زارتshe visited فكانand so was بأمرby the command of اللهGod اسراهاher night journey
زارت فكان بأمر الله اسراها
غراءradiant مذsince خطرتshe appeared فالكلthen everyone أسراهاher captives
غراء مذ خطرت فالكل أسراها
She visited, and by God's command came her journey by night.
She came to visit, and by God's decree she was captivated
Radiant, she appeared, and all became her captives.
Since she first appeared, all have been captivated by her
خليلةfemale companion الوجدpassion قدindeed هامbecame lovesick الخليلal-Khalil بهاfor her
خليلة الوجد قد هام الخليل بها
وباتand spent the night منfrom ولهrapture بالنحوthrough grammar يهواهاhe loves her
وبات من وله بالنحو يهواها
A companion of passion: al-Khalil became lovesick for her.
The beloved of passion, the friend fell for her
And, out of rapture, spent the night loving her through grammar.
And spent the night craving her in his love
أحيتshe revived عروضprosody فوادthe heart of الصبthe ardent lover مذsince بسمتshe smiled
أحيت عروض فواد الصب مذ بسمت
ثغراwith her mouth وقامand rose ابنIbn بسامBassam لمحياهاbefore her face
ثغرا وقام ابن بسام لمحياها
She revived the prosody of the lover's heart when she smiled
She revived the hearts of the youths when she smiled
With her lips; and Ibn Bassam rose before her face.
Her mouth blossomed and Ibn Bassam stood up to greet her
ترويrecount شقائقanemones خديهاher two cheeks ممنعةwell-guarded
تروي شقائق خديها ممنعة
عنon the authority of ثابتThabit وعنand on the authority of النعمانal-Nu'man نعماهاher blessings
عن ثابت وعن النعمان نعماها
The anemones of her well-guarded cheeks recount,
The flowers on her cheeks give drink
On Thabit's and al-Nu'man's authority, her blessings.
To Thabit and al-Nu'man with her bounty
اربتshe surpassed علىover ابنIbn كثيرKathir فيin محاسنهاher charms
اربت على ابن كثير في محاسنها
حسناin beauty كثيراabundantly وعينand the eye of اللطفgrace ترعاهاwatches over her
حسنا كثيرا وعين اللطف ترعاها
She surpassed Ibn Kathir in her charms,
She surpassed Ibn Kathir in her beauty
In abundant beauty, while the eye of grace watched over her.
With abundant beauty, and the eye of affection gazes at her
بكرٌa maiden لمىdusky tint فمهاher mouth عذبsweet مراشفهits kissing lips
بكرٌ لمى فمها عذب مراشفه
صافيpure المودةaffection عندto الصبthe ardent lover اوفاهاmost faithful of them
صافي المودة عند الصب اوفاها
A maiden with dusky lips, her mouth sweet to kiss,
Bakr quenched his mouth with her sweet kiss
Pure in affection, most faithful to the lover.
Pure of affection toward the youth, loyal to him
لوif قابلencountered العامريal-'Amiri أسرارthe secrets of طلعتهاher appearance
لو قابل العامري أسرار طلعتها
لهامhe would become lovesick فيin بيتهاher house المعمورwell-peopled اوباهيor boasted
لهام في بيتها المعمور اوباهي
Had al-'Amiri encountered the secrets of her appearance,
If al-Amari witnessed the secrets of her rising
He would have wandered lovesick in her well-peopled house—or boasted.
He would be infatuated in her flourishing home
رشيقةgraceful اللفظin expression قدindeed جادتshe gave generously وقدand indeed سمحتshe gave freely
رشيقة اللفظ قد جادت وقد سمحت
منof البديعrhetorical embellishment بماwith what نالتهthey attained كفاهاher two hands
من البديع بما نالته كفاها
Graceful in expression, she gave generously and freely
Eloquent in speech, she was generous and lenient
Of rhetorical beauties, whatever her hands had attained.
With masterful rhetoric that availed her
شمسa sun تعبدهاworshipped her العبديّal-'Abdi مذsince بزغتshe rose
شمس تعبدها العبديّ مذ بزغت
يوماone day واغنتand made needless عنof المغنيal-Mughni; the singer بمغناهاwith her dwelling
يوما واغنت عن المغني بمغناها
A sun worshipped by al-'Abdi since she rose
A sun worshipped by al-Abdi since it rose
One day, and her dwelling made al-Mughni needless.
