قَدalready بَكَرَتcame early عاذِلَتيmy reproaching woman بُكرَةًat daybreak
قَد بَكَرَت عاذِلَتي بُكرَةً
تَزعُمُclaims أَنّيthat I am بِالصِباfor youthful folly مُشتَهِرnotorious
تَزعُمُ أَنّي بِالصِبا مُشتَهِر
My reproaching woman came early at daybreak,
claiming that I am notorious for youthful folly.
وَإِنَّماand only العَيشُlife بِرُبّانِهِin its prime
وَإِنَّما العَيشُ بِرُبّانِهِ
وَأَنتَand you مِنamong أَفنانِهِits branches مُقتَفِرa seeker
وَأَنتَ مِن أَفنانِهِ مُقتَفِر
Life is only fully lived in its prime,
and you seek out its varied branches:
مِنfrom طارِقٍa night visitor يَأتيcomes عَلىunder خِمرَةٍcover
مِن طارِقٍ يَأتي عَلى خِمرَةٍ
أَوor حِسبَةٍa meritorious deed تَنفَعُbenefits مَنwhoever يَعتَبِرtakes heed
أَو حِسبَةٍ تَنفَعُ مَن يَعتَبِر
a night visitor who comes under cover,
or a worthy deed benefiting whoever takes heed.
بَلrather وَدَعينيand leave me طَفلُO tender girl أَنّيthat I am بَكُرan early riser
بَل وَدَعيني طَفلُ أَنّي بَكُر
فَقَدfor already دَناhas drawn near الصُبحُdawn فَماso what أَنتَظِرam I awaiting
فَقَد دَنا الصُبحُ فَما أَنتَظِر
Rather, leave me, tender girl; I am an early riser.
Dawn has drawn near; so what am I awaiting—
أَنthat تَغضَبَgrow angry الكَأسُthe cup لِماbecause قَدalready أَنتَhas reached its time
أَن تَغضَبَ الكَأسُ لِما قَد أَنتَ
إِنَّindeed أَناةَdelay الكَأسِof the cup شَيءٌa thing نَكِرunseemly
إِنَّ أَناةَ الكَأسِ شَيءٌ نَكِر
the cup's anger, now that its time has come?
Keeping the cup waiting is indeed unseemly.
أَوor تَبعَثَrouse الناقَةَthe she-camel أَهوالُهاher terrors
أَو تَبعَثَ الناقَةَ أَهوالُها
تَجُرُّshe drags مِنof أَحبُلِهاher ropes ماwhatever تَجُرُّshe drags
تَجُرُّ مِن أَحبُلِها ما تَجُرُّ
Or the she-camel being roused by her terrors,
dragging whatever she drags of her ropes,
أَوor يُصبِحَbecomes الرَحلُthe saddle لَناfor us آيَةًa sign
أَو يُصبِحَ الرَحلُ لَنا آيَةً
لاnot يَعذِرُexcuse الناسُpeople بِماfor what نَعتَذِرwe plead as excuses
لا يَعذِرُ الناسُ بِما نَعتَذِر
or the saddle becoming a sign for us?
People do not accept the excuses we offer.
إِنَّindeed القَيسِal-Qays عَلىin عَهدِهِhis time
إِنَّ القَيسِ عَلى عَهدِهِ
فيin إِرثِthe inheritance ماwhat كانَhad بَناهُhe built it حُجُرHujr
في إِرثِ ما كانَ بَناهُ حُجُر
Indeed, al-Qays, in his own time,
heir to what Hujr had built—
بَنَّتfastened عَلَيهِover him المُلكَkingship أَطنابَهاits tent ropes
بَنَّت عَلَيهِ المُلكَ أَطنابَها
كَأسٌa cup رَنَوناةٌever-flowing وَطِرفٌand a steed طِمِرswift and bounding
كَأسٌ رَنَوناةٌ وَطِرفٌ طِمِر
over his kingship they fastened their tent ropes:
an ever-flowing cup and a swift, bounding steed.
