ماwhat لِلغَوانيwith the beauties مَنْwhoever رَأَينَthey saw بِرَأسِهِon his head
ما لِلغَواني مَنْ رَأَينَ بِرَأسِهِ
يَقَقاًgleaming whiteness مَلَلنَthey grew weary of وِصالَهُintimacy with him وَشَنَينَهُand they loathed him
يَقَقاً مَلَلنَ وِصالَهُ وَشَنَينَهُ
What ails the beauties? Any man on whose head they see
gleaming whiteness, they weary of his love and loathe him.
وَإِذاand when عِذارُcheek-whiskers of المَرءُthe man قَلَّwas scant قَتيرُهُits gray hairs
وَإِذا عِذارُ المَرءُ قَلَّ قَتيرُهُ
لاحَظنَهُthey gazed at him بِبَشاشَةٍwith smiling warmth وَهَوينَهُand they loved him
لاحَظنَهُ بِبَشاشَةٍ وَهَوينَهُ
But when the gray in a man's cheek-whiskers is scant,
they gaze at him with smiles and love him.
صَدَفَتturned away خُناسُكَyour Khunas عَنكَfrom you بَعدَafter مَوَدَّةٍaffection
صَدَفَت خُناسُكَ عَنكَ بَعدَ مَوَدَّةٍ
وَرَأَتand she saw شَبابَكَyour youth بالِياًworn out وَغُضونَهُand its wrinkles
وَرَأَت شَبابَكَ بالِياً وَغُضونَهُ
Your Khunas turned away from you after affection,
seeing your youth worn out, and its wrinkles.
إِنَّindeed الخَليفَةَthe caliph خَيرُthe best مَنof those who وَطِىءَtrod الحَصاthe pebbles
إِنَّ الخَليفَةَ خَيرُ مَن وَطِىءَ الحَصا
لِلَّهِfor God's sake يَمحَصُhe purifies دينَهُhis faith وَيَقينَهُand his certainty
لِلَّهِ يَمحَصُ دينَهُ وَيَقينَهُ
The caliph is the best of all who tread the pebbled earth;
for God's sake he purifies his faith and certainty.
سارَتproceeded حُكومَتُهُhis rule بِأَعدَلَwith the most just سيرَةٍcourse
سارَت حُكومَتُهُ بِأَعدَلَ سيرَةٍ
قُصوىthe farthest reaches of البِلادthe lands وَفيand among الذينَthose who يَلونَهُare near him
قُصوى البِلاد وَفي الذينَ يَلونَهُ
His rule has followed the most just course
in the farthest lands and among those near him.
فَالحَقُّso truth أَوضَحclearer مُبصِرenlightening آياتُهُits signs
فَالحَقُّ أَوضَح مُبصِر آياتُهُ
وَالجورُand injustice يَطمِسُhe effaces شَخصَهُits form وَعُيونَهُand its eyes
وَالجورُ يَطمِسُ شَخصَهُ وَعُيونَهُ
Truth is clear, its signs enlightening;
and he effaces injustice's form and eyes.
وَرَأىand saw البَرِيَّةُhumankind عَفوَهُhis pardon وَعَفافَهُand his integrity
وَرَأى البَرِيَّةُ عَفوَهُ وَعَفافَهُ
فَالنَّاسُso the people حَذوfollowing طَريقهhis path يَحذونَهُthey follow him
فَالنَّاسُ حَذو طَريقه يَحذونَهُ
Humankind saw his pardon and his integrity,
so people follow him, treading in his path.
طَلَبواthey sought رِضاهُhis approval بِنِيَّةٍwith sincere intent وَتَيَقَّنواand they became certain
طَلَبوا رِضاهُ بِنِيَّةٍ وَتَيَقَّنوا
أَنthat لَيسَnot يَرضىis pleased اللَّهُGod أَوuntil يُرضونَهُthey please him
أَن لَيسَ يَرضى اللَّهُ أَو يُرضونَهُ
They sought his approval with sincere intent and became certain
that God would not be pleased until they pleased him.
