هناءjoy لهfor it ثغرmouth الهدىguidance يتبسَّمُsmiles
هناء له ثغر الهدى يتبسَّمُ
وبشرىand glad tidings بهاthrough it عَرْفُfragrance الرضاfavor يتنسَّمُwafts
وبشرى بها عَرْفُ الرضا يتنسَّمُ
A joy at which the mouth of guidance smiles,
His smile's abode is guidance happiness,
and glad tidings through which the fragrance of favor wafts.
And through his pleasure contentment breathes relief.
تبسمsmiled ثغرmouth الثغرthe frontier town عنهاconcerning it بشارةas glad tidings
تبسم ثغر الثغر عنها بشارة
فأَعْدَىso infected ثغورَthe mouths الزهرof flowers منهfrom it التبسُّمُsmiling
فأَعْدَى ثغورَ الزهر منه التبسُّمُ
The frontier town's mouth smiled to herald it,
The smile of smiles gives tidings of good news,
so its smile spread to the mouths of flowers.
So the flowers smile radiantly from him.
ولاand no عجبwonder منat مَبْسمِthe smiling mouth الزهرof flowers فيon الرباthe hills
ولا عجب من مَبْسمِ الزهر في الربا
فللبرقfor lightning has منfrom خلفbehind السّحائبthe clouds مَبْسِمُa smiling mouth
فللبرق من خلف السّحائب مَبْسِمُ
No wonder at the flowers' smiling mouths upon the hills,
No wonder the flowers smile in the meadow,
for lightning has a smiling mouth behind the clouds.
For lightning through the clouds gives a smile.
عنايةُthe favor منof the One who أعطىgranted الخليفةthe caliph رتبةًa station
عنايةُ من أعطى الخليفة رتبةً
عليهاabove it النجومُthe stars النَّيِّراتُradiant تُحَوِّمُhover
عليها النجومُ النَّيِّراتُ تُحَوِّمُ
The favor of the One who granted the caliph a station
A gift from the one who gave the Caliph status,
above which the radiant stars hover.
The brilliant stars revolve around it.
فمنهso from him استفادgained الملكsovereignty كلَّevery غريبةٍmarvel
فمنه استفاد الملك كلَّ غريبةٍ
تُخطَّis inscribed علىupon صفحthe page الزمانof time وتُرسَمُand is traced
تُخطَّ على صفح الزمان وتُرسَمُ
From him, sovereignty gained every marvel
From him every wondrous thing is learned
inscribed and traced upon the page of time.
That’s inscribed and depicted on time’s page.
ومنهand from him تلقىreceived الهديَguidance كلُّevery خليفةٍcaliph
ومنه تلقى الهديَ كلُّ خليفةٍ
كأنّهُمُas though they ممّاfrom what أفادhe imparted تعلّمواthey learned
كأنّهُمُ ممّا أفاد تعلّموا
And from him every caliph received guidance,
And from him every successor found guidance
as though they learned from what he imparted.
As if what predecessors offered they had studied.
وكمand how many منof لواءa banner فيin الفتوحconquests نشرتَهُyou unfurled it
وكم من لواء في الفتوح نشرتَهُ
وللرعبand terror has جيشan army دونهahead of it يتقدَّمُadvances
وللرعب جيش دونه يتقدَّمُ
How many a banner you unfurled in conquest,
How many a banner in conquest you have unfurled
with terror's army advancing ahead of it!
And for fear an army advances before it.
فقلso say لملوكto the kings الأرضof the earth دونكمُstand back, all of you فقدfor indeed
فقل لملوك الأرض دونكمُ فقد
أُعَلَّمI am taught ماwhat لاnot زالhas ceased بالنصرthrough victory يُعْلَمُis known
أُعَلَّم ما لا زال بالنصر يُعْلَمُ
Then tell the kings of the earth, 'Stand back, for indeed
So say to earth’s kings beneath you, you’ve lost
I am taught what is ever known through victory.'
For I’m still learning from him victories by name.
تسامتْrose aloft بهthrough him للنصرtoward victory أشرفُthe noblest ذمةٍcovenant
تسامتْ به للنصر أشرفُ ذمةٍ
لهاit has منfrom رسولthe Messenger اللهof God عهدa pledge مُكرَّمُhonored
لها من رسول الله عهد مُكرَّمُ
Through him the noblest covenant rose aloft toward victory,
Through him the most noble covenant was elevated,
bearing an honored pledge from the Messenger of God.
