شَجَاهاmoved her deeply أنto تَزيدadd to العيدَthe celebration جاهاhonor
شَجَاها أن تَزيد العيدَ جاها
فنادَتْنيso she called me فلبّاهاand he answered her فَتَاهاher young man
فنادَتْني فلبّاها فَتَاها
She yearned to add honor to the celebration;
so she called me, and her young man answered her.
أَناI منthe one whom تعلمينَyou know فتىyoung man of القوافيrhymes
أَنا من تعلمينَ فتى القوافي
إذاwhen أطرَيتُI extol أُستاذيmy teacher أباهاher father
إذا أطرَيتُ أُستاذي أباها
I am the one you know, the young man of rhymes,
when I extol my teacher, her father.
أُجِلّI revere الحكمةَal-Hikma (Wisdom) الغراءَthe radiant أُمّاًas a mother
أُجِلّ الحكمةَ الغراءَ أُمّاً
وأُكرِمُand I honor شيخَهاher master البانيthe builder of عُلاهاher eminence
وأُكرِمُ شيخَها الباني عُلاها
I revere radiant al-Hikma as a mother,
and honor her master, the builder of her eminence.
حَماهاhe protected her للبيانِfor eloquence حِمىًa sanctuary عَزيزاًinviolable
حَماها للبيانِ حِمىً عَزيزاً
وأَدَّبَنيand he schooled me فَتّياًas a youth فيin حِماهاher sanctuary
وأَدَّبَني فَتّياً في حِماها
He guarded her as an inviolable sanctuary for eloquence,
and schooled me as a youth within her sanctuary.
سَواءٌalike نحنُwe لمdid not نُعظِمْwe honor سِواهanyone but him
سَواءٌ نحنُ لم نُعظِمْ سِواه
ولمand did not يعظمhe honors سوايanyone but me ولاnor سواهاanyone but her
ولم يعظم سواي ولا سواها
We are alike: we have honored none but him,
and he has honored none but me and her.
وضعتُI laid aside عِمامتيmy turban ونَشَدتُand I sought ندّيmy equal
وضعتُ عِمامتي ونَشَدتُ ندّي
أَناI ابنُson of جلاًJala (renown) ومثلُكَand one like you منthe one who جَلاهاmade her shine
أَنا ابنُ جلاً ومثلُكَ من جَلاها
I laid aside my turban and sought my equal:
I am Ibn Jala—son of renown—and one like you made her shine.
وهَبْنيand grant me قلتI said مثلكlike you بيدbut أنّنيI
وهَبْني قلت مثلك بيد أنّني
أراكI see you ولاand not أرىI see لكَfor you أنto تُضاهىbe equaled
أراك ولا أرى لكَ أن تُضاهى
Grant that I said 'one like you'; yet I
see you, and see no way that you could be equaled.
عذيريmy excuse أنْto أُباهيI boast فيin بيانيmy eloquence
عذيري أنْ أُباهي في بياني
فمنfor whoever أدًّبتَyou schooled يُعذَرis excused إنif تباهىhe boasts
فمن أدًّبتَ يُعذَر إن تباهى
My excuse for boasting in my eloquence is this:
whoever you have schooled is excused if he boasts.
أناI مِنfrom أمّةِa people أطلعتَyou brought forth منهاfrom them
أنا مِن أمّةِ أطلعتَ منها
هُدىًguidance حقاَtrue وأقلاماًand pens نِزَاهاupright
هُدىً حقاَ وأقلاماً نِزَاها
I belong to a people from whom you brought forth
true guidance and incorruptible pens,
ترىthey deem أمَّthe mother of اللغاتlanguages أَبرَّthe kindest أُمّmother
ترى أمَّ اللغات أَبرَّ أُمّ
بعزَّتِهاin her dignity وإنeven though كَثُرَتْare numerous لُغَاهاits languages
بعزَّتِها وإن كَثُرَتْ لُغَاها
who see the mother of languages as the kindest mother,
in her dignity, though their tongues are many.
وإِنكand you indeed خيرthe best منof those who رَكَنَتshe relied إليهon him
وإِنك خير من رَكَنَت إليه
فقادَso he led جنُودَهاher armies وَحَمىand protected لِواهاher banner
فقادَ جنُودَها وَحَمى لِواها
And you are the best of those on whom she relied,
who led her armies and guarded her banner.