يَخشَونَthey fear صَولَتَهُhis might فَهُمso they فيare in طاعَةٍobedience
يَخشَونَ صَولَتَهُ فَهُم في طاعَةٍ
وَكَمِثلِand just as ماmuch as يَخشَونَهُthey fear him يَرجونَهُthey hope in him
وَكَمِثلِ ما يَخشَونَهُ يَرجونَهُ
They fear his might, and so remain obedient,
and as much as they fear him, they place their hopes in him.
إِنَّindeed الخَليفَةَthe caliph رَحمَةٌa mercy مِنfrom رَبِّناour Lord
إِنَّ الخَليفَةَ رَحمَةٌ مِن رَبِّنا
وَبِهِand through him أَنارَHe illumined لَناfor us وَأَوضَحَand clarified دينَهُHis religion
وَبِهِ أَنارَ لَنا وَأَوضَحَ دينَهُ
The caliph is a mercy from our Lord;
through him He has illumined and clarified His religion for us.
وَعَلىand incumbent upon أَبيAbu إِسحاقَIshaq طاعَةُobedience to رَبِّهِhis Lord
وَعَلى أَبي إِسحاقَ طاعَةُ رَبِّهِ
حَقّاًtruly لِيَنصُرَهُso He may grant him victory بِهاthrough it وَيُعينَهُand help him
حَقّاً لِيَنصُرَهُ بِها وَيُعينَهُ
Obedience to his Lord is incumbent upon Abu Ishaq,
truly, so that He may grant him victory through it and help him.
ملكٌa king بأَرضِin the land of الرومِthe Romans أَنزَلَbrought down نِقمَةًvengeance
ملكٌ بأَرضِ الرومِ أَنزَلَ نِقمَةً
وَأَبادَand destroyed مالاًwealth أَهلُهاits people يُحصُونَهُthey count it
وَأَبادَ مالاً أَهلُها يُحصُونَهُ
A king who brought vengeance upon the land of the Romans,
and destroyed wealth its people used to count.
وَأَبادَand destroyed مالِكهاits ruler وَفَلَّand routed جُنودَهُhis troops
وَأَبادَ مالِكها وَفَلَّ جُنودَهُ
طَعناًwith spear-thrusts وَزَلزَلَand shook مُلكَهُhis kingdom وَحُصُونَهُand his fortresses
طَعناً وَزَلزَلَ مُلكَهُ وَحُصُونَهُ
He destroyed its ruler and broke his troops
with spear-thrusts, shaking his kingdom and fortresses.
وَالزَّطُّand the Zutt أَيُّwhich خَليفَةcaliph دانواthey submitted لَهُto him
وَالزَّطُّ أَيُّ خَليفَة دانوا لَهُ
أَوor كانَwas قَبلَكَbefore you طاعَةًobedience يُعطونَهُthey offered him
أَو كانَ قَبلَكَ طاعَةً يُعطونَهُ
And the Zutt—to which caliph did they submit,
or, before you, to whom did they offer obedience?
حَتّىuntil مَلَكتَyou ruled وَظَلَّand continued سَيفُكَyour sword مِنهُمُfrom them
حَتّى مَلَكتَ وَظَلَّ سَيفُكَ مِنهُمُ
تَكسوclothes الدِّماءُthe blood شِفارَهُits edges وَمُتونَهُand its flats
تَكسو الدِّماءُ شِفارَهُ وَمُتونَهُ
Until you ruled, and your sword remained among them,
blood clothing its edges and flats.
فَأَتواso they came لِحُكمِكَto your judgment وَالَّذيand the one who كانواthey were بِهِthrough him
فَأَتوا لِحُكمِكَ وَالَّذي كانوا بِهِ
يَعصونَthey rebelled جَدَّعَتِlopped off الظُّبىthe blades عِرنينَهُhis nose
يَعصونَ جَدَّعَتِ الظُّبى عِرنينَهُ
They came under your judgment; the one through whom they had
rebelled had his nose lopped off by the blades.
فَعَفَوتَthen you pardoned إِنَّكَindeed you لَمnot تَزَلyou cease ذاpossessing رَأفَةٍmercy
فَعَفَوتَ إِنَّكَ لَم تَزَل ذا رَأفَةٍ
حَسَنَexcellent in الفَعالِdeeds مُباركاًblessed مَيمونَهُauspicious in his deeds
حَسَنَ الفَعالِ مُباركاً مَيمونَهُ
Then you pardoned them; you have always been merciful,
fair in your deeds, blessed and auspicious in them.