Which from Allah’s messenger has an honored pact.
وكمand how many منof جهادٍa holy war قدindeed أقمتَyou upheld فروضَهُits duties
وكم من جهادٍ قد أقمتَ فروضَهُ
يُزارُis visited بهthrough it البيتthe House العتيقancient وزمزمُand Zamzam
يُزارُ به البيت العتيق وزمزمُ
How often you upheld the duties of holy war,
And how many incumbent battles you have waged
through which the Ancient House and Zamzam are visited.
By them the Ancient House and Zamzam are visited.
وكمand how many عزمةٍa resolve جردتyou unsheathed منهاfrom it إلىtoward العداthe enemies
وكم عزمةٍ جردت منها إلى العدا
حساماًa sharp sword بهby it داءُthe disease الضلالةِof error يُحْسَمُis cut away
حساماً به داءُ الضلالةِ يُحْسَمُ
How many a resolve from which you drew against the foe
And how much resolve you have girded against
a sword that cuts away the sickness of error.
And how much money for Allah’s cause you have spent,
وكمand how many بيتِa house مالٍof wealth فيin الجهادِholy war بذلتَهyou spent it
وكم بيتِ مالٍ في الجهادِ بذلتَه
وأقرضتand you lent منهfrom it اللهَGod ماwhat اللهُGod يَعْلمُknows
وأقرضت منه اللهَ ما اللهُ يَعْلمُ
How many a treasury you spent on holy war,
Advancing Him loans only Allah knows the sum.
and lent God from it what God knows.
And how many nights have you brought like nights
وكمand how many ليلةٍa night قدindeed جئتyou came فيهاin it بليلةٍwith a night
وكم ليلةٍ قد جئت فيها بليلةٍ
منof النَّقعbattle dust فيهاin it للأسنّةfor the lanceheads أَنْجُمُstars
من النَّقع فيها للأسنّة أَنْجُمُ
How many a night in which you brought forth a night
When stars for eloquent tongues shine bright.
of battle dust, where the lanceheads have their stars.
You stayed awake and Allah records their reward,
سهرتَyou kept vigil بهاthrough it واللهwhile God يكتبrecords أجرَهاits reward
سهرتَ بها والله يكتب أجرَها
تُؤمِّنyou make safe فيهاin it الخلْقmankind والخلقwhile mankind نُوَّمُare asleep
تُؤمِّن فيها الخلْق والخلق نُوَّمُ
You kept vigil through it while God records its reward,
Securing people while people slept in ignorance.
keeping mankind safe while mankind slept.
And over you flies a spread banner,
وفوقكand above you منof سعدٍgood fortune لواءٌa banner مُشَهَّرٌraised high
وفوقك من سعدٍ لواءٌ مُشَهَّرٌ
ودونكand before you منof عزمresolve حسامٌa sharp sword مُصمِّمُpiercing
ودونك من عزم حسامٌ مُصمِّمُ
And above you, a banner of good fortune raised high,
Beneath you lies a resolved decisive sword.
and before you, a piercing sword of resolve.
When you ready your steeds for a raid,
إذاwhen أنتyou جهزتyou equipped الجيادthe steeds لغارةfor a raid
إذا أنت جهزت الجياد لغارة
فإنthen indeed صباحthe morning الحيof the camp أغبرُdust-gray أقتمُdust-dark
فإن صباح الحي أغبرُ أقتمُ
When you equip the steeds for a raid,
The dawn of war is darker and dimmer.
the camp's morning is dust-gray and dark.
So no matter how much a gray horse angles about,
فَمنso among أشهبٍa gray steed مهماwhenever يكُرُّit charges رأَيتَهُyou saw it
فَمن أشهبٍ مهما يكُرُّ رأَيتَهُ
صباحاًas morning بليلin the night النقعof dust لاnot يُتكتَّمُit conceals itself
صباحاً بليل النقع لا يُتكتَّمُ
Among them, a gray steed: whenever it charges, you see it
You see it in the morning not hiding its darkness.
as morning in the night of dust, unconcealed.
