سقَىmay he water أيَّامَthe days of رامةRāma بلrather سقاهاmay he water it
سقَى أيَّامَ رامة بل سقاها
عميقُdeep الحفرthe digging مقتدِحٌstriking sparks حصاهاits pebbles
عميقُ الحفر مقتدِحٌ حصاها
May rain water the days of Rāma—rather, water Rāma itself,
deep-dug rain that strikes sparks from its pebbles.
أحمُّdark كأنَّas though أُدْمَdun-colored العيسcamels فيهin it
أحمُّ كأنَّ أُدْمَ العيس فيه
مرقعةpatched الجِلالِthe coverings لمنto whoever طلاهاsaw it
مرقعة الجِلالِ لمن طلاها
Dark, as though the dun camels within it
wore patchwork coverings to whoever saw them.
يُسِفُّstoops low يطامِعentices الخَرقاءَthe awkward woman حتىuntil
يُسِفُّ يطامِع الخَرقاءَ حتى
تبوِّعَهshe lodges it لتمسحَهto wipe it يدَاهاher two hands
تبوِّعَه لتمسحَه يدَاها
It stoops low, enticing the awkward woman until
she gives it a place and wipes it with her hands.
إذاwhen زُرَّتْwas fastened سحابَتُهits cloud أحالتit turned
إذا زُرَّتْ سحابَتُه أحالت
صَبَاthe east wind نجدٍof Najd محلَّلةًloosened عُراهاits bonds
صَبَا نجدٍ محلَّلةً عُراها
When its cloud is drawn tight, it turns
Najd’s east wind loose from its bonds.
يسيلflows بمائهwith its water واديvalley أُشَيٍّof Ushayy
يسيل بمائه وادي أُشَيٍّ
فيُترِعُso it fills فوقabove كاظمةَKāẓima العِضاهاthe acacias
فيُترِعُ فوق كاظمةَ العِضاها
The valley of Ushayy flows with its water
and fills the acacias above Kāẓima.
كأنَّas though سماءهits sky حنَّتgrew tender فدرَّتْand poured
كأنَّ سماءه حنَّت فدرَّتْ
علىupon الأرضthe earth اليتيمةِthe orphaned مِرزَماهاits two torrents
على الأرض اليتيمةِ مِرزَماها
As though its sky grew tender and poured
its twin torrents upon the orphaned earth.
إذاwhen شامتshe glimpsed بوارقهits flashes سيوفاas swords
إذا شامت بوارقه سيوفا
ليُغمدَهاto sheathe them تراجَعَit withdrew فانتضاهاthen drew them
ليُغمدَها تراجَعَ فانتضاها
When she glimpses its lightning as swords
about to be sheathed, it retreats and draws them again.
وتأمُرُand commands باتباعto follow البرقthe lightning نفسيmy soul
وتأمُرُ باتباع البرق نفسي
فإنthen if أتبعتُهI followed it عينيmy eye نَهاهاit forbade it
فإن أتبعتُه عيني نَهاها
My soul commands me to follow the lightning,
but when my eye follows it, my soul forbids it.
ولمand I have not أرseen قبلهbefore it حمراءَred خُضْراًgreen
ولم أر قبله حمراءَ خُضْراً
عواقبُهاits outcomes ولاnor ضرباًa blow أماهاits farthest reach
عواقبُها ولا ضرباً أماها
Before it I had seen no red whose outcome was green,
nor a blow that made its mark so far away.
يذكِّرنيit reminds me وللأشواقand for longings عيدa feast
يذكِّرني وللأشواق عيد
ثناياthe front teeth أمِّof Umm سعدةَSaʿda أوor لَماهاthe darkness of her lips
ثنايا أمِّ سعدةَ أو لَماها
It reminds me—longing has its feast—
of Umm Saʿda’s teeth or the dark sweetness of her lips.
ألاah للهِfor God يومَthe day of عُكاظَʿUkāẓ عينٌan eye
ألا للهِ يومَ عُكاظَ عينٌ
جلتهاbrightened it نظرةa glance فغدتthen became قذاهاits speck
جلتها نظرة فغدت قذاها
Ah, for the eye on the day of ʿUkāẓ:
one glance brightened it, then became its mote.
ترىyou see لَعِبَthe play of البِلىdecay بالدارwith the dwelling جِدًّاin earnest
ترى لَعِبَ البِلى بالدار جِدًّا
فيلعبso plays أوor يجدّgrows earnest بهاthere بكاهاits weeping
فيلعب أو يجدّ بها بكاها
You see decay play earnestly with the dwelling,
while its weeping plays there, or grows earnest.
وكمand how many بِلَوىat Liwā الشقيقةal-Shaqīqa ومنand of فؤادٍa heart
وكم بِلَوى الشقيقة ومن فؤادٍ
أسيرcaptive لوif تكلمit spoke قالit would say آهاah
أسير لو تكلم قال آها
How many a captive heart at Liwā al-Shaqīqa,
if it could speak, would say, ‘Ah!’
