أقبلتshe came forth تنجلىrevealing herself وفيand on الخدthe cheek شامهa beauty mark
أقبلت تنجلى وفي الخد شامه
تستبيcaptivates كلeveryone منwho راهsaw it وشامهand beheld it
تستبي كل من راه وشامه
She came forth, unveiling herself, a mole upon her cheek,
You came radiant, with beauty-marks upon your cheek,
captivating everyone who saw and beheld it.
Alluring all who saw you or got a whiff of your scent.
بينbetween خطيa spear-like قامةstature وحسامٍand a sword
بين خطي قامة وحسامٍ
منfrom جفونeyelids أربتsurpassed علىbeyond الصمصامهthe keen sword
من جفون أربت على الصمصامه
Between a spear-like figure and a sword
Between the lines of your perfect form and slender sword,
from eyelids surpassing the keenest blade.
Were eyes that cast their glances on high over the eyelids.
زججتshe tapered حاجباًan eyebrow فأصبحand it became قوساًa bow
زججت حاجباً فأصبح قوساً
فأراشتthen she feathered للعاشقينfor lovers سهامهits arrows
فأراشت للعاشقين سهامه
She tapered an eyebrow until it became a bow,
You arched an eyebrow, so it became a bow,
then feathered its arrows for lovers.
With which you targeted the hearts of lovers.
وجلتand she unveiled مبسماًa smiling mouth تفيضoverflow جفونيmy eyelids
وجلت مبسماً تفيض جفوني
درّpearls دمعٍof tears إذاwhen رأيتI saw ابتسامهits smile
درّ دمعٍ إذا رأيت ابتسامه
She unveiled a smiling mouth; my eyes overflow
You revealed a smile that made my eyes overflow
with pearls of tears whenever I behold its smile.
With copious tears when I saw your grin.
أخجلput to shame الوردthe rose وجنتاهاher two cheeks فأضحىand it became
أخجل الورد وجنتاها فأضحى
ذاpossessed of احمرارٍredness مشققاًsplitting open أكمامهits calyxes
ذا احمرارٍ مشققاً أكمامه
Her cheeks shamed the rose, and it became
You shamed the rose and its gardens, so it turned
flushed red, bursting open its calyxes.
Crimson, with shredded petals around its skirt.
غازلتناshe flirted with us والحبwhile love فيناwithin us كمينٌlay hidden
غازلتنا والحب فينا كمينٌ
فأذاعتand she disclosed منfrom كلevery صبpassionate lover غرامهhis passion
فأذاعت من كل صب غرامه
She flirted with us while love lay hidden within us,
You flirted with us though love lay in ambush within us,
and brought each lover's passion into the open.
And so proclaimed the passion of every infatuated man.
لاعبplayed with الدلcoquetry عطفهاher figure باهتزازٍwith swaying
لاعب الدل عطفها باهتزازٍ
فأقامتand she raised علىupon الغصونthe branches القيامهthe Resurrection
فأقامت على الغصون القيامه
Coquetry played with her swaying figure,
The flirtatious one stroked with gentle tremors,
and she brought Resurrection upon the boughs.
Bringing the branches to rise in ovation.
جرّدتshe unsheathed أبيضاًa gleaming blade بأسودwith a dark جفنٍeyelid; sword-sheath
جرّدت أبيضاً بأسود جفنٍ
وغزتناand she assailed us ظلماًunjustly بأعدلwith the most upright قامهstature
وغزتنا ظلماً بأعدل قامه
She unsheathed a gleaming blade with a dark eyelid,
You bared a white complexion with the blackness of an eyelid,
and unjustly assailed us with the most upright stature.
And conquered us unjustly with your most virtuous form.
اسقمmade languid السحرmagic طرفهاher gaze فأعارتand she lent
اسقم السحر طرفها فأعارت
يومon the day بينٍof separation للعاشقينto lovers سقامهits sickness
يوم بينٍ للعاشقين سقامه
Magic made her gaze languid, and she lent
The magic of your eyes intoxicated, so you lent
its sickness to lovers on the day of parting.
A day of drunkenness to the lovers without wine.
منwho عذيريmy defender بظبيةagainst a gazelle وردthe roses خدّيهاof her two cheeks
من عذيري بظبية ورد خدّيها
لفتكof the deadly force العيونof the eyes أوsurest (split word) فيcompletion of 'surest' علامهsign
لفتك العيون أو في علامه
Who will defend me from a gazelle whose rosy cheeks
If I saw the fawn-like one, the rose cheeks or the mole,
are the surest sign of her eyes' deadly force?
