أذوتhas withered سَمُومُthe scorching wind النَّوىof separation ريحَانَةthe basil الأمَلِof hope
أذوت سَمُومُ النَّوى ريحَانَة الأمَلِ
فَاسكُببso pour حَيَاthe life-giving rain الدَّمعِof tears فيinto أجفانِهاits eyelids الذُّبُلِwithered
فَاسكُبب حَيَا الدَّمعِ في أجفانِها الذُّبُلِ
Separation's scorching wind has withered the basil of hope;
so pour the life-giving rain of tears into its withered eyelids.
وفيand among الرَّكَائِبِthe riding camels مَنone whom قَدindeed طالlong lasted مَاthe time that انفَردتwas alone
وفي الرَّكَائِبِ مَن قَد طال مَا انفَردت
بِِهِwith him حَشَاكyour heart عَنِapart from الأحداجِthe howdahs والكِلَلِand the curtained canopies
بِِهِ حَشَاك عَنِ الأحداجِ والكِلَلِ
Among the riding camels is one whom, for so long,
your heart kept all to itself, away from howdahs and curtains.
ظَبيٌa gazelle يَصِيدُhunts بِألحَاظٍwith glances بِهَاin them مَرضٌlanguor
ظَبيٌ يَصِيدُ بِألحَاظٍ بِهَا مَرضٌ
قَلبthe heart الكَمِيّof the armored warrior ولاyet not يُصطَادُis caught بِالحِيَلِby tricks
قَلب الكَمِيّ ولا يُصطَادُ بِالحِيَلِ
A gazelle who hunts, with languid glances,
the armored warrior's heart, yet cannot be caught by tricks.
يَقُولُhe says أشرِبmake drink حَشَاكyour heart اليَأسdespair وارضand be content بهِwith it
يَقُولُ أشرِب حَشَاك اليَأس وارض بهِ
فَاليَأسُfor despair أشفَىis more healing مِنthan السَّلسَالِsweet flowing water لِلغُلَلِfor burning thirst
فَاليَأسُ أشفَى مِن السَّلسَالِ لِلغُلَلِ
He says: “Make your heart drink despair, and accept it;
for despair heals burning thirst better than sweet flowing water.
لاnot نلتyou attained قربيmy nearness والهِجرانand estrangement فِيin قَرنٍone yoke
لا نلت قربي والهِجران فِي قَرنٍ
ضِدٌّan opposite بِضِدّwith an opposite كَجَمعِlike joining القُطنِcotton بِالشُّعَلِwith flames
ضِدٌّ بِضِدّ كَجَمعِ القُطنِ بِالشُّعَلِ
You cannot have my nearness and estrangement yoked together:
opposite joined to opposite, like cotton joined to flames.”
فَقُلتُso I said كَفُّthe hand أبِيof Abu عثمانUthman قدalready جَمَعَتhas united
فَقُلتُ كَفُّ أبِي عثمان قد جَمَعَت
بَينَbetween الرَّدىdeath والنَّداand bounty والصَّابِand bitter sap والعَسَلِand honey
بَينَ الرَّدى والنَّدا والصَّابِ والعَسَلِ
I replied: “The hand of Abu Uthman has united
death and bounty, bitter sap and honey.”
إنif شِمتَyou watched بَارِقَهُhis lightning أوor شِمتyou beheld صارِمَهُhis keen sword
إن شِمتَ بَارِقَهُ أو شِمت صارِمَهُ
فَاقدُمthen advance عَلَىtoward الغَيثِlife-giving rain أوor فَاقدُمthen advance علىtoward الأجَلِthe appointed death
فَاقدُم عَلَى الغَيثِ أو فَاقدُم على الأجَلِ
If you watch his lightning or behold his keen sword,
advance toward rain, or advance toward death.
أغرّيَكتُمُa radiant man who conceals مِنout of جُودِgenerosity عَوارِفَهُhis favors
أغرّيَكتُمُ مِن جُودِ عَوارِفَهُ
ويُشهِرُand brandishes الِيضthe bright swords بأساًin valor شُهرةwith the renown المَثَلِof a proverb
ويُشهِرُ الِيض بأساً شُهرة المَثَلِ
A radiant man who hides his favors out of generosity,
and brandishes bright swords in valor, with a proverb's renown.