ومنand of شاكٍa sufferer لوif استمعتyou listened إليهto him
ومن شاكٍ لو استمعت إليه
قِنانُthe peaks of أبانَAbān ذابwould melt لهfor him صفاهاtheir rock
قِنانُ أبانَ ذاب له صفاها
And how many a sufferer whose complaint, if heard
by Mount Abān, would melt its solid rock.
وطيِّبةand a fragrant woman الغداةِof morning تفُتُّshed fragrance باناًben tree
وطيِّبة الغداةِ تفُتُّ باناً
عقائصُهاher braids ومسكاand musk رَيْطَتاهاher two veils
عقائصُها ومسكا رَيْطَتاها
And a sweet-scented woman at dawn: her braids shed
fragrance like ben and musk, as do her two veils.
إذاwhen ماindeed لمnot يجدfind فيهاin her معاباa fault
إذا ما لم يجد فيها معابا
ضرائرهاher co-wives تعلَّلmade excuses عائباهاher two faultfinders
ضرائرها تعلَّل عائباها
When her rival wives could find no fault in her,
her faultfinders consoled themselves with pretexts.
أضلّled astray البينُparting فطنتهاher wit فحارتso she wandered
أضلّ البينُ فطنتها فحارت
كأمّlike a mother الخشفِof the fawn ناشدةًseeking طَلاهاher young
كأمّ الخشفِ ناشدةً طَلاها
Parting robbed her of her wits, and she wandered
like a doe seeking her lost fawn.
تميلshe leans علىupon الرِّحالةthe saddle ميلَthe leaning of سرجيmy saddle
تميل على الرِّحالة ميلَ سرجي
تُسِرُّshe whispers إليَّto me تُفهمنيmakes me understand هواهاher love
تُسِرُّ إليَّ تُفهمني هواها
She leans upon the saddle, inclining toward mine,
whispering to me and making me understand her love.
فألثِمُso I kiss فيduring السِّرارwhispering تريبتيهاher upper breast
فألثِمُ في السِّرار تريبتيها
ومنand who will grant me ليif لوit became تكونthe ear الأذنُher mouth? فاهاto me
ومن لي لو تكون الأذنُ فاها
In that whispering I kiss her upper breast;
if only her ear could become her mouth for me.
أجيرانَO neighbors الحمىof the protected land مَنwho لابنfor a son ليلٍof night
أجيرانَ الحمى مَن لابن ليلٍ
أتىcame مسترشداseeking guidance بكُمُamong you فتاهاher young man
أتى مسترشدا بكُمُ فتاها
O neighbors of the protected land, who will guide a night traveler
who came seeking his way among you to her young man?
ولماand when كنتُمُyou were يومَthe day of التنائيseparation
ولما كنتُمُ يومَ التنائي
مَنيَّةَthe death of نفسهhis soul كنتمyou were مُناهاits desire
مَنيَّةَ نفسه كنتم مُناها
When, on the day of separation, you were
his soul’s death, you were also its desire.
أرومI seek لكشفto lift بلواهاits affliction سواكمbesides you
أروم لكشف بلواها سواكم
وإنalthough طبيبهَاits healer لمَنindeed the one who ابتلاهاafflicted it
وإن طبيبهَا لمَن ابتلاها
I seek someone besides you to lift its affliction,
though the one who can heal it caused the wound.
أرِقتُI lay awake ونامwhile slept عنinstead of إسعادِaiding عينيmy eye
أرِقتُ ونام عن إسعادِ عيني
خليلٌa friend كانwho was يُسهمُsharing فيin كراهاits sleep
خليلٌ كان يُسهمُ في كراها
I lay awake, while a friend slept instead of aiding my eyes—
one who once shared in their sleep.
أجاذبهI tug him عنtoward الإسعادhelp كرهاunwillingly
أجاذبه عن الإسعاد كرها
ومنand who ذاis there يملِكcommands الودَّaffection الكراهاwhen reluctant
ومن ذا يملِك الودَّ الكراها
I tug him unwillingly toward help;
but who can command reluctant affection?
وقبلكand before you قدalready عصبتُI bound يديmy hand بمولىًto a patron
وقبلك قد عصبتُ يدي بمولىً
ليُلحمَهاto mend it فظفَّرَbut he fastened فانتقاهاthen picked at it
ليُلحمَها فظفَّرَ فانتقاها
Before you, I bound my hand to a patron
to mend it; he fastened it, then picked at it.
رَمىhe struck ظهريmy back وقالand said توقَّbeware قُدْماahead
رَمى ظهري وقال توقَّ قُدْما
فجاءتنيthen came to me النبالُthe arrows ولاwhile not أراهاI saw them
فجاءتني النبالُ ولا أراها
He struck my back and said, ‘Beware ahead,’
so arrows came at me unseen.
