كمhow much قَدْرُextent ماwhat أُخفِيI conceal الهونhumiliation وأَصونُand safeguard
كم قَدْرُ ما أُخفِي الهون وأَصونُ
والدمعُand tears يُعْرِبexpress plainly والسَّقامand sickness يُبينُreveals
والدمعُ يُعْرِب والسَّقام يُبينُ
How far can I hide my humiliation and guard my honor,
How great is the extent of what I hide and guard,
while tears speak plainly and sickness reveals it?
As tears render eloquent and sickness reveals.
قدindeed كنتُI was مُعتضِداrelying for support بحبلon the rope of تجَلُّدىmy endurance
قد كنتُ مُعتضِدا بحبل تجَلُّدى
ألقَىI face بهwith it الأهوالَterrors وهْوwhile it is مَتينstrong
ألقَى به الأهوالَ وهْو مَتين
I once drew strength from the rope of my endurance,
I used to be supported by the rope of my patience,
facing terrors with it while it held firm.
With which I faced terrors, for it was firm.
وإذاand when الفتىthe young man عَبَثtoys الغرامُpassion بقلبهwith his heart
وإذا الفتى عَبَث الغرامُ بقلبه
فالصبرُthen patience is شكٌّdoubt والغرامُand passion is يَقينcertainty
فالصبرُ شكٌّ والغرامُ يَقين
And when passion toys with a young man's heart,
And if passion toys with the heart of a young man,
patience is doubt, and passion certainty.
Patience is doubtful, while passion is certain.
ياO قلبُheart كنتI used to أَدِلُّfeel confident منكfrom you بعزمةٍthrough resolve
يا قلبُ كنت أَدِلُّ منك بعزمةٍ
حتىuntil دَهَتْكoverwhelmed you سَوالفٌcheeks وعيونand eyes
حتى دَهَتْك سَوالفٌ وعيون
O heart, I once drew confidence from your resolve,
O heart, I used to think you firmer
until cheeks and eyes overwhelmed you.
Until conversations and eyes shook you.
فسَبَتْكso took you captive لَمْحةُa glimpse of شادنٍa young gazelle منfrom بُرْقُعٍa veil
فسَبَتْك لَمْحةُ شادنٍ من بُرْقُعٍ
وتَصرَّفتْand exercised sway بكover you فيthrough الفنونthe varied arts فنونvaried arts
وتَصرَّفتْ بك في الفنون فنون
A glimpse of a young gazelle behind a veil took you captive,
The glance of a fawn from a veil enchanted you
and varied arts worked upon you in varied ways.
And played with you in various ways.
ووفيتَand you kept faith ليwith me لماwhen صَحِبتُكI accompanied you فيin الوَغَىbattle
ووفيتَ لي لما صَحِبتُك في الوَغَى
فإذاbut when التمسْتُكI seek you بالسلوِّfor forgetting تَخُونyou betray
فإذا التمسْتُك بالسلوِّ تَخُون
You kept faith with me when I accompanied you in battle,
And you were loyal when I kept you company in love,
but when I ask you to forget, you betray me.
But if I seek you in sobriety, you betray.
إنindeed الهوىpassion لَهُوَtruly is الهوانُabasement وإنماand only اخstart of 'they shortened it'
إن الهوى لَهُوَ الهوانُ وإنما اخ
تصروهcompletion of 'they shortened it' تَخْفيفاfor ease فزالso fell away النونthe letter nūn
تصروه تَخْفيفا فزال النون
Passion is truly abasement; they merely
Passion itself is humiliation, though they
shortened it for ease, and the letter nūn fell away.
Made it lighter by omitting the N.
لاdo not تَغبِطنَّever envy أخاa companion of الغرامpassion فلوfor even if غَداhe became
لا تَغبِطنَّ أخا الغرام فلو غَدا
ملكَking of الملوكkings فقلبُهthen his heart is مسكينdestitute
ملكَ الملوك فقلبُه مسكين
Never envy a man of passion, for even if he became
Do not congratulate one whose passion rules,
king of kings, his heart would be destitute.
