لِمَنwhose الخيامُthe tents بذيat Dhu رُقَعْRuqaʿ
لِمَن الخيامُ بذي رُقَعْ
كانتwere تُصافُinhabited in summer وتُرْتبعand inhabited in spring
كانت تُصافُ وتُرْتبع
Whose are the tents at Dhu Ruqaʿ,
For whom are the tents at Dhi Ruqa'
once inhabited in summer and spring?
That used to be lined up and pitched?
ولمنand whose تُرىone wonders تلكthose الخيامthe tents
ولمن تُرى تلك الخيام
المشرفاتُoverlooking علىabove القَزعَal-Qazaʿ
المشرفاتُ على القَزعَ
And whose, I wonder, are those tents
And for whom are those lofty tents
overlooking al-Qazaʿ?
Overlooking Al-Qaza'a seen?
صَنَعdid الزمَانُtime بأهلِهاto their inhabitants
صَنَع الزمَانُ بأهلِها
بعدَafter التآلفfellowship مَاwhat صَنَعit did
بعدَ التآلف مَا صَنَع
Time has done to their people,
Time has treated its people
after their fellowship, what it has done.
After harmony, as it has treated them
فاليومso today طرفيmy eye مَاwhenever أرىI see
فاليوم طرفي مَا أرى
أطلالهاtheir ruins إلاَّonly دَمَعshed tears
أطلالها إلاَّ دَمَع
Today my eye—whenever I see
Today my eyes see nothing of it
their ruins—can only weep.
Except its ruins and tears
ولقدand indeed جزعتI was distressed علىover العُداةِthe foes
ولقد جزعت على العُداةِ
فماbut what أفادنيavailed me الجزَعanguish
فما أفادني الجزَع
Indeed, I have fretted over my foes,
And I lamented the enemies
but what has anguish availed me?
But lamenting did not benefit me
وودتُand I wished لوif only رجعreturned الشبابُyouth
وودتُ لو رجع الشبابُ
وفائتٌbut what has passed لاnot يُرْتجعcan be recovered
وفائتٌ لا يُرْتجع
And I wished that youth would return,
I wish youth would return
but what has passed cannot be recovered.
Though the bygone will not return
ماwhat ليhave I وأوطانُand abodes of الخمولobscurity
ما لي وأوطانُ الخمول
وفيand upon البسيطةthe earth مُتسَعample room
وفي البسيطة مُتسَع
What have I to do with abodes of obscurity,
Why should I content myself with homelands of indignity
when there is ample room upon the earth?
While the desert lies open before me?
وعلامand why أقنعُam I content بالقليلwith little
وعلام أقنعُ بالقليل
أباis it with the… لنَّفَاثةِ…spittle تُقتنعyou are content
أبا لنَّفَاثةِ تُقتنع
And why should I be content with little?
Why should I be satisfied with little
Are you content with spittle?
While the open desert will not be satisfied?
إنindeed المقامَremaining علىin الهوانِhumiliation
إن المقامَ على الهوانِ
مشورةٌcounsel لاnot تُسْتمَعto be heeded
مشورةٌ لا تُسْتمَع
Indeed, remaining in humiliation
Staying with humiliation
is counsel not to be heeded.
Is advice not to be heeded
وإناand I (apparent reading) سُليكSulayk القفرthe wilderness
وإنا سُليك القفر
لاnot أرضىI accept بذلwith the humiliation of المُضطجعthe resting-place
لا أرضى بذل المُضطجع
And I am Sulayk of the wilderness;
To me belong the wilderness,
I will not accept a resting-place of shame.
The camel-hair tents and the vales
وليand mine are القصائدthe odes والشواردand the far-roaming verses
ولي القصائد والشوارد
والشوائعand the widely spread poems والشيعand the bands of followers
والشوائع والشيع
Mine are odes and far-roaming verses,
And to me belong the poems and the bird songs,
widely spread poems and bands of followers.
The rumors and the hordes
إنّindeed النبيthe Prophet بمكةin Mecca
إنّ النبي بمكة
أنِفdisdained الأقامةremaining فانتجعْso sought fresh pasture
أنِف الأقامة فانتجعْ
Indeed, the Prophet, in Mecca,
Surely the Prophet in Mecca
scorned to remain and sought fresh pastures.
Was too proud to stay, so he left
ومضىand went forth ابنson of جفنةJafna
ومضى ابن جفنة
ماnot املاgranted respite (uncertain reading) ولاnor خضَعsubmitted
ما املا ولا خضَع
And Ibn Jafna went forth,
And Ibn Jafnah departed
granting no respite and not submitting.
Neither hoping nor submitting
إنْif أظلمتit grew dark فستنجليthen it will clear
إنْ أظلمت فستنجلي
وكمِثلand just as مَاwhat حَمَلتْit conceived تضعit gives birth
وكمِثل مَا حَمَلتْ تضع
If it grows dark, it will clear,
Though it darkens, it will brighten
and as it has conceived, so will it give birth.
As she who bears a child delivers
ياO شائماُwatcher for lightning برقَthe lightning of السماحgenerosity
يا شائماُ برقَ السماح
الساعديSaʿidi وقدand already لمعflashed
الساعدي وقد لمع
O watcher of the lightning of generosity,
O you who blame the lightning of generosity
Saʿidi and already flashing,
Al-Sa'di, and it has flashed
بيفاعتينat Yafaʿatayn إلىto الدريبal-Durayb
بيفاعتين إلى الدريب
إلىto الحصادal-Hasad إلىto نبعNabʿ
إلى الحصاد إلى نبع
at Yafaʿatayn, reaching to al-Durayb,
With two she-camels making for the trail
to al-Hasad, to Nabʿ.