إذاwhen صافحتُهI shook his hand أطبقتُI closed كفّيmy palm
إذا صافحتُه أطبقتُ كفّي
علىupon كفٍّa palm أناملهاits fingers مُداهاare knives
على كفٍّ أناملها مُداها
When I shook his hand, I closed my palm
on a hand whose fingers were knives.
وبارقةand a flash تخايلglimmered فيamong عذارىmaidens
وبارقة تخايل في عذارى
علىupon الأبصارthe eyes منfrom وجهيmy face سناهاits brightness
على الأبصار من وجهي سناها
And a flash seemed to shine among maidens,
its radiance from my face dazzling their eyes.
إذاwhen مطرتit rained بأرضٍon land لمnot تخضِّرdid it green
إذا مطرت بأرضٍ لم تخضِّر
أراكتَهاits arak trees ولمnor يُخصِبgrew fertile ثراهاits soil
أراكتَها ولم يُخصِب ثراها
When it rained upon a land, its arak trees did not green,
nor did its soil grow fertile.
نمَىgrew أثرُthe trace of النوائبcalamities فيin فؤاديmy heart
نمَى أثرُ النوائب في فؤادي
فأعدَىand spread to لِمَّتيmy locks حتَّىuntil دهاهاit overtook them
فأعدَى لِمَّتي حتَّى دهاها
The traces of calamity grew in my heart
and spread to my locks until they overtook them.
رمىcast away from them عنهاtime الزمانُgray hair الشيبَfor a while worn them had cast off time the gray hair حيناa while
رمى عنها الزمانُ الشيبَ حينا
فلماthen when ملَّit tired of صحبتَهاtheir company رماهاit cast it
فلما ملَّ صحبتَها رماها
For a time, the years kept gray hair from them;
then, tiring of their company, cast it upon them.
وكانتand they were ليلةa night تُخفِيconcealing عيوبيmy faults
وكانت ليلة تُخفِي عيوبي
فدلَّthen showed عليَّwhere I was طالبَهاtheir seeker ضُحاهاtheir daylight
فدلَّ عليَّ طالبَها ضُحاها
They had been a night concealing my faults,
but their daylight showed the seeker where I was.
إذاwhen اعتبرreflects المجرِّبُthe experienced man فيon سِنِيهhis years
إذا اعتبر المجرِّبُ في سِنِيه
تقلُّبَهاtheir changes تيقَّنَhe knows مُنتهاهاtheir end
تقلُّبَها تيقَّنَ مُنتهاها
When an experienced man considers, through his years,
their changes, he knows their end.
حياةُthe life of المرءa person أنفاسٌbreaths تقضَّىthat expire
حياةُ المرء أنفاسٌ تقضَّى
وإنeven if طالتthey lengthen وأعدادٌand counts تناهَىthat end
وإن طالت وأعدادٌ تناهَى
A person’s life is breaths that run out,
however long, and numbers that reach their limit.
أرىI see الأيامَthe days يوماًas one day والأسامِيand the names
أرى الأيامَ يوماً والأسامِي
عليهاupon them مستعاراتborrowed حُلاهاtheir ornaments
عليها مستعارات حُلاها
I see all days as one day, with their names
and their ornaments only borrowed for them.
وفتيةand young men ليلةٍof a night ظلماءَdark خاضواentered
وفتية ليلةٍ ظلماءَ خاضوا
دجاهاits darkness بيwith me فكنتُso I was فتَىthe young man سُراهاof their night journey
دجاها بي فكنتُ فتَى سُراها
And young men entered the darkness of a black night
with me, and I was their guide through it.
سمحتُI offered لهمto them علىat risk غَرَرٍa life/person with a soul بنفسٍa soul
سمحتُ لهم على غَرَرٍ بنفسٍ
ملبيِّةٍanswering لأوّلthe first مَنwho دعاهاcalled it
ملبيِّةٍ لأوّل مَن دعاها
At their peril I gave them a life
ready to answer the first who called.
رمَواthey threw بظنونهمwith their guesses منwho ذاthis أخوهمtheir brother
رمَوا بظنونهم من ذا أخوهم
علىin الجُلَّىthe great trial فماand not زكنواthey discerned سواهاbesides him
على الجُلَّى فما زكنوا سواها
They guessed which of them was their brother
in the great trial, and knew no one else but him.
وذيand one شَعَثٍdisheveled نشرتُI spread لهfor him الفيافيthe deserts
وذي شَعَثٍ نشرتُ له الفيافي
وأدراجَand the stages الطريقof the road وقدthough طواهاhe had crossed them
وأدراجَ الطريق وقد طواها
For a disheveled traveler I spread out the open wastes
and the stages of a road he had already crossed.
إذاwhen حسِبhe thought الرواحَevening’s halt بعُقرِnear دارٍa dwelling
إذا حسِب الرواحَ بعُقرِ دارٍ
وقلتُand I said نُزولُهاsettling there عارٌshame عداهاhe passed it
وقلتُ نُزولُها عارٌ عداها
Whenever he thought evening would find him near a dwelling,
I said settling there was shame, and he passed it by.
