أيدريdoes it know? الدهرTime أيمُby اللَهِGod أنيthat I
أيدري الدهر أيمُ اللَهِ أني
سَبرتُI probed صروفهits vicissitudes بطناًinside وظهراand outside
سَبرتُ صروفه بطناً وظهرا
Does Time know—by God—that I
Time knows, O God, that I
have probed its vicissitudes, inside and out?
Have probed its ups and downs, front and back.
فبيناfor while هُوْit يريكshows you المرَّthe bitter حلواًas sweet
فبينا هُوْ يريك المرَّ حلواً
تراهyou see it قدalready أراكshowed you الحلوthe sweet مرّاas bitter
تراه قد أراك الحلو مرّا
For while it shows you bitterness as sweetness,
While it shows you the bitter as sweet,
you see that it has shown you sweetness as bitterness.
You find it has shown the sweet as bitter.
فكانso was حِلاؤهits sweetness زوراًfalsehood ومكراًand deceit
فكان حِلاؤه زوراً ومكراً
وكانand was رِداؤهits cloak خُبثاًmalice وغَدراand treachery
وكان رِداؤه خُبثاً وغَدرا
So its sweetness was falsehood and deceit,
So its sweetness was pretense and guile
and its cloak was malice and treachery.
And its garb was evil and treachery.
فإنso if يُدبرit turns away فلمthen did not أوسعهI heap upon it ذمّاًblame
فإن يُدبر فلم أوسعه ذمّاً
وإنand if يقبلit approaches فلمthen did not أوسعهI heap upon it شكراthanks
وإن يقبل فلم أوسعه شكرا
If it turns away, I have not heaped blame upon it,
If it turns away, my blame cannot reach it,
and if it approaches, I have not heaped thanks upon it.
If it comes, my thanks cannot suffice.
فأُعجِزُهُso I thwart it إذاwhen ماever غالبتنيcontended with me
فأُعجِزُهُ إذا ما غالبتني
نوائبُهits calamities وهلand can يغلبنthey overcome حرّاa free man
نوائبُه وهل يغلبن حرّا
So I thwart it whenever I am assailed
So when its afflictions overwhelm me,
by its calamities—and can they overcome a free man?
I confound it, for can afflictions prevail?
فلاso do not تيأسdespair لدهرٍbecause of an age مُكفَهِرٍّgrim-faced
فلا تيأس لدهرٍ مُكفَهِرٍّ
إذاif غادرتَyou abandoned ذنباًa sin مكفهراgrim
إذا غادرتَ ذنباً مكفهرا
So do not despair at a grim-faced age,
Do not despair of a glowering time,
if you have left a grim sin behind.
If you have turned from a frowning sin.
فبينfor between الدهرTime والأحرارand free men بَونٌa gulf
فبين الدهر والأحرار بَونٌ
فلاso do not تعجبmarvel لحرٍّat a free man دامendured دهراan age
فلا تعجب لحرٍّ دام دهرا
For a gulf divides Time from free men,
Between time and free men there is a gulf.
so do not marvel at a free man who endures an age.
So wonder not at a free man who endured it.
تصانare safeguarded نفوسهمtheir souls منهfrom it فتحياand so live
تصان نفوسهم منه فتحيا
كماjust as صينتwas preserved منfrom العِنِّينِthe impotent man عَذراa virgin
كما صينت من العِنِّينِ عَذرا
Their souls are shielded from it and live on,
Their souls are protected from it and live
as a virgin remains untouched by an impotent man.
As my excuses were protected from blamers.
تدومthey endure معwith الإلهGod مؤبَّداتٍeverlasting
تدوم مع الإله مؤبَّداتٍ
وتفنَىand perish بعدهاafter them الأدهارthe ages طراall
وتفنَى بعدها الأدهار طرا
They endure with God, everlasting,
With God they last forever
and afterward all the ages perish.
While ages after them pass away.
علامwhy الإتساعseeking spaciousness بدارin a house كَسرٍruin
علام الإتساع بدار كَسرٍ
وقدand indeed بُلِّغتَyou were told ماwhat صنَعَتit did بكسرىto Kisra
وقد بُلِّغتَ ما صنَعَت بكسرى
Why seek spaciousness in a house of ruin,
Why be delighted with a frail abode
when you have been told what it did to Kisra?
When you have heard what it did to Chosroes?
فلاso not يُحمَىis protected بهاin it أبداًever نزيلٌa guest
فلا يُحمَى بها أبداً نزيلٌ
يُريهاshows it كسرَهُhis brokenness فتريهso it shows him جبراmending
يُريها كسرَهُ فتريه جبرا
No guest is ever protected there
No dweller in it is ever protected,
who shows it his brokenness and receives its mending.
It shows him its destruction then repairs it.