Eyes would steal glances, though a sign of censure.
تسترقenslaves النهىreason برقةthrough slenderness خصرٍof a waist
تسترق النهى برقة خصرٍ
يستفزُّrouses الأشياخthe old men وهيthough she is غلامهa young girl
يستفزُّ الأشياخ وهي غلامه
She enslaves reason with a slender waist
You secretly commit forbidden acts with the softness of a waist
that rouses old men, though she is a young girl.
That entices elders even though you’re but a lad.
ياO خلياًone free of love أضحىhas begun يلومreproaching شجياًa heartbroken lover
يا خلياً أضحى يلوم شجياً
لستyou do not تدريknow الهوىlove فخلّso leave off الملامهblame
لست تدري الهوى فخلّ الملامه
O carefree man, now reproaching one heartbroken,
Oh companion, you’ve become one who blames the passion!
you do not know love, so leave off your blame.
You know not love, so cease your blaming.
ومحياand a face تحتbeneath اللثامthe veil هلالٌa crescent moon
ومحيا تحت اللثام هلالٌ
وهوand it is بدرٌa full moon إذاwhen أزاحتshe removed لثامهits veil
وهو بدرٌ إذا أزاحت لثامه
A face beneath its veil is a crescent moon,
Behind the veil lies a crescent moon,
and a full moon when she lifts its veil.
A full moon when you lift your covering.
لوif رأيتyou saw العيونthe eyes وهيwhile they are سكارىdrunk
لو رأيت العيون وهي سكارى
رحتyou would become ذاpossessed of سكرةٍintoxication بغيرwithout مدامهwine
رحت ذا سكرةٍ بغير مدامه
If you saw those eyes, drunk as they are,
If you saw those eyes intoxicated,
you would become intoxicated without wine.
You would walk away drunk without a cup.
أوor ترىyou see الفرقدthe Farqad star المنيرshining بصدرٍupon a breast
أو ترى الفرقد المنير بصدرٍ
سمحتyou freely gave بالنفسyour life ضمهembracing it والتثامهand kissing it
سمحت بالنفس ضمه والتثامه
Or if you saw the shining Farqad star upon a breast,
Or you’d see the shining upper chest
you would give your life to embrace and kiss it.
Allowed close, embracing it and pressing.
إنindeed للحبlove has لذةًa pleasure لمnot يذقهاtasted it
إن للحب لذةً لم يذقها
منone who تولىprevailed عليهover him حبُّlove of السلامهsafety
من تولى عليه حبُّ السلامه
Love has a pleasure never tasted
Love has a pleasure none have tasted
by anyone ruled by love of safety.
Who only befriend greetings of peace.
كيفhow أنسىI forget مهفهفاa slender youth جاءcame يهديto offer
كيف أنسى مهفهفا جاء يهدي
بلحاظٍthrough glances خوفfor fear الوشاةof tale-bearers سلامهhis greeting
بلحاظٍ خوف الوشاة سلامه
How can I forget a slender youth who came to offer
How can I forget the cooing pigeon who came to gift
his greeting through glances, for fear of tale-bearers?
Glances, fearing the spies, in peace?
عندميcrimson الخدcheeked عنfrom دميmy blood سلdrew out خضاباًdye
عندمي الخد عن دمي سل خضاباً
زادincreased حسناًbeauty بنانهhis fingertips وسلامهand his finger joints
زاد حسناً بنانه وسلامه
Crimson-cheeked, he drew dye from my blood
When my cheek borrowed hue from my blood,
that added beauty to his fingertips and finger joints.
It increased its beauty along with its peace.
منamong ظباءِthe gazelles of الأتراكthe Turks ظبيٌa gazelle رشيقٌgraceful
من ظباءِ الأتراك ظبيٌ رشيقٌ
فتنenchanted العربthe Arabs حينwhen هزhe swayed قوامهhis figure
فتن العرب حين هز قوامه
A graceful gazelle among the gazelles of the Turks,
Of the Turkish gazelles, a graceful gazelle
he enchanted the Arabs when he swayed his figure.
Who seduced the Arab when it swayed its body.
عجباًhow wondrous فيupon الجبينthe brow ليلٌnight وصبحٌand morning
عجباً في الجبين ليلٌ وصبحٌ
وكيفand how لاnot ينسخefface الصباحthe morning ظلامهits darkness
وكيف لا ينسخ الصباح ظلامه
How wondrous: night and morning upon the brow!
