قسماan oath بليلby the night of الشعرthe hair منكof yours إذاwhen سجاgrew still
قسما بليل الشعر منك إذا سجا
وبنورand by the light of وجهكyour face انهindeed it is بدرthe full moon of الدجاthe darkness
وبنور وجهك انه بدر الدجا
I swear by the night of your hair when it lies still,
I swear by the night of your hair when it grows still,
and by the light of your face—for it is the full moon of darkness:
And by your face's light: it is the full moon of darkness.
ماwhenever لاحgleamed فرقكyour hair's parting بالسناwith radiance متهللاbeaming
ما لاح فرقك بالسنا متهللا
الاexcept that رأيتI saw الفجرthe dawn منهfrom it تبلجاbreak forth
الا رأيت الفجر منه تبلجا
never did the parting of your hair gleam, radiant with splendor,
Whenever your hair's parting gleamed, beaming with radiance,
but that I saw dawn break forth from it.
I saw the dawn break forth from it.
ياO صاحبيmy two companions بوجنتيهin his two cheeks تمتعاyou two, delight
يا صاحبي بوجنتيه تمتعا
وتنزهاand you two, stroll فيin روضهاits garden وتفرجاand you two, enjoy the view
وتنزها في روضها وتفرجا
O my two companions, delight in his cheeks;
O my two companions, delight in his cheeks,
stroll through their garden and gaze.
And stroll through their garden and enjoy the view.
وعلىand at اللوىal-Liwā (curving sands) منof صدغهhis temple-lock عوجاyou two, turn aside بهat it
وعلى اللوى من صدغه عوجا به
ومنand from العذارthe cheek-down علىto زرودZarūd عرجاyou two, turn aside
ومن العذار على زرود عرجا
Turn with him toward the pearls beside his temple,
And turn aside there at al-Liwā of his temple-lock,
and pause at the chain mail of his downy beard.
And from his cheek-down turn aside to Zarūd.
وخذاand you two, take أماناًa pledge of safety منfrom سيوفswords لحاظهhis glances
وخذا أماناً من سيوف لحاظه
انif سالمتthey make peace يوماone day والاand if not فالنجاthen flee!
ان سالمت يوما والا فالنجا
Seek safe conduct from the swords of his glances:
And take a pledge of safety from the swords of his glances,
if they spare you one day—or else, flee!
If ever they make peace; otherwise, flee!
منwho ليfor me بهwith him حلوsweet المعاطفthe curves لمnot يزلceased
من لي به حلو المعاطف لم يزل
بدمwith the blood of القلوبthe hearts الخدthe cheek منهof him مضرجاdyed
بدم القلوب الخد منه مضرجا
Who will bring me that sweetly swaying one, whose cheek
Who will bring him to me, sweet of form? Forever
has never ceased to be stained with hearts’ blood?
His cheek is stained with the blood of hearts.
خطwrote الجمالbeauty علىupon حواشيthe margins of خدهhis cheek
خط الجمال على حواشي خده
سطراa line بريحانwith the basil of العذارthe cheek-down مخرجاtraced out
سطرا بريحان العذار مخرجا
Beauty has inscribed along the margins of his cheek
Beauty wrote along the margins of his cheek
a line traced in the myrtle of his beard’s first down.
A line traced in the basil of his cheek-down.
ظبيa gazelle منamong الاتراكthe Turks لمnot ارI saw قبلهbefore him
ظبي من الاتراك لم ار قبله
بدراa full moon يلوحappearing مشربشاwearing a sharbūsh cap ومتوجاand crowned
بدرا يلوح مشربشا ومتوجا
A Turkish gazelle—I never saw before him
A gazelle among the Turks: before him I had never seen
a full moon appearing robed in brocade and crowned—
A full moon appear wearing a sharbūsh cap and a crown.
نشوانintoxicated يعجمmakes indistinct نطقهhis speech فكأنماso it is as though
نشوان يعجم نطقه فكأنما
مالتswayed بهwith him خمرthe wine of الصباyouth فتلجلجاso he stammered
مالت به خمر الصبا فتلجلجا
drunk, his speech made indistinct, as though
Intoxicated, he speaks indistinctly, as though
the wine of youth had swayed him and made him falter.
The wine of youth had swayed him, so he stammered.