For if he became king of kings, his heart remains poor.
ياO صاحِfriend لاdo not يَغْرُرْكَlet deceive you ظبيٌa gazelle كانِسٌsheltering in its covert
يا صاحِ لا يَغْرُرْكَ ظبيٌ كانِسٌ
فالظبيfor the gazelle is لَيْثa lion والكِناسand the covert is عَرينa lion's den
فالظبي لَيْث والكِناس عَرين
O friend, do not let a gazelle in its covert deceive you:
O comrade, let no docile gazelle deceive you,
the gazelle is a lion, and its covert a lion's den.
For the gazelle is a wolf and the docile one a fox’s lair.
منof كلِّevery أَهيفَslender-waisted beauty ينثنِيbends لقَوامِهbefore his stature
من كلِّ أَهيفَ ينثنِي لقَوامِه
نَعمانُNu'man ثمthen لرِدْفِهbefore his hips يَبْرِينYabrin
نَعمانُ ثم لرِدْفِه يَبْرِين
Each a slender beauty, before whose stature
It bends its neck to every roar for its body,
Nu'man bends, then Yabrin before whose hips.
Na’man, then for its thigh, Bareen.
كالرمحِlike a spear قَدّاin stature غيرَexcept أنّthat سِنانَهhis spearhead
كالرمحِ قَدّا غيرَ أنّ سِنانَه
لَحْظٌa glance لهby it قلبُthe heart of الكَمِيِّthe armored warrior طعينis pierced
لَحْظٌ له قلبُ الكَمِيِّ طعين
Spear-like in stature, except that his spearhead
Like a spear, straight, except that its point
is a glance by which the armored warrior's heart is pierced.
Is a glance that pierces the heart of the reserved.
لاdo not تُقْدِمنَّever advance إذاwhen العيونُthe eyes تَعرضتْconfront you
لا تُقْدِمنَّ إذا العيونُ تَعرضتْ
فالسحرْfor sorcery is بينbetween جفونِهنtheir eyelids كَمينlying in ambush
فالسحرْ بين جفونِهن كَمين
Do not advance when those eyes confront you,
Do not go forth when eyes accost you,
for sorcery lies in ambush between their eyelids.
For magic lies hidden between their lids,
هيthey are مصرعُthe death-place of الألبابِminds تخدعdeceive ذاthe possessor of النُّهَىreason
هي مصرعُ الألبابِ تخدع ذا النُّهَى
فيروحso he departs وهْوwhile he is رَهينُهاtheir captive المفتونthe bewitched one
فيروح وهْو رَهينُها المفتون
They are where minds fall slain, deceiving the man of reason,
Destroying sane minds. They deceive the chaste
who departs as their bewitched captive.
So he goes while their captive, obsessed.
ياAh رُبَّmany a لائمةٍreproachful woman شَجاهاgrieved her أننيthat I
يا رُبَّ لائمةٍ شَجاها أنني
سَمْحٌam generous بماليwith my wealth والزمانُwhile the times are ضَنينstingy
سَمْحٌ بمالي والزمانُ ضَنين
Ah, many a reproachful woman was distressed that I
O Lord, a blamer whose severity
am generous with my wealth while the times are stingy.
Wounded me, though I am lenient and the times miserly.
قالتshe said أضعتَyou squandered المالَthe wealth هلis there لكfor you عنهin its place
قالت أضعتَ المالَ هل لك عنه
ماanything that تَعتْاضyou receive in exchange قلتُI said الحمدُpraise وهْوand it is ثمينprecious
ما تَعتْاض قلتُ الحمدُ وهْو ثمين
She said, 'You have squandered your wealth. Have you, in its place,
She said you have wasted wealth; do you have
anything to receive?' I said, 'Praise—and it is precious.'