Strangely, its brow is a night and a dawn!
And how does morning not efface its darkness?
How can the dawn not erase its darkness?
ياO غزالاًgazelle غزاwho raided القلوبthe hearts بلحظٍwith a glance
يا غزالاً غزا القلوب بلحظٍ
عمركI adjure you اللَهby God قدindeed سلبتyou stole الكرىsleep مهdesist
عمرك اللَه قد سلبت الكرى مه
O gazelle who raided hearts with a glance,
Oh you who conquered hearts with a singleglance,
I adjure you by God: you have stolen sleep—desist!
May God extend your life, for you have captured souls.
جدbe generous بوصلٍwith union علىto الكريمthe generous one بنفسٍwith his life
جد بوصلٍ على الكريم بنفسٍ
لوif حالٍa plight حاشاكfar be it from you تأبىto refuse الكرامهgenerosity
لو حالٍ حاشاك تأبى الكرامه
Grant union to one generous with his life,
Strive to meet the generous one with a soul,
if [such is his] plight—far be it from you to refuse generosity.
Too noble are you to refuse nobility.
ماnot سلوتI forsook الهوىlove وحقُّand by the sanctity جمالٍof beauty
ما سلوت الهوى وحقُّ جمالٍ
فيكin you وافٍperfect وذيand this ابرُّtruest قسامهoath
فيك وافٍ وذي ابرُّ قسامه
I have not forsaken love, by the beauty
I asked not about passion though the beauty in you
perfect in you—and this is the truest oath.
Suffices, of the most righteous stature.
ياO ندامايَmy boon companions والزمانand time موافٍcoming round
يا ندامايَ والزمان موافٍ
ماno لدهرٍfor an age علىin keeping العهودthe covenants استقامهconstancy
ما لدهرٍ على العهود استقامه
O my boon companions, as time comes round,
Oh my regret, while times assist,
no age is constant in keeping its covenants.
Eras have no lasting covenants.
أينwhere عهدٌan era مضىpassed وعصرٌand an age تقضىended
أين عهدٌ مضى وعصرٌ تقضى
بينamong أسدthe lions الشرىof al-Shara وغزلانand the gazelles رامهof Rama
بين أسد الشرى وغزلان رامه
Where is that bygone time, that vanished age
Where is the bygone covenant and passing era
among the lions of al-Shara and the gazelles of Rama?
Between the lion of evil and the deer of aspirations?
لوif صحاsobered الدهرthe age منfrom سلافةthe choicest wine جودٍof generosity
لو صحا الدهر من سلافة جودٍ
شقَّit would tear أطواقهits collars بكىًwith weeping وندامهand remorse
شقَّ أطواقه بكىً وندامه
Were the age to sober from generosity's vintage,
If the age were to wake from the sublimity of its generosity,
it would tear its collars in weeping and remorse.
It would tear apart its shackles, weeping and regretting.
كيفhow يصحوcan it sober وبأقلand Baqil صارbecame قسّاQuss
كيف يصحو وبأقل صار قسّا
وغداand now ماMa- (in Madir) درٌ-dir (in Madir) يعيبfinds fault with ابنIbn; son of مامهMama
وغدا ما درٌ يعيب ابن مامه
How can it sober, when Baqil has become Quss,
How can it wake when at worst it has hardened
and Madir now finds fault with Ibn Mama?
And become less generous than a maternal uncle’s son?
وادّعتand claimed بالجمالbeauty كلevery لكاعٍbase woman
وادّعت بالجمال كل لكاعٍ
وتوارتand hid away بثينةٌButhayna وأمامهand Umama
وتوارت بثينةٌ وأمامه
Every base woman has laid claim to beauty,
Every ugly woman has claimed beauty,
while Buthayna and Umama have hidden away.
As perfection retreated along with its guide.
وعنand about الوردthe rose قيلit was said هذاthis قثاءٌa cucumber
وعن الورد قيل هذا قثاءٌ
وعنand about البدرthe full moon قيلit was said هذيthis قلامهa nail clipping
وعن البدر قيل هذي قلامه
Of the rose it was said, 'This is a cucumber,'
And it was said of the rose, “This is rubbish,”
and of the full moon, 'This is a nail clipping.'
And said of the moon, “This is but a crust.”
قدّرdecreed اللَهGod انthat يجودshould give generously زمانٌan age
قدّر اللَه ان يجود زمانٌ
لمnot ينلattained فيهin it ذوone possessing الكمالexcellence مرامهhis aim
لم ينل فيه ذو الكمال مرامه
God decreed that an age should give generously,
May God decree that an era be generous
in which the man of merit did not attain his aim.
