فَاحwafted fragrance زهرُthe blossoms of الرّوضِthe garden فَاشتَاقso yearned الهَزارthe nightingale
فَاح زهرُ الرّوضِ فَاشتَاق الهَزار
ولِذَاand for this reason قَدindeed نَاحlamented
ولِذَا قَد نَاح
The garden's blossoms breathed fragrance, so the nightingale yearned,
The garden's flowers bloomed, so the meadows yearned
And for this it lamented,
And the weeping willow wept
حَولaround وردٍroses وشَقِيقٍand anemones وبَهَارand yellow oxeyes
حَول وردٍ وشَقِيقٍ وبَهَار
سَوسنٌirises أقَاحdaisies
سَوسنٌ أقَاح
Around roses, anemones, and yellow oxeyes,
Around roses, stock, and spring blossoms
Irises, daisies.
Lilies flourished
وغُصُونُand the branches of البَانِthe ben tree مَاسَتswayed طَربَاin delight
وغُصُونُ البَانِ مَاسَت طَربَا
ونَمَاand grew الإِشراقthe radiance
ونَمَا الإِشراق
And the ben-tree branches swayed for joy,
Branches of acacia swayed ecstatically
And the radiance grew.
And sunrise gleamed
ولَيَاليand the nights of الطَّلّdew وشَّتembroidered عَجَبَاmarvelously
ولَيَالي الطَّلّ وشَّت عَجَبَا
حُلَلَthe robes of الأوراقthe leaves
حُلَلَ الأوراق
And dewy nights wondrously embroidered
Nights of dew unleashed wonders
The robes of the leaves.
Leaves donned gowns
وعَبِيقُand the perfume of الزّهرِthe flowers مَعwith نَشرِthe fragrance of الصَّبَاthe east breeze
وعَبِيقُ الزّهرِ مَع نَشرِ الصَّبَا
هَيَّجstirred الأشواقthe longings
هَيَّج الأشواق
And the flowers' perfume, with the east breeze's fragrance,
Fragrance of flowers with morning breeze’s flutter
Stirred up longing.
Stirred up passions
وبَكَىand wept المُزنthe rain clouds بِسُحبٍin cloudbanks فَاستَنَارso shone
وبَكَى المُزن بِسُحبٍ فَاستَنَار
جَدولُthe stream of الآقَاحthe daisies
جَدولُ الآقَاح
And the rain clouds wept in cloudbanks; then shone
Clouds wept, so the brook glistened
The stream among the daisies.
Rivulets gushed
فَحَسِبتُso I thought البَرقthe lightning إذat ذاكthat moment سِوَارa bracelet
فَحَسِبتُ البَرق إذ ذاك سِوَار
غَادةٍa graceful maiden إذwhen لاحit flashed
غَادةٍ إذ لاح
So I took the lightning then for a bracelet
I fancied lightning a bracelet
Of a graceful maiden, as it flashed.
When it flashed
يَاO نَدِيميِيmy boon companion قَدalready شَذاgave off fragrance زهرُthe blossoms of الرّبيعِspring
يَا نَدِيميِي قَد شَذا زهرُ الرّبيعِ
وشَداand sang المِنيَارthe minyār songbird
وشَدا المِنيَار
O my boon companion, spring's blossoms have grown fragrant,
My friend, the spring’s flowers have bloomed
And the minyār sang.
And waterfalls roared
ورنَاand gazed النَّرجَسُthe narcissus بِاللَّحظِwith a glance البَدِيعِwondrous
ورنَا النَّرجَسُ بِاللَّحظِ البَدِيعِ
وجَرتand flowed أنهَارrivers
وجَرت أنهَار
And the narcissus gazed with a wondrous glance,
Narcissi echoed melodiously
And rivers flowed.
Rivers streamed
وبِحُسنِand with the beauty of البِشرcheerfulness إذas عَمّencompassed الجَمِيعeveryone
وبِحُسنِ البِشر إذ عَمّ الجَمِيع
غَرّدتtrilled أطيَارbirds
غَرّدت أطيَار
And as lovely cheer spread to everyone,
With people’s beauty embraced by all
Birds trilled.
Birds chirped merrily
فَاجتَنِso pluck اللَّذاتِthe delights واخلَعِand cast off العِذارthe bridle
فَاجتَنِ اللَّذاتِ واخلَعِ العِذار
واملand fill لِيfor me الأقداحthe cups
وامل لِي الأقداح
So pluck delights and cast off the bridle,
So relish life’s joys, cast off gloom
And fill the cups for me,
And fill my goblets
وأدرِهَاand pass them round كَشُعَاعِlike the radiance of الجُلَّنَارpomegranate blossoms
وأدرِهَا كَشُعَاعِ الجُلَّنَار
تَجلِبُit brings الأفراحjoys
تَجلِبُ الأفراح
And pass them round, like the glow of pomegranate blossoms,
Circulate them like beams of chandeliers
Bringing joys:
That summon delights
قَهوةًwine تُجلِيthat dispels الأسَىsorrow عَنfrom مُبتَلَىone afflicted
قَهوةً تُجلِي الأسَى عَن مُبتَلَى
بِجَفَاby the coldness of الأحبَابthe loved ones
بِجَفَا الأحبَاب
Wine that drives sorrow from one afflicted
Coffee that dispels sorrow from the lovelorn
By the coldness of loved ones.