فكمso how many أسرتit captured بموردهاat its watering place ملوكاًkings
فكم أسرت بموردها ملوكاً
وكمand how many قتلتit killed بمصدرat the exit from ذاكthat أسرىcaptives
وكم قتلت بمصدر ذاك أسرى
How many kings it has captured at its watering place,
How many kings gained power over its spring,
and how many captives it has killed at that place's exit!
And how many captives were killed at its source!
فضاقso grew too narrow البحرthe sea عنfor غرقاهits drowned مرسىًas a harbor
فضاق البحر عن غرقاه مرسىً
وضاقand grew too narrow البرthe land عنfor قتلاهits slain قبراas a grave
وضاق البر عن قتلاه قبرا
So the sea was too narrow a harbor for its drowned,
The sea was too narrow to drown its drowned.
and the land too narrow a grave for its slain.
The earth too narrow for its slain's graves.
قفاhalt, you two بيwith me صاحبيَّmy two companions فأسعدانيso aid me, you two
قفا بي صاحبيَّ فأسعداني
بأمرٍin a matter لاnot أرىI see ليfor me فيهin it عُذراan excuse
بأمرٍ لا أرى لي فيه عُذرا
Halt with me, my two companions, and aid me
Stop, my two friends, and give me bliss
in a matter for which I see no excuse for myself,
With something for which I can find no excuse,
بيومٍon a day يقتضيexacts منيfrom me سروريmy joy
بيومٍ يقتضي مني سروري
إذاwhen نظرlooked الزمانTime إليat me شَزْراaskance
إذا نظر الزمان إلي شَزْرا
on a day that exacts my joy from me,
A day that requires my joy
when Time looks askance at me.
When time looks at me with disdain.
غنيّاًrich كنتُI was فيin سكريmy drunkenness بدهريwith my fortune
غنيّاً كنتُ في سكري بدهري
فلماthen when أنthat صحوتI sobered أصبتI found فقراpoverty
فلما أن صحوت أصبت فقرا
I was rich while drunk on my fortune;
Once drunk with my time, now I'm poor,
but when I sobered, I found poverty.
Now sober, but once was drunk.
فهذاso this السكرdrunkenness عنديto me كانwas صحواًsobriety
فهذا السكر عندي كان صحواً
وهذاand this الصحوsobriety عنديto me كانwas سكراdrunkenness
وهذا الصحو عندي كان سكرا
So this drunkenness, to me, was sobriety,
So this was sobriety, that drunkenness.
and this sobriety, to me, was drunkenness.
Now sober, once drunk, how strange!
فأينso where الدارthe house والأحبابand the loved ones فيهاin it
فأين الدار والأحباب فيها
أماnot? بُلِّغتَyou were told أنthat الدارthe house قفراdesolate
أما بُلِّغتَ أن الدار قفرا
Where, then, is the house, and the loved ones within it?
Where is that house and friends in it?
Have you not been told that the house is desolate?
But you've heard that the house is desolate.
ديارٌdwellings لاno ثباتpermanence لساكنيهاfor their inhabitants
ديارٌ لا ثبات لساكنيها
فإنso if تَشكُكْyou doubt فسلthen ask زيداًZayd وعمراand Amr
فإن تَشكُكْ فسل زيداً وعمرا
Dwellings whose inhabitants have no permanence;
An abode whose dwellers have no constancy—
if you doubt, ask Zayd and Amr.
If you doubt, ask Zayd and `Amr.
شبابyouth الشابof the young man يستقضيهexacts from him شيباًgray hair
شباب الشاب يستقضيه شيباً
وشَيبand gray hair الكهلِof the middle-aged man يستقضيهexacts from him عُمراlife
وشَيب الكهلِ يستقضيه عُمرا
The youth of the young man exacts gray hair from him,
A youth's morn is soon shadowed by evening.
and the middle-aged man's gray hair exacts his life.
An old man's evening is soon shadowed by death.
مصيرdestiny العالمينof the worlds إلىto فسادٍdecay
مصير العالمين إلى فسادٍ
وتُبدَلُand is replaced هذهthis الدنياworld بأخرىby another
وتُبدَلُ هذه الدنيا بأخرى
The fate of the worlds is decay,
The world's lot is decline into ruin,
and this world is replaced by another.
And this world will be changed for another.
وتلكand that one بقاؤهاits existence أبداًforever بقاءٌlasting existence
وتلك بقاؤها أبداً بقاءٌ
وكلٌّand everyone فعلهhis deed يقضيهpays him أجراrecompense
وكلٌّ فعله يقضيه أجرا
And that one's existence endures forever,
That endures forever unchanged,
and each person's deed pays him his recompense.
And every man's deed determines his reward.