Where the perfect cannot attain their hopes.
حسدenvied الفاضلthe worthy man مثلماjust as حسدenvied الدريّthe shining star
حسد الفاضل مثلما حسد الدريّ
منثورthe prose of فارسFaris ونظامهand his verse
منثور فارس ونظامه
It envied the worthy man, just as the shining star envied
The elite are envied just like the precious pearl
Faris's prose and verse.
Scattered on the necks of steeds and their reins.
شاعرٌa poet يخجلputs to shame الفرزدقal-Farazdaq شعراًin poetry
شاعرٌ يخجل الفرزدق شعراً
وبليغand an eloquent writer ينسيكmakes you forget ذكرmention of قدامهQudama
وبليغ ينسيك ذكر قدامه
A poet whose poetry puts al-Farazdaq to shame,
A poet who shames Al-Farazdaq in his poetry
and an eloquent writer who makes you forget Qudama.
And an eloquent man who makes you forget Al-Qadami.
قدindeed أتىhe brought بالبديعrhetorical artistry تحتbeneath قوافٍrhymes
قد أتى بالبديع تحت قوافٍ
حصنتهاfortified them منof البلاغةeloquence لامهarmor
حصنتها من البلاغة لامه
He has brought rhetorical marvels beneath rhymes
He has come with literary ingenuity in rhymes
fortified by armor wrought of eloquence,
Fortified against the blows of eloquence with its protections.
بمعانٍwith meanings مخدراتٍlike secluded maidens جمانٍlike pearls
بمعانٍ مخدراتٍ جمانٍ
كلevery عشرten يشرقنthey shine منfrom تحتbeneath ذامهhis veil (uncertain reading)
كل عشر يشرقن من تحت ذامه
with meanings like secluded maidens, like pearls,
With gentle, beautiful, intoxicating meanings,
each ten shining from beneath his [veil?].
Each line shining from beneath its cover.
فارسFaris إنif نضاhe unsheathed اليراعthe reed pen لنظمٍfor composing verse
فارس إن نضا اليراع لنظمٍ
أخجلput to shame الفارسthe knight المجيدaccomplished حسامهhis sword
أخجل الفارس المجيد حسامه
Faris, when he unsheathes the reed pen for verse,
A horseman, if the steed neighs for those poems,
his blade puts the accomplished knight to shame.
Shames the noble horsemen and their swords.
لستyou do not تدريknow أذاكwhether that is سحرmagic بيانof eloquence
لست تدري أذاك سحر بيان
أمor سلافchoice wine إذاwhen تلوتyou recite كلامهhis words
أم سلاف إذا تلوت كلامه
You cannot tell whether that is eloquence's magic
You know not whether that is magic of rhetoric
or choice wine when you recite his words.
Or sublimity when reciting his words.
المعيّbrilliant أخوpossessed of الذكاءِintelligence أديبa man of letters
المعيّ أخو الذكاءِ أديب
لوذعيٌّkeen-witted بلrather فاضلٌa man of merit علّامهa great scholar
لوذعيٌّ بل فاضلٌ علّامه
Brilliant, gifted with intelligence, a man of letters,
The inspired one, twin of brilliance, a literate man,
keen-witted—rather, a man of merit, a great scholar.
Though accused, he is virtuous, an erudite scholar.
مشرقاتradiant الألفاظutterances أطلعنbrought forth دراًpearls
مشرقات الألفاظ أطلعن دراً
حينwhen جاءَتcame سطيعةًresplendent أقلامهhis pens
حين جاءَت سطيعةً أقلامه
Radiant utterances brought forth pearls
The stars of his words rose shining pearls
when his pens came forth resplendent.
When they came smoothly flowing from his pen.
قدindeed أتانيreached me منهfrom him كتابa letter فاشفىand relieved
قد أتاني منه كتاب فاشفى
منfrom فؤاديmy heart غليلهits burning longing وأوامهand its thirst
من فؤادي غليله وأوامه
A letter from him reached me and relieved
A letter has come to me from him that healed
my heart of its burning longing and thirst.
The anguish of my heart and its afflictions.
كلevery صبّpassionate lover يرىsees كتابa letter from حبيبa beloved
كل صبّ يرى كتاب حبيب
بعدafter بعدseparation كأنّهas though he شامbeheld لامهhis veil (uncertain reading)
بعد بعد كأنّه شام لامه
Every lover who sees a letter from a beloved
Every lover sees the letter of the beloved,
after separation is as though he had glimpsed his [veil?].
