حيّgreet الصباحthe morning إذاwhen تبسمhe smiles
حيّ الصباح إذا تبسم
وصغand fashion العقودthe necklaces إذاwhen تكلمhe speaks
وصغ العقود إذا تكلم
Hail the morning when he smiles,
The morning smiles when it dawns
and fashion necklaces when he speaks;
And the vines speak when they bud
واعبدand worship بمملكةin the kingdom of الجمالbeauty
واعبد بمملكة الجمال
جلالةthe majesty of الملكthe king المعظمthe exalted
جلالة الملك المعظم
and worship, in the kingdom of beauty,
Worship in the kingdom of beauty
the majesty of the exalted king.
The Majesty of the Greatest King
فالحسنfor beauty حينwhen يصانis safeguarded يعبدis worshipped
فالحسن حين يصان يعبد
فيهwithin it خالقهُits Creator ويكرَمand is honored
فيه خالقهُ ويكرَم
For when beauty is safeguarded, worship is offered
For beauty when protected is worshipped
within it to its Creator, who is honored.
In it its Creator is worshipped and honored
وإذاand if سألتyou ask وجادand he gives generously يوماone day
وإذا سألت وجاد يوما
ماor other (indefinite emphasis) بوعدwith a promise أوor تكرّمshows generosity
ما بوعد أو تكرّم
And if you ask, and someday he grants
And if one day it gives generously when asked
a promise or shows generosity,
What it promised or bestowed honorably
فاستقبلthen welcome الدنياthe world بزينتهاwith its adornment
فاستقبل الدنيا بزينتها
ولاand do not تشركassociate partners in worship فتندمand so regret it
ولا تشرك فتندم
then welcome the world in its finery,
Then face the world with its adornments
and associate no partner with him, lest you regret it.
But do not associate else you’ll regret
واستوحهand seek revelation from him واستلهمنهand surely seek inspiration from him
واستوحه واستلهمنه
فكمfor how often وكمand how often أوحىhe revealed وألهمand inspired
فكم وكم أوحى وألهم
Seek revelation from him, and inspiration from him;
And inspire from it and draw inspiration
for how often, how often, he has revealed and inspired!
For how much it inspired and exhorted
وإذاand when حساhe sipped الكأسthe cup اركعنّbow down, surely
وإذا حسا الكأس اركعنّ
لهbefore him وبالأخرىand with another cup تقدّمcome forward
له وبالأخرى تقدّم
And when he sips from the cup, bow down
And when the cup senses, bow down
before him, and come forward with another.
To it and with the other proceed
وإذاand if استزادكhe asks you for more زدهgive him more واسجدand prostrate yourself
وإذا استزادك زده واسجد
واقتربand draw near لاmay not عاشlive منwhoever لمdoes not do so
واقترب لا عاش من لم
And if he asks you for more, give him more, and prostrate yourself;
And if it gives you more, add to it and prostrate
and draw near—may whoever fails to do so never live!
And come near for he who did not live did not
وعليهand upon him صلّinvoke blessings إذاwhen انتشىhe becomes intoxicated
وعليه صلّ إذا انتشى
فاللَهfor God قدhas indeed صلىbestowed blessings وسلمand bestowed peace
فاللَه قد صلى وسلم
And invoke blessings upon him when he is drunk,
And send your prayers when it sparkles
for God has bestowed blessings and peace.
For God has already prayed and greeted
لاneither العودthe lute لاnor القيثارthe lyre لاnor
لا العود لا القيثار لا
المزمارthe flute إذwhen يشدوhe sings بأرخمis more melodious
المزمار إذ يشدو بأرخم
No lute, no lyre, no
Not the lute, nor the qithara, nor
flute is more melodious when he sings.
The flute when it sings with a quaver
فاسمعthen listen to لحونthe melodies of مخارقMukhariq
فاسمع لحون مخارق
والموصليand al-Mawsili إذاwhen ترنمhe sings melodiously
والموصلي إذا ترنم
Then hear the melodies of Mukhariq
So listen to the tones of wonders
and al-Mawsili's when he sings.
And the Musili when he hums
واشربand drink علىto تصفيقthe clapping of قلبكyour heart
واشرب على تصفيق قلبك
ياO أخاbrother of الأشواقlongings واغنمand seize the chance
يا أخا الأشواق واغنم
And drink to the applause of your heart,
And drink to the clapping of your heart
O brother of longing, and seize the chance!
