فرضa duty علىupon الشعرpoetry أنthat يبداit begin بماwith what يجبis due
فرض على الشعر أن يبدا بما يجب
منof الهناءthe felicitations الذيwhich وافىarrived لهfor it رجبRajab
من الهناء الذي وافى له رجب
Poetry must begin with the due
Poetry is obliged to begin with the praise
felicitations for which Rajab has arrived,
That reached him in the month of Rajab
وأنand that تنافسهrival it الأيامthe days منزلةfor a distinction
وأن تنافسه الأيام منزلة
كلall المواسمthe festive seasons ترجوهاhope for it وترتقبand await
كل المواسم ترجوها وترتقب
and the days must vie with it for a distinction
And let the days compete in status
that all festive seasons hope for and await.
Like all the seasons wish and await
فاسعدso rejoice بهin it ألفa thousand عامyears واقتبلand welcome عمراًa lifetime
فاسعد به ألف عام واقتبل عمراً
تملاfill حقائبهماthe saddlebags of both منwith ذكرهits remembrance الحقبthe ages
تملا حقائبهما من ذكره الحقب
So rejoice in it a thousand years, and welcome a lifetime;
So congratulate him a thousand years and welcome an age
may the ages fill the saddlebags of both with its remembrance.
Whose bags are filled with the mention of epochs
فإنماfor indeed الدينreligion والدنياand the world وأهلهماand the people of both
فإنما الدين والدنيا وأهلهما
رحىa millstone وأنتand you إذاwhen دارتit turns لهاfor it القطبthe axle
رحى وأنت إذا دارت لها القطب
For religion, the world, and the people of both
Indeed, religion and world and its people
are but a millstone, and you its axle when it turns.
Are a mill, and when its axis turns for it the poles
بالعاضدthrough al-ʿAdid اشتدgrew strong عضدthe arm of الحقtruth وامتسكتand held firm
بالعاضد اشتد عضد الحق وامتسكت
عرىthe bonds of الهدىguidance وهوand he فيin إمساكهاholding them fast السببthe cause
عرى الهدى وهو في إمساكها السبب
Through al-ʿAdid, truth's arm grew strong, and firm became
With the supporter, the truth's forearm was strengthened
the bonds of guidance; he is what holds them fast.
And the reins of guidance, and he is the reason for its holding
خليفةa caliph لوif تراخىloosened عقدthe knot of بيعتهallegiance to him
خليفة لو تراخى عقد بيعته
لسابقتناwould have raced us إليهاto it السبعةthe seven الشهبthe shining stars
لسابقتنا إليها السبعة الشهب
A caliph: had the knot of allegiance to him loosened,
The Caliph, if his allegiance loosened
the seven shining stars would have raced us to it.
The seven stars would have preceded us to it
تداركpreserved اللهGod شملthe unity of المؤمنينthe believers بهthrough him
تدارك الله شمل المؤمنين به
فيat حيثthe point where كادتwas about to عصاthe staff of الإيمانfaith تتشعبsplinter
في حيث كادت عصا الإيمان تتشعب
Through him, God preserved the believers' unity
God salvaged the unity of the believers through him
just when the staff of faith was about to splinter.
Where the rod of faith almost branched out
وألفand united اللهGod شتاتthe scattered parts of القلوبthe hearts علىin ولائهallegiance to him
وألف الله شتات القلوب على ولائه
فهيso they عنهaway from him ليسdo not تنقلبturn
فهي عنه ليس تنقلب
And God united scattered hearts in allegiance to him,
And God united the hearts' disunity over his loyalty
so they do not turn away from him.
So they do not turn away from him
عمتembraced رعايتهhis care أقصىthe farthest of رعيتهhis subjects
عمت رعايته أقصى رعيته
حتىuntil استوىwere equal نازحone far away فيهاin it ومقتربand one nearby
حتى استوى نازح فيها ومقترب
His care embraced the farthest of his subjects,
His care spread to the furthest of his subjects
until the distant and the near were equal in it.
Until the emigrant among them became equal to the neighbor
وأصبحand became الناسthe people إخواناًbrothers بنعمتهthrough his bounty
وأصبح الناس إخواناً بنعمته
كأنas though نعمتهhis bounty أمa mother لهمto them وأبand a father
كأن نعمته أم لهم وأب
Through his bounty, people became brothers,
And people became brothers by his blessing
as though his bounty were both their mother and their father.
As if his blessing was their mother and father
قرتwere cooled with joy عيونthe eyes of اللياليthe nights منby خلافتهhis caliphate
قرت عيون الليالي من خلافته
بمنby him who أقرstilled حشاهاtheir heart وهيwhile they تضطربtrembled
بمن أقر حشاها وهي تضطرب
The nights' eyes were cooled with joy by his caliphate,
The eyes of the nights settled from his caliphate
by him who stilled their heart while they trembled.
With the one who settled them while they were disturbed
أغرradiant تشهدbear witness ليfor me أنوارthe lights of غرتهhis brow
أغر تشهد لي أنوار غرته
بصدقto the truth of ماwhat أودعتset down منof ذكرهhis remembrance الكتبthe books
بصدق ما أودعت من ذكره الكتب
A radiant one, whose shining brow bears witness for me
Witness for me the lights of his virtue
to the truth of what is set down about him in books.
