سَلْask بسلعٍat Salʿ شجَناa sorrow كانthat existed وكُنّاand we existed
سَلْ بسلعٍ شجَنا كان وكُنّا
ليتَwould that شعريmy knowing ماwhat الذيthat which ألهاكdistracted you عنّاfrom us
ليتَ شعري ما الذي ألهاك عنّا
Ask at Salʿ of a sorrow that once was, and of us who once were.
Would that I knew what distracted you from us.
أهوىًis it a love? أَحدثتَهyou newly formed it أمor كاشحٌa spiteful foe
أهوىً أَحدثتَه أم كاشحٌ
دبَّcrept in أمor ذنبa fault سِوىother than أنthat تتجنَّىyou falsely accuse
دبَّ أم ذنب سِوى أن تتجنَّى
Is it a love you have newly formed, or a spiteful foe
who crept in—or a fault, other than one you falsely allege?
لاno ولكنbut خُنتَyou betrayed فاستخونتناand so suspected us of betrayal
لا ولكن خُنتَ فاستخونتنا
واحتملناكand we bore with you علىdespite العزّpride فهُنَّاand so we were abased
واحتملناك على العزّ فهُنَّا
No: you betrayed us, then suspected us of betrayal.
We bore with you despite our pride, and were humbled.
لوif أُجيبتْwere answered لمحبٍّfor a lover دعوةٌa prayer
لو أُجيبتْ لمحبٍّ دعوةٌ
لسألتُI would ask اللهَGod فيconcerning الظالمِthe wrongdoer منَّاamong us
لسألتُ اللهَ في الظالمِ منَّا
If a lover's prayer were answered,
I would pray to God against the wrongdoer among us.
غضبَgrew angry الغيثُthe rain علىwith واديthe valley of الغضاal-Ghaḍā
غضبَ الغيثُ على وادي الغضا
وعسَتْand grew stiff باناتُهُits bān trees أنto تتثَنَّىbend
وعسَتْ باناتُهُ أن تتثَنَّى
Rain grew angry with the valley of al-Ghaḍā,
and its bān trees grew too stiff to bend.
فلكمfor how much طاحَfell علىupon غزلانهits gazelles
فلكم طاحَ على غزلانه
منof دمٍblood تَنهبُهthey plunder it جيداًwith a neck وجفنَاand an eyelid
من دمٍ تَنهبُه جيداً وجفنَا
For how much blood has been lost to its gazelles,
blood they plunder with neck and eyelid!
رامياتٌfemale archers عنfrom قوىًbowstring strands مضعوفةٍdoubled
رامياتٌ عن قوىً مضعوفةٍ
لاnot ترىyou see المطلولَone whose blood is unavenged إلاexcept منthose whom قتَلْناthey killed
لا ترى المطلولَ إلا من قتَلْنا
Female archers, shooting from doubled bowstrings,
you find no one slain unavenged but those they killed.
ومضتْand took effect أحكامُهits decrees فيagainst مبدعٍan innovator
ومضتْ أحكامُه في مبدعٍ
شرعَhe ordained القتلkilling علat الخَيفِal-Khayf وسنَّاand made it customary
شرعَ القتل عل الخَيفِ وسنَّا
And its decrees took effect against an innovator
who ordained killing at al-Khayf and made it custom.
جعلَmade الكعبةthe Kaaba خوفاa place of fear فتكُهُhis deadly violence
جعلَ الكعبة خوفا فتكُهُ
بعدafter أنthat كانhad بناهاbuilt it اللهGod أمناa sanctuary
بعد أن كان بناها الله أمنا
His deadly violence made the Kaaba a place of fear,
after God had built it as a sanctuary.
طافَhe circled فيamong غيدٍgraceful maidens تكنفَّنthey gathered بهaround him
طافَ في غيدٍ تكنفَّن به
كيفماhowever دارhe circled جَنوبَsouth of الدارthe House دُرناwe circled
كيفما دار جَنوبَ الدار دُرنا
He circled among graceful maidens who gathered around him;
however he circled south of the House, we circled too.
