يَاO مُرْجِعَone who brings back المَاضِينَthe departed مِنْfrom أَرْمَاسِهِمْtheir graves
يَا مُرْجِعَ المَاضِينَ مِنْ أَرْمَاسِهِمْ
فِيin العَصْرِthe age مَاwhat يَكْفِيهِsuffices for it لِلأمْتَاعِfor entertainment
فِي العَصْرِ مَا يَكْفِيهِ لِلأمْتَاعِ
O you who bring the departed back from their graves,
O you who bring back the past to those longing for it
the present age has enough to entertain it.
In this age, there is enough to preoccupy them
أَتُعِيدُهُمْdo you bring them back? لِيَفِيدَso that they may benefit أَرْبَابُpossessors of الحِجَىintellect
أَتُعِيدُهُمْ لِيَفِيدَ أَرْبَابُ الحِجَى
بِطَرَائِفٍwith novelties مِنْof رُويَةٍsight وَسَمَاعٍand hearing
بِطَرَائِفٍ مِنْ رُويَةٍ وَسَمَاعٍ
Do you bring them back so that the wise may benefit
Do you return them so the erudite may benefit
from novelties of sight and hearing?
From varieties of sight and hearing?
وَإذَاand if أَجَدْتَyou excel فَهْلُthen is مَرَامُكَyour aim فوْقَbeyond أَنْthat
وَإذَا أَجَدْتَ فَهْلُ مَرَامُكَ فوْقَ أَنْ
يَصِفُوكَthey describe you بِالإِتْقانِas masterful وَالإبْدَاعِand creative
يَصِفُوكَ بِالإِتْقانِ وَالإبْدَاعِ
And if you excel, does your aim go beyond
If you are talented, does your aim rise above
their calling you masterful and creative?
Being described as accomplished and creative?
لِمَwhy عَوْدُthe return of أُوتِللوOthello وَعُقْبَىand the outcome of حَالِهِhis condition
لِمَ عَوْدُ أُوتِللو وَعُقْبَى حَالِهِ
مَوْتُthe death of الغَشُومِthe ruthless man وَصَرْعَةُand the downfall of الخَدَّاعِthe deceiver
مَوْتُ الغَشُومِ وَصَرْعَةُ الخَدَّاعِ
Why bring Othello back, when his ultimate fate is
Why a return of Othello and his fortunes
the ruthless man's death and the deceiver's downfall?
Death of deceivers and downfall of the crafty?
أَوْor عَوْدُthe return of هَمْلِتَHamlet وَالقَضَاءُand fate رَمَيhurled بِهِhim
أَوْ عَوْدُ هَمْلِتَ وَالقَضَاءُ رَمَي بِهِ
فأَصَابَand so he struck مُهْجَةَthe heart of عَمهِhis uncle المِطْمَاعِthe greedy one
فأَصَابَ مُهْجَةَ عَمهِ المِطْمَاعِ
Or bring Hamlet back, when fate hurled him
Or Hamlet’s return and the decree which struck him down
and he struck his greedy uncle's heart?
Hitting the core of his greedy uncle?
أَوْor رُوِميُوRomeo وَهْوَand he is الدَّمُthe blood المَهْدُورُshed in vain فِيin
أَوْ رُوِميُو وَهْوَ الدَّمُ المَهْدُورُ فِي
ثارٍa vendetta تخَلَّفَleft over عَنْfrom قَدِيمِan ancient نِزَاعِquarrel
ثارٍ تخَلَّفَ عَنْ قَدِيمِ نِزَاعِ
Or Romeo, whose blood is shed in vain in
Or Romeo whose blood was wasted in
a vendetta left over from an ancient quarrel?
Revenge for an old feud
أَوْor وِليَمُWilliam الوَافِيfaithful بِنَذْرِto a vow to اللهِGod فِيin
أَوْ وِليَمُ الوَافِي بِنَذْرِ اللهِ فِي
مُتطَاحَنِthe clash of الأَدْيَانِreligions وَالأَشْيَاعِand factions
مُتطَاحَنِ الأَدْيَانِ وَالأَشْيَاعِ
Or William, faithful to his vow to God amid
Or William fulfilling his vow to God amidst
the clash of religions and factions?
The infighting of religions and sects
أَوْor ذَلِكَthat one الفَادِيwho redeems أَباهُhis father بِحُبِّهِwith his love
أَوْ ذَلِكَ الفَادِي أَباهُ بِحُبِّهِ
لذْريِقُRodrigue خيْرُthe best ابْنٍson وَخيْرُand the best شُجَاعِbrave man
لذْريِقُ خيْرُ ابْنٍ وَخيْرُ شُجَاعِ
Or that one who redeems his father with his love,
Or that redeemer who sacrificed his father out of
Rodrigue, the finest son and the bravest of men?
Love, the best of sons and the bravest of the valiant
أَضْحِكْmake laugh جمُوعَكyour crowds تارةًat times أَوْor أَبْكِهِمْmake them weep
أَضْحِكْ جمُوعَك تارةً أَوْ أَبْكِهِمْ
أَوْor أَرْضِهِمْplease them بِمَحاسِنِwith the beauties of الإيقَاعِrhythm
أَوْ أَرْضِهِمْ بِمَحاسِنِ الإيقَاعِ
Make your crowds laugh at times, or make them weep,
Make your audiences laugh at times or make them cry
or please them with the beauties of rhythm.
Or please them with rhythmic compositions
وأَعِدْand bring back إِليْهِمْto them مَاwhat مَضىhas passed بِرِجَالِهِwith its men
وأَعِدْ إِليْهِمْ مَا مَضى بِرِجَالِهِ
وَأُصُولِهِand its roots وَحِلاَهُand its adornments وَالأَوْضاعِand the circumstances
وَأُصُولِهِ وَحِلاَهُ وَالأَوْضاعِ
And restore to them the past, with its men,
Bring back to them the past with its men
and its roots, its adornments, and its circumstances.
Its principles, solutions, and norms
وَاهْوَand love الفضِيلَةَvirtue عنْout of هوىًpassion أَوْor أَغْرِهِمْentice them
وَاهْوَ الفضِيلَةَ عنْ هوىً أَوْ أَغْرِهِمْ
بِغرَامِهَاwith passion for it وَتَغَالَand go to extremes فِيin الإِقْنَاعِpersuasion
بِغرَامِهَا وَتَغَالَ فِي الإِقْنَاعِ
And love virtue out of passion, or entice them
Glamorize virtue, do not let desire sway you
to ardent love of it, and go to extremes in persuasion.
Or make them fall for it and overdo persuasion
إِنِّيindeed I أَرَىsee التَّمثِيلَacting بَعْثاًa resurrection وَاعِظاًadmonishing
إِنِّي أَرَى التَّمثِيلَ بَعْثاً وَاعِظاً
فِيin فِتْنَةِthe enchantment of الأَبْصَارِeyes وَالأسْمَاعِand ears
فِي فِتْنَةِ الأَبْصَارِ وَالأسْمَاعِ
Indeed, I see acting as a resurrection that admonishes
I see theatre as moral education
amid the enchantment of eyes and ears.
Amidst the tribulations of sights and sounds