One day, and sufficed the singers with its melody
واستمطرتand summoned rain لؤلوءاpearls منfrom لؤلوءpearls وروىand recounted
واستمطرت لؤلوءا من لؤلوء وروى
عنon the authority of النسيمthe breeze غصنthe bough of البانthe ban-tree عطفاهاher two flanks
عن النسيم غصن البان عطفاها
She summoned a rain of pearls from pearls; and a tale was told
She drew pearls from pearls and was watered
Of her two flanks by the ban-tree bough, on the breeze's authority.
By the breeze, the boughs of frankincense in her grasp
كأنماas though القطرthe rain منfrom ترشافsipping ريقتهاher saliva
كأنما القطر من ترشاف ريقتها
تحييshe revives بمبسمهاwith her smiling mouth صباan ardent lover معنّاهاone tormented by her
تحيي بمبسمها صبا معنّاها
As though the rain came from sipping her saliva;
As if the rain were from the nectar of her saliva
With her smile she revives a lover tormented by her.
Reviving the youths with her smile and meaning
شهباءa gray-white one وافتshe arrived منfrom الشهباءal-Shahba' ترتعshe grazes فيin
شهباء وافت من الشهباء ترتع في
بردthe robe of الجمالbeauty فكانand so became القلبthe heart مرعاهاher pasture
برد الجمال فكان القلب مرعاها
A fair one arrived from al-Shahba', grazing in
Radiant, she came from radiance, strolling
The robe of beauty, and the heart became her pasture.
In the coolness of beauty, so hearts strayed to her
غرّbright مطالعهاher rising places زهرradiant مراتعهاher pastures
غرّ مطالعها زهر مراتعها
بينamong المضاربthe encampments منof عدنانAdnan مرباهاher upbringing
بين المضارب من عدنان مرباها
Bright are her rising places, radiant her pastures;
The flowering of her visage and her meadows were tempted
Among Adnan's encampments was her upbringing.
By her, between the camps of Adnan her upbringing
رقتshe grew tender كماas رقّgrew frail جسميmy body بالهوىwith love اسفاin sorrow
رقت كما رقّ جسمي بالهوى اسفا
لبعدbecause of the distance of منthe one who بلاليwith pearls نظمهاstrung her فاهاher mouth
لبعد من بلالي نظمها فاها
She grew tender, as my body grew frail with love and sorrow,
She softened just as my body softened with love
For the distance of him who strung her mouth with pearls.
Alas! Separated from Bilali who composed her verses
البارعthe accomplished الفاضلthe virtuous الموصوفthe much-praised سيدهاher master
البارع الفاضل الموصوف سيدها
ربlord of المفاخرglories منthe one who بالحسنwith beauty انشاهاfashioned her
رب المفاخر من بالحسن انشاها
Her master, accomplished, virtuous, much-praised,
The excellent and noble, her master
Lord of glories, who fashioned her with beauty.
Lord of the glories, author of her beauty
الجحدفunclear epithet السجلthe lavish giver بالألفاظwith words عنaway from زلهhis slip
الجحدف السجل بالألفاظ عن زله
ملكking of المعانيmeanings فاقصاهاand their farthest reaches وادناهاand their nearest reaches
ملك المعاني فاقصاها وادناها
The [unclear epithet], lavish with words, free from error,
The swift scribe, with words he depicts her absence of fault
King of meanings, the remotest and the nearest.
The king of meanings transcended and brought her near
بداappeared القريضpoetry اثيناunclear word منهfrom him فيin طربٍrapture
بدا القريض اثينا منه في طربٍ
لماwhen احتسىit drank منfrom كؤوسthe cups of الفضلexcellence اصفاهاtheir purest
لما احتسى من كؤوس الفضل اصفاها
Poetry emerged from him in rapture [one word unclear],
Al-Quraishi shone forth, intoxicated with joy
When it drank the purest of the cups of excellence.
From drinking deep of the cups of virtue
المشمعلthe eager hastener الىtoward الآدابletters وهيand they are لهfor him
المشمعل الى الآداب وهي له
عرناunclear word ويزرعand he sows فيin احكامthe firm ordering of مجراهاtheir course
عرنا ويزرع في احكام مجراها
He who hastens toward letters, which for him are
Al-Mushammal, knowledgeable in literature which
[Unclear word]; he sows along their well-ordered course.
Adorns him, and he cultivates with excellent verse
سباقforemost racer غاياتthe finish lines of نظمverse فالبروقthen the lightning bolts إذاwhen
سباق غايات نظم فالبروق إذا
جارتهthey raced him اوقفهاhe stopped them سيراin their course وأعياهاand exhausted them
جارته اوقفها سيرا وأعياها
First to the finish in verse; the lightning bolts, when
A predecessor of artistic expression's aspirations, when
They race him, he halts their course and exhausts them.