يتحفَّفْنَthey cluster بهaround him يُعطينَهthey give him
يتحفَّفْنَ به يُعطينَه
دعوةَa call of الإعظامِreverence منfrom هنَّاhere وهنَّاand there
دعوةَ الإعظامِ من هنَّا وهنَّا
They cluster around him, giving him
calls of reverence from here and there.
ماnot إخالI think الحجَّthe pilgrimage يقضِيfulfills فرضَهits obligation
ما إخال الحجَّ يقضِي فرضَه
مسلمٌa Muslim يومon the day رآهنhe saw them سنحناthey appeared
مسلمٌ يوم رآهن سنحنا
I do not think the duty of pilgrimage is fulfilled
by a Muslim on the day he sees them appear.
هلis there منany الذكرةremembrance ياO أهلَpeople of مِنىًMinā
هل من الذكرة يا أهلَ مِنىً
غيرَexcept أنthat أَوجعَهُpained him الشوقُlonging فأنَّاand so he groaned
غيرَ أن أَوجعَهُ الشوقُ فأنَّا
Is there any remembrance, O people of Minā,
save that longing pained him and made him groan?
ليتَwould that جسميmy body معَwith قلبيmy heart عندكمwith you
ليتَ جسمي معَ قلبي عندكم
إنّهindeed it فارقنيleft me يومَon the day افترقناwe parted
إنّه فارقني يومَ افترقنا
Would that my body were with my heart, there with you;
it left me on the day we parted.
أتمنَّاكمI long for you علىdespite اليأسdespair ومَنْand whoever
أتمنَّاكم على اليأس ومَنْ
تركوهُthey abandoned him ومُنَىand the desires of النفسِthe soul تمنَّىhe wishes
تركوهُ ومُنَى النفسِ تمنَّى
I long for you despite despair; and whoever
they leave with his soul's desires goes on wishing.
وهَنَاand it pleased رملةَRamlah أنِّيthat I قانعٌam content
وهَنَا رملةَ أنِّي قانعٌ
بخيالٍwith a phantom كاذبٍfalse يطرُقُvisits by night وَهْناlate at night
بخيالٍ كاذبٍ يطرُقُ وَهْنا
It pleased Ramlah that I am content
with a false phantom visiting late at night.
منعْتناshe denied us الحقَّwhat was due يقظَىwhile awake أسَفاًalas
منعْتنا الحقَّ يقظَى أسَفاً
وشكرناهاand we thanked her علىfor التسويفputting off وسْنَىwhile drowsy
وشكرناها على التسويف وسْنَى
Awake, she denied us our due—alas;
and we thanked her for putting us off when she was asleep.
أيهاO الراكبُrider تستنُّgallops بهِwith him
أيها الراكبُ تستنُّ بهِ
شطبةٌa tall she-camel مخطفَةٌslender-waisted فتلاءُoutward-elbowed وَجْنَاthick-cheeked
شطبةٌ مخطفَةٌ فتلاءُ وَجْنَا
O rider, borne at a gallop
by a tall, slender-waisted, broad-elbowed, stout-cheeked she-camel,
تخبِطshe pounds الأرضَthe earth خِلاطاًwith mixed paces سيرُهاher gait
تخبِط الأرضَ خِلاطاً سيرُها
وَهدةًa hollow تخبِطُshe strikes أوor تُشْرِفُshe surmounts رَعْناa mountain spur
وَهدةً تخبِطُ أو تُشْرِفُ رَعْنا
she pounds the earth, her gait a mingling of paces,
whether she strikes a hollow or surmounts a mountain spur.
ذاتُpossessing لَوثٍstrength لستَyou cannot تدريtell شِرَّةًwild vigor
ذاتُ لَوثٍ لستَ تدري شِرَّةً
إِبلاًcamels تنسِبyou trace her to أوor تنسِبyou trace her to جِنَّاjinn
إِبلاً تنسِب أو تنسِب جِنَّا
Strong of frame—in her wild vigor, you cannot tell
whether you trace her to camels or to jinn.
إنْif دَجاdarkens الليلُthe night فعمَّىand thus obscures طُرْقَهاher paths
إنْ دَجا الليلُ فعمَّى طُرْقَها
نصبَتْshe set up حَرْساas a guard مكانَin place of العينthe eye أُذْناan ear
نصبَتْ حَرْسا مكانَ العين أُذْنا
If night darkens and obscures her paths,
she sets an ear as sentry in place of an eye.