وَسَقَيتَand you made drink بابَكَBabak كَأسَa cup of حَتفdeath مُرَّةًbitter
وَسَقَيتَ بابَكَ كَأسَ حَتف مُرَّةً
بِفَوارِسthrough horsemen سَحَبواthey trailed القناthe lances يَتلونَهُthey followed him
بِفَوارِس سَحَبوا القنا يَتلونَهُ
You made Babak drink a bitter cup of death
through horsemen who trailed their lances, pursuing him.
فَتَجالَدَso fought one another الزَّحفانِthe two armies يَوماًa day كامِلاًcomplete
فَتَجالَدَ الزَّحفانِ يَوماً كامِلاً
وَالقَوسُand the bow يُخضَبُis stained بِالَّذيwith what يَبرونَهُthey cut away
وَالقَوسُ يُخضَبُ بِالَّذي يَبرونَهُ
The two armies fought one another for a whole day,
while the bow was stained with what they cut away.
حَتّىuntil رَأَيتَyou saw الخُرَّمِيَّةَthe Khurramiyya رَيضَةًsubdued
حَتّى رَأَيتَ الخُرَّمِيَّةَ رَيضَةً
وَالبَذَّand al-Badhdh أَنكَرَتِfound unfamiliar الفِجاجُthe mountain passes رَنينَهُits lamenting sound
وَالبَذَّ أَنكَرَتِ الفِجاجُ رَنينَهُ
Until you saw the Khurramiyya subdued,
and al-Badhdh, whose lament the mountain passes found strange,
يَبكيit weeps for الَّذينَthose who تُخرِّمواwere taken by death مِنamong أَهلِهِits people
يَبكي الَّذينَ تُخرِّموا مِن أَهلِهِ
وَنِساءُand the women of بابِكَBabak حُسَّراًbareheaded يَبكينَهُthey weep for him
وَنِساءُ بابِكَ حُسَّراً يَبكينَهُ
weeping for those of its people whom death had taken,
while Babak's women, bareheaded, wept for him.
وَإِلىand toward عموريةٍAmorium سَمَاhe advanced فيwith جَحفَلٍa vast army
وَإِلى عموريةٍ سَمَا في جَحفَلٍ
مَلَأَfilled الفجاجthe mountain passes سُهولَهُits level ground وَحُزونَهُand its rugged ground
مَلَأَ الفجاج سُهولَهُ وَحُزونَهُ
And toward Amorium he advanced with a vast army
that filled the passes, their level and rugged ground.
فَأَبادَso he destroyed ساكِنَهاits inhabitants وَحَجَّلَand fettered باطِساًBatis
فَأَبادَ ساكِنَها وَحَجَّلَ باطِساً
حلقاًrings أَذَلَّhumbled اللَّهُGod مَنthe one whom يحوينَهُthey enclose
حلقاً أَذَلَّ اللَّهُ مَن يحوينَهُ
He destroyed its inhabitants and put Batis in fetters,
rings—God humbled the man they enclosed.
قَتلىslain men يُنَضِّدهُمhe heaps them بِكُلِّalong every طَريقَةٍroad
قَتلى يُنَضِّدهُم بِكُلِّ طَريقَةٍ
نَضَداًin piles تَخالُyou would suppose مَراقِباًwatchtowers موضونَهُits tightly built towers
نَضَداً تَخالُ مَراقِباً موضونَهُ
Slain men he heaped along every road,
in piles you would take for tightly built watchtowers.
فَهُمُso they بواديin the valley of الجونِal-Jawn قَتلىslain فِرقَةa band
فَهُمُ بوادي الجونِ قَتلى فِرقَة
وَقَبائِلٌand tribes فِرَقٌin separate bands مَلَأنَfilled سُجونَهُhis prisons
وَقَبائِلٌ فِرَقٌ مَلَأنَ سُجونَهُ
So one band of them lay slain in Wadi al-Jawn,
while tribes in separate bands filled his prisons.
