fire of القِرَىhospitality
منها فخلنا أنَّها نارُ القِرَى
Al-Hubahib's fire gleamed for us in the darkness,
from this world, and we thought it the fire of hospitality.
عِشْناwe lived كأنَّاas though we لمnot نَعِشْhad lived ونموتُand we die عنat
عِشْنا كأنَّا لم نَعِشْ ونموتُ عن
كَثَبٍclose hand كأنّاas though we لمnot نَكُنْhad been بينَamong الوَرَىmankind
كَثَبٍ كأنّا لم نَكُنْ بينَ الوَرَى
We lived as though we had not lived, and we shall die
before long, as though we had never been among mankind.
ذَهَبَhas passed الزَّمانُtime ومَنْand those whom طَواهُit enfolded مُقدَّماًearlier
ذَهَبَ الزَّمانُ ومَنْ طَواهُ مُقدَّماً
وكذاكَand likewise يَذَهبُwill depart مَنwhoever يَليهِfollows him مُؤَخراًlater
وكذاكَ يَذَهبُ مَن يَليهِ مُؤَخراً
Time has passed, and those it enfolded earlier;
so too will those who follow them depart later.
نبكيwe weep ونَضحَكُand we laugh للمَنّيةِover death والمُنَىand hopes
نبكي ونَضحَكُ للمَنّيةِ والمُنَى
وكِلاهماand both of them عَبَثٌfutile play يَدُورُgoes round مُكرّراrepeatedly
وكِلاهما عَبَثٌ يَدُورُ مُكرّرا
We meet death with tears and hopes with laughter;
and both are futile play, turning round again and again.
بِتْناwe spent the night نُناديcalling حَيدَراًHaydar ويَحيwoe is me وماand what
بِتْنا نُنادي حَيدَراً ويَحي وما
يُجدِيavails إذاif بِتْناwe spend the night نُنادِيcalling حَيدَراHaydar
يُجدِي إذا بِتْنا نُنادِي حَيدَرا
We spent the night calling Haydar—woe is me! And what
good is it to spend the night calling Haydar?
هذاthis الأميرُprince قَضَىhas died فسالَتْso flowed أكبُدٌlivers
هذا الأميرُ قَضَى فسالَتْ أكبُدٌ
ومَدامعٌand tears وجَرَىand ran القَضاءُdestiny بماwith what جَرَىcame to pass
ومَدامعٌ وجَرَى القَضاءُ بما جَرَى
This prince has died, and livers melted with grief,
and tears flowed; fate ran the course it ran.
لمdid not تَحْمِهِprotect him البِيضُthe bright swords الصَوارِمُthe keen-edged والقَناand the spears
لم تَحْمِهِ البِيضُ الصَوارِمُ والقَنا
والشُوسُand the fierce warriors والجُرْدُand the sleek steeds السَلاهِبُthe long-bodied والذُرَىand the heights
والشُوسُ والجُرْدُ السَلاهِبُ والذُرَى
The bright, keen-edged swords did not protect him, nor spears,
nor fierce warriors, sleek long-bodied steeds, or lofty heights.
هذاthis الذيthe one who كنَّاwe used to نَعيِشُlive بظِلِّهِin his shade
هذا الذي كنَّا نَعيِشُ بظِلِّهِ
قدhas صارcome to be تحتَbeneath ظِلالِthe shades of رَمسٍa tomb أقفَراdesolate
قد صار تحتَ ظِلالِ رَمسٍ أقفَرا
This is he in whose shade we used to live;
now he lies beneath the shades of a desolate tomb.
هذاthis الذيthe one who ضبَطَheld firm البِلادَthe land بكَفِّهِwith his palm
هذا الذي ضبَطَ البِلادَ بكَفِّهِ
قدhas باتَcome to lie مغلولَfettered in اليَدينِboth hands مُعفَّراcovered in dust
قد باتَ مغلولَ اليَدينِ مُعفَّرا
This is he who held the land in his palm;
now he lies with fettered hands, covered in dust.
ياoh طالماhow often أغنَىhe enriched الفقيرَthe poor man بجُودِهِwith his generosity
يا طالما أغنَى الفقيرَ بجُودِهِ
واليومَand today صارhe has become أضَرَّworse off منهُthan him وأفقَراand poorer
واليومَ صار أضَرَّ منهُ وأفقَرا
Oh, how often he enriched the poor with his bounty!
And today he is worse off and poorer than the poor man.
أمسَىhe has become وحيداًalone فيwithin جوانبِthe confines of حُفْرةٍa pit
أمسَى وحيداً في جوانبِ حُفْرةٍ
مَنhe who كانused to يَجمَعُgather فيin حِماهُhis protected domain عَسكَراan army
مَن كان يَجمَعُ في حِماهُ عَسكَرا
He is now alone within the confines of a pit,
he who once mustered an army in his domain.
مِنَّاfrom us السَّلامُgreetings بكلwith every تَكْرِمةٍhonor علىto
مِنَّا السَّلامُ بكل تَكْرِمةٍ على
مَنhim who لمdid not يَمُدَّextend إلىtoward وَداعٍfarewell خِنصِراa little finger
مَن لم يَمُدَّ إلى وَداعٍ خِنصِرا
From us, greetings with every honor to
him who stretched out no little finger in farewell.
