طَيفٌan apparition لِمَنof the one whom أَهوىI love أَلَمّاcame visiting
طَيفٌ لِمَن أَهوى أَلَمّا
يَطويfolding up ذُيولَthe trailing skirts اللَيلِof the night لَمّاgathering together
يَطوي ذُيولَ اللَيلِ لَمّا
An apparition of the one I love came visiting,
A specter of the one I love brought me pain
folding up the trailing skirts of night.
As it folded the hems of the night together
أَهلاًwelcome بِهِto him لَوif only أَنَّthat طَرeye (first part)
أَهلاً بِهِ لَو أَنَّ طَر
فيmy eye (completion) لِلمَنامِof sleep يَذوقُtastes طَعماa flavor
في لِلمَنامِ يَذوقُ طَعما
Welcome to him—if only my eye
Greetings to him, if only a scent would waft
could taste the flavor of sleep!
And let him taste in a dream some flavor
وَنَعَمand yes لَقَدindeed أَغفيتُI dozed off فيin
وَنَعَم لَقَد أَغفيتُ في
طَلَبِseeking الخَيالِthe apparition خَيالِthe apparition of نُعمىNu'ma
طَلَبِ الخَيالِ خَيالِ نُعمى
And yes, indeed, I fell asleep while
In my quest for fantasy I slept well
seeking the apparition—the apparition of Nu'ma.
Seeking an illusion of bliss
فاِعجَبso marvel لِصَبٍّat a lovesick man يَدَّعيwho claims
فاِعجَب لِصَبٍّ يَدَّعي
نَظراًa reasoned view يُجادِلُhe disputes فيهِabout it خَصماan opponent
نَظراً يُجادِلُ فيهِ خَصما
Marvel, then, at a lovesick man who claims
So wonder at a youth who claims
a reasoned view he disputes with an opponent.
To see and argue with an opponent
يَرضىhe accepts بِمَعدومِthe unreal الخَياapparition (first part)
يَرضى بِمَعدومِ الخَيا
لِapparition (completion) حَقيقَةًas reality وَيُطيعُand obeys وَهماan illusion
لِ حَقيقَةً وَيُطيعُ وَهما
He accepts the unreal apparition
Content with the unreal shadows
as reality, and obeys an illusion.
As truth, obeying delusion
فَدَعِso leave الجِدالَargument وَخُذand take حَديثَthe tale of
فَدَعِ الجِدالَ وَخُذ حَديثَ
الطيفِthe apparition إِنif أوتيتَyou were granted فَهماunderstanding
الطيفِ إِن أوتيتَ فَهما
Leave argument aside, and take the tale
So leave arguing and listen to
of the apparition, if you have been granted understanding.
The words of the specter, if you have any wisdom
روحٌa spirit أَتَتcame to روحاًa spirit وَغَيand another (first part)
روحٌ أَتَت روحاً وَغَي
ريsomeone other than me (completion) يَلتَقيmeets بِالجِسمِwith the body جِسماa body
ري يَلتَقي بِالجِسمِ جِسما
A spirit came to a spirit, while
A soul came to a soul, while a form
another meets one body with another.
Meets a body, another form
نَصَبَset up الكَرىsleep ليfor me مِنهُfrom him غُصa bough (first part)
نَصَبَ الكَرى لي مِنهُ غُص
ناًa bough (completion) كِدتُI nearly أَنto أُذويهِmake it wither ضَمّاby embracing
ناً كِدتُ أَن أُذويهِ ضَمّا
Sleep set before me a bough of him,
Fate has set for me from it torments
which I nearly withered with my embrace.
Almost making me melt into tears
فشرعتُso I entered فيin وردىmy approach for water شَريa watering-place (first part)
فشرعتُ في وردى شَري
عةَa watering-place (completion) ريقِهِof his saliva كَرَماًwith generosity وَحلماand forbearance
عةَ ريقِهِ كَرَماً وَحلما
So, seeking water, I entered the watering-place
So I began gently in my ritual
of his saliva, with generosity and forbearance.
Its saliva generously and forbearance
وَسَكِرتُand I grew drunk حينَwhen رَشَفsipped (verb stem)
وَسَكِرتُ حينَ رَشَف
تُI (verb ending) بِلَيلَةٍon a night ياO صاحِfriend ظَلماcool mouth-moisture
تُ بِلَيلَةٍ يا صاحِ ظَلما
And I grew drunk when I sipped,
And I became drunk when I sipped
one night, my friend, his cool mouth-moisture.
One night - Oh friend of darkness!
أَنعَشتُI revived روحيmy spirit إِذwhen شَمَمinhaled (verb stem)
أَنعَشتُ روحي إِذ شَمَم
تُI (verb ending) خُدودَهُhis cheeks وَالنَفسand the breath شَمّاby inhaling
تُ خُدودَهُ وَالنَفس شَمّا
I revived my spirit when I inhaled
I revived my soul when I smelled
the scent of his cheeks and his breath.
His cheeks, and the breath smelled them
وَأَمِنتُand I was safe from وِزراًguilt إِذwhen رَشِفsipped (verb stem)
وَأَمِنتُ وِزراً إِذ رَشِف
تُI (verb ending) رضابَهُhis sweet saliva وَشَرِبتُand I drank إِثماsin; here, wine
تُ رضابَهُ وَشَرِبتُ إِثما
And I was safe from guilt when I sipped
And I committed a sin when I sipped
his sweet saliva and drank 'sin'—wine.
His saliva and drank iniquity
وَبلغتُand I attained أَقصىthe utmost مُنيتيof my desire
وَبلغتُ أَقصى مُنيتي
لَمّاwhen دَناhe drew near وَفُتِنتُand I was entranced مِمّاby what was there
لَمّا دَنا وَفُتِنتُ مِمّا
I attained the utmost of my desire
And I reached the utmost of my purpose
when he drew near, and was entranced by it.