وَأَبانَand He revealed بِالصَّفصافِat al-Safsaf خالِصَةa special favor لَهُfor him
وَأَبانَ بِالصَّفصافِ خالِصَة لَهُ
كَيدthe plotting of العَدُوِّthe enemy وَسوءَand the evil of ماwhat يَطوونَهُthey conceal
كَيد العَدُوِّ وَسوءَ ما يَطوونَهُ
And at al-Safsaf He revealed, as a favor reserved for him,
the enemy's plotting and the evil they concealed.
فَهَوىthen fell اللَّعينُthe accursed man وَنَجمُهُand his star وَاللَّهُand God لاdoes not
فَهَوى اللَّعينُ وَنَجمُهُ وَاللَّهُ لا
يرضَىapprove of الضَّلالَerror وَلاand does not يُعِزُّgive honor to قَرينَهُits companion
يرضَى الضَّلالَ وَلا يُعِزُّ قَرينَهُ
Then the accursed man fell, and his star with him; God does not
approve of error, nor give honor to its companion.
وَالمُنفِسونَand the jealous rivals قَصَدتَyou directed خَيلَكَyour steeds قَصدَهُtoward him
وَالمُنفِسونَ قَصَدتَ خَيلَكَ قَصدَهُ
فَوَطئنهso they trampled him وَفَتَكتَand you struck ruthlessly حينَwhen لَقَينَهُthey encountered him
فَوَطئنه وَفَتَكتَ حينَ لَقَينَهُ
And the jealous rivals—you directed your steeds toward him,
and they trampled him; you struck fiercely when they met him.
وَقَطَعتand you cut off دابِرَهُhis last remnant فَجاءَكَso he came to you خاضِعاًsubmissive
وَقَطَعت دابِرَهُ فَجاءَكَ خاضِعاً
حَذرfearing الرَّدىdeath وَجِلَfearful الفُؤادِat heart مَهينَهُhis abased heart
حَذر الرَّدى وَجِلَ الفُؤادِ مَهينَهُ
You cut off his following, and he came to you submissive,
fearing death, trembling and abased at heart.
وَالمازِيارُand Mazyar وَقَدand already تَقَلَّدَhe donned غَدرَةًan act of treachery
وَالمازِيارُ وَقَد تَقَلَّدَ غَدرَةً
قَطَعَتit severed نِياطَthe heartstrings of فُؤادِهِhis heart وَوَتينَهُand his aorta
قَطَعَت نِياطَ فُؤادِهِ وَوَتينَهُ
And Mazyar, who had clothed himself in treachery
that severed his heartstrings and his aorta,
مِنfrom بَعدِafter ماthat جَعَلَhe made الشَّواهِقَthe lofty peaks عِصمَةًa protection
مِن بَعدِ ما جَعَلَ الشَّواهِقَ عِصمَةً
وَصَياصِياًand fortresses بِضَلالِهِthrough his error يُغرينَهُthey lured him on
وَصَياصِياً بِضَلالِهِ يُغرينَهُ
after making the lofty peaks his protection
and fortresses that lured him on in his error,
ظَنّاًthinking بِأَنَّthat الغَدرَtreachery يَمنَعُprotects أَهلَهُits practitioners
ظَنّاً بِأَنَّ الغَدرَ يَمنَعُ أَهلَهُ
كَذِباًfalsely فَكَذَّبَتِso disproved الحُتوفُthe strokes of death ظُنونَهُhis expectations
كَذِباً فَكَذَّبَتِ الحُتوفُ ظُنونَهُ
thinking that treachery would protect its practitioners,
vainly—the strokes of death belied his expectations.
فَأَفضتهُso you drove him forth لِلنَّكثِinto oath-breaking يَشرَحُhe opens صَدرَهُhis breast
فَأَفضتهُ لِلنَّكثِ يَشرَحُ صَدرَهُ
لِيُذِلَّهُso He may abase him رَبّيmy Lord بِهِthrough it وَيُهينَهُand humiliate him
لِيُذِلَّهُ رَبّي بِهِ وَيُهينَهُ
You drove him into oath-breaking, which he gladly embraced,
so that my Lord might abase and humiliate him through it.