Any compensation for it? I said, praise be to God, it is precious.
قالتshe said غنيتَyou were rich فقلتso I said حسبُكenough for you فاعلميso know
قالت غنيتَ فقلت حسبُك فاعلمي
أنthat البخيلthe miser بماwith what لهhe possesses المغبونis the cheated one
أن البخيل بما له المغبون
She said, 'You were rich.' I said, 'Enough! Know
She said you are rich. I said enough; know
that the one miserly with what he owns is the loser.'
That the miser is the one deprived of what he owns.
قالتshe said فإنbut indeed الفقرpoverty هُونis abasement قلتI said لمhas not
قالت فإن الفقر هُون قلت لم
يَهنِbeen abased الكريمُthe noble man بلrather اللئيمُthe base man يهونis abased
يَهنِ الكريمُ بل اللئيمُ يهون
She said, 'But poverty is abasement.' I said, 'The noble man has not
She said surely poverty is disgrace. I said the noble one is not
been abased; rather, the base man is abased.'
Debased; only the despicable is disgraced.
قالتshe said فإنbut indeed المالwealth نِعْمَexcellent is معونةُan aid to الthe
قالت فإن المال نِعْمَ معونةُ ال
إنسانِhuman being قلتُI said لهاto her الإلهُGod مُعينis the helper
إنسانِ قلتُ لها الإلهُ مُعين
She said, 'But wealth is an excellent aid to the
She said wealth is surely man’s helper.
human being.' I told her, 'God is the helper.'
I said God is my helper.
قالتshe said فإنbut indeed الوَفْرزيْنٌwealth is adornment قلتُI said كسstart of 'earning'
قالت فإن الوَفْرزيْنٌ قلتُ كس
بُcompletion of 'earning' الحمدِpraise يَرْفَعexalts أهلَهits possessors ويَزينand adorns
بُ الحمدِ يَرْفَع أهلَه ويَزين
She said, 'But wealth is adornment.' I said, 'Earning
She said excellent dirhams. I said earning
praise exalts its possessors and adorns them.'
Thanks uplifts its owner and adorns him,
والمالُand wealth يذهبpasses away والثناءُand praise مُخَلدis everlasting
والمالُ يذهب والثناءُ مُخَلد
يَحياlives بهthrough it الإنسانُthe human being وهْوwhile he is دَفينburied
يَحيا به الإنسانُ وهْو دَفين
And wealth passes away, while praise endures forever;
Wealth passes while praise endures,
through it a person lives, even when buried.
Reviving man even when buried.
ياO هذهyou, woman ماذاwhat أفادavailed بملكهthrough his kingship
يا هذه ماذا أفاد بملكه
فرعونُPharaoh أوor بثَرائهthrough his riches قارونQarun
فرعونُ أو بثَرائه قارون
O woman, what did his kingship avail
O you, what benefit did Pharaoh gain from his kingdom,
Pharaoh, or his riches avail Qarun?
Or Korah from his wealth?
قالتshe said فهلthen is there لكfor you منsomeone who يُعوِّضكrestores to you الغِنىwealth
قالت فهل لك من يُعوِّضك الغِنى
قلتI said الأجلُّthe most august السيدُlord المأمونal-Ma'mun
قلت الأجلُّ السيدُ المأمون
She said, 'Then have you someone who will restore your wealth?'
She said is there anyone to compensate your loss of riches?
I said, 'The most august lord, al-Ma'mun.'
I said the most Excellent Master provides.
مَلكٌa king لوِif اقتدتِfollowed the example البحارُthe seas بجودِهof his generosity
مَلكٌ لوِ اقتدتِ البحارُ بجودِه
لمwould not يَنْجُescape منfrom تيارِهنَّtheir currents سَفينships
لم يَنْجُ من تيارِهنَّ سَفين
A king—if the seas followed his generosity,
A king whose generosity if seas emulated,
no ships would escape their currents.
