صَليلُringing المَواضيthe keen swords وَاِهتِزازُand the quivering القَناthe spears السُمرِbrown
صَليلُ المَواضي وَاِهتِزازُ القَنا السُمرِ
بِغَيرِهِماwithout the two of them لاnot يُجتَنىis harvested ثَمرُfruit النَصرِof victory
بِغَيرِهِما لا يُجتَنى ثَمرُ النَصرِ
The ring of keen swords and the quivering of brown spears—
Without these two, victory's fruit cannot be harvested.
وَصَبرُand the endurance الفَتىof the young man فيin المَأزِقِthe strait الضَنكِdire فادِحٌburdensome
وَصَبرُ الفَتى في المَأزِقِ الضَنكِ فادِحٌ
وَلكِنَّهُbut it أَهدىthe surest طَريقٍpath إِلىto الفَخرِhonor
وَلكِنَّهُ أَهدى طَريقٍ إِلى الفَخرِ
And a young man's endurance in a desperate strait is burdensome,
But it is the surest path to honor.
وَتَحتَand beneath ظَلامِthe darkness النَقعِof battle-dust تُشرِقُshine أَوجُهُfaces الthe
وَتَحتَ ظَلامِ النَقعِ تُشرِقُ أَوجُهُ ال
ثَناءِpraise وَجَمعُand the gathering المَجدِof glory فيin فِرقَةِthe dispersal الوَفرِof wealth
ثَناءِ وَجَمعُ المَجدِ في فِرقَةِ الوَفرِ
And beneath the darkness of battle-dust shine the faces of
Praise; and glory is gathered by scattering wealth.
وَماand nothing اِستَعبَدَhas enslaved الأَحرارَfree men كَالعَفوِlike pardon إِنif جَنىdoes wrong
وَما اِستَعبَدَ الأَحرارَ كَالعَفوِ إِن جَنى
جَهولٌa fool وَفَضلُand the virtue الصَدرِof the breast فيin سَعَةِthe breadth الصَدرِof the breast
جَهولٌ وَفَضلُ الصَدرِ في سَعَةِ الصَدرِ
And nothing enslaves free men like pardon, if a wrong is done
By a fool; the breast's virtue lies in the breadth of the breast.
وَمَنand whoever لَمnot تُنَوّهspeaks highly بِاِسمِهِof his name الحَربُwar لَمnot يَزَلcease
وَمَن لَم تُنَوّه بِاِسمِهِ الحَربُ لَم يَزَل
وَإِنand even if كَرُمَتwere noble آباؤُهُhis forefathers خامِلَobscure الذِكرِin renown
وَإِن كَرُمَت آباؤُهُ خامِلَ الذِكرِ
And he whose name war has not acclaimed remains—
Even if his forefathers were noble—obscure in name.
إِذاwhen غَشِيَenters الحَربَwar العَوانَoft-fought تَمَخَّضَتshe goes into labor
إِذا غَشِيَ الحَربَ العَوانَ تَمَخَّضَت
وَقَدand already لَقَحَتshe has conceived عَنto bring forth فتكَةٍa slaughter فيamong العدىthe foes بِكرِmaiden
وَقَد لَقَحَت عَن فتكَةٍ في العدى بِكرِ
When he enters seasoned war, she labors—
Already pregnant—to bring forth a maiden slaughter among the foes.
خِلالُtraits عُلىًof high virtue لَولاwere it not for المُعَظَّمُal-Mu'azzam أعجزَتwould have baffled
خِلالُ عُلىً لَولا المُعَظَّمُ أعجزَت
طَرائِقُهاtheir paths الأَملاكَthe kings بَعدَafter أَبيAbu بَكرِBakr
طَرائِقُها الأَملاكَ بَعدَ أَبي بَكرِ
Lofty virtues: but for al-Mu'azzam, beyond the reach
Of kings after Abu Bakr would have been the paths to them.
هِلالٌa crescent وَبَدرٌand a full moon أَشرَقاboth have shone فاِبتِهالُناso our supplication
هِلالٌ وَبَدرٌ أَشرَقا فاِبتِهالُنا
إِلىto اللَهِGod إِبقاءُpreservation الهِلالِof the crescent مَعَwith البَدرِthe full moon
إِلى اللَهِ إِبقاءُ الهِلالِ مَعَ البَدرِ
A crescent and a full moon have both shone; so our supplication
To God is for the crescent to endure beside the full moon.
مَليكٌa king إِذاwhen ماever (emphasis) جالَwheels about فيon مَتنِthe back ضامِرٍof a lean steed
مَليكٌ إِذا ما جالَ في مَتنِ ضامِرٍ
لِيَومِfor a day وَغىًof battle أَبصَرَتyou behold بَحراًa sea عَلىupon بَحرِa sea
لِيَومِ وَغىً أَبصَرَت بَحراً عَلى بَحرِ
A king: when he wheels upon a lean steed's back
For a day of battle, you behold a sea upon a sea.