O brother of passions and gain
وإذاand when تلعثمfalters صوتهُhis voice
وإذا تلعثم صوتهُ
وكباand stumbles اللسانthe tongue وعربدand runs riot الدمthe blood
وكبا اللسان وعربد الدم
And when his voice falters,
And if his voice falters
his tongue stumbles, and his blood runs riot,
And the tongue stumbles and the blood mumbles
هللdeclare 'There is no god but God' وكبرand declare 'God is greatest' باسمهin his name
هلل وكبر باسمه
فاللَهfor God فضلهfavored him وعظمand exalted him
فاللَه فضله وعظم
proclaim God's oneness and greatness in his name,
Say “God is great” and exalt His name
for God has favored and exalted him.
For God’s favor and greatness
واشكand complain of الغرامpassionate love لعلهperhaps he
واشك الغرام لعله
بكof you ياO هزارnightingale of الحيthe quarter مغرمis enamored
بك يا هزار الحي مغرم
And complain of passion—perhaps
And shed the tears of passion perhaps
he is enamored of you, O nightingale of the quarter;
It will cry for you, O myriad of the living enamored
أوor علّهperhaps he يرثيtakes pity فقدfor he has
أو علّه يرثي فقد
أمسىcome to be بحالكof your condition منكthan you أعلمmore aware
أمسى بحالك منك أعلم
or perhaps he will take pity, for
Or perhaps it will lament a loss
he now knows your condition better than you.
Having become aware of your state
ولعلand perhaps بنتthe daughter of النخلthe date palms تدنىbrings close
ولعل بنت النخل تدنى
قلبهhis heart النائيdistant فيرحمand then takes pity
قلبه النائي فيرحم
And perhaps the date palm's daughter will draw
And perhaps the date palm’s daughter draws near
his distant heart close, and he will take pity;
To his distant heart, so it may have mercy
ويجودand gives generously إذat ذاكthat time العظيمthe exalted one
ويجود إذ ذاك العظيم
بحسنهwith his beauty بالخدwith the cheek والفمand the mouth
بحسنه بالخد والفم
and that exalted one will then be generous
And the Magnificent one will then give generously
with his beauty, his cheek and his mouth.
With his beauty, his cheek and mouth
فتبيتthen you spend the night تحتضنembracing المنىwishes
فتبيت تحتضن المنى
سكرانdrunk بينamid اللثمkissing والضمand embracing
سكران بين اللثم والضم
Then you will spend the night embracing your wishes,
So you spend the night embracing the wishes
drunk amid kissing and embracing,
Intoxicated between the touching and pressing
تترشّفyou sip slowly ابنةthe daughter of ثغرهhis mouth
تترشّف ابنة ثغره
متداوياseeking a cure والريقand the saliva بلسمa balm
متداويا والريق بلسم
sipping the daughter of his mouth,
Sipping from his mouth’s nobility
seeking a cure—his saliva is a balm
Healing, as the saliva is a balm
ومدامةand wine لاneither الهمّworry يطرقvisits
ومدامة لا الهمّ يطرق
قلبthe heart of راشفهاits sipper ولاnor الغمsorrow
قلب راشفها ولا الغم
and wine: neither worry visits
And a tavern maid whom no worries can permeate her heart
the heart of its sipper, nor sorrow.
Nor sorrows while she ministers
ظبيّa gazelle تحكّمruled at will بيover me ولاand do not
ظبيّ تحكّم بي ولا
تلُمblame الغزالَthe gazelle إذاwhen تحكّمhe rules at will
تلُم الغزالَ إذا تحكّم
A gazelle has ruled me at will; do not
A gazelle controlling me yet I cannot blame
blame the gazelle when he rules at will.
The gazelle when it takes control
فكمfor how often استعاذsought protection ولاذand sought refuge منهfrom him
فكم استعاذ ولاذ منه
بهin him إذاwhen ماever (emphatic) صالcharged ضيغمa lion
به إذا ما صال ضيغم
For how often protection and refuge from him were sought
So how he sought refuge and sanctuary in Him
in him, whenever a lion charged!
When the predator pounced, fierce
قسماI swear بردفيهby his two buttocks وكمand how many
قسما بردفيه وكم
منof مدنفٍone wasted by love بالردفby the rump أقسمswore
من مدنفٍ بالردف أقسم
I swear by his buttocks—and how many
By his hips I swear and how much
a lovesick soul has sworn by the rump!