أُخذْنّاwe learned عنكfrom you عاطِرةَfragrant المعانيmeanings
أُخذْنّا عنك عاطِرةَ المعاني
وفرَّقْنَاand we spread علىthroughout الديناthe world شذاهاtheir fragrance
وفرَّقْنَا على الدينا شذاها
We learned from you fragrant meanings,
and spread their perfume throughout the world.
ونفسُكَand your soul وَهْيَwhile it لمhas not تبرَحْceased to be هُدَاناour guide
ونفسُكَ وَهْيَ لم تبرَحْ هُدَانا
أضأناwe illuminated كلًّevery قُطرٍland منfrom هُداهاits guidance
أضأنا كلًّ قُطرٍ من هُداها
And your soul, which has never ceased to be our guide—
by its guidance we illuminated every land.
أَلَسْتَare you not إمامَthe master of مَنthose who نظمcomposed القوافيrhymes
أَلَسْتَ إمامَ مَن نظم القوافي
فأرقصْتَand you made dance النفوسَthe souls علىto صَداهاtheir echo
فأرقصْتَ النفوسَ على صَداها
Are you not the master of those who compose rhymes,
making souls dance to their echoes?
غوانٍbeautiful maidens فيin كِساءٍraiment جاهليّpre-Islamic
غوانٍ في كِساءٍ جاهليّ
بروحيmy soul as ransom اليومَtoday عصِرياًin modern dress كساهاhe clothed them
بروحي اليومَ عصِرياً كساها
Beautiful maidens in pre-Islamic raiment—
my soul for him who clothed them in modern dress today!
أعارتهاlent them البداوةُBedouin life كلًّevery حُسْنٍbeauty
أعارتها البداوةُ كلًّ حُسْنٍ
وزادَتْهاand added to them الحضارَةُcivilization منsome of سَناهاits radiance
وزادَتْها الحضارَةُ من سَناها
Bedouin life lent them every beauty,
and civilization added some of its radiance.
لَبستyou wore عباءَةthe cloak of العربيّthe Arab تُزهَىglorying
لَبست عباءَة العربيّ تُزهَى
بِهاin it حتّىuntil بَزَزْتَyou surpassed مَنِwhoever ارتداهاwore it
بِها حتّى بَزَزْتَ مَنِ ارتداها
You donned the Arab's cloak, glorying
in it, until you surpassed all who wore it.
ووشَّتهاand embroidered it علومُthe sciences of اليومِtoday وَشياًwith embroidery
ووشَّتها علومُ اليومِ وَشياً
كأنَّas though سناءهits brilliance منfrom كَهْرَبَاهاtheir electricity
كأنَّ سناءه من كَهْرَبَاها
Today's sciences embroidered it with patterns,
as though its brilliance came from their electricity.
وقدand indeed أَحيَتْrevived لناfor us العُصُرthe ages الخواليbygone
وقد أَحيَتْ لنا العُصُر الخوالي
رِواياتٍtales أَجلَّكَheld you in reverence منwhoever رَواهاnarrated them
رِواياتٍ أَجلَّكَ من رَواها
And bygone ages were brought to life for us
in tales whose narrators held you in reverence.
كأنَّكas though you كنتَwere رافائيلَRaphael فَنّاًin art
كأنَّك كنتَ رافائيلَ فَنّاً
تضيفyou add لِفَنّهto his art لُغَةًa language وَفَاهاand its mouth
تضيف لِفَنّه لُغَةً وَفَاها
As though you were Raphael in art,
adding to his art a language and its mouth.
رأىhe saw فأجادَهاand rendered them finely صُوَراًas images ومعنىًand meaning
رأى فأجادَها صُوَراً ومعنىً
وأُستاذيand my teacher أَجَادَexcelled وماand did not رآهاhe saw them
وأُستاذي أَجَادَ وما رآها
He saw, then rendered them finely in images and meaning;
my teacher excelled without having seen them.
سلواask الفصحىclassical Arabic فهلthen did ظَفِرتshe find بِواقٍa guardian
سلوا الفصحى فهل ظَفِرت بِواقٍ
سِوَىapart from القرآنِthe Qur'an قبلَكَbefore you قدalready وَقَاهاprotected her
سِوَى القرآنِ قبلَكَ قد وَقَاها
Ask classical Arabic: had she found a guardian
before you, apart from the Qur'an, who had protected her?