لاnot تباليshe cares إنif نجتshe speeds away ماwhat خلَّفَتْshe left behind
لا تبالي إن نجت ما خلَّفَتْ
غَيْرُهَاanother than her مَنْone who غُرَّwas deceived بالبوِّby a stuffed calfskin فحَنّاand so yearned
غَيْرُهَا مَنْ غُرَّ بالبوِّ فحَنّا
Once she speeds away, she cares nothing for what she leaves;
it is others who are fooled by a stuffed calfskin and yearn.
تطلبُyou seek الحظَّfortune علىupon غاربهاher hump
تطلبُ الحظَّ على غاربها
قَلِقاًrestlessly تُتبِعُهاyou drive her onward سَهلاover smooth ground وحَزناand rugged ground
قَلِقاً تُتبِعُها سَهلا وحَزنا
You seek fortune upon her hump,
restless, driving her across smooth ground and rough.
ربَّماperhaps تسعَىyou strive لأمرٍfor something نازحfar away
ربَّما تسعَى لأمرٍ نازح
وهوwhile it is تحتunder الخفضease منthan كفّكyour palm أدنَىnearer
وهو تحت الخفض من كفّك أدنَى
You may strive for something far away,
though, in easy repose, it lies nearer than your palm.
اِلتمسْseek عندَwith ابنthe son of أيوبَAyyūb الغنىprosperity
اِلتمسْ عندَ ابن أيوبَ الغنى
يأتِكwill come to you الحظُّfortune بهthrough him أحلىsweeter وأسنَىand more splendid
يأتِك الحظُّ به أحلى وأسنَى
Seek prosperity with Ibn Ayyūb;
fortune will come to you through him, sweeter and more splendid.
تُخلِفُbreak السُّحْبُthe clouds مواعيدَthe promises of الحياrain
تُخلِفُ السُّحْبُ مواعيدَ الحيا
وأبوand Abū طالبَṬālib لاnot يُخلِفُdisappoints ظنَّاan expectation
وأبو طالبَ لا يُخلِفُ ظنَّا
Clouds may break their promises of rain,
but Abū Ṭālib never disappoints an expectation.
حبَّبَmade dear الفقرَpoverty إليهto him أنهthat it
حبَّبَ الفقرَ إليه أنه
سؤددٌnobility وهوand he بذاكthrough that الفقرpoverty يَغنَىgrows rich
سؤددٌ وهو بذاك الفقر يَغنَى
What made poverty dear to him was that it
is nobility—and through that poverty he grows rich.
وشريفُand the nobleman of القومthe people منone who بقَّىpreserved لهمfor them
وشريفُ القوم من بقَّى لهم
شرفَthe honor of الذكرِrenown وخلَّىand let المالَwealth يَفنَىperish
شرفَ الذكرِ وخلَّى المالَ يَفنَى
A people's nobleman is he who preserves for them
honorable renown, and lets wealth perish.
ماnever اطمأنَّsettled at ease الوفرُabundant wealth فيin بُحبُوحَةٍa spacious abode
ما اطمأنَّ الوفرُ في بُحبُوحَةٍ
فرأيتَand you saw المجدَglory منهاwithin it مطمئنّاsettled at ease
فرأيتَ المجدَ منها مطمئنّا
Never has wealth settled at ease in a spacious abode
so that you could find glory settled there as well.
يهدمُhe demolishes الأموالَwealth فيat آساسِهاits foundations
يهدمُ الأموالَ في آساسِها
أبداalways ماas long as دامتِremains العلياءُloftiness تُبنَىbeing built
أبدا ما دامتِ العلياءُ تُبنَى
He tears wealth down to its foundations,
forever, so long as loftiness is being built.
والمُعَنَّىand one preoccupied بأحاديثِwith the tales of غدٍtomorrow
والمُعَنَّى بأحاديثِ غدٍ
وبطيبand with the fair quality of الذكرrenown مكدودٌworn out معنَّىburdened
وبطيب الذكر مكدودٌ معنَّى
And he who is intent on tomorrow's tales
and fair renown is worn out and burdened.