No ship would survive their currents, ever.
أَبداforever يُسابقraces ahead of جودُهhis generosity أنفاسَهhis breaths
أَبدا يُسابق جودُه أنفاسَه
بالمكرماتwith noble deeds فماso there is no لهنfor them سكونrest
بالمكرمات فما لهن سكون
His generosity forever races ahead of his breaths
His generosity races his breath
with noble deeds, and they are never still.
With bounties, which know no rest.
غمَرflooded البريةَcreation نائلاًwith bounty فكأنهas though he were
غمَر البريةَ نائلاً فكأنه
بجميعfor all أرزاقthe sustenance of العبادhumankind ضَمينa guarantor
بجميع أرزاق العباد ضَمين
He has flooded creation with bounty, as though
He flooded the land seeking beneficiaries, as if
he were guarantor of all mankind's sustenance.
Entrusted with provision for all people.
قاضِيjudge of القضاةthe judges ومنand whoever يُشيدextols بعدthereafter لهfor him
قاضِي القضاة ومن يُشيد بعد له
هاديguide of الدُّعاةِthe preachers ومنand whoever إليهto him يَدينowes allegiance
هادي الدُّعاةِ ومن إليه يَدين
Judge of judges, and of whoever thereafter extols him;
Judge of judges - who can praise him thereafter?
guide of preachers, and of whoever owes him allegiance.
Guide of preachers - to whom is obedience due?
نَصَحcounseled loyally الخلافةَthe caliphate فهْيso it is شاكرةthankful لهto him
نَصَح الخلافةَ فهْي شاكرة له
حَزْماfirmness تميدsways الأرضُthe earth وهْوwhile he is رزينsteady
حَزْما تميد الأرضُ وهْو رزين
He counseled the caliphate loyally, and it thanks him
He advised the caliphate wisely so it thanks him
for his firmness: the earth sways, while he stands steady.
For his wisdom that calms the earth while he is composed.
ساسmanaged الأمورَthe affairs لهاfor it برأيٍwith judgment صائبٍsound
ساس الأمورَ لها برأيٍ صائبٍ
إنْwhether كانthere was منهfrom him شَراسةٌseverity أوor لِينgentleness
إنْ كان منه شَراسةٌ أو لِين
He managed its affairs with sound judgment,
He steers its affairs with sound opinion
whether his manner was severity or gentleness.
Be it with severity or gentleness.
لاdoes not يخرجdepart التوفيقُsuccess عنfrom عَزماتِهhis resolves
لا يخرج التوفيقُ عن عَزماتِه
بلrather صاحبٌa companion وأخٌand a brother لهاto them ومُعينand a helper
بل صاحبٌ وأخٌ لها ومُعين
Success never departs from his resolves,
Success does not elude his resolutions;
but is their companion, brother, and helper.
Rather he is a companion, brother, and aide to it.
شَكرتْهthanked him حتىeven الطيرُthe birds فيin أوكارِهاtheir nests
شَكرتْه حتى الطيرُ في أوكارِها
فلهاso they have بطِيبِfor the sweetness of ثَنائِهpraise of him تَلْحينmelodious song
فلها بطِيبِ ثَنائِه تَلْحين
Even the birds in their nests have thanked him,
It thanked him until birds in their nests
singing melodies of sweet praise for him.
Trilled joyfully at his blessing.
للحربِin war والمِحْرابِand at the prayer niche منهfrom him مَواقفٌstands
للحربِ والمِحْرابِ منه مَواقفٌ
عَمِرتflourished بهاthrough them الدنياthe world وعزَّand grew mighty الدينthe faith
عَمِرت بها الدنيا وعزَّ الدين
In war and at the prayer niche he has taken stands
In war and worship he has heroic stands
through which the world has flourished and the faith grown mighty.
That adorned the world and strengthened faith.