فإنْso if خيراًgood يسودhe gains eminence بهthrough it فخيراًthen good
فإنْ خيراً يسود به فخيراً
وإنand if شرّاًevil يسودhe gains eminence بهthrough it فشراthen evil
وإن شرّاً يسود به فشرا
If he gains eminence through good, then good is his reward;
If good, it endures with good reward,
and if he gains eminence through evil, then evil is his reward.
If evil, it endures with evil reward.
إذاif كانis البناءthe building بلاwithout أساسٍa foundation
إذا كان البناء بلا أساسٍ
سيهدمwill be demolished ماwhat تشيِّدُهyou erect it ويُدراand be cast aside
سيهدم ما تشيِّدُه ويُدرا
If a building has no foundation,
When the foundation lacks a basis,
what you erect will be demolished and cast aside.
All you erect will collapse and fall.
فكمso how many طوتِenfolded الثرىthe soil مناamong us أناساًpeople
فكم طوتِ الثرى منا أناساً
وكمand how much محتِerased الدناthe worlds ذكراًremembrance وفخراand glory
وكم محتِ الدنا ذكراً وفخرا
So how many people among us the soil has enfolded,
How many people has earth covered over!
and how much remembrance and glory the worlds have erased!
How many reputations and boasts buried!
وكمand how many هلكتperished بهاin them جهلاًthrough ignorance نفوسٌsouls
وكم هلكت بها جهلاً نفوسٌ
وقدand indeed تاهتit gloried بمنin whoever قدalready تاهgloried قدراin rank
وقد تاهت بمن قد تاه قدرا
How many souls have perished there through ignorance,
How many foolish souls has it destroyed!
while it has gloried in those who gloried in rank.
How many strayed with those who strayed blindly!
إلامuntil when الإقتصارconfining oneself علىto مُحالٍthe impossible
إلام الإقتصار على مُحالٍ
وأنتwhile you بماto what يشاءwills الحقthe True One أحرىmore suited
وأنت بما يشاء الحق أحرى
How long will you limit yourself to the impossible,
Why be content with what is impossible
when what the True One wills is more fitting for you?
When you know what God wills is most fitting?
وتدريand you know ماwhat وراbeyond هذاthis وهذاand this
وتدري ما ورا هذا وهذا
وتذهبand you go تائهاًastray تيهاًin arrogance وكبراand pride
وتذهب تائهاً تيهاً وكبرا
You know what lies beyond this and that,
You know what's behind this and that
yet go astray in arrogance and pride.
Yet go wandering blindly in pomp and pride.
تَخالyou suppose الأرضthe earth والشهواتِand the desires فيهاwithin it
تَخال الأرض والشهواتِ فيها
مؤبدةًeverlasting وأنand that بِهاin it المَقرَّاthe lasting abode
مؤبدةً وأن بِها المَقرَّا
You suppose the earth and the desires within it
You imagine the earth and lusts in it
are everlasting, and that your lasting abode is there.
Are eternal, and it holds what gives joy.
وصَيَّرتَand you made الشريعةthe divine law ذاتَa thing of وهمٍillusion
وصَيَّرتَ الشريعة ذاتَ وهمٍ
بنقضكby your overturning حُكمَهاits decree سطراًa line فسطراthen another line
بنقضك حُكمَها سطراً فسطرا
You have made divine law a thing of illusion,
You treated God's law as meaningless,
by overturning its decree, line after line.
Destroying its judgments line by line.
أبحتyou permitted المنكراتforbidden acts فلاso no نظامٌorder
أبحت المنكرات فلا نظامٌ
بسعيكthrough your efforts إذsince أضعتyou wasted الحقthe truth هدراin vain
بسعيك إذ أضعت الحق هدرا
You permitted forbidden acts, so no order remains,
You permitted the unlawful and no order remains
through your efforts, since you squandered truth for nothing.
Because you neglected truth and ignored it.
تسيرyou walk معwith الإلهGod كلاas though there were no إلهٌgod
تسير مع الإله كلا إلهٌ
وتعصيand you disobey شرعَهHis law نهياًprohibitions وأمراand commands
وتعصي شرعَه نهياً وأمرا
You walk with God as though there were no God,
You follow caprice, though God you obey not,
and disobey His law, its prohibitions and commands.
Disobeying His command and prohibition.
تبيعyou sell النفسthe soul فيin الدنياthe world ببخسٍfor a paltry price
تبيع النفس في الدنيا ببخسٍ
فكيفso how تباعis sold نفسٌa soul وهيwhile it تُشرَىis purchased
فكيف تباع نفسٌ وهي تُشرَى
You sell the soul in this world for a paltry price;
You sell your soul in this world for a pittance.
so how can a soul be sold when it is being bought?
How can a soul be sold when it should be ransomed?