يَلهوhe dallies بِهِندٍwith Hind فَوقَupon أَنماطِهاher patterned rugs
يَلهو بِهِندٍ فَوقَ أَنماطِها
وَفَرتَنىand Fartana تَعدوruns إِلَيهِto him وَهِرand Hirr
وَفَرتَنى تَعدو إِلَيهِ وَهِر
He dallied with Hind upon her patterned rugs,
while Fartana ran to him, and Hirr.
حَتّىuntil أَتَتهُcame to him فَياقٌa calamity طافِحٌoverflowing
حَتّى أَتَتهُ فَياقٌ طافِحٌ
لاnot تَتَّقيfears الزَجرَrebuke وَلاand not تَنزَجِرis restrained
لا تَتَّقي الزَجرَ وَلا تَنزَجِر
Until an overflowing calamity overtook him,
which feared no rebuke and would not be restrained.
لَمّاwhen رَأىhe saw يَوماًa day لَهُit had هَبوَةٌa dust cloud
لَمّا رَأى يَوماً لَهُ هَبوَةٌ
مُرّاًbitter عَبوساًscowling شَرُّهُits evil مُقمَطِرfierce
مُرّاً عَبوساً شَرُّهُ مُقمَطِر
When he saw a day shrouded in dust,
bitter and scowling, its evil fierce,
أَدّىdelivered إِلىto هِندٍHind تَحِيّاتِهاher salutations
أَدّى إِلى هِندٍ تَحِيّاتِها
وَقالَand he said هَذاthis مِنof وَداعيmy farewell دُبُرthe final part
وَقالَ هَذا مِن وَداعي دُبُر
he paid Hind her due salutations,
and said, 'This is the last of my farewells.'
إِنَّindeed الفَتىa young man يُقتِرُgrows poor بَعدَafter الغِنىwealth
إِنَّ الفَتى يُقتِرُ بَعدَ الغِنى
وَيَغتَنيand grows wealthy مِنfrom بَعدِafter ماthe fact that يَفتَقِرhe becomes poor
وَيَغتَني مِن بَعدِ ما يَفتَقِر
Indeed, a man grows poor after wealth,
and grows wealthy after having been poor.
وَالحَيُّand the living كَالمَيتِlike the dead وَيَبقىand remains التُقىpiety
وَالحَيُّ كَالمَيتِ وَيَبقى التُقى
وَالعَيشُand life فَنّانِtwo kinds فَحُلوٌso sweet وَمُرand bitter
وَالعَيشُ فَنّانِ فَحُلوٌ وَمُر
The living are like the dead; piety remains,
and life has two forms: sweet and bitter,
إِمّاeither عَلىagainst نَفسيmy soul وَإِمّاor else لَهاin its favor
إِمّا عَلى نَفسي وَإِمّا لَها
فَعايِشِso live with النَفسَthe soul وَفيماand amid what وَتَرcaused loss
فَعايِشِ النَفسَ وَفيما وَتَر
either against my soul or in its favor.
So live with your soul, amid whatever has caused loss.
هَلwill يُهلِكَنّيdestroy me بِسطُspending ماwhat فيin يَديmy hand
هَل يُهلِكَنّي بِسطُ ما في يَدي
أَوor يُخلِدَنّيmake me immortal مَنعُwithholding ماwhat أَدَّخِرI hoard
أَو يُخلِدَنّي مَنعُ ما أَدَّخِر
Will spending what is in my hands destroy me,
or withholding what I hoard make me immortal?
أَوor يَنسَأَنsurely postpone يَوميmy day إِلىto غَيرِهِanother
أَو يَنسَأَن يَومي إِلى غَيرِهِ
أَنّيthat I am حَوالِيٌّresourceful وَأَنّيand that I am حَذِرcautious
أَنّي حَوالِيٌّ وَأَنّي حَذِر
Or will my day be postponed to another
because I am resourceful and cautious?