عَليمٌskilled بِتَصريفِin wielding القَناspears فَرِماحُهُso his lances
عَليمٌ بِتَصريفِ القَنا فَرِماحُهُ
مَواقِعُهاtheir striking points بَينَbetween التَرائِبِthe upper ribs وَالنَحرِand the throat
مَواقِعُها بَينَ التَرائِبِ وَالنَحرِ
Skilled in wielding spears; his lances—
Their blows fall between the upper ribs and the throat.
إِذاwhen عَلَّgives another draught فيin صَدرِthe chest المُدَجَّجِof the armored man عامِلاًa lance's forward shaft
إِذا عَلَّ في صَدرِ المُدَجَّجِ عامِلاً
بَداappears عَلُّهُits second draught فَوقَabove السِنانِthe spearhead عَلىon الظَهرِthe back
بَدا عَلُّهُ فَوقَ السِنانِ عَلى الظَهرِ
When he gives a lance-shaft another draught in an armored man's chest,
Its second draught shows above the spearhead upon the back.
وَماnor مُشبِلٌa lion with cubs منamong أُسدthe lions خَفّانَof Khaffan باسِلٌfierce
وَما مُشبِلٌ من أُسد خَفّانَ باسِلٌ
يَذودُwards off الرَدىdeath عَنfrom أُمِّa mother شِبلَينِof two cubs فيin خِدرِa lair
يَذودُ الرَدى عَن أُمِّ شِبلَينِ في خِدرِ
Nor is a fierce lion with cubs, one of Khaffan's lions,
Who wards off death from a mother of two cubs in her lair—
هزَبرٌa mighty lion إِذاwhen اِجتازِpass الأُسودُthe lions بغيلِهِthrough his thicket
هزَبرٌ إِذا اِجتازِ الأُسودُ بغيلِهِ
فَأَشجَعُهاthen the bravest of them خافيconcealing الخُطىthe footsteps خافِتُhushed in الزارِroar
فَأَشجَعُها خافي الخُطى خافِتُ الزارِ
A mighty lion: when lions pass through his thicket,
Their bravest hides its footsteps and hushes its roar;
حَوالَيهِaround him أَشلاءُtorn limbs الوُحوشِof wild beasts نَضيدَةٌpiled in layers
حَوالَيهِ أَشلاءُ الوُحوشِ نَضيدَةٌ
غَريضٌfresh meat عَلىupon مُستكرهٍloathsome carrion صائِكِreeking with الدَفرِstench
غَريضٌ عَلى مُستكرهٍ صائِكِ الدَفرِ
Around him the wild beasts' torn limbs lie piled,
Fresh flesh atop loathsome carrion, reeking with stench,
بِوادٍin a valley تَحاماهُshun it الأُسودُthe lions مَهابَةًout of dread
بِوادٍ تَحاماهُ الأُسودُ مَهابَةً
وَنَكَّبَand turn aside عَنfrom مَسراهُhis nightly path وَالجَةُthose embarking on السَفرِtravel
وَنَكَّبَ عَن مَسراهُ وَالجَةُ السَفرِ
In a valley lions shun in dread,
And travelers turn aside from his nightly path—
بِأَعظَمَany greater مِنهُthan he فيin القُلوبِthe hearts مَهابَةًin awe
بِأَعظَمَ مِنهُ في القُلوبِ مَهابَةً
وَإِنand though غَضَّtempers مِنهاsome of it بِالطَلاقَةِwith affability وَالبِشرِand cheerfulness
وَإِن غَضَّ مِنها بِالطَلاقَةِ وَالبِشرِ
Greater than he in the awe he inspires in hearts,
Though he tempers it with affability and good cheer.
بِكُلِّwith every فَتىًyoung man مِنof آلِthe house أَيّوبَof Ayyub لَمnot يَزَلceased
بِكُلِّ فَتىً مِن آلِ أَيّوبَ لَم يَزَل
دِفاعاًa defender لِخَطبٍagainst calamity أَوor سِداداًa bulwark عَلىupon ثَغرِa frontier
دِفاعاً لِخَطبٍ أَو سِداداً عَلى ثَغرِ
With every young man of the house of Ayyub, who has always been
A defender against calamity or a bulwark upon a frontier.