لعمرby the life of أبيكyour father إنكindeed you فيin ضلالٍerror
لعمر أبيك إنك في ضلالٍ
إذاif أمعنتyou delved deeply فيinto الأحوالthe circumstances فِكراin thought
إذا أمعنت في الأحوال فِكرا
By your father's life, you are astray,
By your father's life, you are in error
if you ponder these circumstances deeply.
If you ponder the conditions carefully.
مساوٍmisdeeds لوif تصدّىundertook كاتبوهاtheir chroniclers
مساوٍ لو تصدّى كاتبوها
لهاto them جلَّتthey were too vast فلمso were not تُكتَبbe written وتُقراand read
لها جلَّت فلم تُكتَب وتُقرا
Misdeeds—were their chroniclers to turn
Writers, if they undertook to,
to them—would prove too vast to be written down and read.
Could not record such lessons completely.
أطعنيobey me واتخذنيand take me ياO سميريmy evening companion
أطعني واتخذني يا سميري
نصوحاًa sincere adviser مخلصاًdevoted سرّاًin secret وجهراand openly
نصوحاً مخلصاً سرّاً وجهرا
Heed me, and take me, my evening companion,
Heed me, take me as sincere adviser,
as a sincere adviser, devoted in secret and openly.
Secretly and openly, your loyal confidant.
وخذand take بيديby my hand إلىto مولىًa Lord رؤوفٍcompassionate
وخذ بيدي إلى مولىً رؤوفٍ
إذاwhen ماever جئتهyou come to Him أولاكHe grants you براkindness
إذا ما جئته أولاك برا
And take me by the hand to a compassionate Lord,
Take my hand to a Compassionate Master,
who, whenever you come to Him, grants you kindness.
When you come to Him, you will prosper.
عسىmay اللَهGod العليthe Most High وليand I have رجاءٌhope
عسى اللَه العلي ولي رجاءٌ
يمدُّextend يداًa hand إلىtoward سُقميmy sickness فأبراso I recover
يمدُّ يداً إلى سُقمي فأبرا
May God Most High—and I have hope—
Perhaps God, the Exalted, will show favor—
stretch a hand toward my sickness, so I may recover.
I hope—and cure my sickness.
يدthe hand اللَهof God العزيزthe Mighty إذاwhen تولّتit takes charge
يد اللَه العزيز إذا تولّت
علىover عبدٍa servant أرتهit shows him العسرhardship يسراas ease
على عبدٍ أرته العسر يسرا
The hand of God the Mighty, when it watches
When God's mighty hand undertakes
over a servant, shows him hardship as ease.
To care for a servant, He makes hardship easy.
وحكمتُهand His wisdom إذاwhen جاءتit came بضيقٍwith distress
وحكمتُه إذا جاءت بضيقٍ
أرتكit showed you اليُمنَgood fortune فيon يمنىthe right ويسرىand the left
أرتك اليُمنَ في يمنى ويسرى
And His wisdom, when it comes with distress,
And His wisdom, when it brings distress,
shows you good fortune on the right and the left.
Makes Safety leave both right and left hands.
ورحمتُهand His mercy إذاwhen جاءتit came بلطفٍwith gentleness
ورحمتُه إذا جاءت بلطفٍ
أحالتit turned عدلهHis justice عفواًinto pardon وبراand kindness
أحالت عدله عفواً وبرا
And His mercy, when it comes with gentleness,
His mercy, when it appears gentle,
turns His justice into pardon and kindness.
Makes His justice a pardon and beneficence.
ونعمتُهand His grace إذاجاءتwhen it comes تجلتit shone forth
ونعمتُه إذاجاءت تجلت
عليكupon you وأنتand you بالإنعامof bounty أدرىmore aware
عليك وأنت بالإنعام أدرى
And His grace, when it comes, shines forth
His favor, when it reveals itself, shines on you,
upon you, and you know bounty all the better.
While you know best how to show favor.
ونقمتُهand His vengeance إذاwhen حلتbefell بعبدٍupon a servant
ونقمتُه إذا حلت بعبدٍ
يسيءdoes evil فلاthen no مَقرَّresting place ولاand no مفراescape
يسيء فلا مَقرَّ ولا مفرا
And His vengeance, when it falls upon a servant
His vengeance, when it descends on
who does evil, leaves no resting place and no escape.
A disobedient slave, allows no rest or flight.
يُسَرُّis pleased اللَهGod فيin عبدٍa servant نصوحٍsincere
يُسَرُّ اللَه في عبدٍ نصوحٍ
بتوبتهat his repentance ويُبغِضُand hates منwhoever أصرّاpersisted
بتوبته ويُبغِضُ من أصرّا
God is pleased with a sincere servant
God makes serene the sincere slave
for his repentance, and hates whoever persists in sin.
Who repents, but hates whoever persists.