ومنand whoever كانتhas لهfor him العلياءُeminence حاجاas a need
ومن كانت له العلياءُ حاجا
وأشعرَand clothed نفسَهhimself صبراin patience قضاهاfulfills it
وأشعرَ نفسَه صبرا قضاها
Whoever makes eminence his need
and clothes himself in patience fulfills it.
حلفتُI swore بهاby them تنافخُthey blow فيthrough بُرَاهاtheir nostrils
حلفتُ بها تنافخُ في بُرَاها
عجيجاًwith a roar أوor تَساوَكُrub against each other منfrom وَجاهاtheir foot pain
عجيجاً أو تَساوَكُ من وَجاها
I swear by them, blowing through their nostrils
with a roar, or rubbing from the pain of their feet.
تُولِّيthey turn toward الشمسَthe sun أحداقاeyes عِماقاdeep-set
تُولِّي الشمسَ أحداقا عِماقا
كقُلبِlike a well الماءِof water لوif نقعتْthey quenched صداهاits thirst
كقُلبِ الماءِ لو نقعتْ صداها
They turn deep-set eyes toward the sun,
like wells whose thirst might be quenched by water.
يلاغطنthey rattle الحصاthe pebbles والليلُwhile the night داجٍis dark
يلاغطن الحصا والليلُ داجٍ
لُغاطَlike the chattering الطيرِof birds باكرنَthat reached early المِياهاthe waters
لُغاطَ الطيرِ باكرنَ المِياها
They rattle the pebbles in the dark night
as birds chatter when they reach water early.
تَمنَّىthey long for العُشْبَgrass يوماday بعدafter يومٍday
تَمنَّى العُشْبَ يوما بعد يومٍ
فلاand no مرعَىpasture لهاfor them إلاexcept مِعَاهاtheir entrails
فلا مرعَى لها إلا مِعَاها
Day after day they long for grass,
but have no pasture except what is in their bellies.
نواحلlean ones كالقسيِّlike bows معطَّفاتcurved
نواحل كالقسيِّ معطَّفات
وهمwhile they مِثلُlike السهامarrows علىupon مَطاهاtheir backs
وهم مِثلُ السهام على مَطاها
Lean as curved bows,
while the men on their backs are like arrows.
عليهمupon them كلُّevery نذرٍvow ماwhenever رأوهاthey saw them
عليهم كلُّ نذرٍ ما رأوها
بمكّةَat Mecca هابطاتٍdescending أوor مِناهاits Minā
بمكّةَ هابطاتٍ أو مِناها
Everyone vows an offering upon seeing them
descending toward Mecca or Minā.
لقدindeed تعِبtired السحابُthe clouds وراءَbehind أيديthe hands of
لقد تعِب السحابُ وراءَ أيدي
بنيthe sons of عبدʿAbd الرحيمal-Raḥīm فماyet not شآهاovertook them
بني عبد الرحيم فما شآها
Clouds have grown weary trying to keep up with the hands
of the sons of ʿAbd al-Raḥīm, yet cannot overtake them.
كرامnoble عشيرةٍof a clan دعَمتْupheld بِناهاits building
كرام عشيرةٍ دعَمتْ بِناها
بعزَّةwith the might of بيتهاits house وحَمتْand guarded حِماهاits domain
بعزَّة بيتها وحَمتْ حِماها
Noble people: their clan upheld its house
with the honor of its family and guarded its domain.
تفوَّقَتsurpassed المكارمَthe virtues فيin لياليthe nights of
تفوَّقَت المكارمَ في ليالي
مرَاضعِهاits nursing وسادتand held sway فيin صِباهاits youth
مرَاضعِها وسادت في صِباها
Their virtues surpassed others even in infancy,
and they held sway while still young.
لهمfor them ولدتْgave birth فأنجبتand bore worthy offspring المعاليhigh honors
لهم ولدتْ فأنجبت المعالي
بنينَsons ومنهمُand among them وجدتْfound أباهاits father
بنينَ ومنهمُ وجدتْ أباها
For them, high honors gave birth to worthy sons;
among them those honors found their father.
عتاقnoble الطيرbirds أحرارfree المجاليof the open expanses
عتاق الطير أحرار المجالي
إذاwhen حدَثانُthe accidents of أحسابٍlineages نفاهاexpelled them
إذا حدَثانُ أحسابٍ نفاها
Noble birds, free in the open reaches,
when the accidents of lineage drive others away.
تخالُyou would think درارياًbright stars طُبِعتshaped وجوهاas faces
تخالُ درارياً طُبِعت وجوها
إذاwhen كشفواthey uncovered الموارِنthe noses والجِباهاand foreheads
إذا كشفوا الموارِن والجِباها
You would think bright stars had been shaped into faces
when they bare their noses and foreheads.