A red horse whose ferocity the war has ignited
وأحمرَand a red steed قدindeed أذكىkindled بهin it البأسُvalor جذوةًan ember
وأحمرَ قد أذكى به البأسُ جذوةً
إذاwhen ابتلgrows wet النقعthe dust لاnot يُتكتَّمُit conceals itself
إذا ابتل النقع لا يُتكتَّمُ
And a red steed in which valor has kindled an ember,
Does not hide when the darkness intensifies.
when the dust grows wet, it is not hidden.
A blond horse, fury in its color and speed,
وأَشقرَand a chestnut steed أعدىimparted to البرقَthe lightning لوناًcolor وسرعةًand speed
وأَشقرَ أعدى البرقَ لوناً وسرعةً
ولكنْand yet لهit has دونrather than البروقthe lightning flashes التقدُّمُthe lead
ولكنْ له دون البروق التقدُّمُ
And a chestnut that imparted its color and speed to lightning,
But lightning precedes it in advancement.
yet it, not the lightning flashes, takes the lead.
A yellow horse the color of dusk and its tail
وأصفرَand a yellow steed فيin لونthe color العشيِّof evening وذيلُهُand its tail
وأصفرَ في لون العشيِّ وذيلُهُ
وَلَوْنُand the color الذيof what بعدafter العشيةَthe evening يُعلَمُis known
وَلَوْنُ الذي بعد العشيةَ يُعلَمُ
And a yellow steed, the color of evening, its tail
Is the color that comes after dusk is known.
the known color of what follows evening.
A black horse is like the night and the crescent moon a slit,
وأدهمَand a black steed مثلِlike الليلthe night والبدرُand the full moon غُرّةٌa forehead blaze
وأدهمَ مثلِ الليل والبدرُ غُرّةٌ
وبالشهبand with shooting stars فيamid حَلْيthe ornaments المقلَّدof the neck مُلْجَمُbridled
وبالشهب في حَلْي المقلَّد مُلْجَمُ
And a black steed like night, the full moon its forehead blaze,
Among its jewelry a pierced pearl.
and bridled with shooting stars amid its neck's ornaments.
A gray horse inscribed like a parchment
وأشهبَand a gray steed كالقرطاسlike paper قدindeed خطَّinscribed صفحَهُits surface
وأشهبَ كالقرطاس قد خطَّ صفحَهُ
كتابٌa writ منof النصرvictory المؤزَرmightily aided مُحكَمُwell-wrought
كتابٌ من النصر المؤزَر مُحكَمُ
And a gray steed like paper, whose surface is inscribed
In decisive victory’s clear preserved script.
with a flawless writ of mighty victory.
How many warriors have you inscribed in combat
ورُبَّand many a جلادٍswordfight فيin جدالٍa debate سطرتَهُyou recorded it
ورُبَّ جلادٍ في جدالٍ سطرتَهُ
يراعُthe reed-pens القناof lances فيهin it تخطُّwrite وترسُمُand draw
يراعُ القنا فيه تخطُّ وترسُمُ
And many a swordfight in a debate you recorded,
With canes probing and inscribing as they line up!
where the reed-pens of lances write and draw.
And the sword’s preacher stood over their heads
وقامand rose خطيبthe preacher السيفof the sword فوقabove رُؤوسهمtheir heads
وقام خطيب السيف فوق رُؤوسهم
فأعجبso marvel منهat it أعجمٌa speechless thing يتكلَّمُspeaks
فأعجب منه أعجمٌ يتكلَّمُ
The sword's preacher rose above their heads,
Leaving the foreigner who understands astonished.
so marvel at it: a speechless thing that speaks!
So how many heads from torsos you have removed!
فكمso how many منof رؤوسheads عنfrom جسومbodies أزالهاit removed them
فكم من رؤوس عن جسوم أزالها
فأثكلَso it bereaved منهاof them كلevery باغٍaggressor يُجَسَّمُis embodied
فأثكلَ منها كل باغٍ يُجَسَّمُ
How many heads it severed from their bodies,
Every flowering meadow left barren.
and thereby bereft every flesh-and-blood aggressor of them.
You made the swords’ tongues cry
وزرقِand blue عيونِeyes للأسنةbelonging to lanceheads قدindeed بكتwept
وزرقِ عيونِ للأسنة قد بكت
ولاand no دمعَtears إلاّexcept ماwhat أسيلwas made to flow بهthrough it الدمُthe blood
ولا دمعَ إلاّ ما أسيل به الدمُ
And many blue eyes of lanceheads have wept,
With no tears but what blood has spilled.
with no tears but the blood they made to flow.