وَلَنand never تَرىwill you see مِثلِيَsomeone like me ذاpossessing شَيبَةٍgray hair
وَلَن تَرى مِثلِيَ ذا شَيبَةٍ
أَعلَمَmore knowing ماwhat يَنفَعُbenefits مَمّاfrom what يَضُرharms
أَعلَمَ ما يَنفَعُ مَمّا يَضُر
You will not find a gray-haired man like me
who better distinguishes what helps from what harms.
كَمhow many دونَbefore reaching لَيلىLayla مِنof تَنوفِيَّةٍbarren wastes
كَم دونَ لَيلى مِن تَنوفِيَّةٍ
لَمّاعَةٍshimmering تُنذِرُwarn فيهاin it النُذُرthe warning signs
لَمّاعَةٍ تُنذِرُ فيها النُذُر
How many barren wastes lie between me and Layla,
shimmering, where warning signs sound their warnings!
يُهِلُّraises a cry بِالفَرقَدِto the Farqad star رُكبانُهاits riders
يُهِلُّ بِالفَرقَدِ رُكبانُها
كَماas يُهِلُّraises a cry الراكِبُthe rider المُعتَمِرthe umrah pilgrim
كَما يُهِلُّ الراكِبُ المُعتَمِر
Their riders raise cries to the Farqad star,
as a mounted umrah pilgrim raises his cry.
يَظَلُّspends the day بِالعَضرَسِon the adras plant حِرباؤُهاits chameleon
يَظَلُّ بِالعَضرَسِ حِرباؤُها
كَأَنَّهُas if it were قَرمٌa breeding camel مُسامِvying for mastery أَشِرexuberant
كَأَنَّهُ قَرمٌ مُسامِ أَشِر
Their chameleon spends the day on the adras plant,
like an exuberant camel stallion vying for mastery.
كَأَنَّماas though المُكّاءُthe whistling lark فيin بيدِهاits deserts
كَأَنَّما المُكّاءُ في بيدِها
سُرادِقٌa saradiq hawk قَدalready أَوفَدَتهُraised it الأُصُرthe tethers
سُرادِقٌ قَد أَوفَدَتهُ الأُصُر
The whistling lark amid their wastes seems
a saradiq hawk, sprung upward by its tethers.
لاnot تُفزِعُfrighten الأَرنَبَthe hare أَهوالُهاits terrors
لا تُفزِعُ الأَرنَبَ أَهوالُها
وَلاand not تَرىyou see الضَبَّthe spiny-tailed lizard بِهاin it يَنجَحِرenter its burrow
وَلا تَرى الضَبَّ بِها يَنجَحِر
Their terrors do not frighten the hare,
nor do you see a spiny-tailed lizard burrow there.
تَرعىgrazes القَطاةُthe sandgrouse الخِمسَthe five-day interval قَفورَهاits barren tracts
تَرعى القَطاةُ الخِمسَ قَفورَها
ثُمَّthen تَعُرُّvisits الماءَthe water فيمَنamong those who يَعُرُّvisit
ثُمَّ تَعُرُّ الماءَ فيمَن يَعُرُّ
The sandgrouse feeds on their barren tracts for five days,
then visits the water among the other visitors.
حَتّىuntil إِذاwhen ماemphatic particle حَبَّبَتdrank in small sips رَيَّةًa full draught
حَتّى إِذا ما حَبَّبَت رَيَّةً
وَاِنكَدَرَتand swooped يَهويplunges بِهاwith her ماwhatever تَمُرُّshe passes
وَاِنكَدَرَت يَهوي بِها ما تَمُرُّ
Until, when she had drunk her fill sip by sip,
and swooped, all she passed hurtled along with her,
صَهصَلَقُshrill الصَوتِof voice إِذاwhen ماemphatic particle غَدَتshe sets out
صَهصَلَقُ الصَوتِ إِذا ما غَدَت
لَمnot يَطمَعِhoped الصَقرُthe falcon بِهاto catch her المُنكَدِرswooping
لَم يَطمَعِ الصَقرُ بِها المُنكَدِر
shrill-voiced whenever she set out,
the diving falcon had no hope of catching her.