بنوsons of السنواتthe years إنif هزلتgrew lean قِراهاits feasts
بنو السنوات إن هزلت قِراها
جدوباthrough famine سمّنواthey fattened كرماgenerously قَراهاits hospitality
جدوبا سمّنوا كرما قَراها
Sons of hard years: when famine makes hospitality lean,
they fatten its provisions through generosity.
لهمthey have نارٌa fire علىon شَرَفِthe height of المقَارِيguest houses
لهم نارٌ على شَرَفِ المقَارِي
أقرَّmay gladden اللهGod عينَيْthe two eyes of مَنwhoever رآهاsaw it
أقرَّ الله عينَيْ مَن رآها
They keep a fire on the height of the guest houses—
may God gladden the eyes of whoever sees it.
إذاwhen قصرfell short الوقودُthe fuel الجزلُstout عنهاfor it
إذا قصر الوقودُ الجزلُ عنها
قبيلَbefore الصبحdawn مُندِلَwith kindling مَوقِداهاits firelighter
قبيلَ الصبح مُندِلَ مَوقِداها
When stout firewood fails it,
its tender before dawn rekindles it.
تُضيءُit shines كأنَّهاas if it والليلُwhile night داجٍis dark
تُضيءُ كأنَّها والليلُ داجٍ
تزيَّدit increased منfrom جباههُمtheir foreheads جُذَاهاits embers
تزيَّد من جباههُم جُذَاها
It shines, as if, while night is dark,
its embers gain light from their foreheads.
يبيتspends the night سميرَcompanion of سؤددهاits nobility عليهاbeside it
يبيت سميرَ سؤددها عليها
فتىًa young man منهمfrom them إذاwhen قَرَّit grows cold اصطلاهاwarms himself at it
فتىً منهم إذا قَرَّ اصطلاها
Beside it sits a young man of theirs, companion to its glory,
warming himself when the cold grows sharp.
يماطلhe delays نومَهhis sleep عنfrom مقلتيهhis two eyes
يماطل نومَه عن مقلتيه
تطلُّعُthe expectation of نفسِهِhis soul ضيفاًa guest أتاهاcoming to it
تطلُّعُ نفسِهِ ضيفاً أتاها
His hope that a guest will come to it
keeps sleep from his eyes.
إذاwhen الكوماءُthe large-humped camel يُسمنهاfattens her ربيعٌspring
إذا الكوماءُ يُسمنها ربيعٌ
وغَصَّتand swelled بالأضالعwith ribs عرضتاهاher two sides
وغَصَّت بالأضالع عرضتاها
When spring fattens the great-humped she-camel
and her sides swell around her ribs,
وراحتand she went forth تشرُفُrising above النَّعمَthe herd استواءًin stature
وراحت تشرُفُ النَّعمَ استواءً
كأنّas though مِلاطَthe masonry of روميٍّa Roman بناهاbuilt her
كأنّ مِلاطَ روميٍّ بناها
and she rises above the herd in her stature,
as though a Roman mason had built her flanks,
رأىhe saw الأضيافَthe guests أولىmore entitled أنto يُهينواhumble
رأى الأضيافَ أولى أن يُهينوا
كريمتَهاhis prized camel ويهتدمواand tear down ذُراهاher hump
كريمتَها ويهتدموا ذُراها
he thinks his guests have a better claim
to humble his prized camel and tear down her hump.
وقامand rose فأطعمand fed الهنديَّthe Indian blade عَقْراa slaughter
وقام فأطعم الهنديَّ عَقْرا
أسافلَهاher lower parts ليُطعمَهمto feed them عُلاهاher upper parts
أسافلَها ليُطعمَهم عُلاها
He rises and gives the Indian blade its slaughter,
cutting her lower parts to feed them the finest.
ولمand did not turn him يعطِفْهthat أنcried out عَجَّتْin longing lamentation حنيناher companions
ولم يعطِفْه أن عَجَّتْ حنينا
ألائفُهاher familiar companions وفُجِّعَand was bereaved راعياهاher shepherd
ألائفُها وفُجِّعَ راعياها
Her companions cry out in longing, and her shepherd grieves,
but their cries do not turn him back.
فأمستso she became بينهمamong them نُهبَىspoils أكيلٍof an eater
فأمست بينهم نُهبَى أكيلٍ
يُدَنِّيwho draws near فَلذةًa piece منهاof her حواهاhe claimed
يُدَنِّي فَلذةً منها حواها
She becomes divided among the guests, each eater
drawing near a piece he has claimed.
إذاwhen ماindeed خافَhe feared منfrom قِدْرٍa pot عليهاover it
إذا ما خافَ من قِدْرٍ عليها
مماطلةًdelay تعجَّلَhe hurried فاشتواهاand roasted her
مماطلةً تعجَّلَ فاشتواها
If he fears the pot will delay them,
he hastens to roast the meat.
وباتand spent the night يَسُرُّpleasing نفساa soul لوif عداهاpassed it by
وبات يَسُرُّ نفسا لو عداها
غِنَىthe wealth of الأموالِpossessions موَّلهاenriched it غِناهاits own richness
غِنَى الأموالِ موَّلها غِناها
He passes the night pleasing a soul which, even if
wealth passed it by, would be rich in itself.