The sword river drowns the enemy,
ونهرand a river حسامٍof a sword كلماwhenever أغرقit drowned العداthe enemies
ونهر حسامٍ كلما أغرق العدا
تلقتهمreceived them منهfrom it سريعاًswiftly جهنّمُHell
تلقتهم منه سريعاً جهنّمُ
And a river of the sword: whenever it drowned the foe,
Then Hell swiftly receives them.
Hell swiftly received them from it.
You made the Christians’ violence subside,
فأصْلَيْتَso you made burn عُبَّادَthe worshippers المسيحof Christ منfrom الوغىbattle
فأصْلَيْتَ عُبَّادَ المسيح من الوغى
سعيراًa blaze بهwith it يرضىis pleased المسيحُChrist ومريمُand Mary
سعيراً به يرضى المسيحُ ومريمُ
So you made the worshippers of Christ burn in battle's
Leaving Christ and Mary pleased.
blaze, with which Christ and Mary are pleased,
Clearer than the Trinity is your pure belief in One God,
أبرَّmore devoted منthan التثليثTrinitarianism باللهto God وحَدَهalone
أبرَّ من التثليث بالله وحَدَه
فمنso whoever يعتصمُseeks refuge باللهin God فاللهthen God يعصِمُprotects
فمن يعتصمُ بالله فالله يعصِمُ
more devoted to God alone than Trinitarian belief.
He who holds to God, God will protect.
For whoever seeks refuge in God, God protects.
Rouse swords that attack the enemy
ونَبِّهُand awaken سيوفاًswords ماضياتkeen-edged علىagainst العداthe enemies
ونَبِّهُ سيوفاً ماضيات على العدا
وخَلِّand leave جفونَthe sheaths المرهفاتof the slender blades تُهَوِّمُto doze
وخَلِّ جفونَ المرهفات تُهَوِّمُ
Awaken keen swords against the foe,
And wake the watchful eyes to vigilance.
and leave the slender blades' sheaths to doze.
And Allah for the fast has one departing
وللهand, by God منof شهرthe month الصيامِof fasting مُوَدعٌone bid farewell
ولله من شهر الصيامِ مُوَدعٌ
علىto كلِّevery محتومone destined السعادةfor felicity يكرُمُis dear
على كلِّ محتوم السعادة يكرُمُ
And, by God, what a fasting month to bid farewell,
Honoring each destined with fortune.
held dear by all whose felicity is decreed.
In it the mention from our Lord descends,
تنزًّلdescended فيهin it الذكْرُthe Reminder منfrom عنْدِthe presence ربّناof our Lord
تنزًّل فيه الذكْرُ من عنْدِ ربّنا
فَيُبْدَأُso it is begun بالذكرwith remembrance الجميلbeautiful ويُخْتَمُand it is ended
فَيُبْدَأُ بالذكر الجميل ويُخْتَمُ
In it the Reminder descended from our Lord,
Beginning with His beautiful name and concluding the same.
so it is begun and ended with beautiful remembrance.
And Allah has luminous nights in it
وللهand, by God فيهin it منof ليالnights منيرةٍradiant
ولله فيه من ليال منيرةٍ
أضاءlit up بنورwith the light الوحيof revelation منهنamong them مظلمُa dark night
أضاء بنور الوحي منهن مظلمُ
And, by God, how many radiant nights it holds,
The dark was illuminated by His revelation.
a dark night among them lit up with revelation's light.
The clouds of tears have poured down their rain
وصابتand poured down سحابthe clouds الدمعof tears يُمْحَىis erased بمائهاby its water
وصابت سحاب الدمع يُمْحَى بمائها
منfrom الصُّحفthe scrolls أوزارburdens تُخطُّare inscribed ومأثمُand sin
من الصُّحف أوزار تُخطُّ ومأثمُ
The clouds of tears poured down; their water washes away
Erasing evil deeds inscribed and blamed.
from the scrolls the burdens inscribed there, and sin.