Lightning bolts vie with him, he stops them in their tracks
فيin النظمverse تصفوare sincerely devoted لهto him اهلthe people of القريضpoetry وكمand how many
في النظم تصفو له اهل القريض وكم
قلائدnecklaces منof لأليthe pearls of النثرprose وشأهاhe embroidered them
قلائد من لألي النثر وشأها
In verse, the poets show him devotion; and how many
In poetry, the words flow purely for him, and how many
Necklaces of prose-pearls has he embroidered!
Necklaces of prose and poetry’s pearls has he threaded!
تملكpossessed الروعthe heart منيwithin me حبهlove for him وبدتand appeared
تملك الروع مني حبه وبدت
بينbetween الجوانحthe ribs نارthe fire of الشوقlonging يصلاهاit burns in it
بين الجوانح نار الشوق يصلاها
Love for him possessed my heart, and there arose
Love of him captivates my soul, and the fire of longing appears
Between my ribs the fire of longing in which it burns.
Among my entrails, its flames burning
بحبهfor love of him ياO هواهlonging for him جدgrant generously بطرقwith a visitation of كرىsleep
بحبه يا هواه جد بطرق كرى
لعلperhaps بالطيفin a dream تلكthat الذاتperson نلقاهاwe meet her
لعل بالطيف تلك الذات نلقاها
For love of him, O longing for him, grant a visit from sleep,
For love of him, O my passion! Make efforts to journey
So that in a dream we may meet that very person.
That we may meet that being through a specter
ياO نسيمbreeze الصباthe east wind انif جزتyou pass مربعهhis dwelling
يا نسيم الصبا ان جزت مربعه
فخبريthen tell عنof صباباتيmy yearnings وشجواهاand their sorrow
فخبري عن صباباتي وشجواها
O east-wind breeze, if you pass his dwelling,
O breeze of the zephyr! When you pass by his abode
Then tell of my yearnings and their sorrow.
Inform me of my lovesick companions and their passions
وانand if ظفرتyou obtain بشيءsomething منof براعتهhis brilliance
وان ظفرت بشيء من براعته
فصافحيهاthen clasp her hand وحيينيand greet me برياهاwith her fragrance
فصافحيها وحييني برياها
And if you obtain something of his brilliance,
If you attain some of his eloquence
Then clasp it, and greet me with its fragrance.
Greet him, and convey my greetings in his courtyard
قدindeed كادalmost يتلفنيdestroys me شوقيmy yearning لطلعتهfor his face
قد كاد يتلفني شوقي لطلعته
لوif لمnot يكنwere فيin جنانthe gardens of القلبthe heart مأواهاits refuge
لو لم يكن في جنان القلب مأواها
My longing for his face almost destroyed me,
My craving for his beauty has nearly destroyed me
Had its refuge not been in the heart's gardens.
If not for my heart being its dwelling
سقيتmay you be watered ياO حلبAleppo الشهباءal-Shahba' غيثa rain of ندىbounty
سقيت يا حلب الشهباء غيث ندى
وجادكand showered you منfrom غواديthe morning clouds of البرkindness نداهاtheir dew
وجادك من غوادي البر نداها
May you be watered, O Aleppo al-Shahba', with a rain of bounty,
You quenched Halab, O radiance, with a rain of dew
And may the morning clouds of kindness lavish their dew upon you.
And it poured upon you from the valleys of abundant rain
شهباءgray-white مذsince بزغتshe rose خضراءgreen مذsince نشرتshe unfurled
شهباء مذ بزغت خضراء مذ نشرت
قعساءunassailable منبتthe growing place of زهرthe blossoms of العزglory صحراهاher desert
قعساء منبت زهر العز صحراها
Fair since she rose, green since she unfurled,
Radiant, flourishing since you rose, slender since you spread
Unassailable; her desert grows the blossoms of glory.
Brown-skinned, the bloom of mighty glory her plain
جليلةgreat القدرin stature ذاتendowed with الفخرpride معجبةinspiring wonder
جليلة القدر ذات الفخر معجبة
جلاcleared العيونthe eyes منof الاقذاءmotes مرآهاthe sight of her
جلا العيون من الاقذاء مرآها
Great in stature, endowed with pride, inspiring wonder,
Majestic, whose lineage is pride, a marvel
The sight of her cleared the eyes of motes.