فَيُشهِرُthus makes known الحَمدُpraise مَاwhat أخفَاهُhe hid it منof مِنَنٍfavors
فَيُشهِرُ الحَمدُ مَا أخفَاهُ من مِنَنٍ
ويَكتُمُand hides الضَّربُstriking بِيضbright blades الهِندِof India فيin القُلَلِthe heads
ويَكتُمُ الضَّربُ بِيض الهِندِ في القُلَلِ
Thus praise reveals the favors he has hidden,
while his blows conceal India's bright blades in skulls.
يأوِيseeks refuge لِعَليَاهُin his eminence مَحمِيٌّone protected ومُضطَهَدٌand one oppressed
يأوِي لِعَليَاهُ مَحمِيٌّ ومُضطَهَدٌ
كَالماءlike water فِيهِin it وُرُودُcoming to drink اللَّيثِof the lion والحَمَلِand the lamb
كَالماء فِيهِ وُرُودُ اللَّيثِ والحَمَلِ
The protected and oppressed seek refuge in his eminence,
like water where lion and lamb both come to drink.
ويَشتَهِيand desires نَيلَهُhis bounty مُثرٍa wealthy man وَذُوand one with عَدَمٍpoverty
ويَشتَهِي نَيلَهُ مُثرٍ وَذُو عَدَمٍ
كَالرَّاحِlike wine تَحسُنُis pleasing للِصَّاحِيto the sober وَللِثَّمِلِand to the drunk
كَالرَّاحِ تَحسُنُ للِصَّاحِي وَللِثَّمِلِ
Rich man and pauper alike desire his bounty,
like wine, pleasing to both the sober and the drunk.
ذُpossessor of عَزمَةٍresolve كَالتِمَاعِlike the flash البَرقِof lightning واَقِدَةٍblazing
ذُ عَزمَةٍ كَالتِمَاعِ البَرقِ واَقِدَةٍ
تَجِيءُcomes مِنfrom نَصرِهِhis victory بِالعَارِضِwith a rain cloud الهَطِلِpouring
تَجِيءُ مِن نَصرِهِ بِالعَارِضِ الهَطِلِ
His resolve blazes like lightning's flash,
bringing from his victory a cloud pouring rain.
أمنٌsecurity لِذِيfor one with حَذَرٍfear بُرءٌhealing لِذِيfor one with سَقَمٍsickness
أمنٌ لِذِي حَذَرٍ بُرءٌ لِذِي سَقَمٍ
بِشرٌcheer لِمُكتَئِبٍfor the dejected سَلوَىsolace لِمُهتَبِلِfor the grief-stricken
بِشرٌ لِمُكتَئِبٍ سَلوَى لِمُهتَبِلِ
Security for the fearful, healing for the sick,
cheer for the dejected, solace for the grief-stricken.
يَخِفُّgrows light بِشراًwith cheer إذاwhen انهَلَّتpour forth أنامِلُهُhis fingertips
يَخِفُّ بِشراً إذا انهَلَّت أنامِلُهُ
وَالسُّحبُand the clouds تُوصَفُare described إذwhen تَنهَلّthey pour بِالثِّقَلِas heavy
وَالسُّحبُ تُوصَفُ إذ تَنهَلّ بِالثِّقَلِ
He grows light with joy when his fingertips pour forth,
while clouds, when they pour, are described as heavy.
لِجَدّهِfor his good fortune أثَرٌan effect فِيon كُلّevery مُبتَعِدٍdistant thing
لِجَدّهِ أثَرٌ فِي كُلّ مُبتَعِدٍ
لَوif كَانَwere يَدرِيto know بِهِof it الخَطِّيُّthe Khatti spear لَمnot يَطُلِgrow long
لَو كَانَ يَدرِي بِهِ الخَطِّيُّ لَم يَطُلِ
His good fortune has an effect on everything far away;
if the Khatti spear knew of it, it would not grow long.
لَولاَwere it not for السُّعُودُthe auspicious stars الَّتِيwhich نِيطَتwere tied بِهِمَّتِهِto his ambition
لَولاَ السُّعُودُ الَّتِي نِيطَت بِهِمَّتِهِ
لَكُنتُI would have been أنسُبُهَاascribing it بُعداًfor remoteness إلَىto زُحلٍSaturn
لَكُنتُ أنسُبُهَا بُعداً إلَى زُحلٍ
Were it not for the auspicious stars bound to his ambition,
I would, for its remoteness, ascribe it to Saturn.
ألمِمpay a visit بهِto him تُلفِyou will find رُوحَthe spirit البِشرِof cheerfulness فيin أحُدٍMount Uhud
ألمِم بهِ تُلفِ رُوحَ البِشرِ في أحُدٍ
وَالعَدلَand justice فِيin أسَدٍa lion وَالنَّاسَand all people فِيin رَجُلِone man
وَالعَدلَ فِي أسَدٍ وَالنَّاسَ فِي رَجُلِ
Visit him: you will find the spirit of cheerfulness in Mount Uhud,
justice in a lion, and all humanity in one man.