And Allah has the Night of Power in it that surpassed
وللهand, by God فيهin it ليلةthe Night القدرof Decree قدindeed غدتhas become
ولله فيه ليلة القدر قد غدت
علىabove ألفa thousand شهرmonths فيin الثوابreward تُقَدَّمُis given precedence
على ألف شهر في الثواب تُقَدَّمُ
And, by God, in it the Night of Decree is now
A thousand months in reward coming early.
ranked above a thousand months in reward.
The angels of the seven heavens spend it until dawn greeting
تبيتُspend the night بهاin it حتىuntil الصباحmorning بإذنهby His leave
تبيتُ بها حتى الصباح بإذنه
ملائكةُthe angels السَّبعِof the seven الطباقِlayered heavens تُسلِّمُoffer peace
ملائكةُ السَّبعِ الطباقِ تُسلِّمُ
In it, until dawn, by His leave, abide
With Allah’s permission and good tidings to come.
the angels of the seven layered heavens, offering peace.
Giving you the days of a prophetic year,
وبشرىand glad tidings بعيدof the feast الفطرof breaking the fast أيمنmost auspicious قادمarrival
وبشرى بعيد الفطر أيمن قادم
عليكto you بمجموعwith all البشائرglad tidings يَقْدّمُcomes forward
عليك بمجموع البشائر يَقْدّمُ
And glad tidings of Eid al-Fitr, most auspicious arrival,
Esteemed in religion’s motto and emblem.
coming to you with all glad tidings!
And in devotions to God you have offered,
جعلتَyou made قراهits hospitality سنةa tradition نبويّةprophetic
جعلتَ قراه سنة نبويّة
لهاit has فيamong شعارthe emblems الدينof religion قدرa rank معظّمُrevered
لها في شعار الدين قدر معظّمُ
You made its welcome a prophetic tradition,
Arrows to fulfill requests set for them.
held in great honor among religion's emblems.
In your every blessedness lies a joy,
وفيand in دعواتٍprayers للإلهto God رفعتَهاyou raised them
وفي دعواتٍ للإله رفعتَها
تُسَّدُare aimed منهاfrom them للإجابةtoward an answer أَسهُمُarrows
تُسَّدُ منها للإجابة أَسهُمُ
And in the prayers you raised to God,
In your every handful, favors and boons.
arrows from them are aimed toward an answer.
If you don’t pride in what you deserve,
وفيand in كلّevery يمنٍblessing منfrom محيَّاكyour countenance قرةٌdelight
وفي كلّ يمنٍ من محيَّاك قرةٌ
وفيand in كلِّevery كفٍّpalm منfrom نوالِكَyour bounty أَنعُمُfavors
وفي كلِّ كفٍّ من نوالِكَ أَنعُمُ
And every blessing from your countenance brings delight,
No one will see the lamp that gives light.
and every palm holds favors from your bounty.
None paved the way to Islam but a Caliph
إذاif أنتyou لمnot تفخرْyou take pride بماin what أنتyou أهلُهare worthy of it
إذا أنت لم تفخرْ بما أنت أهلُه
فلاthen may not أبصرَbehold المصباحَthe lamp منwhoever يتوسمُdiscerns signs
فلا أبصرَ المصباحَ من يتوسمُ
If you do not take pride in what you merit,
Around whose kindness poetry’s pearls are strung.
then may the discerning never behold the lamp!
How many homes in verses I’ve populated with your name
فماfor not مهّدَstrengthened الإسلامIslam غيرother than خليفةa caliph
فما مهّدَ الإسلام غير خليفة
علىupon عطفهhis shoulder دُرُّpearls المحامدof praise يُنظَمُare strung
على عطفه دُرُّ المحامد يُنظَمُ
For none has strengthened Islam but a caliph
Spent the night with melodies from the friend in ecstasy.
upon whose shoulder pearls of praise are strung.
They're not homes but lofty mansions erectedTall ruling from the summits of heights.
فكمso how many بيتa house شعرof verse قدindeed عمرتُI made flourish بذكرهwith mention of him
فكم بيت شعر قد عمرتُ بذكره
فباتso spent the night بهwith it حاديthe camel-driver السُّرىof night travel يترنَّمُhe sings
فبات به حادي السُّرى يترنَّمُ
How many a house of verse I have made flourish with his praise,
It doesn’t harm them that their era came late,
so the night-travelers' camel-driver spent the night singing it.
For their foundations made early last long.