قامتrose تُشيِّعُهُescorting him الرِجالُthe men مُشخَّصاًin bodily form
قامت تُشيِّعُهُ الرِجالُ مُشخَّصاً
ومَضَتْand went on تُشيِّعُهُescorting him القُلوبُthe hearts مُصوَّراas an image
ومَضَتْ تُشيِّعُهُ القُلوبُ مُصوَّرا
Men rose to escort him in bodily form;
and hearts went on escorting him as an image.
أولىmost deserving العِبادِamong people برَحمةٍof mercy منone who لمnot يَكُنْhad been
أولى العِبادِ برَحمةٍ من لم يَكُنْ
عَرَفَacquainted with المَظَالِمَacts of oppression فيamong العِبادِpeople ولاnor دَرَىknew of them
عَرَفَ المَظَالِمَ في العِبادِ ولا دَرَى
Most worthy of mercy among men is he who never
knew injustice toward others, nor had knowledge of it.
وأحَقُّand more deserving بالإحسانِof kindness مَنone who لمnot يُهمِلneglect الthe
وأحَقُّ بالإحسانِ مَن لم يُهمِل ال
مَعروفَgood قَطُّever ولمand did not يُباشِرْcommit مُنكرَاa wrong
مَعروفَ قَطُّ ولم يُباشِرْ مُنكرَا
And worthiest of kindness is he who never neglected the
good, nor ever committed a wrong.
بَكَتِwept الأراملُthe widows واليَتامَىand orphans حَسْرةًin sorrow
بَكَتِ الأراملُ واليَتامَى حَسْرةً
لمَّاwhen رأتْthey saw قلبَthe heart of السَماحِgenerosity تَحسَّراgrieving
لمَّا رأتْ قلبَ السَماحِ تَحسَّرا
Widows and orphans wept in sorrow
when they saw the heart of generosity grieving.
وتَنهَّدَand sighed المجدُglory الذيwhich ربَّاهُhe reared منfrom
وتَنهَّدَ المجدُ الذي ربَّاهُ من
صِغَرٍinfancy فكانَand he was لهُto it أباًa father ومُدبِّراand a guide
صِغَرٍ فكانَ لهُ أباً ومُدبِّرا
And glory sighed, which he had reared from
infancy, serving as its father and guide.
سَلَبَstole الزَّمانُtime منَfrom الأفاضلِthe excellent دُرَّةًa pearl
سَلَبَ الزَّمانُ منَ الأفاضلِ دُرَّةً
لوif كَلَّفوهُthey tasked it بمِثلِهاwith its like لَتَعذَّراit would have been unable
لو كَلَّفوهُ بمِثلِها لَتَعذَّرا
Time stole a pearl from among the excellent;
had they charged Time to produce its like, it would have failed.
ولرُبماand perhaps نَفِدَruns out الزَّمانُtime وذِكرُهُand his memory
ولرُبما نَفِدَ الزَّمانُ وذِكرُهُ
نُمليwe dictate بهِwith it جُمَلاًsentences ونَكتُبُand we write أسطُراlines
نُملي بهِ جُمَلاً ونَكتُبُ أسطُرا
Time itself may well run out, while his memory endures—
we dictate sentences about him and write lines.
قدindeed كانَhe was عَوْفاًʿAwf فيin الوَفاءِfidelity ولمand did not يَزَلْcease
قد كانَ عَوْفاً في الوَفاءِ ولم يَزَلْ
فيin الحِلمِforbearance مَعْناًMaʿn والسَماحةِand generosity جَعْفَراJaʿfar
في الحِلمِ مَعْناً والسَماحةِ جَعْفَرا
He was an ʿAwf in fidelity, and remained
a Maʿn in forbearance, a Jaʿfar in generosity.
وإذاand if تَفقدَّتَyou examine المَحامِدَpraiseworthy qualities كلَّهاall of them
وإذا تَفقدَّتَ المَحامِدَ كلَّها
ألفَيتَyou find كُلَّall الصَيدِthe game فيin جَوفِthe belly of الفَراthe wild ass
ألفَيتَ كُلَّ الصَيدِ في جَوفِ الفَرا
And if you examine all praiseworthy qualities,
you find all the game in the wild ass's belly.
كلٌّeveryone يُبالغُgoes to extremes فيin المديحِpraise بِشعرِهِwith his verse
كلٌّ يُبالغُ في المديحِ بِشعرِهِ
ويَظَلُّand remains مادِحُهُhis eulogist الأمينُthe truthful مُقَصِّراfalling short
ويَظَلُّ مادِحُهُ الأمينُ مُقَصِّرا
Everyone goes to extremes in praise with his verse,
yet his truthful eulogist still falls short.
