ذلكَthat الذيwhich عَلِمواthey learned
ذلكَ الذي عَلِموا
دونshort of هولهits horror الكلِمُwords
دون هوله الكلِمُ
That is what they learned;
That which they knew
words fall short of its horror.
Without its awe, speech
دولةrealm البيانِeloquence هوىfell
دولة البيانِ هوى
منfrom among بُناتهاits builders علَمُa banner; leading figure
من بُناتها علَمُ
In eloquence's realm, there has fallen
The state of eloquence, passion
a standard-bearer among its builders.
Of its daughters, a banner
رَوَّعterrified البلادَthe land ففيso in
رَوَّع البلادَ ففي
كلّevery زَفرةٍsigh ضرَمُa blaze
كلّ زَفرةٍ ضرَمُ
He shook the land; in
It frightened the countries, so in
every sigh a fire burns.
Every sigh, a wound
رُبّmany a سامعٍhearer نبأnews
رُبّ سامعٍ نبأ
وَدَّhe wished لوthat بهin him صَمَمُdeafness
وَدَّ لو به صَمَمُ
Many a hearer of the news
Many a listener of news
wished that he were deaf.
Wished if only he were deaf
أيهاO الأديبُman of letters طوىfolded shut
أيها الأديبُ طوى
سِفرَthe book of حظّهhis fortune العَدَمُnothingness
سِفرَ حظّه العَدَمُ
O man of letters, closed was
O man of letters, fate
the book of his fortune by nothingness.
Folded his fortune, loss
فيin كتابهhis book غُرَرٌbrilliant passages
في كتابه غُرَرٌ
كلُّهاall of them لهto him ذِمَمُbonds of obligation
كلُّها له ذِمَمُ
In his book are gleaming gems,
In his book curiosities
each a bond of obligation to him.
All for him guarantees
إستهلّهopened it أدبٌrefinement
إستهلّه أدبٌ
بالكمالby perfection متَّسِمُmarked
بالكمال متَّسِمُ
It began with refinement,
Its beginning, literature
marked by perfection;
Perfectly distinguished
وانتهىand ended إلىin خُلقٍa character
وانتهى إلى خُلقٍ
ينتهيreaches its height بهin it الشمَمُproud dignity
ينتهي به الشمَمُ
and ended in a character
And it ended in manners
in which proud dignity reached its height.
To which the vile are guided
ألجديدthe new سنّتهhis practice
ألجديد سنّته
والقديمُand the old محترَمُrespected
والقديمُ محترَمُ
The new was his way,
The new its ways
and the old was respected.
And old respected
لاnot الأثيرُthe ether تاهstrayed بِهِin it
لا الأثيرُ تاه بِهِ
لُبُّهhis intellect ولاnor الخِيمُthe tents
لُبُّه ولا الخِيمُ
The ether did not lead astray
Not confused by the fragrant
his intellect, nor did the tents.
Nor by the stench its heart
بينbetween ذاthis وذاكand that لهfor him
بين ذا وذاك له
كانwas مذهبٌa course أَمَمُmoderate
كان مذهبٌ أَمَمُ
Between this and that, for him
Between this and that it has
there was a measured course.
A doctrine that unites
فيon أديمهاits skin; surface ضحِكٌlaughter
في أديمها ضحِكٌ
فيwithin غُضونهاits folds حِكمُwise sayings
في غُضونها حِكمُ
On its surface, laughter;
In its plains, laughter
within its folds, wisdom.
In its meadows, wisdom
إستقلّstood independent مبتدعاًcreating anew
إستقلّ مبتدعاً
آيَهُhis marvels التيwhich علمواthey knew
آيَهُ التي علموا
He stood on his own, creating
Independent, an innovator
those marvels of his they knew.
Its signs that they knew
فَهْيso they are إنif ردتَهَاyou sought them ندىًdew
فَهْي إن ردتَهَا ندىً
وهْيand they are إنif تُرِدْyou wish حِمَمُburning coals
وهْي إن تُرِدْ حِمَمُ
They are dew, if you seek them,
So if you wish it dew
and burning coals, if you wish.
Or if you wish guarantees
للملوكِfor kings ماas long as عدِلواthey acted justly
للملوكِ ما عدِلوا
عابِثٌa mocker إذاwhen ظَلَمواthey oppressed
عابِثٌ إذا ظَلَموا
For kings, so long as they were just;
For kings when just
a mocker when they oppressed.
Foolish when unjust
والشبابُand youth لَذّتُهhis delight
والشبابُ لَذّتُه
بالخطوبwith calamities يصطدمُhe collides
بالخطوب يصطدمُ
And youth was his delight;
And youth, its pleasure
he collided with calamities.