زَيَّنتَyou adorned مُلكَكَyour realm إذwhen زَانَتكَadorned you بَهجَتُهُits splendor
زَيَّنتَ مُلكَكَ إذ زَانَتكَ بَهجَتُهُ
وَبَعضُand some حُليِornaments الوَرَىof humankind شَاكٍcomplaining مِنَof العَطَلِlack of adornment
وَبَعضُ حُليِ الوَرَى شَاكٍ مِنَ العَطَلِ
You adorned your realm as its splendor adorned you,
yet some ornaments of humankind lament being unadorned.
أنشَأتَyou fashioned مِنfrom ذَابِلِwithered العِيدَانِwooden staves ذَاone bearing ثَمَرٍfruit
أنشَأتَ مِن ذَابِلِ العِيدَانِ ذَا ثَمَرٍ
بِعَاجلِwith swift النَّصرِvictory لاَnot زَهرَthe flowers الرُّبَىof the hills الخَضِلlush
بِعَاجلِ النَّصرِ لاَ زَهرَ الرُّبَى الخَضِل
You made a withered shaft bear fruit—
swift victory, not the flowers of lush hills.
يُزهَىtakes pride بِهِin it المَاءُwater نَجلاًas a son مُنجباًbegetting noble offspring وَلَهُand it has
يُزهَى بِهِ المَاءُ نَجلاً مُنجباً وَلَهُ
إلَىto الغَوَادِيthe morning rains انتسابٌa lineage غَيرُnot مُنتَحلِfalsely claimed
إلَى الغَوَادِي انتسابٌ غَيرُ مُنتَحلِ
Water boasts of it, a son that begets noble offspring, and it has
a genuine lineage tracing back to the morning rains.
وَعَىlearned عَنِfrom الطَّيرِthe birds لمّاwhen كَانَit was يَألَفُهُkeeping company with them
وَعَى عَنِ الطَّيرِ لمّا كَانَ يَألَفُهُ
غَضَّاfresh and green فَطَارَso it flew حَدِيثاًrecently فِعلَas the act مُمتَثِلِof one obeying
غَضَّا فَطَارَ حَدِيثاً فِعلَ مُمتَثِلِ
It learned from the birds when it kept company with them,
while green; now it has flown, like an obedient follower.
تَصُوغُهُshapes it الرّيحthe wind سهماًinto an arrow لاnot يطيشgoes astray إذاwhen
تَصُوغُهُ الرّيح سهماً لا يطيش إذا
صَاغَتfashioned مِنَfrom المَاءِthe water سَرداchain mail محكمperfected العَمَلِin workmanship
صَاغَت مِنَ المَاءِ سَردا محكم العَمَلِ
The wind shapes it into an arrow that does not stray, even when
it fashions water into chain mail of flawless workmanship.
إذاwhen جَرَتrun خَلفَهُbehind it الأروَاحُthe winds تفهمyou understand منfrom
إذا جَرَت خَلفَهُ الأروَاحُ تفهم من
تَرجِيعِهَاtheir reverberation أنَّهَاthat they are أنفَاسُthe breaths ذِيof one with كَلَلِweariness
تَرجِيعِهَا أنَّهَا أنفَاسُ ذِي كَلَلِ
When the winds run behind it, you understand from
their reverberation that they are the breaths of someone weary.
خَدّa cheek تَردَّىclothed itself in احمِرَارَthe redness الصَّبغِof dye عَنfrom خَفَرٍmodesty
خَدّ تَردَّى احمِرَارَ الصَّبغِ عَن خَفَرٍ
جَفنan eyelid تَحَلَّىadorned itself with سَوادَthe blackness القَارِof pitch عَنfrom كَحَلِnatural eyelid darkness
جَفن تَحَلَّى سَوادَ القَارِ عَن كَحَلِ
A cheek draped in crimson dye, as though from modesty;
an eyelid adorned with pitch-blackness, as though naturally kohl-rimmed.
سَوَادُهُits blackness إثمِدٌantimony يَشفِيheals العُيُونَthe eyes إذَاwhen
سَوَادُهُ إثمِدٌ يَشفِي العُيُونَ إذَا
أعشَىdazzles سَنَاthe gleam الهِندِof Indian steel فِيهِin it رَانِيَgazing المُقَلِeyes
أعشَى سَنَا الهِندِ فِيهِ رَانِيَ المُقَلِ
Its blackness is antimony that heals the eyes when
the gleam of Indian steel within it dazzles the gazing eyes.