Eyes dazzled by her, their pupils bedazzled
فاقتshe surpassed علىover كلevery مصرcity وهيand she is مشرقةradiant
فاقت على كل مصر وهي مشرقة
ثغراin mouth اضاshone وبنصرand through the aid of اللهGod منشاهاher origin
ثغرا اضا وبنصر الله منشاها
She surpassed every city, radiant,
She surpassed every land when she rose
Her mouth aglow, her origin through God's aid.
With a smiling mouth and God's victory her pillar
ياO سعدgood fortune of منthe one whose نظرتsaw عيناهhis two eyes روضتهاher garden
يا سعد من نظرت عيناه روضتها
ونزهand delighted الطرفthe gaze فيin فياحthe wide spaces of مغناهاher dwelling
ونزه الطرف في فياح مغناها
How fortunate the one whose eyes saw her garden,
Happy are they whose eyes gaze on her garden!
And delighted his gaze in the wide spaces of her dwelling.
Sight delighted in the fragrant melody of her song
حسناءa beauty غارتshe raided علىagainst الحورthe houris الحسانthe beautiful ضحىin the morning
حسناء غارت على الحور الحسان ضحى
فاستخلصتand so she took منfrom ثغورthe mouths of الغيدthe graceful maidens لألاهاher pearls
فاستخلصت من ثغور الغيد لألاها
A beauty who raided the lovely houris at morn,
A beauty who vied with the beautiful houris at dawn
And took her pearls from the mouths of graceful maidens.
And drew out from bud-like mouths their ornaments
انيindeed I am متميهاher enthralled lover انيindeed I am المشوقthe yearning one لهاfor her
اني متميها اني المشوق لها
انيindeed I am المعنىthe tormented one بهاby her انيindeed I am لمضناهاtruly her wasted lover
اني المعنى بها اني لمضناها
I am her enthralled lover; I am the one who longs for her;
It is I who rave about her, I who crave her
I am tormented by her; indeed, I am her wasted lover.
I who care for her, I who seek her meaning!
ياO صاحبيّmy two companions اطربانيdelight me, you two وانشداand recite, you two سحراat dawn
يا صاحبيّ اطرباني وانشدا سحرا
وعللاand soothe, you two الصبthe ardent lover منfrom وجدpassion بذكراهاwith remembrance of her
وعللا الصب من وجد بذكراها
O my two companions, delight me and recite at dawn,
My friends! Enchant me, recite magic
And soothe the lover's passion with remembrance of her.
And keep the youth occupied with mention of her
عذراءa maiden مدتshe stretched علىover كلall البلادthe lands يداa hand
عذراء مدت على كل البلاد يدا
مخضوبةhenna-stained الكفthe palm واشوقيoh, my yearning! لحنّاهاfor her henna
مخضوبة الكف واشوقي لحنّاها
A maiden who stretched a hand over every land,
A maiden who bestowed bounty on all lands
Her palm henna-stained—how I long for her henna!
Her palm bloodied, and I most covetous of her melody
فاضلاO virtuous one حلsettled فيin ساحاتهاher courtyards رغداin ease
فاضلا حل في ساحاتها رغدا
بشراكyour glad tidings فيin عزهاher glory اذsince فيكin you بشراهاher glad tidings
بشراك في عزها اذ فيك بشراها
O virtuous one, settled in her courtyards in ease,
Nobility has settled in her domain happily
Your glad tidings lie in her glory, as hers lie in you.
Congratulations! In her glory, good news for you
افتarrived (reading uncertain) رسالتكyour letter الغراءthe radiant تبسمsmiling عنto reveal
افت رسالتك الغراء تبسم عن
درpearls تضمنcontained نظماverse فيin ثناياهاher folds
در تضمن نظما في ثناياها
Your radiant letter arrived, smiling to reveal
Your brilliant letter brought a smile containing
Pearls containing verse within her folds.
Gems in its folds
مدتshe offered كؤوساcups باسماعthrough the ears of الورىmankind شربتwere drunk
مدت كؤوسا باسماع الورى شربت
فعطلتand so rendered idle كلevery خمرwine عندbeside صهباهاher golden wine
فعطلت كل خمر عند صهباها
She offered cups that were drunk through mankind's ears,
It handed cups around, the world heard
And left every wine idle beside her golden vintage.
Rendering all wine worthless next to her rapture
بيدتunclear word بياتهاher verses (reading uncertain) اللاتيwhich سمتrose high وبدتand appeared
بيدت بياتها اللاتي سمت وبدت
فكلناand so all of us قاصرfalling short عنof نيلattaining علياهاher heights
فكلنا قاصر عن نيل علياها
[Unclear opening] her verses, which rose high and appeared;
Her verses shone and appeared
And so we all fall short of attaining her heights.