From afar, as though it were a mark of union.
ياO خليلاfriend أهديI present إلىto الصبthe lovesick one خوداًa tender maiden
يا خليلا أهدي إلى الصب خوداً
بنتdaughter نظمof verse غراءradiant ذاتpossessing سامهa vein of gold
بنت نظم غراء ذات سامه
O friend, I offer the lovesick one a tender maiden,
Oh friend, gift to the lover a cheek
a radiant daughter of verse, with a vein of gold.
Built by excellent, lofty poems.
تتجلىreveals herself بالبديعthrough rhetorical artistry حسناًin beauty فيصبوand so yearns نحوهاtowards her
تتجلى بالبديع حسناً فيصبو نحوها
كلevery عالمscholar فهامهdeeply understanding
كل عالم فهامه
She shines with rhetorical beauty, and towards her yearns
She appears beautiful through literary devices,
every scholar of deep understanding.
So every wise soul inclines toward her.
عمركI adjure you اللَهby God قدindeed أتيتyou came بدرٍwith pearls
عمرك اللَه قد أتيت بدرٍ
يقومstands الكلامspeech نظماًas verse مقامهin its place
يقوم الكلام نظماً مقامه
I adjure you by God: you have brought pearls,
May God grant you long life, for you have come with a full moon,
with words arranged as verse standing in their place.
Before which speech stands in place of its station.
إنindeed دهراan age شكوتهyou complained of it هوit is دهرٌan age
إن دهرا شكوته هو دهرٌ
ليسdoes not يدريfathom كرامهKarama اسقامهits maladies
ليس يدري كرامه اسقامه
The age you complained of is indeed an age
If I complained of fate, it is a fate
whose maladies Karama cannot fathom.
That knows not the difference of generosity or affliction.
أخذadopted الغدرtreachery شيمةas a habit فحلاهand its adornment
أخذ الغدر شيمة فحلاه
إنthat نراهwe see it مخاصماًopposing أعلامهits leading lights
إن نراه مخاصماً أعلامه
It took treachery as its habit; its adornment
Betrayal has taken its trait, so imagine it
is that we see it opposing its leading lights.
An enemy even if its flags are high.
ساءَbecame vile طبعاًin nature حتىeven علىagainst ذاتهitself جارacted unjustly
ساءَ طبعاً حتى على ذاته جار
فأعطىand gave كفthe hand الزوالof decay دوامهits permanence
فأعطى كف الزوال دوامه
Its nature grew so vile that it wronged even itself,
Ill-natured, so it acts as an adversary against itself,
and gave its permanence to the hand of decay.
Giving the palm of decline permanence.
كنbe سليماًwell فإنfor indeed منHe who فطرcreated الناthe people (first part)
كن سليماً فإن من فطر النا
سcompletion of 'people' مفيضpouring forth فيamong خلقهHis creatures أنعامهHis blessings
س مفيض في خلقه أنعامه
Be well, for He who created humanity
Be well, for He who created mankind
pours His blessings upon His creatures.
Is abundant in His creation and His blessings.
وعدand promise النفسyour soul إنthat سيأتيwill come زمانٌan age
وعد النفس إن سيأتي زمانٌ
تحسدwill envy الروضthe gardens بهجةthe splendor أيامهof its days
تحسد الروض بهجة أيامه
And promise your soul that an age will come
And promise yourself that an era will come
whose days' splendor the gardens will envy.
That makes the garden envious of its days.
هذهthis غادةa graceful maiden أتتكcame to you بحسنٍwith beauty
هذه غادة أتتك بحسنٍ
يسترقenslaves الغلامthe youth حسناin beauty أمامهbefore him
يسترق الغلام حسنا أمامه
This is a maiden who has come to you in beauty,
This is Ghadah who came to you with a beauty
enslaving the youth by the loveliness before him.
That steals away the beauty of lads before it.
بنتdaughter نظمof verse قدindeed زانهadorned it منكfrom you فضلٌexcellence
بنت نظم قد زانه منك فضلٌ
عمencompassed بالحسنwith beauty بدأهits beginning وختامهand its ending
عم بالحسن بدأه وختامه
A daughter of verse, adorned by your excellence,
A poem you have adorned with your generosity
which filled its beginning and ending with beauty.
Which perfumed its beginning and end with beauty.