وَراعَand awed صاحِبَthe envoy of كِسرىKisra أَنthat رَأىhe saw عُمَراًUmar
وَراعَ صاحِبَ كِسرى أَن رَأى عُمَراً
بَينَamong الرَعِيَّةِthe subjects عُطلاًunarmed وَهوَand he راعيهاtheir shepherd
بَينَ الرَعِيَّةِ عُطلاً وَهوَ راعيها
And Kisra’s envoy was awestruck to see Umar
The keeper of Ctesiphon was amazed when he saw
Among the subjects, unarmed, though he was their shepherd.
Umar among the people, while he was their shepherd,
وَعَهدُهُand his experience بِمُلوكِwith the kings الفُرسِof Persia أَنَّthat لَهاfor them
وَعَهدُهُ بِمُلوكِ الفُرسِ أَنَّ لَها
سوراًa wall مِنَof الجُندِthe soldiers وَالأَحراسِand the guards يَحميهاprotects them
سوراً مِنَ الجُندِ وَالأَحراسِ يَحميها
And his experience of Persian kings was that they had
And his covenant with the kings of Persia was that
A wall of soldiers and guards protecting them.
It had walls of soldiers and guards protecting it.
رَآهُhe saw him مُستَغرِقاًdeeply immersed فيin نَومِهِhis sleep فَرَأىso he saw
رَآهُ مُستَغرِقاً في نَومِهِ فَرَأى
فيهِin him الجَلالَةَmajesty فيin أَسمىthe loftiest مَعانيهاits meanings
فيهِ الجَلالَةَ في أَسمى مَعانيها
He saw him immersed in sleep, and so saw
He saw him drowned in his sleep, so he saw
In him majesty in its loftiest sense.
In him majesty in its highest meanings,
فَوقَupon الثَرىthe earth تَحتَbeneath ظِلِّthe shade of الدَوحِthe spreading trees مُشتَمِلاًwrapped
فَوقَ الثَرى تَحتَ ظِلِّ الدَوحِ مُشتَمِلاً
بِبُردَةٍin a cloak كادَalmost طولُthe length العَهدِof time يُبليهاwears it out
بِبُردَةٍ كادَ طولُ العَهدِ يُبليها
Upon the earth, beneath the shade of spreading trees, wrapped
Above the ground, under the shade of the tent, wrapped
In a cloak that the passage of time had nearly worn out.
In a cloak, which the length of time had nearly worn threadbare.
فَهانَso it grew insignificant فيin عَينِهِhis eye ماwhat كانَhe used to يَكبُرُهُesteem it
فَهانَ في عَينِهِ ما كانَ يَكبُرُهُ
مِنَof الأَكاسِرِthe Kisras وَالدُنياand the world بِأَيديهاin their hands
مِنَ الأَكاسِرِ وَالدُنيا بِأَيديها
Then those he had held great grew small in his eyes—
So there became small in his eyes what he used to magnify
The Kisras, with the world in their hands.
Of emperors, and the world in their hands,
وَقالَand he said قَولَةَa saying حَقٍّof truth أَصبَحَتit became مَثَلاًa proverb
وَقالَ قَولَةَ حَقٍّ أَصبَحَت مَثَلاً
وَأَصبَحَand came to الجيلُthe generation بَعدَafter الجيلِthe generation يَرويهاrecounts it
وَأَصبَحَ الجيلُ بَعدَ الجيلِ يَرويها
And he spoke a word of truth that became a proverb,
And he said a saying of truth which became a parable,
And generation after generation came to repeat it:
And generation after generation narrates it:
أَمِنتَyou were safe لَمّاwhen أَقَمتَyou established العَدلَjustice بَينَهُمُamong them
أَمِنتَ لَمّا أَقَمتَ العَدلَ بَينَهُمُ
فَنِمتُso I slept نَومَthe sleep of قَريرِcontented العَينِthe eye هانيهاat ease in it
فَنِمتُ نَومَ قَريرِ العَينِ هانيها
You were safe when you established justice among them;
"You felt secure when you established justice among them,
So I slept the sleep of one with contented, tranquil eyes.
So you slept the sleep of the clear-eyed, calm."