When he came near and I was tempted by what -
ثُمَّthen اِنتَبَهتُI awoke وَعادَand returned ثَوa garment (first part)
ثُمَّ اِنتَبَهتُ وَعادَ ثَو
بُa garment (completion) الصَدِّof rejection يَكسوclothes الجِسمَthe body سقماin sickness
بُ الصَدِّ يَكسو الجِسمَ سقما
Then I awoke, and the garment
Then I woke up and the clothing of chastity
of rejection returned, clothing my body in sickness.
Covered my body with sickness
قَدindeed خُصَّwas singled out جِسميmy body بِالضَناfor wasting sickness
قَد خُصَّ جِسمي بِالضَنا
فَليسألنso he shall surely be questioned فيat الحَشرِthe Resurrection عمّاabout it
فَليسألن في الحَشرِ عمّا
My body has been singled out for wasting;
My body is singled out for deprivation
at the Resurrection, he shall surely be questioned about it.
So let them ask about it on Resurrection
ياO أَيّهاyou البَدرُfull moon المُنيthe radiant (first part)
يا أَيّها البَدرُ المُني
رُthe radiant (completion) إِلَيكَto you أَشكوI complain ماwhat أَهَمّاcaused distress
رُ إِلَيكَ أَشكو ما أَهَمّا
O you radiant full moon,
Oh radiant full moon, I complain to you
to you I complain of what has grieved me:
Of what has worried and saddened me
هَمّاًa grief لِبُعديat my distance عَنكَfrom you قَدindeed
هَمّاً لِبُعدي عَنكَ قَد
غَطّىcovered عَلىover قَلبيmy heart وَغَمّاand oppressed it
غَطّى عَلى قَلبي وَغَمّا
a grief at my distance from you that has
Worry for my distance from you
covered my heart and weighed upon it.
Has covered and saddened my heart
رِفقاًgentleness بِصَبٍّtoward a lovesick man مُغرمٍpassionately attached
رِفقاً بِصَبٍّ مُغرمٍ
أَسلَمتهُyou consigned him لِلهَجرِto abandonment ظُلماunjustly
أَسلَمتهُ لِلهَجرِ ظُلما
Be gentle with a passionately lovesick man
Be gentle with a passionate lover
whom you have unjustly consigned to abandonment.
Whom separation has unjustly afflicted
قَدindeed كادَalmost يَقتُلُkills نَفسَهُhimself
قَد كادَ يَقتُلُ نَفسَهُ
خَوفَfor fear of النَوىseparation غمّاًin sorrow وَهمّاand distress
خَوفَ النَوى غمّاً وَهمّا
He has almost killed himself,
He almost killed himself
fearing separation, in sorrow and distress.
Fearing loss, worried and anxious
قَرُبَdrew near الفَناءُdestruction إِلَيهِto him حيwhen (first part)
قَرُبَ الفَناءُ إِلَيهِ حي
نَwhen (completion) ثَوىlodged بِهِwithin him لَهبٌa flame وَحُمّاand fever
نَ ثَوى بِهِ لَهبٌ وَحُمّا
Destruction drew near to him when
Death drew near him when
a flame and fever lodged within him.
A flame resided in him, and eagerness
وَحَياةِby the life of حُبِّكَyour love خِفتُI feared مِنfrom
وَحَياةِ حُبِّكَ خِفتُ مِن
تَلَفيmy destruction فَهَبso grant ليto me مِنكَfrom you رُحمىmercy
تَلَفي فَهَب لي مِنكَ رُحمى
By the life of my love for you, I feared
And I feared for the life of your love
my destruction; grant me mercy from you.
From fading, so grant me your mercy
وَنَصيبُand the share of قَلبيmy heart مِنof لحاglances (first part)
وَنَصيبُ قَلبي مِن لحا
ظِكَyour glances (completion) وافِرٌplentiful أَفديهِI would ransom it سَهماan arrow
ظِكَ وافِرٌ أَفديهِ سَهما
My heart's share of your glances
And my heart's share of seeing you
is plentiful—may I ransom that arrow!
Is plenty, for it I'd sacrifice an arrow
قسماًI swear بِسَقمِby the languor of الطرفِthe eye قَدindeed
قسماً بِسَقمِ الطرفِ قَد
أَهدىgave لِجِسميto my body مِنهُof it قِسماa share
أَهدى لِجِسمي مِنهُ قِسما
I swear by the eye's languor, which has
I swear by the sickness of the eyelid
given my body a share of its own sickness;
Which has conferred to my body from it a portion
بِسَلامَةِby the freedom of الأَلحاظِthe glances مِنfrom
بِسَلامَةِ الأَلحاظِ مِن
سِحرٍmagic دَعاهُcalled it الصبُّthe lovesick lover سُقماsickness
سِحرٍ دَعاهُ الصبُّ سُقما
by the glances' freedom from
By the safety of glances from
a magic the lover called sickness.
A sorcery the youth called sickness
حَتّامَuntil when ياO ريقَsaliva of الحَبيthe beloved (first part)
حَتّامَ يا ريقَ الحَبي
بِthe beloved (completion) أَراكَI see you موروداًvisited for drink وأَظماand I thirst
بِ أَراكَ موروداً وأَظما
How long, O saliva of the beloved,
Enough - Oh saliva of the beloved!
shall I see you drunk from, yet remain thirsty?
I see you forbidden and intense
وَإِلامَand until when ياO قَلبيmy heart الكَئيthe sorrowful (first part)
وَإِلامَ يا قَلبي الكَئي
بِthe sorrowful (completion) بِأَسهُمِby the arrows of الأَلحاظِthe glances تُرمىare you struck
بِ بِأَسهُمِ الأَلحاظِ تُرمى
And how long, O my sorrowful heart,
Why, Oh my weary heart
will you be struck by the arrows of glances?