بعميدthrough the chief of الرؤساءthe leaders انتشرتْspread
بعميد الرؤساء انتشرتْ
سُننُthe ways of المَجدglory وقدthough already كُنَّthey had been دُفِنَّاburied
سُننُ المَجد وقد كُنَّ دُفِنَّا
Through the Chief of Leaders spread
the ways of glory, though they had lain buried.
ردَّhe restored ماءthe sap of الفضلexcellence فيto عِيدانهits branches
ردَّ ماء الفضل في عِيدانه
والظماand thirst لمhad not يُبقِleft فيin الأيكةthe thicket غصناa branch
والظما لم يُبقِ في الأيكة غصنا
He restored excellence's sap to its branches,
when thirst had left not one branch in the thicket.
فغداand so became المصفرُّthe yellowed growth منهاof it مُورِقاleafy
فغدا المصفرُّ منها مُورِقا
وانثنىand bent العاسيthe hardened wood علىunder الغامزِthe one pressing لَدْنَاsupple
وانثنى العاسي على الغامزِ لَدْنَا
Its yellowed growth became leafy,
and the stiff growth bent supple to the one pressing it.
فهيand so it is فيin السابغthe ample sweep منof أذيالهhis trailing hems
فهي في السابغ من أذياله
غيضةٌa grove تَنضُرُflourishes خضراءُgreen وتُجنَىand is harvested
غيضةٌ تَنضُرُ خضراءُ وتُجنَى
Thus, within the ample sweep of his hems, it is
a green grove, flourishing, whose fruit is gathered.
دخلentered الأوحدُthe Unique فيamong ألقابهِhis titles
دخل الأوحدُ في ألقابهِ
لفظةًa word واقعةًaptly placed جاءتthat came لمعنَىfor a meaning
لفظةً واقعةً جاءت لمعنَى
"The Unique" entered among his titles
as a fitting word that conveys a true meaning.
وسواهand anyone else غاضبٌangry منتحِلٌa false claimant
وسواه غاضبٌ منتحِلٌ
ماwhenever تسمَّىhe names himself بالمعانيafter those qualities أوتكَنَّىor takes a byname
ما تسمَّى بالمعاني أوتكَنَّى
And anyone else is resentful, a pretender,
whenever he adopts a name or byname invoking those qualities.
ملأَhe filled الدَّستَthe seat of office وقاراwith dignity ونفاذاand effective authority
ملأَ الدَّستَ وقارا ونفاذا
وبياناand eloquence حيثُwhere تُلفَىare found الناسُpeople لُكْناtongue-tied
وبيانا حيثُ تُلفَى الناسُ لُكْنا
He filled the seat of office with dignity and effective command,
and eloquence, where other men are found tongue-tied.
ووفىand he fulfilled عندbefore الإمامينthe two imams وأوفىand more than fulfilled
ووفى عند الإمامين وأوفى
وكفىand sufficed منon جانِبِthe side of النصحِloyal counsel وأغنَىand left nothing wanting
وكفى من جانِبِ النصحِ وأغنَى
He fulfilled his duty to both imams, and more;
in loyal counsel he sufficed and left nothing wanting.
كانhe was سيفاa sword قاطعاcutting دونهماin defense of them both
كان سيفا قاطعا دونهما
فإذاand when ماever استظهراthe two sought support كانhe was مِجَنّاa shield
فإذا ما استظهرا كان مِجَنّا
He was a cutting sword in their defense,
and when they sought backing, he was a shield.
ومضىand he went on يُرهفُsharpening خطّاًwriting وخِطاباًand speech
ومضى يُرهفُ خطّاً وخِطاباً
كانit was فيin دفعrepelling العداenemies ضرباstriking وطعناand thrusting
كان في دفع العدا ضربا وطعنا
He went on sharpening writing and speech,
which were blows and thrusts in repelling foes.
همّةٌan aspiration لمnot تتثقَّفْwas shaped بمشيرٍby an adviser
همّةٌ لم تتثقَّفْ بمشيرٍ
واعتزامٌand a resolve أوّلٌinitial لاnot يتثنَّىwavers
واعتزامٌ أوّلٌ لا يتثنَّى
An aspiration no adviser had shaped,
and an initial resolve that never wavers.