With estranged beloveds
نَشرُهَاits bouquet كَالمِسكِlike musk عِندupon الإِجتِلاbeing unveiled
نَشرُهَا كَالمِسكِ عِند الإِجتِلا
تَسلُبُit steals الألبَابthe minds
تَسلُبُ الألبَاب
Its bouquet is like musk when unveiled;
Its aroma like musk in a gathering
It steals the senses.
Captivates minds
أخجَلَتit put to shame شَمساًa sun وبَدراًand a full moon وطُلاand a glaze
أخجَلَت شَمساً وبَدراً وطُلا
مِنof عَقِيقٍcarnelian ذابthat melted
مِن عَقِيقٍ ذاب
It shamed the sun, the full moon, and a glaze
Outshining sun, moon, and halo
Of molten carnelian,
Of melting ruby
مِنfrom يَديthe hands of ظَبيٍa gazelle غَرِيرٍguileless ذِيpossessed of نِفَارskittishness
مِن يَدي ظَبيٍ غَرِيرٍ ذِي نِفَار
مُنعِشِreviving الأرواحthe souls
مُنعِشِ الأرواح
From the hands of a guileless, skittish gazelle,
From the hands of a tender, cooing gazelle
A reviver of souls,
Who revives souls
نَاحِلِslender of الخِصرِthe waist كَحِيلٍkohl-dark-eyed بِاحوِرارwith brilliant eye-whites
نَاحِلِ الخِصرِ كَحِيلٍ بِاحوِرار
طَرفُهُhis gaze الجَرّاحwound-dealing
طَرفُهُ الجَرّاح
Slender-waisted, kohl-dark-eyed with brilliant whites,
Slender-waisted like a wishful phantom
His gaze a wounder.
Eyes batting flash
فَرحِيقُso the nectar of الأُنسِconviviality يُهدِيهِhe offers it رشاًa gazelle fawn
فَرحِيقُ الأُنسِ يُهدِيهِ رشاً
عَأطِرُfragrant of الأنفَاسbreaths
عَأطِرُ الأنفَاس
So a fawn offers the nectar of conviviality,
The nectar of company offers a draft
Fragrant of breath,
With fragrant breath
اَيِّنُsupple of العِطفِthe flank بَدِيعٌexquisite قَدalready نَشَاgrew
اَيِّنُ العِطفِ بَدِيعٌ قَد نَشَا
فِتنَةًa temptation لِلنَّاسِfor people
فِتنَةً لِلنَّاسِ
Supple of flank, exquisite, who has grown
The charm of affection, so wondrous unfurled
Into a temptation for all.
Tempts all people
جَرحhe wounded القَلبthe heart بِلَحظٍwith a glance والحَشَاand the breast
جَرح القَلب بِلَحظٍ والحَشَا
إنif رنَاhe gazed أوor مَاسhe swayed
إن رنَا أو مَاس
He wounded heart and breast with a glance,
Wounds the heart with a glance, captivates and ensnares
Whenever he gazed or swayed.
If it gleams or touches
قَمَرٌa moon لَيلاًby night وشَمسٌand a sun بِالنَّهَارby day
قَمَرٌ لَيلاً وشَمسٌ بِالنَّهَار
حُسنُهُhis beauty الوضَّاحradiant
حُسنُهُ الوضَّاح
A moon by night, a sun by day—
Moon at night and sun in the day
Such is his radiant beauty.
Beauty evident
فِيin خِلالِthe midst of الرّوضِthe garden غَازلتُI courted غَزالa gazelle
فِي خِلالِ الرّوضِ غَازلتُ غَزال
وصلُهُunion with him مَحظُورforbidden
وصلُهُ مَحظُور
Amid the garden I courted a gazelle,
Amongst the garden’s alleys, I flirted with a gazelle
Union with him forbidden.
Its tryst forbidden
قَدindeed حَوىhe possessed سِحراًenchantment وتَيهاًand haughtiness ودلالand coquetry
قَد حَوى سِحراً وتَيهاً ودلال
بِالبَهَاin beauty مَسرُورdelighted
بِالبَهَا مَسرُور
He possessed enchantment, haughtiness, and coquetry,
It encompassed magic, bewilderment, and allure
Delighting in his beauty.
Happy with splendor
يُخجِلُputs to shame البَدرthe full moon سَنَاهُhis radiance فيin الكَمَالperfection
يُخجِلُ البَدر سَنَاهُ في الكَمَال
وكَذاكand likewise الحُورthe houris
وكَذاك الحُور
His perfect radiance shames the full moon,
Its brilliance humbles the full moon in perfection
And likewise the houris.