ومَتَىand whenever طَلَبْناwe sought رِيبةًa blemish فيin نفسِهِhis soul
ومَتَى طَلَبْنا رِيبةً في نفسِهِ
كانَتْwould be لناfor us عَنقاءُthe phoenix مَغرِبَelusive أيسَراeasier
كانَتْ لنا عَنقاءُ مَغرِبَ أيسَرا
Whenever we sought a blemish in his soul,
the elusive phoenix was easier for us to find.
ذاكَthat man الذيthe one who لمdid not يَتَّخِذْchoose لكُنوزِهِfor his treasures
ذاكَ الذي لم يَتَّخِذْ لكُنوزِهِ
عَرَضاًpassing goods منfrom الدُّنياthe world فصادَفَand so found جَوْهَراa jewel
عَرَضاً من الدُّنيا فصادَفَ جَوْهَرا
That is he who never chose for his treasures
the world's passing goods, and so found a jewel.
حَقٌّa duty علىupon الخُطَباءِorators ذِكرُrecounting صِفاتِهِhis qualities
حَقٌّ على الخُطَباءِ ذِكرُ صِفاتِهِ
مَثَلاًan example شَرُوداًfar-traveling حينَwhen تَعلُوascend المِنْبراthe pulpit
مَثَلاً شَرُوداً حينَ تَعلُو المِنْبرا
Orators are bound to recount his virtues
as a far-traveling example when they mount the pulpit.
بَحرٌan ocean حَواهُcontained it النَّعشُthe bier فوقَabove مناكبٍshoulders
بَحرٌ حَواهُ النَّعشُ فوقَ مناكبٍ
تَسعَىmoving along ولمand not نَعهَدْwe have known كذاكَlike that الأبحُراoceans
تَسعَى ولم نَعهَدْ كذاكَ الأبحُرا
An ocean was held by the bier upon shoulders
moving along; never have we known oceans like this.
وفَريدةٌand a matchless pearl فيin الرَّمسthe grave قدhas دُفِنَتْbeen buried وكمand how many
وفَريدةٌ في الرَّمس قد دُفِنَتْ وكم
منof معدنٍa mineral lode تحتَbeneath التُّرابthe dust تَستَّراlay concealed
من معدنٍ تحتَ التُّراب تَستَّرا
And a matchless pearl was buried in the grave; how many
a rich lode has lain concealed beneath the dust!
وَيلاهُalas مِنfor هذيthis الحياةِlife فإنَّهاfor indeed it
وَيلاهُ مِن هذي الحياةِ فإنَّها
كالظِلِّlike a shadow تحتَbeneath الشَمسِthe sun يَمشِيwalks القَهْقَرىbackward
كالظِلِّ تحتَ الشَمسِ يَمشِي القَهْقَرى
Alas for this life! For it
is like a shadow beneath the sun, moving backward.
إنَّindeed الحياةَlife هيَit is الشبابُyouth وإنand if تَزِدْit increases
إنَّ الحياةَ هيَ الشبابُ وإن تَزِدْ
نَقَصتْit diminishes كلفظٍlike a word بالزيادةِby addition صُغِّرِاmade diminutive
نَقَصتْ كلفظٍ بالزيادةِ صُغِّرِا
Life is youth; and if it lengthens,
it dwindles, like a word made diminutive by an addition.
نرجوwe hope for منfrom الدُّنياthe world الدَّوامَpermanence ونَفسُهاand it itself
نرجو من الدُّنيا الدَّوامَ ونَفسُها
كحُطامِهاlike its paltry goods ممَّاamong what يُباعُis sold ويُشترَىand is bought
كحُطامِها ممَّا يُباعُ ويُشترَى
We seek permanence from this world, though it itself,
like its own paltry goods, is sold and bought.
دُوَلٌdynasties وأجيالٌand generations تَمُرُّpass وتَنقَضيand perish
دُوَلٌ وأجيالٌ تَمُرُّ وتَنقَضي
فيهاin it وتَبقَىand remain الكائِناتُcreated things كماas تَرَىyou see
فيها وتَبقَى الكائِناتُ كما تَرَى
Dynasties and generations pass and perish
within it, while creation remains as you see.
فسَقَتْso may they water غَوَادِيthe morning showers الفَضلِof grace تُربةَthe soil of فاضِلٍa worthy man
فسَقَتْ غَوَادِي الفَضلِ تُربةَ فاضِلٍ
ممَّنamong those who يُؤَرَّخُare commemorated in chronograms كانhe was غُوثاًa succor للوَرَىto mankind
ممَّن يُؤَرَّخُ كان غُوثاً للوَرَى
May the morning rains of grace water the soil of a worthy man,
one whose chronogram reads: “He was a succor to mankind.”
كُنَّاwe used to نُؤَرّخُchronicle فضلَthe excellence of مِنْحةِthe gift of كَفِّهِhis palm
كُنَّا نُؤَرّخُ فضلَ مِنْحةِ كَفِّهِ
صِرناwe have come to نؤَرّخُchronicle رمسهُhis tomb تحتَbeneath الثَّرىthe earth
صِرنا نؤَرّخُ رمسهُ تحتَ الثَّرى
We used to chronicle the bounty his hand bestowed;
now we chronicle his tomb beneath the earth.