يَبْدَهُhe forms at once الرأيَjudgment فلاand does not يُتبعُهfollow it with
يَبْدَهُ الرأيَ فلا يُتبعُه
ندماregret يقرَعstriking بالأصبعِwith a finger سِنَّاa tooth
ندما يقرَع بالأصبعِ سِنَّا
He forms his judgment at once, never following it
with regret that sets his finger tapping a tooth.
زيَّنَadorned القصرَthe palace الخِلافيَّcaliphal عريقٌa man of ancient nobility
زيَّنَ القصرَ الخِلافيَّ عريقٌ
جلَّhe was too exalted بالهُجنةِof base birth يوماever أنto يُزَنَّاbe suspected
جلَّ بالهُجنةِ يوما أن يُزَنَّا
An heir of ancient nobility adorned the caliphal palace,
too exalted ever to be suspected of base birth.
نُقِلَwas transferred الصدرُإليهthe foremost seat to him عنfrom رجالٍmen
نُقِلَ الصدرُإليه عن رجالٍ
لمnot يزلceased يُسندهمsupporting them متناone back فمتناthen another back
لم يزل يُسندهم متنا فمتنا
The foremost seat was transferred to him from men
whose backs it had long supported, one after another.
واسدوهُand they bestowed it on him كابراone great forefather عنafter كابرٍanother great forefather
واسدوهُ كابرا عن كابرٍ
كلَّماwhenever ماتdied أبٌa father ورّثَهbequeathed it ابْناto a son
كلَّما مات أبٌ ورّثَه ابْنا
They bestowed it on him, great forefather after great forefather;
whenever a father died, he bequeathed it to a son.
فمتىand whenever دِيسَit was trodden upon بقومٍby people غيرِهمother than them
فمتى دِيسَ بقومٍ غيرِهم
قاءهمit vomited them out يرميهُمُhurling them رجماwith pelting وزبْناand kicking away
قاءهم يرميهُمُ رجما وزبْنا
Whenever men other than they trod upon it,
it spewed them out, hurling and kicking them away.
أنتُمُyou أَولىare most deserving بأنthat يأمنَكمit trust you
أنتُمُ أَولى بأن يأمنَكم
ويغالِيand goes to extremes فيكُمُconcerning you شحّاًjealously وضنَّاand possessively
ويغالِي فيكُمُ شحّاً وضنَّا
You are worthiest of its trust,
and of its valuing you dearly, jealously and possessively.
وإذاand when اختصتit singled out وفوداdelegations منكُمُfrom among you
وإذا اختصت وفودا منكُمُ
عمَّتit encompassed العالَمَthe world إفضالاwith bounty ومَنَّاand favors
عمَّت العالَمَ إفضالا ومَنَّا
When it singles out delegations from among you,
it embraces the whole world with bounty and favors.
ذاكthat منcomes from أنَّthe fact that العلاloftiness فيin بيتكمyour house
ذاك من أنَّ العلا في بيتكم
نطفةٌa drop of seed قبلَbefore حدوثِthe coming into being of الأرضِthe earth تُمنَىis emitted
نطفةٌ قبلَ حدوثِ الأرضِ تُمنَى
That is because loftiness in your house
is a drop of seed emitted before the earth came into being.
وتَرَونand you regard الحمدَpraise غُنْماas profit يُقتنَىto be acquired
وتَرَون الحمدَ غُنْما يُقتنَى
بالأياديthrough generous deeds ويراهand regard it الناسُpeople غَبناas a loss
بالأيادي ويراه الناسُ غَبنا
You regard praise as a profit to be gained
by generous deeds, while others regard it as a loss.
وإذاand when الدهرُtime قَساgrew harsh أدّبتُمُyou disciplined
وإذا الدهرُ قَسا أدّبتُمُ
بالندىthrough generosity أخلاقَهits manners الخُشنَrough فَلِنَّاand so they softened
بالندى أخلاقَه الخُشنَ فَلِنَّا
When time grows harsh, you school
its rough manners with generosity, and they soften.