للسيفِfor the sword والقلمِand the pen النحيفِthe slender one بكَفِّهin his palm
للسيفِ والقلمِ النحيفِ بكَفِّه
فعلٌa power يكونcome to be بهthrough it مُنىًfulfilled desires ومَنونand death
فعلٌ يكون به مُنىً ومَنون
The sword and slender pen in his palm
By his hand the sword and the slender pen have deeds
have a power that brings fulfilled desires and death.
That achieve purpose and confer boons.
نظرlooked الإِمامُthe Imam لهupon him بعينِwith an eye of حقيقةٍtruth
نظر الإِمامُ له بعينِ حقيقةٍ
لمdid not تَرْمِهاassail it بينamid الشكوكdoubts ظنونconjectures
لم تَرْمِها بين الشكوك ظنون
The Imam looked upon him with an eye for truth,
The Imam saw him with the eye of truth,
which no conjectures assailed amid doubts.
Not blurred for him by doubts.
فرآهso he saw him عيناan eye للزمانfor the age بصيرةًdiscerning
فرآه عينا للزمان بصيرةً
والناسُand people are هُدْبٌeyelashes حولهاaround it وجفونand eyelids
والناسُ هُدْبٌ حولها وجفون
And saw him as the age's discerning eye,
He saw him as the age’s insightful eyes
with people as lashes and eyelids around it.
While people are bats around them, blind.
لوif ضَلّتِwent astray الثَّقلانِhumans and jinn كانhe would remain علىon الهدىright guidance
لو ضَلّتِ الثَّقلانِ كان على الهدى
أوor خانbetrayed أهلُthe people of الأرضthe earth فهْوthen he is أمينtrustworthy
أو خان أهلُ الأرض فهْو أمين
If humans and jinn strayed, he would remain rightly guided;
Had the two weighty ones gone astray, he would be guided
or if earth's people proved treacherous, he would stay true.
Or if the earth’s people betrayed, he is trustee.
فرَعاهso he cherished him واسْتَرْعاهand entrusted him with سائرَall أمرِهhis affairs
فرَعاه واسْتَرْعاه سائرَ أمرِه
فكَفاهso he sufficed him معْalong with ماwhat كانhad been ماwhat سيكونwould be
فكَفاه معْ ما كان ما سيكون
So he cherished him and entrusted him with all his affairs,
So he cared for and protected him in all his affairs,
and he met his needs in what had been and what would come.
Sparing him what was and what will come.
إنْif هَمَّhe resolves فهْوthen he is جَنانُهhis heart أوor قالhe speaks فهْstart of 'then he'
إنْ هَمَّ فهْو جَنانُه أو قال فهْ
وcompletion of 'he' لسانُهhis tongue أوor صالhe attacks فهْوthen he is يَمينa right hand
و لسانُه أو صال فهْو يَمين
If he resolves, he is his heart; if he speaks,
If he becomes angry, it is his paradise, or speaks, his tongue,
he is his tongue; if he attacks, he is his right hand.
Or is loyal, it is his right hand.
وكَفاكand sufficient for you is منone whom يُثنِيspeaks praise عليهof him خليفةٌa caliph
وكَفاك من يُثنِي عليه خليفةٌ
أحدُone of الرواةِthe transmitters لمدحِهof his praise جِبرينJibrin (Gabriel)
أحدُ الرواةِ لمدحِه جِبرين
It is enough that he is praised by a caliph,
It suffices you that a caliph praises him,
one of the transmitters of whose praise is Jibrin.
One of the transmitters of his praise, like Gabriel.
أصبحتَyou have become سيفاa sword للخلافةِfor the caliphate حالياadorned
أصبحتَ سيفا للخلافةِ حاليا
حيثwhere ازدهىgloried بكin you عاتقٌa shoulder وجبينand a brow
حيث ازدهى بك عاتقٌ وجبين
You have become an adorned sword for the caliphate,
You have become the caliphate’s sword, protecting
where shoulder and brow alike glory in you.
Its authority, which shines with your effort.