لَمnot أدرI knew لَولاَهُbut for it زِنجِيَّاa black African man قَدindeed اتَّضَحَتshowed clearly
لَم أدر لَولاَهُ زِنجِيَّا قَد اتَّضَحَت
عَلىupon دُجَىthe darkness وَجنَتَيهِof his two cheeks خَمرَةُthe wine-red blush الخَجَلِof shyness
عَلى دُجَى وَجنَتَيهِ خَمرَةُ الخَجَلِ
But for it, I would not have known a Zanj man clearly displaying
the wine-red blush of shyness upon his cheeks' darkness.
وَألحَفُوهُand they cloaked it بَيَاضَthe whiteness الشَّحمِof fat فَوقَهُمَاover them both
وَألحَفُوهُ بَيَاضَ الشَّحمِ فَوقَهُمَا
فَجَاءso it became كَالخَمرِlike wine تَلوِيناًin coloring وَلَمand not يَحُلِgrow sweet
فَجَاء كَالخَمرِ تَلوِيناً وَلَم يَحُلِ
They cloaked it in fat's whiteness over both cheeks,
so it resembled wine in color, though it was not sweet.
احمَرَّturned red مَوقِدُهُits kindled part وَابيَضَّand turned white خَامِدُهُits quenched part
احمَرَّ مَوقِدُهُ وَابيَضَّ خَامِدُهُ
وَاسوَدَّand turned black مَاwhatever كَانَwas مِنهُof it غَيرَnot مُشتَعِلِburning
وَاسوَدَّ مَا كَانَ مِنهُ غَيرَ مُشتَعِلِ
Its kindled part turned red, its quenched part white,
while whatever in it was not burning turned black.
يَبغِيseeks الأعَادِيthe enemies غُرَاباًas a raven بِالحمَامِbearing death وَقَدand indeed
يَبغِي الأعَادِي غُرَاباً بِالحمَامِ وَقَد
يَنقَضُّswoops صَقراًas a falcon بِحَيثُwhere الرُّومُthe Romans كَالحَجَلِlike partridges
يَنقَضُّ صَقراً بِحَيثُ الرُّومُ كَالحَجَلِ
It seeks enemies as a raven bearing death, and indeed
swoops as a falcon where the Romans are like partridges.
كأنَّمَاas though خَصرُهُits waist إثرَafter الطَّرِيدِthe fugitive بِهِwith it
كأنَّمَا خَصرُهُ إثرَ الطَّرِيدِ بِهِ
رَقصٌa dance عَلَىto نَغَماتِthe melodies الِيضِof bright swords وَالأسَلِand spears
رَقصٌ عَلَى نَغَماتِ الِيضِ وَالأسَلِ
As though its waist, following the fugitive pursued with it,
were dancing to the music of bright swords and spears.
أفعَالَdeeds مُعتَمَدٍof a trusted man سَوَّىmade equal النَّجَاحُsuccess لَهُfor him
أفعَالَ مُعتَمَدٍ سَوَّى النَّجَاحُ لَهُ
فِيin حَالَةِthe state الرَّأيِof judgment بَينَbetween الرَّيثِdelay وَالعَجَلِand haste
فِي حَالَةِ الرَّأيِ بَينَ الرَّيثِ وَالعَجَلِ
Deeds of a trusted man, for whom success makes no distinction
in matters of judgment between delay and haste.
يَاO مَنyou whose تُتَيِّمُنِيenthrall me أوصَافُهُhis qualities فَلِذَاand therefore
يَا مَن تُتَيِّمُنِي أوصَافُهُ فَلِذَا
يُرَىis seen لمَدحِيَin my praise فِيهشof him رِقَّةُthe tenderness الغَزَلِof love poetry
يُرَى لمَدحِيَ فِيهش رِقَّةُ الغَزَلِ
O you whose qualities enthrall me—that is why
my praise of you displays the tenderness of love poetry.
لَكَto you belongs الثَّنَاءُpraise فَإنso if يُذكَرis mentioned سِوَاكَsomeone other than you بِهِwith it
لَكَ الثَّنَاءُ فَإن يُذكَر سِوَاكَ بِهِ
يَوماًone day فَكَالرَّابعِthen like the fourth المَعدُودِcounted فِيamong البَدَلِgrammatical substitutions
يَوماً فَكَالرَّابعِ المَعدُودِ فِي البَدَلِ
Praise is yours; if another is named in it
one day, it is like the fourth kind of grammatical substitution: a slip.