كشفتَyou revealed كنوزَهاher treasures للعلمْto learning حتَّىuntil
كشفتَ كنوزَها للعلمْ حتَّى
لَتَحسدهاsurely envy her اللغاتُthe languages علىfor غِناهاher wealth
لَتَحسدها اللغاتُ على غِناها
You revealed her treasures to learning, until
other languages surely envied her riches.
وخِفْتَand you feared علىfor جواهِرٍهَاher jewels فلمَّاand when
وخِفْتَ على جواهِرٍهَا فلمَّا
أَتَىcame البستانُal-Bustan (The Garden) يحميهاto protect them حَمَاهاit protected them
أَتَى البستانُ يحميها حَمَاها
You feared for her jewels; and when
al-Bustan came to guard them, it guarded them.
أَمّاindeed واللهِby God لوif حَدَّثْتُI told نفساًa soul
أَمّا واللهِ لو حَدَّثْتُ نفساً
حديثَكَyour story وهيwhile it is ذاتًُpossessed of تُقىًpiety زَهَاهاwould elate it
حديثَكَ وهي ذاتًُ تُقىً زَهَاها
Indeed, by God, were I to tell a soul
of you, devout though it was, the tale would elate it.
هزرتُI teased النفسَthe soul أَلتمِسُseeking التصابيyouthful play
هزرتُ النفسَ أَلتمِسُ التصابي
فهزَّتْنيand it stirred me وقدand indeed لَمَستْtouched صِباهاits youth
فهزَّتْني وقد لَمَستْ صِباها
I teased my soul, seeking youthful play;
and it stirred me, having touched its youth.
رأتit saw منthrough كُوَّةthe small window of الأيامِthe days نوراًa light
رأت من كُوَّة الأيامِ نوراً
أعادَrestored لهاto it خَيالاًa vision مِنof بَهَاهاits splendor
أعادَ لها خَيالاً مِن بَهَاها
It saw a light through the little window of days
that restored to it a vision of its splendor.
وشَاقَتْهَاand made it yearn عهودٌtimes كنتَyou were فيهاin them
وشَاقَتْهَا عهودٌ كنتَ فيها
تهذّبهاyou refined it وتُكبرand ennobled مُشتهاهاits aspirations
تهذّبها وتُكبر مُشتهاها
It yearned for times in which you
refined it and ennobled its aspirations,
ويومَand the day تبثّyou breathed روحكyour spirit فيinto دماهاits blood
ويومَ تبثّ روحك في دماها
ويومand the day تصونyou guarded إنif عبِثَتْit grew frivolous حَيَاهاits modesty
ويوم تصون إن عبِثَتْ حَيَاها
and the day you breathed your spirit into its blood,
and the day you guarded its modesty when it grew frivolous,
كريماًgenerous غيرnot مانِعِهاwithholding from it جميلاًa kindness
كريماً غير مانِعِها جميلاً
كأنَّكas though you نعمةٌa blessing بلغتreached مَداهاits fullness
كأنَّك نعمةٌ بلغت مَداها
generous, withholding no kindness from it,
as though you were a blessing come to its fullness.
وتلمُسand you sense ضعفَهاits weakness فتُدِيلthen you make prevail منهover it
وتلمُس ضعفَها فتُدِيل منه
قوىpowers of حقّtruth تُعَزِّزُstrengthen مِنْof قواهاits powers
قوى حقّ تُعَزِّزُ مِنْ قواها
You sensed its weakness, then supplanted it with
powers of truth that reinforced its strength,
حليماًforbearing لوغضِبتَeven if you grew angry ورُبَّand many a نفسٍsoul
حليماً لوغضِبتَ ورُبَّ نفسٍ
علىin غَضَباتهاits outbursts يُجْلَىis revealed صفاهاits purity
على غَضَباتها يُجْلَى صفاها
forbearing even when you grew angry; many a soul
reveals its purity in its fits of anger.