فافخرْso take pride فأنتَfor you are وزيرُهاits vizier ومُشيرُهاand its counselor
فافخرْ فأنتَ وزيرُها ومُشيرُها
وأمينُهاand its trusted keeper وظَهيرهاand its supporter الميمونthe auspicious one
وأمينُها وظَهيرها الميمون
So take pride: you are its vizier and counselor,
So boast, for you are its minister and advisor,
and its trusted keeper and auspicious supporter.
Its trustee and backer, its blessed pillar.
غَرستْكit planted you فيamid النَّعَمِblessings الغزيرةِabundant ناشئاwhile young
غَرستْك في النَّعَمِ الغزيرةِ ناشئا
فتفرَّعتْso branched out لكfor you فيin العَلاءthe heights غصونbranches
فتفرَّعتْ لك في العَلاء غصون
It planted you, while young, amid abundant blessings,
It planted you in abundant bounty, thriving,
and branches spread for you in the heights of glory.
So branches flourished for you at the summit.
فجَنَتْso reaped لهاfor it منكfrom you التجاربُexperiences مُجْتَنىًa harvest
فجَنَتْ لها منك التجاربُ مُجْتَنىً
كلُّall الأَطايبِthe choicest delights حينwhen تُذْكَرare mentioned دونare inferior
كلُّ الأَطايبِ حين تُذْكَر دون
Then experience reaped from you for it a harvest
It harvested from you mature experiences,
beside which all choice delights, when named, fall short.
The finest perfumes when mentioned alone.
فتَهَنَّso enjoy عيدَthe festival of الفطرِbreaking the fast والسعدِand good fortune الذيthat
فتَهَنَّ عيدَ الفطرِ والسعدِ الذي
لكis yours فيهin it فهْوfor it is بكَوْنِهwith its existence مقرونbound
لك فيه فهْو بكَوْنِه مقرون
So enjoy Eid al-Fitr and the good fortune that
So it delighted in your feast of breaking fast and good fortune
is yours in it, for it is bound to the feast's very being.
Coupled with your existence.
قدindeed حَثَّهspurred it on شوقٌlonging لفضلكfor your excellence مُقِلقٌrestless
قد حَثَّه شوقٌ لفضلك مُقِلقٌ
ولهand it has إليكfor you صَبابةٌardent yearning وحنينand longing
وله إليك صَبابةٌ وحنين
Restless longing for your excellence has spurred it on,
Longing for your excellence anxiously stirred it
and it has ardent yearning and longing for you.
And it yearns for you and loves you.
لقدindeed كانwas هذاthis العيدُfestival شخصاa person ناطِقاspeaking
لقد كان هذا العيدُ شخصا ناطِقا
هَنَّىcongratulated بكon you الحُضّارthose present حينwhen تبينit appeared
هَنَّى بك الحُضّار حين تبين
Indeed, this feast was a speaking person,
This holiday was a personified being
who congratulated those present on you when it appeared.
Who congratulated you when it saw you clearly.
فاسلمْso remain safe لهfor it مُستقبِلاwelcoming ومُشيِّعاand bidding farewell
فاسلمْ له مُستقبِلا ومُشيِّعا
وقَدْرُكand your rank فيin العَلاءthe heights مكينis firmly established
وقَدْرُك في العَلاء مكين
May you remain safe to welcome it and bid it farewell,
So greet it, welcoming and bidding farewell,
and your rank remain firmly established on high,
As your station in the heights is firmly established.
والآمرُand al-Amir المنصورُal-Mansur يُوِليكbestows on you الذيthat which
والآمرُ المنصورُ يُوِليك الذي
يغتاظis enraged منهby it حسودُكyour envier المحزونthe sorrowful one
يغتاظ منه حسودُك المحزون
while al-Amir al-Mansur grants you what
And the Victorious Commander entrusts you, provoking
enrages your sorrowful envier.
Your envious enemies’ sorrow.