Struck by the arrows of glances
هَلّاwhy not صَحوتَyou sobered up مِنَfrom الغَراpassion (first part)
هَلّا صَحوتَ مِنَ الغَرا
مِpassion (completion) فَلَمand did not تُراجِعrenew فيهِin it عَزماresolve
مِ فَلَم تُراجِع فيهِ عَزما
Why not sober up from passion,
Why didn't you wake from passion
and cease renewing your resolve in it,
And reconsider your resolve in it?
وَصبرتَand patiently abstained عَمَّنfrom one who لاdoes not يُطاobey (first part)
وَصبرتَ عَمَّن لا يُطا
وِعُobey (completion) ماwhat تَشاءُyou wish نُهىًwith reason وَحلماand forbearance
وِعُ ما تَشاءُ نُهىً وَحلما
and patiently renounce one who will not
And be patient with one who doesn't
grant your wishes, with reason and forbearance?
Obey what you wish, forbiddance and forbearance
إِنif كُنتَyou are فيin ذُلٍّabasement فَلُذthen seek refuge
إِن كُنتَ في ذُلٍّ فَلُذ
بِعَزيزِwith the mighty lord of مَصرEgypt تَعِزُّyou will gain honor حَتماcertainly
بِعَزيزِ مَصر تَعِزُّ حَتما
If you are abased, seek refuge
If you are in humiliation, take refuge
with Egypt's mighty lord: you will surely gain honor.
In the mighty, honored ruler of Egypt
مَلكٌa king لَهُhe has شَرَفٌnobility عَلىabove الthe
مَلكٌ لَهُ شَرَفٌ عَلى ال
علياheights فَحَدِّثso tell عَنهُof him قِدماas of old
عليا فَحَدِّث عَنهُ قِدما
A king whose nobility rises above
A king of noble lineage
the heights—so tell of him as of old.
So speak of him, step by step
إِقصِدseek حِماهُhis sanctuary تَغنَyou will grow wealthy إِنeven if
إِقصِد حِماهُ تَغنَ إِن
فارَقتَyou leave فيهِfor his sake أَباًa father وَأُمّاand a mother
فارَقتَ فيهِ أَباً وَأُمّا
Seek his sanctuary and grow wealthy, even if
Seek his protection, you will sing if
you leave father and mother for his sake.
You part from father and mother in him
فالدَهرُfor Time قَدindeed غَطّىveiled الحجاunderstanding
فالدَهرُ قَد غَطّى الحجا
وَجميلُهُand his kindness كَشَفَrevealed المُعَمّىwhat was obscure
وَجميلُهُ كَشَفَ المُعَمّى
Time had veiled understanding,
For time has obscured the luminous
but his kindness revealed what was obscure.
And revealed the beautiful to the blind
ياO أَيُّهاyou المولىlord الَّذيwho
يا أَيُّها المولى الَّذي
فاقَsurpassed المُلوكَthe kings نَدىًin generosity وَحِلماand forbearance
فاقَ المُلوكَ نَدىً وَحِلما
O lord who
Oh exalted master, who surpasses
surpassed kings in generosity and forbearance!
Kings in brilliance and forbearance
طوّقتَyou adorned with necklaces أَعناقَthe necks of الأَناmankind (first part)
طوّقتَ أَعناقَ الأَنا
مِmankind (completion) قَلائِدَnecklaces of الإِحسانِbeneficence نُعمىas a blessing
مِ قَلائِدَ الإِحسانِ نُعمى
You adorned the necks of mankind
You have adorned the necks of people
with necklaces of beneficence, as a blessing.
With necklaces of kindness and bounty
وَقَصَمتَand you broke أَعناقَthe necks of الجَباthe tyrants (first part)
وَقَصَمتَ أَعناقَ الجَبا
بِرَةِthe tyrants (completion) العِظامgreat الذَنَبِin guilt قَصماutterly breaking
بِرَةِ العِظام الذَنَبِ قَصما
You broke the necks of the tyrants,
And you have broken the necks
whose guilt was great, utterly breaking them.
Of the tyrants, the great sinners
وَحَسَمتَand you rooted out أَدواءَthe maladies of المساmistreatment (first part)
وَحَسَمتَ أَدواءَ المسا
ءَةِmistreatment (completion) عَنfrom عِبادِthe servants of اللَهGod حَسماdecisively
ءَةِ عَن عِبادِ اللَه حَسما
You rooted out the maladies of mistreatment
And you have eradicated the problems
from God's servants, cutting them away.
Of wickedness from the servants of God
وَقَدand indeed اِرتَفعتَyou rose فَشأنso the condition of شاa hater (first part)
وَقَد اِرتَفعتَ فَشأن شا
نِئكَyour hater (completion) اِنخِفاضٌabasement صارَhas become جَزماcertain
نِئكَ اِنخِفاضٌ صارَ جَزما
You have risen; your hater's lot
Your elevated status - your descent is
is abasement, now made certain.
Considered an increase in determination
أَنتَyou الَّذيthe one لَولاهُwithout whom لَمwould not
أَنتَ الَّذي لَولاهُ لَم
تَنفذenforce أَياديthe hands of العَدلِjustice حُكماa judgment
تَنفذ أَيادي العَدلِ حُكما
You are the one without whom
You are the one without whom
the hands of justice would not enforce a judgment.
The hands of justice could not be executed
أَنتَyou الَّذيthe one لَولاهُwithout whom لَمwould not
أَنتَ الَّذي لَولاهُ لَم
يَتَجَنَّبavoid الطاغونَthe transgressors إِثماsin
يَتَجَنَّب الطاغونَ إِثما
You are the one without whom
You are the one without whom
the transgressors would not avoid sin.