فكأنso it is as though تحتbeneath البندthe sash مائجundulating ردفهhis buttocks
فكأن تحت البند مائج ردفه
موجa wave بهwith it لعبplayed الهوىdesire فترجرجاso it rippled
موج به لعب الهوى فترجرجا
It is as though beneath the sash his surging haunches were
And it is as though his swaying hips beneath the sash were
a wave with which passion played, making it tremble.
A wave with which desire played, making it ripple.
فكأنماso it is as though اعتصرتwas pressed لناfor us منfrom خدهhis cheek
فكأنما اعتصرت لنا من خده
راحwine بغيرwith anything other than رضابهhis saliva لنwill not تمزجاbe mixed
راح بغير رضابه لن تمزجا
It is as though there had been pressed for us from his cheek
And as though there had been pressed for us from his cheek
a wine that could never be mixed with anything but his saliva:
Wine to be mixed with nothing but his saliva.
حمراءred قدindeed ابدتhas revealed بكفin the palm of مديرهاits cupbearer
حمراء قد ابدت بكف مديرها
ناراa fire بهاthrough it قلبيmy heart يزيدgrows تأججاmore ablaze
نارا بها قلبي يزيد تأججا
red wine that, in its pourer’s hand, revealed
Red, it has revealed in its cupbearer's palm
a fire that made my heart blaze still higher.
A fire that makes my heart burn ever more fiercely.
يسبيكcaptivates you لحظاin his glance قدindeed حماهhe guarded it فاتراlanguid
يسبيك لحظا قد حماه فاترا
ويروقand delights ثغراa mouth بارداcool ومفلجاand gap-toothed
ويروق ثغرا باردا ومفلجا
He takes you captive with a guarded, languid glance,
He captivates you with a languid glance he has guarded,
and enchants you with a cool, gap-toothed smile.
And enchants with a cool mouth with spaced teeth.
ياAh قاتلmay ... smite اللهGod العذولthe reproacher فانهfor indeed he
يا قاتل الله العذول فانه
ابدىvoiced الملامreproach سفاهةfoolishly وتبهرجاand pretentiously
ابدى الملام سفاهة وتبهرجا
May God confound the censor, for he
Ah, may God smite the reproacher, for he
displayed his blame in folly and ostentation.
Has voiced reproach in folly and empty display.
ايضلنيdoes he lead me astray? واناwhile I الذيwho لمnot استطعI could
ايضلني وانا الذي لم استطع
فيin الحبlove عنaway from داكthat القوامstature تعوجاturning aside
في الحب عن داك القوام تعوجا
Would he lead me astray, when I am one who could never
Would he lead me astray, when I am one who could not
swerve in love from that straight figure?
In love turn aside from that graceful stature?
لاmay ... not نلتI attain سؤليmy wish انif سلوتI forget my love ولاnor سرتsailed
لا نلت سؤلي ان سلوت ولا سرت
يوماone day لبحرto the sea of الجودgenerosity بيwith me سفنthe ships of الرجاhope
يوما لبحر الجود بي سفن الرجا
May I never gain my desire if I forget, nor may
May I never gain my wish if I forget him, nor may
the ships of hope ever carry me to the sea of generosity—
The ships of hope ever bear me to generosity's sea—
قاضيjudge of القضاةthe judges ابوAbū السعودal-Suʿūd ومنand he who بهthrough him
قاضي القضاة ابو السعود ومن به
فلكthe sphere of المعاليeminence بالمعانيwith meanings اسرجاwas lit
فلك المعالي بالمعاني اسرجا
the Chief Judge, Abu al-Su‘ud, through whom
The chief judge, Abū al-Suʿūd, through whom
the firmament of high glory was lit with virtues;
The sphere of eminence is illumined with meaning.
مولىlord of الصلاتgifts الواصلاتthat reach ومنand he who ازاremoved (word continues)
مولى الصلات الواصلات ومن ازا
لcompletes 'removed' المعضلاتhardships عنfrom العفاةseekers of bounty وفرجاand brought relief
ل المعضلات عن العفاة وفرجا
master of unstinting gifts, he who removes
Lord of gifts that reach their seekers, he who has removed
hardships from petitioners and brings relief;
Hardships from supplicants and brought relief.
العالمthe scholar المكيthe Meccan والفردand the peerless one الذيwho
العالم المكي والفرد الذي
بالفضلto excellence قدindeed شهدتhave testified لهfor him اهلthe people of الحجازthe Hijaz
بالفضل قد شهدت له اهل الحجاز
the Meccan scholar, that peerless man
The Meccan scholar, the peerless one whose
whose excellence the people of the Hijaz attest.