While we all fall short of attaining her summit
ياO عست'Ast (uncertain reading) فتدانيand so drew low كلevery مرتفعlofty thing
يا عست فتداني كل مرتفع
لماwhen سماrose فيin سماthe sky of القرطاسthe page بدراهاher two full moons
لما سما في سما القرطاس بدراها
O 'Ast [uncertain reading], every lofty thing drew low,
O would that you ransom me from every high place
When her two full moons rose in the sky of the page.
When it ascended to the stars upon the paper of her full moon
فاقتshe surpassed علىover العربthe Arabs لماwhen اعربتshe spoke clearly وروواand they transmitted
فاقت على العرب لما اعربت ورووا
عنهاfrom her البلاغاتeloquent sayings لماwhen استنطقواthey made speak فاهاher mouth
عنها البلاغات لما استنطقوا فاها
She surpassed the Arabs when she spoke clearly, and they transmitted
She surpassed the Arabs when she spoke eloquently, and they transmitted
Eloquent sayings from her when they made her mouth speak.
Rhetorics from her when she opened her mouth
تفاخرvied in boasting البارعونthe accomplished الناظمونcomposers of verse بهاof her
تفاخر البارعون الناظمون بها
والكلand everyone يعجزis powerless عنto ادراكgrasp معناهاher meaning
والكل يعجز عن ادراك معناها
The accomplished poets vied in boasting of her,
The skilled composers boast of her
And all are powerless to grasp her meaning.
While all fall short of grasping her meaning
منيfrom me اليكto you لهاfor her اهديكI offer you جاريةa maiden
مني اليك لها اهديك جارية
مغضوضةlowered منbecause of قذاthe motes of النقصانimperfection عيناهاher two eyes
مغضوضة من قذا النقصان عيناها
In return for her, I offer you a maiden, from me to you,
From me to you, her gift I bestow upon you
Her eyes downcast because of the motes of imperfection.
A slave-girl cleansed of the filth of defects, her eyes
منfrom العديةal-'Adiyya قدماlong ago غرسthe planting of كرمتهاher vine
من العدية قدما غرس كرمتها
والآنand now فيin روضةthe garden of الفيحاءal-Fayha' سكناهاher dwelling
والآن في روضة الفيحاء سكناها
Her vine's planting came long ago from al-'Adiyya,
Formerly a gift, her generosity planted
And now her home is in the garden of al-Fayha'.
And now in the garden of delight her dwelling
فاسبلso let fall عليهاover her ذيولthe trailing hems of السترconcealment اذas خطرتshe appeared
فاسبل عليها ذيول الستر اذ خطرت
ترجوshe hopes for القبولacceptance ورفقاand gentleness عندduring مسراهاher night journey
ترجو القبول ورفقا عند مسراها
So drape her in the trailing hems of concealment as she appears,
So drape over her the trains of concealment, when she appeared
Hoping for acceptance and gentleness on her night journey.
Seeking acceptance and gentleness in her travel
هلcan ظالعa limping one مدركattaining يوماever علىdespite عجزweakness
هل ظالع مدرك يوما على عجز
شأوthe reach of الظليعthe strong one فعفوso pardon عندat مرماهاher aim
شأو الظليع فعفو عند مرماها
Can a limping one ever, despite weakness, attain
Can perception ever attain the incapacity
The strong one's reach? Then pardon her aim.
Of the deficient? Forgiveness lies in her aim
واسلمand remain safe ودمand endure فيin هناءhappiness غيرnot منتقلpassing away
واسلم ودم في هناء غير منتقل
ورتبةand a rank فوقabove مرقىthe ascent of الشهبthe bright stars مرقاهاits ascent
ورتبة فوق مرقى الشهب مرقاها
And remain safe, and endure in unchanging happiness,
Submit, and dwell in bliss unchanging
And a rank whose ascent is higher than the stars' ascent,
And rank atop the ascent of stars, her ascent
ماas long as قالsays حبكyour beloved عنfrom شوقyearning وعنand from ولهٍrapture
ما قال حبك عن شوق وعن ولهٍ
زارتshe visited وكانand was بنصرthrough the aid of اللهGod اسراهاher night journey
زارت وكان بنصر الله اسراها
As long as your beloved says, from longing and rapture:
She said, not speaking of longing and craving
She visited, and through God's aid came her journey by night.
"She came to visit, and by God's destiny she was captivated"