The transgressor could not avoid sin
أَنتَyou الَّذيthe one لَولاهُwithout whom ماwould not
أَنتَ الَّذي لَولاهُ ما
أَمِنَتbe safe from بِلادُthe lands of اللَهGod ثَلماa breach
أَمِنَت بِلادُ اللَه ثَلما
You are the one without whom
You are the one without whom
God's lands would not be safe from breaches.
The lands of God would not be secure
أَنتَyou الَّذيthe one لَولاهُwithout whom ماwould not
أَنتَ الَّذي لَولاهُ ما
مُلِئَتbe filled بُيوتُthe houses of اللَهِGod عِلماwith knowledge
مُلِئَت بُيوتُ اللَهِ عِلما
You are the one without whom
You are the one without whom
God's houses would not be filled with knowledge.
The houses of God would not be filled with knowledge
لِلَّهِfor God; how splendid! مَدرَسَةٌa school سَمَتrose high
لِلَّهِ مَدرَسَةٌ سَمَت
وَرقَمتَand you embroidered فيهاwithin it الحُسنَbeauty رَقماin patterns
وَرقَمتَ فيها الحُسنَ رَقما
How splendid a school that rose on high!
God has a school which you have established
You embroidered beauty within it.
And in it virtue is marked with a sign
تَستَوقِفُholds fast الأَبصارَthe eyes رؤsight (first part)
تَستَوقِفُ الأَبصارَ رؤ
يَتُهاits sight (completion) فَتَشكُرُso they give thanks مِنكَfrom you عَزماresolve
يَتُها فَتَشكُرُ مِنكَ عَزما
The sight of it holds all eyes fast,
Its sight stops the eyes, so they thank
and they give thanks for your resolve:
Your resolve, not saying time perfected it
عَزمَthe resolve of اِمرئٍa man ماnever عَدَّcounted فِعdoing (first part)
عَزمَ اِمرئٍ ما عَدَّ فِع
لَdoing (completion) الأَجرِmeritorious deeds وَالخَيراتِand good works غُرماa loss
لَ الأَجرِ وَالخَيراتِ غُرما
the resolve of a man who never counted
The resolve of a man who does not consider
meritorious deeds and good works a loss.
The reward and charity of deeds a burden
شَهِدَtestified الأَنامُall mankind بِأَنَّهُthat
شَهِدَ الأَنامُ بِأَنَّهُ
ماnone مِثلُهاequals it عُرباًamong Arabs وَعُجماand non-Arabs
ما مِثلُها عُرباً وَعُجما
All mankind has testified that
People have witnessed that the likes of it
none equals it among Arabs or non-Arabs.
Were never seen among Arabs or non-Arabs
وَيُصَدِّقُand confirms الخَبَرَthe report العياdirect sight (first part)
وَيُصَدِّقُ الخَبَرَ العيا
نُdirect sight (completion) دعواleave حَديثَtalk of الظَنّsupposition رَجماas guesswork
نُ دعوا حَديثَ الظَنّ رَجما
Seeing with one's own eyes confirms the report;
And the eye of certainty confirms the report -
leave talk of supposition as mere guesswork.
Leave the talk of assumption rejected!
فَهيَfor it is الفَريدَةُthe peerless pearl فيamong الجَواthe jewels (first part)
فَهيَ الفَريدَةُ في الجَوا
هِرِthe jewels (completion) لاnever تذوقُtastes الدَهرَthrough all time يُتماorphanhood
هِرِ لا تذوقُ الدَهرَ يُتما
It is the peerless pearl among jewels,
Thus it is uniquely virtuous, never
never tasting orphanhood through all time.
Tasting the passage of time or orphanhood
جَمعتَyou gathered فنونthe disciplines of العِلمِknowledge وَالتand the (fragment)
جَمعتَ فنون العِلمِ وَالت
تحقيقverification وَالتَدقيقand exact scrutiny فَهماwith understanding
تحقيق وَالتَدقيق فَهما
You gathered the disciplines of knowledge and
You have gathered the diverse arts of knowledge,
verification, and exact inquiry, with understanding.
Verification and investigation, understanding them
فيهاwithin it الشَريعَةُsacred law وَالحَقيand spiritual truth (first part)
فيها الشَريعَةُ وَالحَقي
قةُspiritual truth (completion) قَدindeed حَوَتencompassed عَمَلاًpractice وَعِلماand knowledge
قةُ قَد حَوَت عَمَلاً وَعِلما
Within it are sacred law and spiritual truth;
In it is Islamic law and truth
it encompasses both practice and knowledge.
Containing both practice and knowledge
ذاتُpossessing الجَمالِbeauty اليوسفيYusuf-like (first part)
ذاتُ الجَمالِ اليوسفي
يYusuf-like (completion) حَوَتheld جَمالاًbeauty مِنهُfrom him جَمّاabundant
ي حَوَت جَمالاً مِنهُ جَمّا
Endowed with Yusuf-like beauty,
The one with Yusuf-like beauty contains
it holds abundant beauty drawn from him.
Beauty - so do not say the full moon is complete!
اللَهُGod مَكَّنَestablished power فيin البِلاthe lands (first part)
اللَهُ مَكَّنَ في البِلا
دِthe lands (completion) لَهُfor him فَسَوّاهنُّso he set them right حُكماthrough rule
دِ لَهُ فَسَوّاهنُّ حُكما
God granted power throughout the lands
Or have you not seen the reddening
to him, and he set them right through his rule.
Of his cheek when sorrow overcomes him?