أريدُI desire إذنَكَyour permission فيfor وُشكِthe imminence الرَّحِيلِof departure وَإنeven if
أريدُ إذنَكَ في وُشكِ الرَّحِيلِ وَإن
لَمnot يَرضَis pleased جُودُكَyour generosity عَنwith تَشيِيعِseeing off مُرتَحِلِa departing traveler
لَم يَرضَ جُودُكَ عَن تَشيِيعِ مُرتَحِلِ
I seek your permission for an imminent departure, even if
your generosity disapproves of seeing a traveler off.
فَإنso if أفَارِقكَI leave you دَوحاًas a great tree فِيهِin which قَدalready سَجَعَتhas cooed
فَإن أفَارِقكَ دَوحاً فِيهِ قَد سَجَعَت
وَرقَاءُthe gray dove حَمدِيَof my praise بِالأبكَأرِin the mornings وَالأصُلِand late afternoons
وَرقَاءُ حَمدِيَ بِالأبكَأرِ وَالأصُلِ
If I leave you, a great tree in which has cooed
the gray dove of my praise, in the mornings and late afternoons,
فَفَوقَthen above عِطفِيmy shoulder وَفيand in أنفِيmy nose لَهُbelonging to it وَيَدِيand my hand
فَفَوقَ عِطفِي وَفي أنفِي لَهُ وَيَدِي
جَنيٌfruit وَعَرفand fragrance وَظِلُّand shade غَيرُnot مُنتَقِلِdeparting
جَنيٌ وَعَرف وَظِلُّ غَيرُ مُنتَقِلِ
then above my shoulder, in my nostrils, and in my hand remain
its fruit, fragrance, and shade, never departing.
أوor ذُقتُI tasted بَعدَكَafter you مُرَّاsomething bitter كَالعِتَابِlike reproach وَقَدand already
أو ذُقتُ بَعدَكَ مُرَّا كَالعِتَابِ وَقَد
جَنَيتُI gathered مِنكَfrom you لَهُagainst it أحلَىsomething sweeter مِنَthan القُبَلُkisses
جَنَيتُ مِنكَ لَهُ أحلَى مِنَ القُبَلُ
Or if, after you, I taste bitterness like reproach, I have already
gathered from you, against it, something sweeter than kisses.
أحلّI loosen قَيدَa tether عَنfrom جَنَابِكُمُyour court
أحلّ قَيدَ عَن جَنَابِكُمُ
لَكِنbut رَجَائِيmy hope بهِin it فِيin أوثَقِthe firmest of العُقُلhobbles
لَكِن رَجَائِي بهِ فِي أوثَقِ العُقُل
I loosen a tether from your court,
but my hope is held there in the strongest hobbles.
وَمًاand not أقُولُI say أغُضُّI lower الطَّرفَmy gaze بَعدَكُمُafter leaving you
وَمًا أقُولُ أغُضُّ الطَّرفَ بَعدَكُمُ
حَتَّىuntil أرَاكُمI see you بِهِwith it كالشَّمسِlike the sun فيin الحَمَلِAries
حَتَّى أرَاكُم بِهِ كالشَّمسِ في الحَمَلِ
Nor do I say, “I shall lower my gaze after leaving you,
until I see you with it, like the sun in Aries.”
فَمُذfor once أفَارِقُI leave شَمسَthe sun الفَضلِof excellence كَيفَhow أرىcan I see
فَمُذ أفَارِقُ شَمسَ الفَضلِ كَيفَ أرى
وَنَاظِرِيwhile my eye فِيin ظَلاَمٍdarkness غَيرَnot مُنفَصِلِinterrupted
وَنَاظِرِي فِي ظَلاَمٍ غَيرَ مُنفَصِلِ
For once I leave the sun of excellence, how can I see,
while my eye is in unbroken darkness?
نَفسِيmy soul لَدَيكin your presence إذاwhen ودَّعتُI bid farewell زَاهِقَةٌexpires
نَفسِي لَدَيك إذا ودَّعتُ زَاهِقَةٌ
فَهَبso grant لِيَto me اليومَtoday نَفساًa soul فِيamong هِبَاتِكَyour gifts لِيto me
فَهَب لِيَ اليومَ نَفساً فِي هِبَاتِكَ لِي
My soul expires before you when I bid farewell;
so grant me a soul today among your gifts to me.