فمتىand when ماever نظرتlooked أحداثُهُits calamities
فمتى ما نظرت أحداثُهُ
نحوكمtoward you غُطّينthey were veiled عنكمfrom you وسُمِلْناand their eyes were put out
نحوكم غُطّين عنكم وسُمِلْنا
Whenever its calamities look
toward you, they are screened from you and have their eyes put out.
أَرْعنِيlend me سَمعكyour hearing تَسمَعْyou will hear فِقَراpoetic passages
أَرْعنِي سَمعك تَسمَعْ فِقَرا
لوif طَلبنthey asked العُصْمَthe mountain goats بالإذنfor permission أَذِنّاthey granted it
لو طَلبن العُصْمَ بالإذن أَذِنّا
Lend me your ear; you will hear poetic passages
for which mountain goats would grant leave, if asked.
قاطعاتٌjourneying أبداforever ماas long as قَطعَتْjourneyed
قاطعاتٌ أبدا ما قَطعَتْ
أنجمُthe stars of الأفقِthe horizon سَوارٍnight travelers حيثُwherever سِرْناthey traveled
أنجمُ الأفقِ سَوارٍ حيثُ سِرْنا
Ever journeying, as long as there journey
the horizon's stars—night travelers wherever they go.
تحملُthey carry العِرضَhonor خفيفاlight طائشاfluttering
تحملُ العِرضَ خفيفا طائشا
وتؤدّيهand deliver it يفوتexceeding الطودَthe mountain وزناin weight
وتؤدّيه يفوت الطودَ وزنا
They carry honor, light and fluttering,
and deliver it outweighing a mountain.
وإذاand when كرّrecurs كلامٌspeech شائِهٌugly
وإذا كرّ كلامٌ شائِهٌ
مللاwearisomely زدنthey grow علىwith التكريرrepetition حُسناmore beautiful
مللا زدن على التكرير حُسنا
While repeated ugly speech
grows wearisome, they grow lovelier with repetition.
أحيتِthey revived الحيَّيْنِthe two tribes بكراًBakr وتميماًand Tamīm
أحيتِ الحيَّيْنِ بكراً وتميماً
محدثَاتٍnew compositions يُتَخَيَّلْنَthey are imagined قَدُمْناto be ancient
محدثَاتٍ يُتَخَيَّلْنَ قَدُمْنا
They revived the two tribes, Bakr and Tamīm,
new compositions imagined to be ancient.
لكfor you منهاfrom them أبداalways ريحانةٌa fragrant sprig
لك منها أبدا ريحانةٌ
تُعبِقُit perfumes الضوعةَwith fragrance أذيالاhems ورُدْناand sleeves
تُعبِقُ الضوعةَ أذيالا ورُدْنا
For you, from them, there is always a fragrant sprig,
its scent perfuming hems and sleeves.
غضَّةfresh and tender أنتyou بهاwith it مبتدئاًfirst
غضَّة أنت بها مبتدئاً
فيamong نَداماكyour boon companions تُحيَّاare greeted وتُهنَّاand congratulated
في نَداماك تُحيَّا وتُهنَّا
Fresh and tender; with it, you, before the others,
are greeted and congratulated among your boon companions.
وإذاand if أنطقهاgives it voice يوماًone day فتىًa young man
وإذا أنطقها يوماً فتىً
طفِقتْit began تُذكركreminding you of الودَّaffection المسنَّىexalted
طفِقتْ تُذكرك الودَّ المسنَّى
And if someday a young man gives it voice,
it begins reminding you of that noble affection.
وأواخيُّand tethering bonds لناfor us إنwhether حُفظتْthey are preserved
وأواخيُّ لنا إن حُفظتْ
أوor أُضِيعتthey are neglected فاشهدواthen bear witness أناthat we حفِظناhave preserved them
أو أُضِيعت فاشهدوا أنا حفِظنا
And they are tethering bonds between us, whether preserved
or neglected: bear witness that we have preserved them.
لاnot رسومَthe customary observances of المهرجانMihragān اعتاقهاheld them back
لا رسومَ المهرجان اعتاقها
حابسٌan impediment عنكمfrom you ولاnor العيدَthe feast أضعْناdid we neglect
حابسٌ عنكم ولا العيدَ أضعْنا
The customary observances of Mihragān were not held back
from you by any hindrance, nor did we neglect the feast.