أَيقَظتُawakened أَزمَلُهاher clamor فَاِستَوىso he straightened up
أَيقَظتُ أَزمَلُها فَاِستَوى
مُصَعصَعُshaky الرَأسِof head شَخيتٌfrail قَفِرbare
مُصَعصَعُ الرَأسِ شَخيتٌ قَفِر
Her clamor woke him, and he straightened up—
his head trembling, frail and bare,
تُروىis given drink لَقىًa castoff أُلقِيَwas thrown فيon صَفصَفٍa level plain
تُروى لَقىً أُلقِيَ في صَفصَفٍ
تَصهَرُهُsears him الشَمسُthe sun فَماyet not يَنصَهِرhe melts
تَصهَرُهُ الشَمسُ فَما يَنصَهِر
a castoff given drink, thrown upon a level plain,
the sun searing him, though he would not melt;
مُطلَنفِثاًsprawled لَونُthe color الحَصىof pebbles لَونُهُhis color
مُطلَنفِثاً لَونُ الحَصى لَونُهُ
يَحجُزُkeeps away عَنهُfrom him الذَرَّtiny ants ريشٌfeathers زَمِرscant
يَحجُزُ عَنهُ الذَرَّ ريشٌ زَمِر
sprawled, his color the color of the pebbles,
scant feathers keeping the tiny ants off him,
أَطلَسَgray-dun ماwhere لَمnot يَبدُshows مِنof جَلدِهِhis skin
أَطلَسَ ما لَم يَبدُ مِن جَلدِهِ
وَبِالذنابىand with the tail feathers شائِلٌraised مُقمَطِرtightly drawn up
وَبِالذنابى شائِلٌ مُقمَطِر
gray-dun wherever his skin did not show,
his tail upraised, his body drawn tightly together.
فَأَزعَلَتthen she shot فيinto حَلقِهِhis throat زُغلَةًa mouthful
فَأَزعَلَت في حَلقِهِ زُغلَةً
لَمnot تُهطِئِmissed الجيدِthe neck وَلَمand not تَشفَتِرscattered
لَم تُهطِئِ الجيدِ وَلَم تَشفَتِر
Then she shot a mouthful into his throat,
not missing his neck or spilling about,
مِنfrom ذيone having عِراقٍa stitched seam نيطَwas suspended فيwithin جَوزِهاher middle
مِن ذي عِراقٍ نيطَ في جَوزِها
فَهوَso it is لَطيفٌdelicate طَيُّهُits folds مُضطَمِرtightly tucked in
فَهوَ لَطيفٌ طَيُّهُ مُضطَمِر
from a seamed pouch suspended within her,
a delicate thing whose folds were tightly tucked away.
ياO قَومُpeople ماnot قَوميmy people عَلىdespite نأيِهِمtheir distance
يا قَومُ ما قَومي عَلى نأيِهِم
إِذwhen عَصَبَbound الناسَpeople شَمالٌa north wind وَقُرand bitter cold
إِذ عَصَبَ الناسَ شَمالٌ وَقُر
O people, none of my kin, despite their distance,
when a north wind and bitter cold gripped people,
وَراحَتِand returned at dusk الشَولُthe dry she-camels وَلَمand not يَحبُهاmounted them
وَراحَتِ الشَولُ وَلَم يَحبُها
فَحلٌa stud camel وَلَمand not يَعتَسَّmade night rounds فيهاamong them مُدِرa milker
فَحلٌ وَلَم يَعتَسَّ فيها مُدِر
and the dry she-camels returned at dusk, unmounted
by a stud, with no milker making his night rounds among them,
أَربَطَfirmer جَأشاًof heart عَنin defense of ذُرىthe heights قَومِهِhis people
أَربَطَ جَأشاً عَن ذُرى قَومِهِ
إِذwhen قَلَّصَتdrew back عَمّاfrom what تُواريconceal الأُزُرthe waist-wraps
إِذ قَلَّصَت عَمّا تُواري الأُزُر
is firmer of heart in defending his people's heights,
when the waist-wraps drew back from what they conceal.