Excellence the people of the Hijaz have attested.
مولىa lord اذاwhen منهin him اختبرتyou test خلالهhis qualities
مولى اذا منه اختبرت خلاله
ذهباgold تراهyou see him وماand not عاهunclear as written بهرجاcounterfeit metal
ذهبا تراه وما عاه بهرجا
A master whose qualities, if put to the test,
A lord: when you put his qualities to the test,
you find pure gold, while all besides him is counterfeit.
You see him as gold, not counterfeit metal.
طابتgrew pleasant بهthrough him الايامthe days واعتدلتand grew balanced فماso how
طابت به الايام واعتدلت فما
ابهىhow splendid بطلعتهthrough his countenance الزمانthe age وابهجاand how joyful
ابهى بطلعته الزمان وابهجا
Through him the days grew sweet and well-proportioned—how
Through him the days grew pleasant and harmonious—how
splendid and joyous time became at his appearing!
Splendid and joyous his countenance has made the age!
نشرتspread لهfor him ذكراrenown مكارمهhis noble deeds التيwhich
نشرت له ذكرا مكارمه التي
منfrom نشرهاtheir fragrance عرفthe scent of العبيرperfume تأرجاwafted sweetly
من نشرها عرف العبير تأرجا
His noble deeds spread his renown—the deeds that,
His noble deeds have spread his renown—deeds whose
when diffused, made ambergris’s fragrance waft.
Fragrance makes perfume's scent waft abroad.
حرمa sanctuary اذاwhen امheads for المؤملthe hopeful seeker بابهhis door
حرم اذا ام المؤمل بابه
نالgained المؤملthe hopeful seeker فوقbeyond ماwhat منهfrom him رجاhe hoped for
نال المؤمل فوق ما منه رجا
His gate is a sanctuary when the hopeful seeker approaches it;
A sanctuary: when a hopeful seeker comes to his door,
he gains beyond what he had hoped to receive.
The seeker gains more than he hoped for from him.
تسعىhurry الوفودthe delegations لنحوهtoward him زمراin throngs فمنso among them
تسعى الوفود لنحوه زمرا فمن
غادa morning traveller تراهyou see him سارياtravelling by night اوor مدلجاsetting out in darkness
غاد تراه ساريا او مدلجا
Delegations hasten toward him in throngs; whoever departs
Delegations hurry toward him in throngs; among them
you see traveling by night, whether early or late.
You see a morning traveller, a night traveller, or one setting out in darkness.
ازرتcast scorn بلاغتهhis eloquence بسحبانupon Saḥbān ولوand if
ازرت بلاغته بسحبان ولو
قسٌّQuss فصاحتهhis eloquence رأىsaw لتلجلجاwould surely have stammered
قسٌّ فصاحته رأى لتلجلجا
His eloquence put Sahban’s to shame; even if
His eloquence has put Saḥbān to shame; had
Quss had witnessed it, he would have faltered.
Quss seen his eloquence, he would have stammered.
حازmastered العلومthe sciences فليسso there is no منany علمscience عفاfaded
حاز العلوم فليس من علم عفا
الاexcept ويوماand one day فيهin it جددhe renewed منهجاa path
الا ويوما فيه جدد منهجا
He mastered every science; not one field escaped him
He mastered the sciences: no discipline fell into neglect
without his one day renewing its path.
Without his renewing a path through it one day.
واذاand when تلاhe recites فوقupon المنابرthe pulpits ساجعاin rhyming prose
واذا تلا فوق المنابر ساجعا
مناwithin us الجوانحthe ribs والبلابلand heart-troubles هيجاhe stirred
منا الجوانح والبلابل هيجا
And when he declaims in rhymed prose from the pulpits,
And when he recites in rhyming prose upon the pulpits,
he stirs the hearts and restless longings within us.
He stirs our breasts and our restless cares.
وتميلand sway منfrom طربrapture بهbecause of him اعوادهits timbers
وتميل من طرب به اعواده
فكأنso it is as though مناamong us قدindeed شجاهاsaddened them ماwhat شجاsaddened us
فكأن منا قد شجاها ما شجا
The pulpit’s timbers sway in rapture at him,
And its timbers sway with rapture because of him,
as though what moved us to sorrow had made them plaintive too.
As though what saddened us had saddened them too.