As well as nymphs
صِحتُI cried out مِنfrom شَوقيmy longing وماand not عنديwith me اصطبارpatience
صِحتُ مِن شَوقي وما عندي اصطبار
بُلبُلَO nightingale of الأفراحjoys
بُلبُلَ الأفراح
I cried out in longing, with no patience left:
I cried from passion, unable to be patient
O nightingale of joys,
Nightingale of joys
مَاwhat تَرىdo you think فيof شَائِقٍa yearning lover يَبغِيhe seeks المَزارa visit
مَا تَرى في شَائِقٍ يَبغِي المَزار
يَاغِذاO nourishment of الأرواحsouls
يَاغِذا الأرواح
What think you of one who longs and seeks a visit,
What do you see in a yearning lover
O nourishment of souls?
Who seeks visitation, O reviver of souls?
قَالhe said لِيto me ادنُcome near تَمَلّgaze your fill فِيupon الخَفَرِmodesty
قَال لِي ادنُ تَمَلّ فِي الخَفَرِ
يَاO أخَاbrother of الأشواقlongings
يَا أخَا الأشواق
He said to me: Come near, gaze your fill upon modest beauty,
It said to me, come closer, stroll leisurely
O brother of longing.
O fellow yearner
فيin بَهَاthe beauty of اسٍmyrtle ونِسرِينand wild roses زهَرin bloom
في بَهَا اسٍ ونِسرِين زهَر
نَزّهِdelight الأحداقthe eyes
نَزّهِ الأحداق
In the beauty of myrtle and wild roses in bloom,
In jasmine and eglantine flowers that bloom
Delight your eyes.
Delight your eyes
وشَداand sang الطَّيرُthe birds وشَادٍand a singer بالوتَرto the string
وشَدا الطَّيرُ وشَادٍ بالوتَر
فِيin طَبعِthe musical mode of العِراقʿIrāq
فِي طَبعِ العِراق
And the birds sang, and a minstrel to the strings,
The birds trilled, competing with melody
In the ʿIrāq mode.
In Iraqi style
وقِبَابand domes of الماءِwater تَجرِيflow بِانحِدارdownward
وقِبَاب الماءِ تَجرِي بِانحِدار
فيin الثَّرىthe soil قَدalready سَاحflowed
في الثَّرى قَد سَاح
And domes of water streamed downward,
Domes of water cascade downstream
Spreading across the soil,
Flowing on ground
فَسَقَاso it watered ورداًroses وخَيرِيand wallflowers وبَهَارand yellow oxeyes
فَسَقَا ورداً وخَيرِي وبَهَار
وكَذاand likewise التُّفَّاحthe apple trees
وكَذا التُّفَّاح
Watering roses, wallflowers, and yellow oxeyes,
It quenched with roses, fruit, and spring blossoms
And apple trees as well.
And apples too
وهَجَعنَاand we slept تَحتbeneath غُصنٍa branch فيin الغَلَسthe predawn darkness
وهَجَعنَا تَحت غُصنٍ في الغَلَس
حَولَنَاaround us الرّيحَانsweet basil
حَولَنَا الرّيحَان
And we slept beneath a branch in the predawn dark,
We rested beneath a branch in the shade
Sweet basil all around us.
Chamomile around us
غَرّدtrilled الطَّيرُthe birds فَنَبَّهand so woke مَنwhoever نَعَسdozed
غَرّد الطَّيرُ فَنَبَّه مَن نَعَس
فَوقupon غُصنِa branch of البَانthe ben tree
فَوق غُصنِ البَان
The birds trilled and woke whoever dozed,
The birds tweeted, rousing any sleepyheads
From a ben-tree branch.
On acacia branch
وَسَقَاهَاand he served it عَنبريةambergris-scented النَّفَسof breath
وَسَقَاهَا عَنبرية النَّفَس
تُذهِبُit dispels الأحزانsorrows
تُذهِبُ الأحزان
And he served it, its breath fragrant with ambergris,
It breathed its aromatic soul
Dispelling sorrows.
Dispelling sorrows
بَينَماwhile نَحنُwe نَشَاوىdrunk بِالعُقَارon wine
بَينَما نَحنُ نَشَاوى بِالعُقَار
نَغنِمُwe reap الأفراحjoys
نَغنِمُ الأفراح
While we were drunk on wine,
While we indulged in conversation
Reaping joys,
Seizing joys
إذwhen دعَانَاhe called us السَّاقthe cupbearer والفَجرand the dawn استَنَارgrew bright
إذ دعَانَا السَّاق والفَجر استَنَار
اصطَبِحtake a morning drink يَاO صاحfriend
اصطَبِح يَا صاح
Then the cupbearer called us as dawn grew bright:
Dawn gleamed, so the cupbearer called
Take your morning draught, my friend!
Awaken, O companion!