وَخَزائِنَand the treasures of الأَرضِthe earth اِحتواencompassed
وَخَزائِنَ الأَرضِ اِحتوا
هاthem فِكرُهُhis mind حِفظاًwith guardianship وَعِلماand knowledge
ها فِكرُهُ حِفظاً وَعِلما
The treasures of the earth were encompassed
The Nile hits his face with envy
by his mind, with guardianship and knowledge.
With the palm of its wave slapping
كسميّهlike his namesake الصدّيقthe Truthful يوYusuf (first part)
كسميّه الصدّيق يو
سفYusuf (completion) فاِستضاءَso he drew light بِمَنfrom the one whom تسمّىhe was named after
سف فاِستضاءَ بِمَن تسمّى
Like his namesake, Yusuf the Truthful,
And with his palm is the water of life - so if you lick it you will be revived from death
he drew light from the one whose name he bore.
And his face is the garden of beauty - so if you see it you will see only bliss
وَأَزالَand he removed عَنهاfrom them المارِقيthe renegades (first part)
وَأَزالَ عَنها المارِقي
نِthe renegades (completion) المُتقنينadept at أَذىًharm وَظُلماand injustice
نِ المُتقنين أَذىً وَظُلما
He removed from them the renegades,
Oh spear of his - wonders! It waters enemies with poison
adept at harm and injustice.
And his sword - wonders! It shatters eggshells, breaking them
كسميِّهlike his namesake الثانيthe second ابنthe son of أَيّوAyyub (first part)
كسميِّه الثاني ابن أَيّو
بAyyub (completion) اِحتَوىobtained بِالغَزوِthrough warfare غُنماspoils
ب اِحتَوى بِالغَزوِ غُنما
Like his second namesake, the son of Ayyub,
The crescent of his bow in his hand
he won spoils through warfare.
Surely has reached for the stars like an arrow
مِنfrom آلthe house of ذيthe possessor of النورَينِthe two lights لاshone (first part)
مِن آل ذي النورَينِ لا
حَshone (completion) ضِياؤُهُhis radiance فهدىso it guided وتمّاand grew complete
حَ ضِياؤُهُ فهدى وتمّا
From the house of Dhu al-Nurayn,
Meeting the devils of injustice
his light shone forth, gave guidance, and grew complete.
Striking them with the stars pelting
وسماand rose بِأَفعالthrough deeds of العلاexcellence
وسما بِأَفعال العلا
فَغَداso he became مِنthan الأَفلاكthe celestial spheres أَسمىloftier
فَغَدا مِن الأَفلاك أَسمى
He rose through deeds of excellence,
Oh his arrow! How many
becoming loftier than the celestial spheres.
Have you shot down by his good fortune and hit the target?
منwhoever قاسهcompared him بِالغيثto rain قَصfell short (first part)
من قاسه بِالغيث قَص
صَرَfell short (completion) فَهوَfor he is أَعظَمgreater مِنهthan it رحماin mercy
صَرَ فَهوَ أَعظَم مِنه رحما
Whoever compares him to rain falls
And his shepherd - how often
short: he is greater than it in mercy.
Has the generosity you curtailed from us seemed bounty?
ماnever مَلَّtired of رسماًan allotted gift لِلوفوfor delegations (first part)
ما مَلَّ رسماً لِلوفو
دdelegations (completion) وغيثهمand their rain كمhow many دَكَّflattened رسماa dwelling
د وغيثهم كم دَكَّ رسما
He never tired of allotting gifts to delegations;
And for the length of my praises
yet their rain has flattened so many dwellings.
Be just when you judge
مَنwho ذاis there يُساويequates جودَهُhis generosity
مَن ذا يُساوي جودَهُ
بِالبَحرِwith the sea إِنeven if أَمسىit becomes خضماa vast ocean
بِالبَحرِ إِن أَمسى خضما
Who could liken his generosity
And look to a learned king
to the sea, even if it becomes a vast ocean?
Great in worth, strong and mighty
لاnot يَستَويare alike البَحرانthe two seas ذاthis one
لا يَستَوي البَحران ذا
عَذبٌsweet وَذاكَand that one المِلحُsalty طعماin taste
عَذبٌ وَذاكَ المِلحُ طعما
The two seas are not alike: this one
Who combines the highest traits -
is sweet, while that one tastes of salt.
Courage, brilliance and forbearance
وَبوجههand in his face تَمَّbecame complete الجَماbeauty (first part)
وَبوجهه تَمَّ الجَما
لُbeauty (completion) فَلاso do not تَقولواsay البَدرُthe full moon تمّاbecame complete
لُ فَلا تَقولوا البَدرُ تمّا
In his face beauty became complete;
The senses bear witness that he surpasses
so do not say the full moon is complete.
Mortals in perception and understanding
أَوor لَمnot تَرواdid you see فيupon خَدِّهِits cheek
أَو لَم تَروا في خَدِّهِ
إِذwhen فاقهhe outshone it لِلحُزنfrom grief لدماa beating
إِذ فاقه لِلحُزن لدما
Have you not seen upon its cheek
Attributes of constant generosity that do not
the blows of grief when he outshone it?
Give life to the wretched with any prevention
وَالنيلand the Nile يَلطُمslaps وَجهَهُits face
وَالنيل يَلطُم وَجهَهُ
حَسَداًin envy بكفِّwith the palm of الموجِthe waves لَطماa beating
حَسَداً بكفِّ الموجِ لَطما
The Nile beats its own face
By God's praise he prefers nothing
in envy, with the palm of its waves.
Over frivolity and delusion
وَبِكفّهand in his palm ماءthe water of الحَياlife (first part)
وَبِكفّه ماء الحَيا
ةlife (completion) فَإِنso if لثمتyou kiss حَييتyou live ممّاfrom what is there
ة فَإِن لثمت حَييت ممّا
In his palm is the water of life;
An eye aspiring to the heights
if you kiss it, you will live by it.