وَشَحَنتَand you packed بِالأُسدِwith lions الخَوادِرdwelling in dens بِالقناwith lances
وَشَحَنتَ بِالأُسدِ الخَوادِر بِالقنا
وَالمُرهفاتِand sharpened blades شِعابَهُhis ravines وَرعونَهُand his mountain spurs
وَالمُرهفاتِ شِعابَهُ وَرعونَهُ
You packed with den-dwelling lions, armed with lances
and sharpened blades, his ravines and mountain spurs.
أَنِسَتgrew accustomed to جِيادُكَyour steeds صَعبَthe difficult مَرقىascent of حصنَهُhis fortress
أَنِسَت جِيادُكَ صَعبَ مَرقى حصنَهُ
وَجِبالَهاand its mountains فَرقَينَهاso they climbed them وَرَقَينَهُand they climbed it
وَجِبالَها فَرقَينَها وَرَقَينَهُ
Your steeds took readily to his fortress's steep ascent
and its mountains; they climbed them and climbed it,
كَلَباًin ravenous fury عَلَيهِagainst him فماand not برحنِthey left عراصَهُhis courts
كَلَباً عَلَيهِ فما برحنِ عراصَهُ
وَقَلالُهُand its peaks بِكُمانهwith its ambushers يُشجينَهُthey grieve him
وَقَلالُهُ بِكُمانه يُشجينَهُ
in ravenous fury at him, never leaving his courts,
while its peaks, with their ambushers, brought him grief.
حَتّىuntil إِذاwhen رزىbereaved النِّساءُthe women نِساءَهُhis women
حَتّى إِذا رزى النِّساءُ نِساءَهُ
لَمّاwhen اُستبيحَwas violated حَريمُهُhis protected household وَرَزينَهُand they bereaved him
لَمّا اُستبيحَ حَريمُهُ وَرَزينَهُ
Until, when women had bereaved his women,
as his household was violated and they bereaved him,
ثُمَّthen اِستَكانَhe submitted وَأَسلَمتَهُand abandoned him حُماتُهُhis defenders
ثُمَّ اِستَكانَ وَأَسلَمتَهُ حُماتُهُ
وَرَأىand he saw شَتاتاًdispersal بِالصَّغارin humiliation عَرينَهُhis lair
وَرَأى شَتاتاً بِالصَّغار عَرينَهُ
he then submitted, and his defenders abandoned him,
and he saw his lair dispersed in humiliation.
وَغَدَتand went forth جِيادُكَyour steeds حينَwhen أَسلَمَhe surrendered عُنوَةًby force
وَغَدَت جِيادُكَ حينَ أَسلَمَ عُنوَةً
تَحتازُthey seize ظاهِرَthe exposed portion of مالِهِhis wealth وَدَفينِهِand his buried treasure
تَحتازُ ظاهِرَ مالِهِ وَدَفينِهِ
Your steeds went forth, when he surrendered by force,
seizing his wealth, both exposed and buried.
ضُمَّتwere bound يَداهُhis two hands إِلىto التَّليلِthe neck مُكَبَّلاًshackled
ضُمَّت يَداهُ إِلى التَّليلِ مُكَبَّلاً
تَدمىbleeding وَساوَرَتِand assailed الدُّموعُthe tears جُفونَهُhis eyelids
تَدمى وَساوَرَتِ الدُّموعُ جُفونَهُ
His hands were bound to his neck, in shackles,
bleeding, while tears assailed his eyelids.
حَتّىuntil إِذاwhen اِختَلَجَتsnatched away سِياطُكَyour whips نَفسَهُhis soul
حَتّى إِذا اِختَلَجَت سِياطُكَ نَفسَهُ
وَتَخَرَّمَتand destroyed حَرَكاتهُhis movements وَسُكونَهُand his stillness
وَتَخَرَّمَت حَرَكاتهُ وَسُكونَهُ
Until, when your whips snatched away his soul
and destroyed his movements and his stillness,
نيطَتwere suspended عَوامِلُهُhis limbs بِرَأسِupon the head of عُذافِرa massive beast
نيطَت عَوامِلُهُ بِرَأسِ عُذافِر
جَعلmade الشَّريطُthe cord عِرانهُits nose-peg وَبُرينَهُand its nose-rings
جَعل الشَّريطُ عِرانهُ وَبُرينَهُ
his limbs were hung upon the head of a massive beast,
the cord serving as its nose-peg and nose-rings.