To the harvest, to the spring
عَرَبٌArabs إذاwhen لاقيتَهُمْyou meet them
عَرَبٌ إذا لاقيتَهُمْ
لاقيتَyou encounter خِصْبَthe abundance of المُنْتجعthe pastureland
لاقيتَ خِصْبَ المُنْتجع
Arabs—when you meet them,
Arabs, when you meet them
you find the abundance of fertile pasture.
You meet the fertility of the meadows
لامLam ابنson of حارثةHaritha العتيقthe noble
لام ابن حارثة العتيق
إذاwhen الصريخُthe caller for help بهمamong them نقعcried out
إذا الصريخُ بهم نقع
Lam, son of Haritha, the noble,
Do not blame the son of Harithah the venerable
when a caller for help cries out among them.
When tumult among them flows
فلعاقليهمso for their ʿAqils الوَفَاfidelity
فلعاقليهم الوَفَا
ومُحمدand Muhammad (name stem) يِهّمُtheir (dual/plural ending) الورعpiety
ومُحمد يِهّمُ الورع
Fidelity belongs to their ʿAqils,
For their reason has loyalty
and piety to their Muhammads.
And Muhammad restrains moral corruption
ولعاقلِand for ʿAqil حِفظُsafeguarding الجُوارneighborly protection
ولعاقلِ حِفظُ الجُوار
وخيرُand the best حُرّfreeborn man منhe who منعprotects
وخيرُ حُرّ من منع
And ʿAqil safeguards those under protection,
And the guardian of neighborliness
and the best freeborn man is he who protects.
Is the best of the noble who withholds
وعليّand ʿAli آلthe house of مُحمّدٍMuhammad
وعليّ آل مُحمّدٍ
فلهso his are الصّنائعthe benefactions تصطنعare performed
فله الصّنائع تصطنع
And ʿAli of the house of Muhammad:
As for the family of Muhammad
his are the benefactions that are wrought.
To them belong all skills employed
لاnot يُسْلِمونthey surrender خفيرَهمtheir protected charge
لا يُسْلِمون خفيرَهم
ولوeven if أنّهمthat they قُطعواwere cut قِطَعinto pieces
ولو أنّهم قُطعوا قِطَع
They do not surrender the one they protect,
They do not surrender their honor
even if they are cut to pieces.
Even if they are cut to pieces
لاnot يطمعونَthey seek gain بدينَهمthrough their faith
لا يطمعونَ بدينَهم
والدّينand faith آفتُتُits bane (apparent reading) الطمعgreed
والدّين آفتُتُ الطمع
They seek no gain through their faith,
They do not hope through their religion
and faith's bane is greed.
While religion is the plague of hope
أموالهُمtheir wealth طوعُat the disposal of العُفاةpetitioners for gifts
أموالهُم طوعُ العُفاة
فماso whatever أردتَyou desire فخذْthen take ودَعْand leave
فما أردتَ فخذْ ودَعْ
Their wealth is at the disposal of petitioners;
Their wealth is at the disposal of the destitute
so take what you wish and leave the rest.
So take what you wish and leave the rest
وعبيدُهمand their slaves فالموقدونso the fire-kindlers
وعبيدُهم فالموقدون
النارَthe fire فيon راسthe summit of القزعal-Qazaʿ
النارَ في راس القزع
And their slaves are those who kindle
Their servants stoke the fire
the fire upon the summit of al-Qazaʿ.
With flames above their heads
جيشٌan army أجشّdeep-roaring العَارضينboth flanks
جيشٌ أجشّ العَارضين
كموجlike the waves of دجلةthe Tigris إذwhen دفعsurged forward
كموج دجلة إذ دفع
An army, thundering on both flanks,
An army fiercer than torrents
like the Tigris's waves as they surge.
Like the waves of Dijlah in flood
أهلُmen of العديدgreat numbers بلrather الحديدiron
أهلُ العديد بل الحديد
بلrather التِراسِshields بلrather القُبَعhelmets
بل التِراسِ بل القُبَع
Men of great numbers—nay, of iron,
The people of the phalanx, nay of the iron
nay, of shields; nay, of helmets.
Nay of the armor, nay of the helmet
منwhoever كانis منfrom لامٍLam فيُعْذرthen is excused
من كان من لامٍ فيُعْذر
إنif تكرّمshows generosity أوor شجعshows courage
إن تكرّم أو شجع
Whoever belongs to Lam is excused,
Whoever is from Lam's line may be excused
if he is generous or brave.
Whether he is generous or brave
الطفلُthe child يولدis born منهُمُamong them
الطفلُ يولد منهُمُ
والسيفand the sword فيin اليَدِthe hand والنطعand the leather execution mat
والسيف في اليَدِ والنطع
A child is born among them
The child is born among them
with sword and execution mat in hand,
With a sword in his fist and biting
وبكفهand in his palm اليسرىleft العنَانُthe reins
وبكفه اليسرى العنَانُ
ومَاand not استهلcried at birth ولاnor رضَعsuckled
ومَا استهل ولا رضَع
and the reins in his left palm,
In his left hand the rein,
before he has even cried at birth or suckled.
Without having tasted his mother's milk.