نمَتْgrew أعراقُهاits roots فيin بيتthe house of كسَرىKisrā
نمَتْ أعراقُها في بيت كسَرى
إلىtoward غَيْناءَa lush one مُحْلَوْلٍsweet جَناهاits fruit
إلى غَيْناءَ مُحْلَوْلٍ جَناها
Their roots grew in the house of Kisrā
toward a fruitful branch heavy with sweet yield.
ترىyou see مغسولةwashed clean الأعراضreputations منهاamong them
ترى مغسولة الأعراض منها
نتائجَoffspring ماnot تدرَّنstained منby ظُباهاtheir sword blades
نتائجَ ما تدرَّن من ظُباها
You see among them reputations washed clean,
offspring unstained by the blades they carry.
وتحسبهاand you would think them إذاwhen شهِدتthey witnessed طِعاناcombat
وتحسبها إذا شهِدت طِعانا
بألسنِهاwith their tongues منصِّلةًdrawing blades قَناهاtheir spear shafts
بألسنِها منصِّلةً قَناها
When you see them in combat, you would think
their spear shafts had drawn blades on their tips.
حمواthey protected خُطَطَthe paths of العلاhigh honor لَسناby speech وضرباand blows
حموا خُطَطَ العلا لَسنا وضربا
بأقوالwith words وأسيافٍand swords نَضاهاhe drew them
بأقوال وأسيافٍ نَضاها
They guarded the paths of honor by speech and blows,
with words and swords drawn from their sheaths.
وكلُّand every فتىًyoung man يُتَبِّعُpursues حاجتيهhis two needs
وكلُّ فتىً يُتَبِّعُ حاجتيه
مَقَصَّthe trail of الذئبِa wolf يعتقبُfollowing الشِّياهاthe sheep
مَقَصَّ الذئبِ يعتقبُ الشِّياها
Each young man pursuing his two needs
tracks them like a wolf following sheep.
إذاwhen حُسرتْwere bared لهbefore him لِمَمُthe locks of الأعاديthe enemies
إذا حُسرتْ له لِمَمُ الأعادي
مطأطئةًbowed للَهذمِهto his sharp sword فَلاهاhe split them
مطأطئةً للَهذمِه فَلاها
When the enemies’ locks are exposed before him,
bowed to his sharp sword, he cleaves them.
ولماand when طالlengthened منبِتهاits place of growth وطالتand lengthened
ولما طال منبِتها وطالت
تفرَّعbranched out منfrom رَواسيهاits firm mountains رباهاits hills
تفرَّع من رَواسيها رباها
As their stock grew tall and spread,
their hills branched from firm mountains.
رأتit saw بمحمدٍin Muḥammad لولاwere it not for أبوهhis father
رأت بمحمدٍ لولا أبوه
شيوخَthe elders of المجدِglory تابعةًfollowing فتاهاtheir young man
شيوخَ المجدِ تابعةً فتاها
In Muḥammad, but for his father, they would see
the elders of glory following their young man.
تأخَّرhe came later فيin قيادleading المجدglory عنهاthan them
تأخَّر في قياد المجد عنها
وخاتَمَهاand he sealed it فكانthus he was كمنlike one who بداهاbegan it
وخاتَمَها فكان كمن بداها
He came after them in leading glory,
and sealed their line as though he had begun it.
غلامa youth سادهاruled it يَفَعاin early youth فأوفىand fulfilled
غلام سادها يَفَعا فأوفى
كماas أوفتfulfilled وقدwhile سادتit ruled سواهاothers
كما أوفت وقد سادت سواها
A youth who ruled them while still young, he fulfilled
the promise they had fulfilled when they ruled others.
لهfor him بِدَعُinnovations of المكارمvirtues لوif رآهاhe saw them
له بِدَعُ المكارم لو رآها
لآخرَin another قبلَهbefore him قلناwe would say حكاهاhe copied them
لآخرَ قبلَه قلنا حكاها
He has original forms of generosity; if we saw them
in someone before him, we would say he copied them.
ولمand I have not أرseen مثلَهhis like طوداa mountain زليقاsmooth and steep
ولم أر مثلَه طودا زليقا
يُهَزُّis shaken فيُجتنَىand yields مالاwealth وجاهاand rank
يُهَزُّ فيُجتنَى مالا وجاها
I have never seen his like: a smooth, steep mountain
that is shaken and yields wealth and standing.
ولاnor مجداa glory أواجهُI face منهfrom it شخصاa person
ولا مجدا أواجهُ منه شخصا
ولاnor كرماgenerosity أخاطبهI address it شفاهاface to face
ولا كرما أخاطبه شفاها
Nor have I seen glory whose person I can face,
or generosity with which I can speak face to face.