إِذاwhen اِستَلأَمواthey don armor يَومَon the day النِزالِof combat حَسِبتَهُمyou take them for
إِذا اِستَلأَموا يَومَ النِزالِ حَسِبتَهُم
أُسودَlions العَرينِof the den الغُلبِthick-necked فيin غابَةِa forest السُمرِof brown spears
أُسودَ العَرينِ الغُلبِ في غابَةِ السُمرِ
When they don armor on the day of combat, you take them for
Thick-necked lions of the den in a forest of brown spears.
فَلاso no وَزَرٌrefuge مَنfrom بَأسِهِhis might لِعُداتِهِfor his enemies
فَلا وَزَرٌ مَن بَأسِهِ لِعُداتِهِ
وَلَوand even if وَقَلَتthey climb كَالعُصمِlike white-footed ibex فيon شامِخٍa lofty height وَعرِrugged
وَلَو وَقَلَت كَالعُصمِ في شامِخٍ وَعرِ
So his enemies find no refuge from his might,
Even if they climb like white-footed ibex to a lofty, rugged height.
وَلَوand even if حاوَلَtried المِريخُMars فيon الأُفقِthe horizon مَنعَهاto protect them
وَلَو حاوَلَ المِريخُ في الأُفقِ مَنعَها
لَخَيَّمَhe would surely pitch camp ماthe space بَينَbetween النَعائِمِal-Na'a'im وَالغَفرِand al-Ghafr
لَخَيَّمَ ما بَينَ النَعائِمِ وَالغَفرِ
And even if Mars on the horizon tried to shield them,
He would pitch camp between al-Na'a'im and al-Ghafr.
فَياso O أَيُّهاyou (vocative) المَلكُking المُعَظَّمُal-Mu'azzam دَعوَةًa plea
فَيا أَيُّها المَلكُ المُعَظَّمُ دَعوَةً
إِلَيكَto you لمَطوِيّfor one with folded الضُلوعِribs عَلىover جَمرِembers
إِلَيكَ لمَطوِيّ الضُلوعِ عَلى جَمرِ
So, O King al-Mu'azzam, a plea
To you, for one whose ribs are folded over embers.
غَريبٌa stranger إِذاwhen ماever (emphasis) حَلَّsettles in مِصراًa city أَبىdenies لَهُto him
غَريبٌ إِذا ما حَلَّ مِصراً أَبى لَهُ
وَشيكُswift النَوىseparation إِلاexcept اِرتِحالاًdeparture إِلىto مِصرِa city
وَشيكُ النَوى إِلا اِرتِحالاً إِلى مِصرِ
A stranger: whenever he settles in a city, he is denied
By swift separation anything but departure for another city.
لَهُhe has غُنيَةٌself-sufficiency عَنfrom غَيرِكُمanyone other than you مِنthrough قَناعَةٍcontentment
لَهُ غُنيَةٌ عَن غَيرِكُم مِن قَناعَةٍ
وَأَمّاbut as for إِلىtoward مَعروفِكُمyour bounty فَأَخوthen a brother to فَقرِpoverty
وَأَمّا إِلى مَعروفِكُم فَأَخو فَقرِ
His contentment frees him from need of anyone but you;
But as for your bounty, he is a brother to poverty.
فَحَتّامَso how long لاnot أَنفَكُّI cease فيon ظَهرِthe back سَبسَبٍof a desert plain
فَحَتّامَ لا أَنفَكُّ في ظَهرِ سَبسَبٍ
أُهَجّرُI travel in noon's heat أَوor فيin بَطنِthe belly دَوّيَةٍof a wilderness قَفرِbarren
أُهَجّرُ أَو في بَطنِ دَوّيَةٍ قَفرِ
How long, then, must I remain on a desert plain's back,
Traveling in noon's heat, or in a barren wilderness's belly?
أُشَقِّقُI split open قَلبَthe heart الشَرقِof the East حَتّىso that كَأَنَّنيas though I
أُشَقِّقُ قَلبَ الشَرقِ حَتّى كَأَنَّني
أُفَتِّشُI search فيin سَودائِهِits black core عَنfor سَناthe radiance الفَجرِof dawn
أُفَتِّشُ في سَودائِهِ عَن سَنا الفَجرِ
I split open the heart of the East, so that it seems I
Am searching its black core for the radiance of dawn.
وَيَقبَحُand it is unbecoming بيfor me أَنthat أَرتَجيI hope for مِنfrom سِواكُمُanyone but you
وَيَقبَحُ بي أَن أَرتَجي مِن سِواكُمُ
نَوالاًbounty وَأَنand that يُعزىbe attributed إِلىto غَيرِكُمanyone other than you شُكريmy gratitude
نَوالاً وَأَن يُعزى إِلى غَيرِكُم شُكري
And it ill befits me to seek from anyone but you
Bounty, and to have my thanks ascribed to anyone but you.