An ear deaf to vileness
وَبوجههand on his face روضthe garden of الجَماbeauty (first part)
وَبوجهه روض الجَما
لbeauty (completion) فَإِنso if رأيتyou look رأيتyou see ثمّاthere
ل فَإِن رأيت رأيت ثمّا
On his face is the garden of beauty;
If I try to conceal his praise
if you look, there you will see it.
I cannot, like hiding the scent of musk
ياO رمحهhis spear عجباًmarvel لعسat a quivering spear (first part)
يا رمحه عجباً لعس
سالٍa quivering spear (completion) سَقىgave to drink الأَعداءthe enemies سمّاpoison
سالٍ سَقى الأَعداء سمّا
O his spear! Marvel at a quivering shaft
Or if I try to shun visiting him
that gave the enemies poison to drink.
His splendor returns to me as an opponent
وَحُسامهand his sword عجباًmarvel لأبat a gleaming blade (first part)
وَحُسامه عجباً لأب
يضَa gleaming blade (completion) هشّمsmashed البيضاتthe helmets هشماto pieces
يضَ هشّم البيضات هشما
And his sword! Marvel at a gleaming blade
Oh master! You have surpassed in the arts of generosity decisively
that smashed the helmets to pieces.
Shall we be wronged and complain of fate a crime?
وَهلالand O crescent قوسof a bow فيin يديtwo hands
وَهلال قوس في يدي
هِhis لَقَدindeed سموتyou rose above النجمthe star سَهماwith an arrow
هِ لَقَد سموت النجم سَهما
O crescent of a bow in his hands,
We send to the sea of your generosity
you have outsoared the star with an arrow.
From our thoughts prose and poetry
قابلconfront شَياطينthe devils of العدىthe foes
قابل شَياطين العدى
لتصيبهمso that you strike them بِالنجمwith the star رجماas a missile
لتصيبهم بِالنجم رجما
Confront the devils among the foes,
I have none but you, for I
to strike them with the star as a missile.
Have singled out love for you completely
ياO سهمهhis arrow كَمhow often ذاthis رَميshot (verb stem)
يا سهمه كَم ذا رَمي
تَyou (verb ending) بِسَعدِهِwith his good fortune فأَصبتَso you hit مَرمىa target
تَ بِسَعدِهِ فأَصبتَ مَرمى
O his arrow, how often have you shot
The world has become peaceful to me through you
with his good fortune and hit the mark!
So its war has become conciliation
وَيراعَهُand his pen كَمhow many مدَّةٍan ink-dip
وَيراعَهُ كَم مدَّةٍ
قَصَرتreserved exclusively عَلَيناfor us الفَضلَbounty نُعمىas a blessing
قَصَرت عَلَينا الفَضلَ نُعمى
And O his pen, how many an ink-dip
And I felt safe so that I don't
has reserved bounty for us as a blessing!
Fear injustice or abuse from others
وَعَذولَand O reprover of طولِthe length of مَدائحيmy praises
وَعَذولَ طولِ مَدائحي
إِعدِلbe just إِذاwhen وُلّيتَyou are entrusted with حكماjudgment
إِعدِل إِذا وُلّيتَ حكما
O reprover of the length of my praises,
Glory to Him who enumerated all
be just when entrusted with judgment.
Existing things, high and knowledgeable!
وَاِنظُرand look إِلىat ملكٍa king عَليlearned (first part)
وَاِنظُر إِلى ملكٍ عَلي
مٍlearned (completion) جلّgreat قدراًin rank عزّmighty عظماin grandeur
مٍ جلّ قدراً عزّ عظما
Look at a learned king,
You are the creator of essence
great in rank, mighty in grandeur.
And your origin was from water long ago
جَمَعَhe gathered الصفاتthe qualities العالياlofty (first part)
جَمَعَ الصفات العاليا
تlofty (completion) شَجاعَةcourage وَنَدىًand generosity وَحلماand forbearance
ت شَجاعَة وَنَدىً وَحلما
He gathered the lofty qualities:
And my praise has reached you hoping
courage, generosity, and forbearance.
Either acceptance or otherwise
فالحسّso the senses يَشهدbear witness أَنَّهُthat he
فالحسّ يَشهد أَنَّهُ
فاقَsurpassed الوَرىmankind حِسّاًin perception وَفِهماand understanding
فاقَ الوَرى حِسّاً وَفِهما
The senses bear witness that he
It has become long while being
surpasses mankind in perception and understanding.
Deficient in description, reverence and glory
سُنّيnoble جودٍin generosity لاnever يَرىsees الthe
سُنّي جودٍ لا يَرى ال
عافيsuppliant مُحيّاًa face مِنهfrom him جهماsullen
عافي مُحيّاً مِنه جهما
Noble in generosity: never does the
Oh honorable master! My meager wares
suppliant see a sullen face from him.
I have determined receive from you their measure
وَلَهُand he has بحمدwith praise to اللَهGod إِنeven if
وَلَهُ بحمد اللَه إِن
يؤثِرprefers سواهanother besides him اللَهوَamusement وهماand illusion
يؤثِر سواه اللَهوَ وهما
And he has, praise be to God, even if
Do not discard them out of hatred
others prefer amusement and illusion,
For their faults with assumption rejected!
عَينٌan eye إِلىtoward العلياthe heights سَمَتhas risen
عَينٌ إِلى العليا سَمَت
أُذنٌan ear عَنto الفَحشاءِindecency صَمّاdeaf
أُذنٌ عَن الفَحشاءِ صَمّا
an eye that aspires to the heights,
Marwan was permitted by
an ear deaf to indecency.