منfrom بَعدafter ماthat بِالكُفرِfor unbelief بكَّتyou reproached حَيدَراًHaydar
من بَعد ما بِالكُفرِ بكَّت حَيدَراً
وَأَبانَand he disclosed يوضِحُhe clarifies مُفصحاًspeaking plainly مَكنونَهُwhat he concealed
وَأَبانَ يوضِحُ مُفصحاً مَكنونَهُ
After you had reproached Haydar for unbelief,
and he revealed what he had hidden, speaking clearly and openly.
وَجَمَعتَand you gathered كُلَّevery مُعَدَّلٍperson certified upright وَسَأَلتَهُand you questioned him
وَجَمَعتَ كُلَّ مُعَدَّلٍ وَسَأَلتَهُ
نصّاًexplicitly لِيوضِحَso he might clarify كُفرَهُhis unbelief وَيُبينَهُand explain it
نصّاً لِيوضِحَ كُفرَهُ وَيُبينَهُ
You gathered everyone attested upright and questioned him
explicitly, so that he might clarify and disclose his unbelief.
فَأَقَرَّso he admitted بِالكُفرِto unbelief المُبينِmanifest وَلَمand did not تُرِدyou intend
فَأَقَرَّ بِالكُفرِ المُبينِ وَلَم تُرِد
إِلَّاexcept الإِلهُGod وَلَمand did not تُرِدyou intend تَهجينَهُdisgracing him
إِلَّا الإِلهُ وَلَم تُرِد تَهجينَهُ
He confessed to manifest unbelief, and you desired
only God; you did not intend to disgrace him.
أَنّىhow وَقَدwhen already أَنطَقتَyou made speak كُلَّevery مُفَوَّهٍeloquent speaker
أَنّى وَقَد أَنطَقتَ كُلَّ مُفَوَّهٍ
فيin مدحَةٍa praise-poem طَلَباseeking بِهاthrough it تَزيينَهُadorning him
في مدحَةٍ طَلَبا بِها تَزيينَهُ
How could you, when you had made every eloquent man speak
in praise, seeking through it to adorn him?
لِتشيعَso it might spread مدحَتهُhis praise وَتشهرَand make renowned ذِكرَهُhis name
لِتشيعَ مدحَتهُ وَتشهرَ ذِكرَهُ
بِحِبالِwith the cords of شاعِرِكَyour poet الرَّصينِthe steadfast رَصينَهُhis firmly wrought verse
بِحِبالِ شاعِرِكَ الرَّصينِ رَصينَهُ
So his praise might spread and make his name renowned,
through your steadfast poet's cords—his firmly wrought verse.
وَجَزَيتَand you rewarded مادِحَهُhis panegyrist فَأَبصَرَso he saw شعرَهُhis poetry
وَجَزَيتَ مادِحَهُ فَأَبصَرَ شعرَهُ
وَأَحَبَّand loved كُلُّevery مُدَوِّنcompiler تَدوينَهُrecording it
وَأَحَبَّ كُلُّ مُدَوِّن تَدوينَهُ
You rewarded his panegyrist, and he saw his verse,
and every compiler loved to record it.
وَرَفَعتهُand you raised him فَوقَabove النُّجومِthe stars وَلَمand did not تَدَعyou leave
وَرَفَعتهُ فَوقَ النُّجومِ وَلَم تَدَع
فيin المُلكِthe kingdom مُصطَفِياًa favored one لَهُfor him تمكينَهُhis authority
في المُلكِ مُصطَفِياً لَهُ تمكينَهُ
You raised him above the stars and left no
favorite in the realm with his degree of power.
وَعَصبتهُand you bound him بِالتَّاجِwith the crown عَصبَa binding of جَلالَةٍmajesty
وَعَصبتهُ بِالتَّاجِ عَصبَ جَلالَةٍ
وَجَعَلتَand you made خَلقَthe creatures of اللَّهِGod يَستَرعونَهُthey ask him to shepherd them
وَجَعَلتَ خَلقَ اللَّهِ يَستَرعونَهُ
You bound a crown upon him, a binding of majesty,
and made God's creatures ask him to shepherd them.