عذيرwho will excuse? الحيthe clan منof عدواʿAdwān (first part)
عذير الحي من عدوا
نʿAdwān (completion) كانواthey were حيّةserpent الأرضthe earth
ن كانوا حيّة الأرض
Who will excuse the clan of ʿAdwān?
They were the serpent of the earth.
بغىoppressed بعضهمsome of them بعضاothers
بغى بعضهم بعضا
فلمand did not يبقواshow mercy علىto بعضone another
فلم يبقوا على بعض
Some of them oppressed others,
and they showed one another no mercy.
فقدfor indeed صارواthey became أحاديثtales
فقد صاروا أحاديث
برفعwith raising القولthe voice والخفضand lowering
برفع القول والخفض
For they have become tales,
told in voices raised and lowered.
ومنهمand among them كانتwere الساداthe chiefs (first part)
ومنهم كانت السادا
تُthe chiefs (completion) والموفونand those faithful بالقرضin repaying debts
تُ والموفون بالقرض
Among them were the chiefs,
and those faithful in repaying debts.
ومنهمand among them منone who يجيزlets pass الناthe people (first part)
ومنهم من يجيز النا
سthe people (completion) بالسنةby custom والفرضand prescribed law
س بالسنة والفرض
Among them were those who let people pass,
according to custom and prescribed law.
ومنهمand among them حكمٌan arbiter يقضيhe judges
ومنهم حكمٌ يقضي
فلاso not ينقضis overturned ماwhat يقضيhe judges
فلا ينقض ما يقضي
Among them was an arbiter who judged,
and what he judged was not overturned.
وليسand is not المرءa man فيin شيءany part
وليس المرء في شيء
منof الأبرامmaking firm والنقضand undoing
من الأبرام والنقض
Yet man has no power
over making matters firm or undoing them.
إذاwhen أبرمhe made firm أمراa matter خاhe supposed it (first part)
إذا أبرم أمرا خا
لهhe supposed it (completion) يقضىwould be accomplished وماyet not يقضىis accomplished
له يقضى وما يقضى
When he settles a matter, he supposes
it will be accomplished—yet it is not.
يقولhe says اليومtoday أمضيهI shall carry it through
يقول اليوم أمضيه
ولاyet not يملكhe controls ماwhat يمضيcomes to pass
ولا يملك ما يمضي
He says, “Today I shall carry it through,”
yet he cannot control what comes to pass.
وهمand they منthose whom ولدواthey begot أشبواbred their like
وهم من ولدوا أشبوا
بسرّin the core of الحسبancestral nobility المحضpure
بسرّ الحسب المحض
And their offspring took after them,
in the very core of pure nobility.
وممّنand among those whom ولدواthey begot عامرʿĀmir
وممّن ولدوا عامر
ذوpossessor of الطولstature وذوand possessor of العرضbreadth
ذو الطول وذو العرض
Among those they begot was ʿĀmir,
possessed of stature and breadth.
وهمand they بوّواsettled ثقيفاًThaqīf داa home (first part)
وهم بوّوا ثقيفاً دا
رa home (completion) لاno ذلّhumiliation ولاnor خفضabasement
ر لا ذلّ ولا خفض
And they gave Thaqīf a home
without humiliation or abasement.
وأمرand the business of اليومtoday أصلحهُset it right
وأمر اليوم أصلحهُ
ولاand do not تعرضconcern yourself لماwith what يمضيpasses
ولا تعرض لما يمضي
And set today's business right,
and do not concern yourself with what passes.
فبيناfor while المرءa man فيin عيشa life
فبينا المرء في عيش
لهhe has منfrom عيشةa way of living خفضease
له من عيشة خفض
For while a man enjoys life,
with ease in his way of living,
جديدthe fresh garment العيشof life ملبوسٌworn
جديد العيش ملبوسٌ
وقدthough indeed يوشكit may soon أنto ينضىwear out
وقد يوشك أن ينضى
clad in life's fresh garment—
though it may soon wear out—
أتاهcame upon him طبقa calamity يوماone day
أتاه طبق يوما
علىon مزلقةٍslippery ground دحضtreacherously slick
على مزلقةٍ دحض
one day a calamity befalls him
on slippery, treacherous ground.
وهمand they كانواwere فلاso do not تكذبlie
وهم كانوا فلا تكذب
ذويpossessors of القوةstrength والنهضand vigor
ذوي القوة والنهض
And they were—so do not lie—
men of strength and vigor.
لهمtheirs كانتwere أعاليthe highlands of الأرthe earth (first part)
لهم كانت أعالي الأر
ضthe earth (completion) فالسرانthen al-Sarān فالعرضthen al-ʿArḍ
ض فالسران فالعرض
The earth's highlands were theirs,
then al-Sarān, then al-ʿArḍ,
إلىup to ماwhat حازهenclosed it الحزنthe rugged uplands
إلى ما حازه الحزن
فماand what أسهلlay on the plain للحمضfor saltbush
فما أسهل للحمض
to the land the rugged uplands enclosed,
and the low ground that grows saltbush,
إلىas far as الكفرينal-Kafrayn منof نخلNakhla (first part)
إلى الكفرين من نخل
هNakhla (completion) فالدّاءةthen al-Dāʾa فالمرضthen al-Maraḍ
ه فالدّاءة فالمرض
as far as al-Kafrayn of Nakhla,
then al-Dāʾa, then al-Maraḍ.
لهمtheirs كانwas جمامabundance of الماthe water (first part)
لهم كان جمام الما
ءthe water (completion) لاnot المزجىthe meager supply ولاnor البرضthe scant trickle
ء لا المزجى ولا البرض
The abundant water was theirs,
not the meager supply or the scant trickle.
فكانso were الناسthe people إذwhen همّواthey sought
فكان الناس إذ همّوا
بيُسرٍfor ease خاشعٍhumble مغضيwith eyes lowered
بيُسرٍ خاشعٍ مغضي
So the people, when they sought
ease, were humble and downcast.
تنادواthey called to one another ثمّthen سارواthey marched بwith
تنادوا ثمّ ساروا ب
رئيسa leader لهمof theirs مرضيapproved
رئيس لهم مرضي
They called to one another, then marched with
a leader of theirs whom they approved.
فمنso whoever ساجلهنcontended with them حرباin war
فمن ساجلهن حربا
ففيthen in الخيبةfailure والخفضand humiliation
ففي الخيبة والخفض
Whoever challenged them in war
met failure and humiliation.
وهمand they نالواthey attained علىdespite الشنآhatred (first part)
وهم نالوا على الشنآ
نhatred (completion) والشحناءand enmity والبُغضand loathing
ن والشحناء والبُغض
And they attained—despite hatred,
enmity, and loathing—
معاليlofty honors لمdid not ينلهاattain them الناthe people (first part)
معالي لم ينلها النا
سthe people (completion) فيin بسطprosperity ولاnor قبضhardship
س في بسط ولا قبض
heights no people had reached
in prosperity or hardship.