With hips the well-rounded swore
لوif عامرAmir أوor عمروAmr
لو عامر أو عمرو
شاهدwitnessed بطشthe onslaught of جفنيهhis two eyelids لأحجمhe would have recoiled
شاهد بطش جفنيه لأحجم
Had Amir or Amr
If present Amr or Amro
seen his eyelids' onslaught, he would have recoiled;
Witnessed the blow of his eyelids, he would refrain
أوor أبصرتbeheld عينُthe eye of ابنIbn (son of) أدهمAdham
أو أبصرت عينُ ابن أدهم
حسنهُhis beauty لغوىwould have gone astray ابنIbn (son of) أدهمAdham
حسنهُ لغوى ابن أدهم
or had Ibn Adham's eye beheld
Or if the eye of Ibn Adham saw
his beauty, Ibn Adham would have gone astray.
His beauty, the eye of Ibn Adham would swoon
أوor أنهthat he نشرspread الشباكthe nets
أو أنه نشر الشباك
لماwould not رأيتyou have seen بناamong us معمّمa turbaned man
لما رأيت بنا معمّم
Or had he spread his nets,
Or if he unveiled his net
you would have seen no turbaned man among us.
When we saw the turbaned one
أشكوI complain of القوامthe stature لخصرهto his waist
أشكو القوام لخصره
متظلّماprotesting injustice والخصرand the waist أظلمmore unjust
متظلّما والخصر أظلم
I complain of his stature to his waist,
I complain of his slender waist
protesting injustice—yet the waist is more unjust.
Grumbling while the waist is darker
أينwhere القناthe spears منbeside فعلthe deeds of
أين القنا من فعل
ذاكthat one فياso, oh! لمعوجٍّwhat a crooked one مقوّمthat straightens
ذاك فيا لمعوجٍّ مقوّم
What are spears beside the deeds
Where is the straightness of one who did
of that one? Ah, what a crooked straightener!
That deed, what a twisted, curved one
وكمand how often استجرتI sought refuge بطرفهin his gaze
وكم استجرت بطرفه
منfrom ردفهhis rump والطرفand the gaze أغشمmore ruthless
من ردفه والطرف أغشم
And how often I sought refuge in his gaze
And how much I took cover in his glance
from his rump—yet his gaze is more ruthless!
From his hips, and the glance is more concealing
للَهby God! ماhow أودىhe destroyed وماand how
للَه ما أودى وما
أصلىhe scorched وماand how اصمىhe slew outright وأسقمand made ill
أصلى وما اصمى وأسقم
By God, how he has destroyed, and how
To God what it brought and what
he has scorched, slain outright, and sickened!
It prayed and what it reconciled and healed
أينwhere الجآذرwild-cow calves والدمىand statues
أين الجآذر والدمى
ممنbeside one whom عليهupon him اللَهGod أنعمbestowed favor
ممن عليه اللَه أنعم
What are wild-cow calves and statues
Where are the generous and the noble
beside one whom God has blessed?
On whom God bestowed bounty
أينwhere الأقاحُthe daisies إذاwhen تبسّمhe smiles
أين الأقاحُ إذا تبسّم
واللآلىءand the pearls حينwhen تنظَمare strung
واللآلىء حين تنظَم
What are daisies beside him when he smiles,
Where is the smiling one when smiles
and pearls when they are strung?
And the pearls when threaded
رمزُthe symbol of الفضيلةِvirtue والعفافand chastity فأso wh- (word continues)
رمزُ الفضيلةِ والعفاف فأ
ينَ-ere (completes 'where') يوسفJoseph أينwhere مريَمMary
ينَ يوسف أين مريَم
The symbol of virtue and chastity—so
The epitome of virtue and chastity, where then
where is Joseph, where is Mary?
Is Joseph, where is Mary
أناI لاdo not أقولsay هوhe is الهلالthe crescent moon
أنا لا أقول هو الهلال
كماas يقالُit is said إذاwhen تلثّمhe veils his face
كما يقالُ إذا تلثّم
I do not say he is the crescent,
I do not say he is the crescent
as people say when he veils his face,
As is said when it is veiled
أوor حينwhen يسفرُhe unveils his face قدhas تبدّتappeared
أو حين يسفرُ قد تبدّت
أختُthe sister of يوشعJoshua فهوfor he is أعظمgreater
أختُ يوشع فهو أعظم
or say, when he unveils, that there has appeared
Or when it is unveiled, it appeared
Joshua's sister—for he is greater.
Sister of Joshua so he is greatest
ركعتbowed لهbefore him فينوسVenus حينwhen
ركعت له فينوس حين
هوتshe fell وخرّتand fell prostrate إذwhen تسنّمhe rose to the summit
هوت وخرّت إذ تسنّم
Venus bowed before him when
Venus bowed when he
she fell, and fell prostrate when he rose high.