وَلسْنَand they are not بيوتاًhouses بلbut قصوراًpalaces مَشِيْدَةًloftily built
وَلسْنَ بيوتاً بل قصوراً مَشِيْدَةً
تُطِلُّlook out علىover أوجthe summit العلاof grandeur وتُخَيّمُand encamp
تُطِلُّ على أوج العلا وتُخَيّمُ
They are not houses, but lofty palaces,
Since you are their patron and builder of the land,
overlooking glory's summit and camping there.
Every pride you claim to it is agreed to.
وماand not ضرهاharmed them أنthat قدindeed تأخرcame late عهدُهاtheir era
وما ضرها أن قد تأخر عهدُها
إذاwhen طالovertopped مبناهاtheir structure الذينthose who تقدّمُواcame before
إذا طال مبناها الذين تقدّمُوا
It harms them not that their time came later,
I'm a servant whom you made live in the garden of pleasureSo you remain in it forever enjoying delight.
when their structure overtops those who came before.
And I remain on holidays roaming its meadowsWhen its nobles celebrate I sing songs.
وإذْand since أنتyou مولاهاtheir patron وعامرand the dweller ربعهاtheir abode
وإذْ أنت مولاها وعامر ربعها
فكلُّthen every فخارglory تدعيهthey claim it مُسَلَّمُis conceded
فكلُّ فخار تدعيه مُسَلَّمُ
And since you are their patron and inhabit their abode,
As time goes may you always renew it, And may every day hold a feast and season.
every glory they claim is conceded.
And may you remain for a thousand like it in fortune,
أناI العبدthe servant قدindeed أسكنتهyou lodged him جنةthe paradise الرضاof favor
أنا العبد قد أسكنته جنة الرضا
فلاso may not زلتَyou cease فيهاin it خالداًabiding forever تَتَنَعَّمُyou enjoy bliss
فلا زلتَ فيها خالداً تَتَنَعَّمُ
I am the servant you have lodged in the paradise of favor;
And may every day hold a feast and season.
may you abide there forever, enjoying bliss.
When I saw the hatchling had fallen short,
ولاand may not زلتُI cease فيon الأعيادfeast days ساجعَthe cooing singer روضهاof its garden
ولا زلتُ في الأعياد ساجعَ روضها
إذاwhen احتفلتgather in celebration أشرافُهاits nobles أترنّمُI sing
إذا احتفلت أشرافُها أترنّمُ
And may I remain its garden's cooing bird on feast days,
And you are far too high for my praise to reach,
singing when its nobles gather in celebration.
I concluded my ode with a prayer, so here I am
بقيتَmay you endure متىwhenever يبلَwears out الزمانtime تجُدَّهُyou renew it
بقيتَ متى يبلَ الزمان تجُدَّهُ
وفيand in كلevery يومday منكfrom you عيدٌa feast وموسمُand a festival
وفي كل يوم منك عيدٌ وموسمُ
May you endure, renewing time whenever it wears out,
Tossing the dew in the palm of my hand and submitting.
with a feast and a festival from you each day.
ودمتَand may you last لألفٍfor a thousand مثلِهِlike it فيin سعادةٍhappiness
ودمتَ لألفٍ مثلِهِ في سعادةٍ
وفيand in كلevery يومday منكfrom you عيدٌa feast وموسمُand a festival
وفي كل يوم منك عيدٌ وموسمُ
And may you last a thousand more like it in happiness,
with a feast and a festival from you each day.
ولماand when رأيتُI saw الفرخthe fledgling جهدَthe effort مقصِّرof one falling short
ولما رأيتُ الفرخ جهدَ مقصِّر
وأَنكand that you أعلىare higher منthan مديحيmy praise وأعظمُand greater
وأَنك أعلى من مديحي وأعظمُ
And when I saw the fledgling as the effort of one who falls short,
and you far higher and greater than my praise,
ختمتُI concluded ثنائيmy praise بالدعاءwith prayer وهاand here أناI am
ختمتُ ثنائي بالدعاء وها أنا
أُقلِّبُI turn over فيin كفِّthe palm النّدىof bounty وأُسلِّمُand offer greetings
أُقلِّبُ في كفِّ النّدى وأُسلِّمُ
I ended my praise with prayer, and here I am,
turning in bounty's palm and offering my greeting.
Partial English translation: 97 of 104 Arabic lines translated.