كأنas though اللهGod خيَّرهgave him choice فسوَّىand shaped
كأن الله خيَّره فسوَّى
خلائقَهhis qualities الحسانَbeautiful كماas اشتهاهاhe desired them
خلائقَه الحسانَ كما اشتهاها
It is as though God gave him the choice and shaped
his fine qualities just as he wished them.
أباO Abū سعدٍSaʿd قدحتُI struck fire بمصلِداتٍwith flints that would not spark
أبا سعدٍ قدحتُ بمصلِداتٍ
فلماthen when فُضَّwas opened زندُكyour firestick ليfor me وراهاit gave flame
فلما فُضَّ زندُك لي وراها
Abū Saʿd, I struck at fire with flints that yielded nothing;
when your firestick was opened for me, it gave flame.
دعوتُكI called you والطَّريقwhile the road عليهon it أفعَىa serpent
دعوتُك والطَّريق عليه أفعَى
سليسٌsmooth مسُّهاits touch خشِنٌrough سَداهاits nature
سليسٌ مسُّها خشِنٌ سَداها
I called on you when the road bore a snake
smooth to the touch but rough in its nature.
كأنَّas though مجرَّهاits course مجرَىthe course of سبوحٍa swift swimmer
كأنَّ مجرَّها مجرَى سبوحٍ
بلُجِّin the deep sea of أوالَAwāl شَرَّعَset sail نُوتياهاits sailors
بلُجِّ أوالَ شَرَّعَ نُوتياها
Its course was like a swift swimmer’s course
through the deep sea of Awāl when its sailors set sail.
تمجُّit spits السمَّvenom منfrom جوفاءَa hollow one خِيلتْimagined
تمجُّ السمَّ من جوفاءَ خِيلتْ
ثِفالَas a millstone base الموتof death هامتُهاits head رَحاهاits grinding stone
ثِفالَ الموت هامتُها رَحاها
It spat venom from a hollow head, imagined as
the millstone of death, with its head the turning stone.
كأنَّas though يمانياًa Yemeni رقَشتْembroidered يداهhis two hands
كأنَّ يمانياً رقَشتْ يداه
حَبيرةَthe patterned cloth of بردَتيهhis two cloaks علىupon قَراهاits back
حَبيرةَ بردَتيه على قَراها
As though a Yemeni had embroidered with his hands
the patterned cloth of his cloak across its back.
فماand never إنceased زالyour help نصرُكfor me ليa companion at my side زميلاa companion
فما إن زال نصرُك لي زميلا
ورأيُكand your judgment حاوياsheltering حتىuntil رقَاهاit charmed it
ورأيُك حاويا حتى رقَاها
Your help stayed beside me,
and your judgment sheltered me until it charmed the snake.
وكمand how many لكyou have والقُوَىwhile the strengths بيدِيin my hand ضِعافٌare weak
وكم لك والقُوَى بيدِي ضِعافٌ
يدٌa favoring hand عنديwith me مضاعفةٌdoubled قُواهاits powers
يدٌ عندي مضاعفةٌ قُواها
How many favors you gave when strength in my hands was weak—
a hand whose power was doubled in my keeping.
إذاwhen ماindeed قمتُI rose أشكرهاto thank it تثنَّتit bent back
إذا ما قمتُ أشكرها تثنَّت
فتشغلُthen it distracts عنfrom مباديهاits beginnings ثِناهاits later gifts
فتشغلُ عن مباديها ثِناها
Whenever I rise to thank such a favor, it bends back,
and its later gifts distract me from its first.
أعيذI seek refuge for علاكyour eminence منfrom لدَغاتstings of عينٍan eye
أعيذ علاك من لدَغات عينٍ
لوَif انّindeed المجدَglory أبصرهاsaw it فقَاهاit would put it out
لوَ انّ المجدَ أبصرها فقَاها
I seek refuge for your eminence from the sting of an envious eye
that, if glory saw it, would put it out.
ولاand may you not تعدَمْlack محاسنَvirtues لوif أريدwished الthe
ولا تعدَمْ محاسنَ لو أريد ال
حسودُenvier علىfor الفداءransom لهاfor them فداهاwould ransom them
حسودُ على الفداء لها فداها
May you never lack virtues for which, if the envious man
were asked to ransom them, he would give himself.
فلاso may it never cease برحتْthrough you بكhigh honor العَلياءbe protected تُحمَىits reality
فلا برحتْ بك العَلياء تُحمَى
حقيقتُهاits heart ويُمْنَعُand be defended جانباهاits two sides
حقيقتُها ويُمْنَعُ جانباها
May high honor remain protected through you,
its heart defended and its borders guarded.
يمرُّpasses المِهرجانُthe Mihragān وكلُّand every عيدٍfeast
يمرُّ المِهرجانُ وكلُّ عيدٍ
بنعمتكمwith your blessing فيغنمand gains منfrom جَداهاits bounty
بنعمتكم فيغنم من جَداها
May the Mihragān and every feast pass
amid your blessings and gain from your bounty.