Collides with misfortunes
يومَwhen مِصرُEgypt مُمْرَعَةٌlush
يومَ مِصرُ مُمْرَعَةٌ
والزمانُand time مبتسِمُsmiling
والزمانُ مبتسِمُ
When Egypt was lush
A day when Egypt is fertile
and time was smiling,
And time is smiling
طائفٌroaming مجالِسَهاher gatherings
طائفٌ مجالِسَها
لاnot يملُّهwearies him السأَمُboredom
لا يملُّه السأَمُ
he roamed through her gatherings,
A neighborhood its gatherings
never wearied by boredom.
Boredom does not tire it
بلبلٌa nightingale يطيبis pleasing لهto him
بلبلٌ يطيب له
كلَّevery ساعةٍhour نَغَمُa melody
كلَّ ساعةٍ نَغَمُ
A nightingale, he found delight
A nightingale who enjoys
in a melody at every hour.
Every hour a melody
الجريءُthe bold one مندفعاًcharging forward
الجريءُ مندفعاً
لاnot تنيflag بهin him الهِمَمُaspirations
لا تني به الهِمَمُ
The bold one, charging forward,
The audacious rushing
his aspirations never flagging.
Ambitions do not stop him
للبرئfor the innocent منتصفٌseeking justice
للبرئ منتصفٌ
لِلضعيفِfor the weak منتقِمُan avenger
لِلضعيفِ منتقِمُ
For the innocent, a seeker of justice;
For the innocent a protector
for the weak, an avenger.
For the weak an avenger
تستخفُّهcarries him away مِقةٌaffection
تستخفُّه مِقةٌ
يستثيرهstirs him أَلَمُpain
يستثيره أَلَمُ
Affection swept him away;
Underestimated by the despicable
pain stirred him.
Pain makes him angry
ياO سليمُSalim كنتَyou were فتىًa noble youth
يا سليمُ كنتَ فتىً
فيin حِماهhis shelter يُعتَصَمُone seeks refuge
في حِماه يُعتَصَمُ
O Salim, you were a noble youth
O Suleiman you were a lad
in whose shelter one sought refuge.
In whose protection we took refuge
تَستلذُّyou delight in مكرُمَةًa noble deed
تَستلذُّ مكرُمَةً
فيin النفوسsouls ترتَسِمُis imprinted
في النفوس ترتَسِمُ
You delighted in a noble deed
You enjoy an honor
that left its imprint on souls.
Etched in souls
ليتَif only ليfor me بهاconcerning it مِنَناًfavors
ليتَ لي بها مِنَناً
منطقٌspeech لهاfor them وفَمُand a mouth
منطقٌ لها وفَمُ
If only, for those favors, I had
If only through it I had
a voice to tell of them, and a mouth!
Eloquence and a mouth
حدّثَspoke الخُزامُlavender إِذَنْthen
حدّثَ الخُزامُ إِذَنْ
عنof نداكyour bounty والنًّسَمُand the breezes
عن نداك والنًّسَمُ
Then lavender spoke
Al-Khuzam spoke then
of your bounty, and so did the breezes.
Of your softness and breeze
ماhow أحبهاdear they are شيماُas traits
ما أحبها شيماُ
هكذاthus هيthey are الشيَمُthe virtues
هكذا هي الشيَمُ
How dear they are, these virtues!
How lovely are its traits
That is what virtues are.
This is how virtues are
البيانُeloquence دولتهhis realm
البيانُ دولته
كلُّناall of us لهاfor it خدَمُservants
كلُّنا لها خدَمُ
Eloquence is his realm;
Eloquence its state
we are all its servants.
We are all its servants
نحنwe عِصبةٌa band غضبتgrew angry
نحن عِصبةٌ غضبت
نفسهاits soul لماat what يَصِمُbrings disgrace
نفسها لما يَصِمُ
We are a band, outraged
We are a people who raged
in spirit by what brings disgrace.
Whenever it is insulted
مسرفونextravagant فيwith دَمِناour blood
مسرفون في دَمِنا
شرُّthe worst ماof what بناin us الكرَمُgenerosity
شرُّ ما بنا الكرَمُ
We squander our blood;
Extravagant with our blood
generosity is our worst failing.
The most evil in us, nobility
لاmay not سعتstrive إلاexcept (possibly intended: toward) سَعةٍprosperity
لا سعت إلا سَعةٍ
تستريبهاregards it with suspicion قَدمُa foot
تستريبها قَدمُ
May no foot strive toward prosperity
No capacity but the capacity
that it regards with suspicion.