Al-Mahdi in Baghdad formerly
إِنif رحتُI set out to أَكتُمُconceal مدحهhis praise
إِن رحتُ أَكتُمُ مدحه
لَمnot أَستَطِعI could لِلمسكof musk كتماconcealment
لَم أَستَطِع لِلمسك كتما
If I set out to conceal his praise,
A thousand for every excellent line
I cannot conceal musk.
Which he dispensed to relieve care
أَوor رُحتُI set out to أَهجُرُabandon قصدهapproaching him
أَو رُحتُ أَهجُرُ قصده
عادَbecame الندىgenerosity ليagainst me مِنهُfrom him خصماan adversary
عادَ الندى لي مِنهُ خصما
Or if I set out to forsake approaching him,
While you are higher than him, and
his bounty becomes an adversary against me.
Verse is sweeter than his rhymed prose
ياO سَيِّداًmaster قَدindeed فاقsurpassed حاHatim (first part)
يا سَيِّداً قَد فاق حا
تِمَHatim (completion) فيin فُنونthe arts of الجودgenerosity حتماcertainly
تِمَ في فُنون الجود حتما
O master who has surely surpassed
I avoid complication, digression
Hatim in every art of generosity!
And ambiguous terms,
أَنَكونcan we be مِنamong بعضsome of العَبيthe servants (first part)
أَنَكون مِن بعض العَبي
دِthe servants (completion) وَنَشتَكيand complain لِلدهرof Time جرماwrongdoing
دِ وَنَشتَكي لِلدهر جرما
Can we be among the servants
So the listener says
and still complain of Time's wrongdoing?
The speaker has spoken truly and excellently
نُهديwe offer لبحرto the ocean of الجودgenerosity مِنfrom
نُهدي لبحر الجود مِن
أَفكارناour thoughts نثراًprose وَنظماand verse
أَفكارنا نثراً وَنظما
We offer the ocean of generosity
Grace them with bounty which eternally
prose and verse from our thoughts.
Increases in gratitude and growth
ماnone ليfor me سِواكbut you لأَنَّنيbecause I
ما لي سِواك لأَنَّني
أَفردتreserved exclusively حُبّاًlove فيكَfor you جمّاabundant
أَفردت حُبّاً فيكَ جمّا
I have none but you, because I
And grace a month in which
have reserved abundant love for you alone.
Desires have constantly flowed from you
جنحَتinclined بِكَthrough you الدُنياthe world إِليtoward (first part)
جنحَت بِكَ الدُنيا إِلي
يَme (completion) فَحربهاso its warfare قَدindeed عادَbecame سِلماpeace
يَ فَحربها قَد عادَ سِلما
Through you the world inclined toward
For it is most fitting, because your
me, and its warfare became peace.
Generosity has made the named name heard
وَأَمِنتُand I became secure حَتّىuntil ماnot أَخاI fear (first part)
وَأَمِنتُ حَتّى ما أَخا
فَI fear (completion) مِنَfrom الوَرىmankind ظلماًinjustice وَهضماand oppression
فَ مِنَ الوَرى ظلماً وَهضما
I became so secure that I no longer fear
I have heard praise of you, so he is no longer called deaf
injustice or oppression from mankind.
And I have concluded composing my verses
سُبحانglory to مَنHim who أَحصىnumbered جَميall (first part)
سُبحان مَن أَحصى جَمي
عَall (completion) الكائِناتcreated beings علاًin exalted might وَعِلماand knowledge
عَ الكائِنات علاً وَعِلما
Glory to Him who numbered all
And may God protect them from destruction
created beings in exalted might and knowledge.
The horizon relates a garment
أَنتَyou المكوّنthe one fashioned جوهراًas a jewel
أَنتَ المكوّن جوهراً
وَقَديمand the original أَصلكyour origin كانَwas مِنfrom ماwater
وَقَديم أَصلك كانَ مِن ما
You are fashioned as a jewel,
In which I saw the flowers numbered
and your first origin was from water.
And morning has come with its troops
وَافاكreached you مَدحيmy praise يَرتَجيhoping
وَافاك مَدحي يَرتَجي
إِمّاeither القبولacceptance لَهُfor it وَإِمّاor else
إِمّا القبول لَهُ وَإِمّا
My praise has come to you, hoping
So the night has been routed
either to be accepted—or else...
And the hand of morning stretched out
قَدindeed طالhas grown long وَهوَyet it مُقَصِّرfalls short
قَد طال وَهوَ مُقَصِّر
فيin الوَصفdescription إِجلالاًin reverence وَعظماand greatness
في الوَصف إِجلالاً وَعظما
It has grown long, yet remains inadequate
To untie my dark night's saddlebags
in describing your dignity and greatness.
Unbuttoning the straps of darkness
ياO أَيّهاyou المولىlord العَزيthe mighty (first part)
يا أَيّها المولى العَزي
زُthe mighty (completion) بِضاعَتيmy merchandise المزجاةُscant قسماI swear
زُ بِضاعَتي المزجاةُ قسما
O mighty lord,
Star by star
this is my scant merchandise, I swear.
So enjoy the morning, and listen
أرسُمcommand بأنthat يوفىbe paid in full لَهاto it
أرسُم بأن يوفى لَها
كَيلُthe measure of الجَوائِزthe rewards منكfrom you رسماby decree
كَيلُ الجَوائِز منك رسما
Command that there be paid it in full
To its call - may your life not lack bounty!
the measure of your rewards, by decree.
It has sealed praise with meaning
لاdo not تَرمِهاpelt it متغرِضّاًintent on attacking
لا تَرمِها متغرِضّاً
لعيوبهاfor its faults بالظنِّwith suspicion رَجماby stoning
لعيوبها بالظنِّ رَجما
Do not attack it, hunting
So the musk's seal bursts open
for its faults with stones of suspicion.