بنفسيmy soul as ransom نفسكyour soul الباديmanifest سَنَاهاits radiance
بنفسي نفسك البادي سَنَاها
إذاwhen ضَحِكاتُهاits laughter عَلَتِrose upon الشِفاهاthe lips
إذا ضَحِكاتُها عَلَتِ الشِفاها
My soul for yours, whose radiance shines forth
when its laughter rises to the lips,
فشفّتso it revealed عنabout تواصُفِهاdescriptions of it ونمَّتand disclosed
فشفّت عن تواصُفِها ونمَّت
عنof الخُلقthe character الكريمِnoble متىwhenever ثَناهاhe repeated it
عن الخُلق الكريمِ متى ثَناها
revealing the qualities ascribed to it, and disclosing
the noble character whenever he repeats it.
فماfor no ملَكٌangel أرقَّis gentler وقدْwhile indeed تراضىcontent
فما ملَكٌ أرقَّ وقدْ تراضى
ولاnor طِفلٌa child أحَبّmore lovable وقدwhile indeed تلاهاhe followed it
ولا طِفلٌ أحَبّ وقد تلاها
No angel is gentler when content,
nor child more lovable as he echoes it.
رأيتُكI saw you والثمانونand the eighty الغَواليprecious
رأيتُك والثمانون الغَوالي
تسيرُmove along بِهاwith them علىat مَهلٍan easy pace خُطاهاtheir footsteps
تسيرُ بِها على مَهلٍ خُطاها
I saw you, with eighty precious years,
their footsteps bearing them onward at an easy pace.
لقدindeed حمّلتَهاyou loaded them أَدَباًwith literature وعِلْماًand learning
لقد حمّلتَها أَدَباً وعِلْماً
فنَاءَso sagged بماunder what تحمَّلَthey bore كاهِلاَهاtheir two shoulders
فنَاءَ بما تحمَّلَ كاهِلاَها
You have loaded them with literature and learning,
till their two shoulders bowed beneath what they bore.
فلمand did not أرَI see مثلهlike it عُمراًa life نَمَتْهُraised it
فلم أرَ مثله عُمراً نَمَتْهُ
إلىto المجدِglory الكرائُمnoble deeds أوor نماهاit fostered them
إلى المجدِ الكرائُم أو نماها
I have seen no life like it, a life raised
to glory by noble deeds, or raising them itself.
أرىI see الدنياthe world قلوباًas hearts مثلَlike قلبيmy heart
أرى الدنيا قلوباً مثلَ قلبي
تَرُفُّfluttering عليكover you تستجديbeseeching الإلهGod
تَرُفُّ عليك تستجدي الإله
I see the world as hearts like mine,
fluttering over you, imploring God.
حياتكyour life مّنةa gift ورضاكand your favor نُعمىa blessing
حياتك مّنة ورضاك نُعمى
فعِشso live للفَضْلfor virtue واستبقِand retain الرَّفاهاwell-being
فعِش للفَضْل واستبقِ الرَّفاها
Your life is a gift, your favor a blessing;
live for virtue, and retain your well-being.
إذاwhen رُزقَis granted السلامةَsafety ندبُthe champion of قومٍa people
إذا رُزقَ السلامةَ ندبُ قومٍ
فقدthen indeed رُزقواthey are granted بهthrough him عِزّاًhonor وَجَاهاand prestige
فقد رُزقوا به عِزّاً وَجَاها
When a people's champion is granted safety,
they are granted honor and prestige through him.
سألتُI asked الحكمةَal-Hikma (Wisdom) الغراءَthe radiant أُمّيmy mother
سألتُ الحكمةَ الغراءَ أُمّي
أَقَصَّرdid he fall short فيin المَهمَّةthe task منthe one who قَضاهاcompleted it
أَقَصَّر في المَهمَّة من قَضاها
I asked radiant al-Hikma, my mother:
Did the one who fulfilled the task fall short?
وهلand did he أدّىdeliver الرسالةَthe message وهْيَand it is حقٌّa duty owed
وهل أدّى الرسالةَ وهْيَ حقٌّ
كماas ابتغتِdesired الفَصاحةُeloquence وابتغاهاand he desired it
كما ابتغتِ الفَصاحةُ وابتغاها
And did he deliver the message—a duty owed—
as eloquence desired, and as he desired it?
ألاindeed فيin ذِمَّةthe keeping of الدهرِTime القوافيthe rhymes
ألا في ذِمَّة الدهرِ القوافي
إذاwhen تاهتthey took pride بسيّدهاin their master وتاهاand he took pride
إذا تاهت بسيّدها وتاها
Indeed, these rhymes are in Time's keeping,
when they glory in their master, and he glories too.