Suspected by feet
الثراءُwealth مفخرةٌa source of pride
الثراءُ مفخرةٌ
والأديبand the man of letters متّهمُunder suspicion
والأديب متّهمُ
Wealth is a source of pride,
Wealth a pride
while the man of letters is under suspicion.
And the writer accused
مَنْwho يُقيلُpardons عثرتَهُhis lapse
مَنْ يُقيلُ عثرتَهُ
إنif كَبَاstumbled بِكَwith you القَلمُthe pen
إن كَبَا بِكَ القَلمُ
Who will forgive his lapse
Who would forgive his stumble
if the pen stumbles with you?
If the pen fell on him
ماnot رأيتُI have seen حقًّtruly فَتىًa young man
ما رأيتُ حقًّ فَتىً
كالأديبِlike the man of letters يُهتَضَمُis denied his due
كالأديبِ يُهتَضَمُ
Truly, I have seen no youth
I have not seen a true lad
wronged like the writer.
Like the writer who is blamed
ويلهاwoe to them إذاif فسدتgrew corrupt
ويلها إذا فسدت
بالمبادئin principles الأُمَمُthe nations
بالمبادئ الأُمَمُ
Woe to them, should corruption
Woe when principles are corrupted
in principles overtake the nations!
In nations
الصّبىyouth وماand what طُويتْwas folded
الصّبى وما طُويتْ
فيin ردائهits robe نَعَمُblessings
في ردائه نَعَمُ
Youth, and what lay enfolded
The youth and whatever is folded
in its robe—blessings—
In his gown, blessings
كالكرىlike slumber يطوفُcircles بهaround him
كالكرى يطوفُ به
ثمthen ينقضيends الحُلُمُthe dream
ثم ينقضي الحُلُمُ
are like slumber that drifts around him;
Like a grape vine it winds with him
then the dream ends.
Then dreams run out
شدًّseverely ماhow بُليتَyou were afflicted بهby it
شدًّ ما بُليتَ به
والكؤوسand the cups تبتسمُsmile
والكؤوس تبتسمُ
How sorely you were afflicted by it,
How much you have been tested
while the cups smiled!
And the cups are smiling
جرعةٌa draught بالكأسِin the cup ردىًdeath
جرعةٌ بالكأسِ ردىً
تستبيحهاseizes it الظُّلمُthe shadows
تستبيحها الظُّلمُ
A draught in the cup is death,
A sip from the cup of purpose
which the shadows seize.
Injustice makes lawful
ذقتُهاI tasted it محنظَلَةًbitter as colocynth
ذقتُها محنظَلَةً
حينwhen ماؤهاits water شَبِمُcold
حين ماؤها شَبِمُ
I tasted it, bitter as colocynth,
I tasted it troubled
when its water was cold.
When its water was hot
ياO عهودَdays of صبْوَتِناour youthful ardor
يا عهودَ صبْوَتِنا
ليتَif only عهدَكِyour season الهَرمُold age
ليتَ عهدَكِ الهَرمُ
O days of our youthful ardor,
O days of our youth
would that your season were old age!
If only your decay, old age
هلdo تراهماyou see them both جَزَعَاthey both grieved
هل تراهما جَزَعَا
نِيلُthe Nile of مصرَEgypt والهرَمُand the Pyramid
نِيلُ مصرَ والهرَمُ
Do you think they both grieved—
Do you see them frightened
Egypt's Nile and the Pyramid?
The Nile of Egypt and the pyramid
مِصرُEgypt امّmother of كلevery فتىُyouth
مِصرُ امّ كل فتىُ
للبيانِfor eloquence ينفطِمُis weaned
للبيانِ ينفطِمُ
Egypt is the mother of every youth
Egypt mother of every lad
weaned into eloquence.
To eloquence it suckles
قدindeed عرفتُI have known فتيتهاher young men
قد عرفتُ فتيتها
يومwhen تُعرفare recognized القِيَمُvalues
يوم تُعرف القِيَمُ
I have indeed known her young men
I have known its youths
when worth is recognized.
When values are known
قُلْsay لهمto them وقدand indeed فُجِعواthey were bereaved
قُلْ لهم وقد فُجِعوا
نحنwe فيin الأسىsorrow وهُمُand they
نحن في الأسى وهُمُ
Tell them, now that they are bereaved:
Tell them when they were saddened
we are in sorrow, and so are they.
We in grief, and they
للبكاfor weeping وماand what نثرواthey wrote in prose
للبكا وما نثروا
للأسىfor sorrow وماand what نظمواthey composed in verse
للأسى وما نظموا
And what they wrote in prose is for tears;
For crying and what they scattered
and what they composed in verse is for sorrow.
For grief and what they composed