So enjoy the morning, and listen
مَروانُMarwan كانَused to يجيزُهُreward him الthe
مَروانُ كانَ يجيزُهُ ال
مهديُّMahdi فيin بَغدادَBaghdad قِدماlong ago
مهديُّ في بَغدادَ قِدما
Marwan used to be rewarded by
To its call - may your life not lack bounty
al-Mahdi in Baghdad long ago:
عَنfor كلّevery بَيتverse جَيّدٍfine
عَن كلّ بَيت جَيّدٍ
أَلفاًa thousand فيصرفthus driving away عَنهfrom him همّاcare
أَلفاً فيصرف عَنه همّا
for every fine verse,
a thousand, thus driving care away from him.
ولأنتand indeed you أَعلىmore exalted مِنهthan he وَالand the
ولأنت أَعلى مِنه وَال
مملوكservant أَحلىsweeter مِنهthan he نظماin verse
مملوك أَحلى مِنه نظما
You are indeed more exalted than he, and
your servant's verse is sweeter than his.
أَتجَنَّبُI avoid التَعقيدَcomplexity والand the
أَتجَنَّبُ التَعقيدَ وال
إِيغالexcessive elaboration وَاللّفظand diction المعمّىobscure
إِيغال وَاللّفظ المعمّى
I avoid complexity and
excessive elaboration and obscure diction.
فَيَقولso says منwhoever أَصغىlistened لَهto it
فَيَقول من أَصغى لَه
صدَقَspoke truthfully المُحدِّثُthe speaker واِستتمّاand completed his account
صدَقَ المُحدِّثُ واِستتمّا
So whoever listens to it says,
'The speaker spoke truly and told it fully.'
فتهنَّهاso enjoy them نعماًblessings تَزيincrease (first part)
فتهنَّها نعماً تَزي
دُincrease (completion) بِشكرهاthrough gratitude for them أَبَداًforever وَتنمىand grow
دُ بِشكرها أَبَداً وَتنمى
Enjoy them, then: blessings that increase
forever through gratitude for them, and grow.
وتهنَّand enjoy شهراًa month لَمnot تزلhave ceased
وتهنَّ شهراً لَم تزل
فيهِin it الرَغائِبlonged-for gifts منكfrom you قدماsince days of old
فيهِ الرَغائِب منك قدما
And enjoy a month in which
your longed-for gifts have flowed since days of old.
فَهوَfor it is الأَصَبُّthe Pouring One لأَنَّbecause جوgenerosity (first part)
فَهوَ الأَصَبُّ لأَنَّ جو
دكyour generosity (completion) صَيّرmade الإِسمthe name المسمّىthe thing named
دك صَيّر الإِسم المسمّى
For it is 'the Pouring One,' because your
generosity has made its name the thing it names.
أَسمعتُهُI made it hear فيكof you الثَناpraise (first part)
أَسمعتُهُ فيك الثَنا
ءَpraise (completion) فَلاso not يَعُدany longer يدعىbe called الأَصمّاthe Deaf One
ءَ فَلا يَعُد يدعى الأَصمّا
I made it hear praise of you,
so let it no longer be called 'the Deaf One.'
وَقَدand indeed اِنتهيتI have finished لنظمcomposing أَبverses (first part)
وَقَد اِنتهيت لنظم أَب
ياتيmy verses (completion) وَقاهاmay He protect them اللَهGod هدماfrom demolition
ياتي وَقاها اللَه هدما
I have finished composing my verses—
may God protect them from demolition.
وَالأُفقُand the horizon يَحكيresembles شملةa cloak
وَالأُفقُ يَحكي شملة
أَبصرتُI saw فيهاin it الزُهرَbright stars رَقماembroidered patterns
أَبصرتُ فيها الزُهرَ رَقما
The horizon resembles a cloak
in which I saw bright stars embroidered.
وَالصبحand morning أَقبلَadvanced فيwith عَساarmies (first part)
وَالصبح أَقبلَ في عَسا
كرِهits armies (completion) فَوالىso it kept up اللَيلthe night هزماrouting
كرِه فَوالى اللَيل هزما
Morning advances with its armies,
and repeatedly routs the night.
وَيَدُand the hand of الصباthe east wind مُدّتwas extended لِحِلfor the robe (first part)
وَيَدُ الصبا مُدّت لِحِل
لةِthe robe (completion) لَيلَتيof my night السَوداءِblack لَمّاwhen
لةِ لَيلَتي السَوداءِ لَمّا
The east wind's hand reached for the robe
of my black night, when
فَكَّتunfastened عُرىthe loops of الظلماءِdarkness مِنfrom
فَكَّت عُرى الظلماءِ مِن
أَزرارهاits buttons نجماًone star فَنجماthen another star
أَزرارها نجماً فَنجما
it unfastened the loops of darkness from
its buttons, star after star.
فَاِنعَمso may you be happy صَباحاًin the morning وَاِستَمِعand listen to
فَاِنعَم صَباحاً وَاِستَمِع
هاit لاmay not عَدَتكَpass you by الدَهرَthrough all time نُعمىa blessing
ها لا عَدَتكَ الدَهرَ نُعمى
May your morning be happy; listen to
it—may no blessing ever pass you by.
ختمsealed الثَناءpraise بِهاwith it المَعاthe meanings (first part)
ختم الثَناء بِها المَعا
نيَthe meanings (completion) فاِنتشقso inhale the fragrance لِلمِسكِof musk ختماas a closing seal
نيَ فاِنتشق لِلمِسكِ ختما
Praise sealed its meanings with it;
so inhale musk as its closing seal.
Partial English translation: 189 of 220 Arabic lines translated.