تجعجعُsettle down فيكُمُamong you بَرْكُcamels المعاليof high honors
تجعجعُ فيكُمُ بَرْكُ المعالي
وتُلقِيand lays down بينamong أظهركمyou all عصاهاits staff
وتُلقِي بين أظهركم عصاها
The camels of high distinction settle among you
and lay down their staffs in your midst.
ردَدتمyou drove back عنّيَfrom me الأيامَthe days بِيضاwhite
ردَدتم عنّيَ الأيامَ بِيضا
أظَافرهاtheir claws معطَّلةًdisabled زُباهاtheir sharp points
أظَافرها معطَّلةً زُباها
You drove away from me the days, their white
claws stripped of sharp points.
وأغنيتُمand you spared ثنائيmy praise عنfrom رجالٍmen
وأغنيتُم ثنائي عن رجالٍ
أرىI see أسماءكمyour names نَبهَتhave distinguished كُناهاtheir bynames
أرى أسماءكم نَبهَت كُناها
Your praise has spared me other men
whose bynames I see eclipsed by your names.
لئامُmean men الملكof the realm لوif رُدَّتْwere returned إليهمto them
لئامُ الملك لو رُدَّتْ إليهم
حياضُthe pools of الرزقlivelihood ماnot بلُّواwould they wet الشِّفاهاthe lips
حياضُ الرزق ما بلُّوا الشِّفاها
The mean men of the realm, if the pools of livelihood
were returned to them, would not wet a lip.
عُرِفتُI became known بكمthrough you وكيفand how تُسِفُّwould stoop نفسيmy soul
عُرِفتُ بكم وكيف تُسِفُّ نفسي
وقدwhen أعطيتموهاyou have given it ماwhat كفَاهاsuffices it
وقد أعطيتموها ما كفَاها
Through you I became known; why should my soul stoop
when you have given it all it needs?
فدونكمso take الجزاءَthe recompense مُسَيَّراتٍsent forth
فدونكم الجزاءَ مُسَيَّراتٍ
علىupon الأفواهmouths تُطرِبit delights منwhoever رَواهاrecites it
على الأفواه تُطرِب من رَواها
So take these verses as recompense, sent forth
upon people’s lips to delight whoever recites them.
إذاwhen طارقْنَthey knock at سمعاًan ear منof حسودٍan envier
إذا طارقْنَ سمعاً من حسودٍ
صَلمنَthey deafen وإنand if حَصَبنthey pelt الوجهthe face شَاهاthey mar it
صَلمنَ وإن حَصَبن الوجه شَاها
When they knock at an envious ear,
they deafen it; when they strike a face, they mar it.
وكمand how many متعرِّضٍone exposing himself للقدْحto faultfinding فيهاin them
وكم متعرِّضٍ للقدْح فيها
رمَىaimed at أمَّthe mother of النجومِthe stars وماand did not اتقاهاguard against it
رمَى أمَّ النجومِ وما اتقاها
How many have tried to find fault with them,
aiming at the mother of the stars without guarding himself.
ورامand sought حِطاطَهاto lower them فهوىthen fell رجيماaccursed
ورام حِطاطَها فهوى رجيما
بهاby them شيطانهhis devil ونجاand escaped سُهاهاtheir Suhā star
بها شيطانه ونجا سُهاها
He sought to lower them and fell, accursed,
by their power like his devil, while faint Suhā escaped.
تحدَّىhe challenged نفسَهhimself فيهاover them فأعيتْand it failed
تحدَّى نفسَه فيها فأعيتْ
عليهfor him فردَّso he called مُعجِزَهاits unmatchable quality سَفاهاfolly
عليه فردَّ مُعجِزَها سَفاها
He challenged himself over them and failed;
he called their power beyond him mere folly.
فرجلَكso your foot لُمْblame علىfor المَسعاةِthe pursuit خلْفيbehind me
فرجلَك لُمْ على المَسعاةِ خلْفي
فماfor not إنpricked it شاكهاexcept إلاits own steps خُطاهاits own steps
فما إن شاكها إلا خُطاها
Blame your foot for trailing my endeavor:
only its own steps have pierced it.
وماand what ذنبيis my fault وقدwhen صَحَّتare sound سَواميmy steeds
وما ذنبي وقد صَحَّت سَوامي
إذاif كنتَyou are المعَرَّthe sore-backed one المسْتعَاهاmade to carry them
إذا كنتَ المعَرَّ المسْتعَاها
What fault is mine, when my steeds are sound,
if you are the sore-backed one they must carry?
مسامعُears عِفنَrejected منfrom جهلٍignorance قِرَاطيmy earrings
مسامعُ عِفنَ من جهلٍ قِرَاطي
فعدنَand they became حصاًpebbles تردَّدrattling فيin لَهاهاtheir gullets
فعدنَ حصاً تردَّد في لَهاها
Ears made foul by ignorance rejected my earrings
and became pebbles rattling in their gullets.