Rose and fell when crowned
مولايَmy lord طوّحhurled away بيme التدلّهlove's delirium
مولايَ طوّح بي التدلّه
بعدَafter أنthat أدمىmade me bleed وقلّمand pruned me
بعدَ أن أدمى وقلّم
My lord, love's delirium has hurled me away,
My Master the obsession threw me
after making me bleed and pruning me.
After it bloodied and tore me apart
وهوىand brought down بشيطانيmy demon القنوطdespair
وهوى بشيطاني القنوط
وأفقand the horizon of إلهاميmy inspiration تجهّمgrew sullen
وأفق إلهامي تجهّم
And despair has brought my demon low,
And it dropped my devil of despair
and my inspiration's horizon has grown sullen.
And my divine inspiration frowned
وكباand stumbled جوادthe steed of الحظfortune بيwith me
وكبا جواد الحظ بي
وحسامand the sword of بأسيmy valor قدhas تثلّمbecome chipped
وحسام بأسي قد تثلّم
And the steed of fortune stumbled with me,
And the steed of fortune stumbled with me
and the sword of my valor has been chipped.
And my sword of might chipped
اللَهGod! (appeal) فيّconcerning me فإنّfor indeed كاسيmy cup
اللَه فيّ فإنّ كاسي
ملؤهاits contents بهواكthrough love of you علقَمbitter colocynth
ملؤها بهواك علقَم
For God's sake, spare me, for my cup
God is in me, so my cup
is filled with bitter colocynth through love of you.
Filled with your love is bitter
اللَهGod! (appeal) فيconcerning قلبيmy heart الكليمِthe wounded
اللَه في قلبي الكليمِ
فجرحهfor its wound الداميbleeding تسمّمhas become poisoned
فجرحه الدامي تسمّم
For God's sake, spare my wounded heart,
God in my miserable heart
for its bleeding wound has become poisoned.
So its bloody wound festered
وكتمتُand I concealed حبّكlove for you مرغماagainst my will
وكتمتُ حبّك مرغما
والحبّand love يقتلkills حينwhen يكتمis concealed
والحبّ يقتل حين يكتم
And I concealed my love for you against my will,
And I concealed your love perforce
and love kills when it is concealed.
Though concealed love kills when hidden
كيفhow السبيلُthe way إلىto الشكاةcomplaint
كيف السبيلُ إلى الشكاة
وكلand all منwho فيare in الحيّthe quarter لوّمare reproachful
وكل من في الحيّ لوّم
How can I find a way to complain,
How is the way to complain
when all who are in the quarter are quick to blame?
When all in the village blamed
اللَهGod أكبرis greatest كيفhow تصليburn in fire
اللَه أكبر كيف تصلي
شاعراًa poet مثليlike me جهنّمHell
شاعراً مثلي جهنّم
God is greatest! How can you burn
God is greatest, how can a poet
a poet like me, O Hell?
Like me prostrate in Hell
هيمانlove-maddened أعمىblind فيin هواكlove of you
هيمان أعمى في هواك
أصمّdeaf لاdoes not يصغيlisten وأبكَمand mute
أصمّ لا يصغي وأبكَم
love-maddened, blind in loving you,
Wandering blind in your love
deaf, unheeding, and mute,
Deaf not listening, muted
يطويhe passes اللياليthe nights ذاهلاًin a daze
يطوي الليالي ذاهلاً
متحسّراًsorrowing والناسand the people نوّمare asleep
متحسّراً والناس نوّم
passing the nights in a daze,
Spending nights confused
sorrowing while people sleep,
Full of regret as people sleep
متبرّمdiscontented بنهارهِwith his day
متبرّم بنهارهِ
قلقanxious إذاwhen ماever (emphatic) الليلُthe night خيّمencamps
قلق إذا ما الليلُ خيّم
discontented with his day,
Gloomy in his day
anxious whenever night pitches its tent;
Restless when night descends
قدhas جنّgone mad بينbetween فؤادهِhis heart
قد جنّ بين فؤادهِ
الملتاعtormented والأملand the hope المحطّمshattered
الملتاع والأمل المحطّم
he has gone mad between his heart—
In his heart gathered
tormented—and his shattered hope.
Temporary pleasure and shattered hopes
فتعالso come بادلهexchange with him الوداعfarewells
فتعال بادله الوداع
وعشand live قريرtranquil of العينeye واسلمand be safe
وعش قرير العين واسلم
So come, exchange farewells with him,
So come bid him farewell
and live with tranquil eyes, and be safe.
And live with delighted eyes and be safe