متdie! ياO حسودenvious one صبابةof longing فعدوهfor his enemy
مت يا حسود صبابة فعدوه
قدindeed راحhas come يصليis scorched by جمرهhis coals المتوهجاglowing
قد راح يصلي جمره المتوهجا
Die of yearning, O envier! For his enemy
Die of longing, envious one! For his enemy
has gone to scorch in its blazing coals.
Has come to burn in his own glowing coals.
قسماan oath بهby him لولاwere it not for تغزلthe love-poetry of مدحهhis praise
قسما به لولا تغزل مدحه
ماnot كنتI would have خلجاprobably part of 'anklet' لاprobably completes 'anklet' ذكرتmentioned ودملجاand a bracelet
ما كنت خلجا لا ذكرت ودملجا
By him I swear: were it not for the love-prelude to his praise,
I swear by him: but for the love-poetry in his praise,
I would not have been stirred, nor mentioned love and woven it in.
I would not have mentioned an anklet [uncertain reading] or a bracelet.
اكرمhow noble بهاthey are فيthroughout الخافقينthe East and West مآثراas glorious deeds
اكرم بها في الخافقين مآثرا
ألهجنthey made ... eager شعريmy poetry بالمديحfor praise فالهجاso it inspired eagerness
ألهجن شعري بالمديح فالهجا
How noble are the exploits he has throughout the two horizons!
How noble those deeds are throughout the East and West!
They made my verse speak insistently in praise, and so it sang.
They made my verse eager for praise, and it inspired eagerness.
ياO ابنson of الكرامthe noble الطيبينthe pure ومنand of those الىto
يا ابن الكرام الطيبين ومن الى
نادىthe assembly of حماهمtheir sanctuary لاnot يخيبis disappointed منwhoever التجاseeks refuge
نادى حماهم لا يخيب من التجا
O son of the noble and pure—of those whose
O son of the noble and pure, and of those to whose
sanctuary no seeker enters and comes away disappointed—
Sheltering assembly none turns for refuge in vain.
خذهاtake it اليكto yourself حديقةa garden اضحىhas become بهاthrough it
خذها اليك حديقة اضحى بها
روضthe meadow of المديحpraise موشعاembroidered ومدبجاand brocaded
روض المديح موشعا ومدبجا
receive it: a garden through which
Receive it—a garden through which
the meadow of praise has become flowered and brocaded.
The meadow of praise has become embroidered and brocaded.
نظمتهاI strung it دراpearls عليهfor it غصتI dived فيinto
نظمتها درا عليه غصت في
بحرthe sea of القريضpoetry وسرتand I travelled فيهthrough it ملجلجاtossed about
بحر القريض وسرت فيه ملجلجا
I strung it as pearls for him, diving
I strung it as pearls, for which I dived into
into the sea of verse and ranging through its surging depths.
The sea of verse and travelled through it, tossed about.
فلعلso perhaps صبحthe dawn of نداكyour generosity تشرقwill shine شمسهits sun
فلعل صبح نداك تشرق شمسه
يوماone day عليّupon me فليلfor the night of فقريmy poverty قدalready دجاdarkened
يوما عليّ فليل فقري قد دجا
May the sun of your bounty’s dawn perhaps shine
So perhaps the sun of your bounty's dawn will shine
upon me one day, for the night of my poverty has grown dark.
Upon me one day, for the night of my poverty has darkened.
لاmay ... not زلتyou cease to be حصناa fortress للعفاةfor seekers of bounty وملجأand a refuge
لا زلت حصنا للعفاة وملجأ
وحماكand your sanctuary مأنوساwelcoming وظلكand your shade سجسجساtemperate
وحماك مأنوسا وظلك سجسجسا
May you remain a fortress and refuge for petitioners,
May you ever remain a fortress and refuge for seekers of bounty,
your sanctuary welcoming and your shade temperate.
And your sanctuary welcoming, your shade temperate.
وبقيتand may you endure ماas long as بقيendures الزمانtime ولمand not تزلyou cease
وبقيت ما بقي الزمان ولم تزل
توليyou bestow النوالgifts وسحبand the clouds of جودكyour generosity مرتجيhoped for
تولي النوال وسحب جودك مرتجي
May you endure as long as time endures, and never cease
And may you live as long as time endures, never ceasing
bestowing gifts, while the clouds of your generosity are awaited.
To bestow gifts, your generosity's clouds ever awaited.