With the truth I deposited in the mention of books
إذاwhen رأتهsee him عيونthe eyes of الأمةthe community استبقتrace one another
إذا رأته عيون الأمة استبقت
إلىto السجودprostration لهbefore him الأذقانthe chins والركبand the knees
إلى السجود له الأذقان والركب
When the community's eyes behold him, rushing forth
When the eyes of the nation see him they race
to prostrate before him are chins and knees.
To the prostration to him the chins and the knees
لاdo not تنظرنever regard مجازاًa metaphor حينwhen ترمقهyou gaze at him
لا تنظرن مجازاً حين ترمقه
فللحقيقةfor truth has سرa secret عنكfrom you محتجبveiled
فللحقيقة سر عنك محتجب
Do not take him for mere metaphor when you gaze at him;
Do not look figuratively when you glance upon him
for truth has a secret veiled from you.
For the reality has a secret from you concealed
وكعبةand the Kaaba of اللهGod لولاbut for قدرهاits dignity حجرstone
وكعبة الله لولا قدرها حجر
ومندلand the aloeswood of الهندIndia لولاbut for عرفهits fragrance حطبfirewood
ومندل الهند لولا عرفه حطب
And God's Kaaba, but for its dignity, would be stone,
And the Kaaba of God, were it not for its sanctity a stone
and Indian aloeswood, but for its fragrance, firewood.
And the Indian fabric, were it not for its tailoring, firewood
منfrom دوحةthe spreading tree of المصطفىthe Chosen One الهاديthe guide التيwhich كرمتwere noble
من دوحة المصطفى الهادي التي كرمت
فيهاwithin it المنابتthe roots والأغصانand the boughs والشعبand the branches
فيها المنابت والأغصان والشعب
From the spreading tree of the Chosen One, the guide, where noble are
From the orchard of the Guiding Mustafa which honored
the roots, the boughs, and the branches.
In it the shoots, and the branches, and the cliffs
أحييتمyou revived ذكرهhis remembrance فيهاwithin it وسنتهand his practice
أحييتم ذكره فيها وسنته
ولمand has not يمتdied سلفa forebear أنتمyou all لهto him عقبdescendants
ولم يمت سلف أنتم له عقب
You have revived his memory and his practice within it,
You revived his mention in it and his way
and no forebear dies while you are his descendants.
And no ancestor died without you as descendants
يهدىis guided بكمthrough you كلevery جيلgeneration تطلعونyou arise بهin it
يهدى بكم كل جيل تطلعون به
كأنكمas though you فيin سماواتthe heavens of العلىexaltedness الشهبthe bright stars
كأنكم في سماوات العلى الشهب
Through you, every generation in which you arise is guided,
You guide with it every generation you rise in
as though you were the bright stars in the heavens of exaltedness.
As if you are in the heavens of the Most High, the stars
مازالhas continued منصبكمyour office هذاthis يقومtakes charge بهof it
مازال منصبكم هذا يقوم به
منfrom نسلكمyour lineage قائمone who stands فيin the cause of اللهGod محتسبseeking His reward
من نسلكم قائم في الله محتسب
This office of yours has always been upheld
Your position here continues to be held
by one of your lineage, serving God and seeking His reward.
By your progeny established in God, seeking reward
ياO طالبseeker of الشرفhonor الأقصىthe highest ولوand if عدمتwere absent
يا طالب الشرف الأقصى ولو عدمت
بنوthe sons of أبيAbu (father of) طالبTalib ماnot أنجحsucceed الطلبthe quest
بنو أبي طالب ما أنجح الطلب
O seeker of the highest honor—were there no
O seeker of the highest honor, even if
sons of Abu Talib, the quest would never succeed.
The clan of Abu Talib ceased to be, the seeking would not be fruitful
لاdo not تخدعنbe deceived فإنfor indeed القومthese people اشرفthe noblest منthose whom
لا تخدعن فإن القوم اشرف من
يسموexalts بهhim المجدglory أوor تعلوraise high بهhim الرتبthe ranks
يسمو به المجد أو تعلو به الرتب
Do not be deceived: these people are the noblest of those
Do not be fooled, for the people are nobler than
whom glory exalts or ranks raise high.
That glory makes them high or positions raise them
ماnot الأجرreward والفخرand honor إلاexcept فيin محبتهمloving them
ما الأجر والفخر إلا في محبتهم
فلاso let not يتمtake effect عليكupon you الزورfalsehood والكذبand lies
فلا يتم عليك الزور والكذب
Reward and honor lie only in loving them,
Merit and pride are only in loving them
so let neither falsehood nor lies deceive you.
So lies and falsehood do not become complete upon you
لولاhad it not been for اتباعthe following by قريشQuraysh دينthe faith of جدهمtheir forefather
لولا اتباع قريش دين جدهم
طوعاًwillingly وكرهاًand unwillingly لماwould not have دانتsubmitted لهاto them العربthe Arabs
طوعاً وكرهاً لما دانت لها العرب
Had Quraysh not followed their forefather's faith,
Were it not for Quraish following the religion of their grandfather
whether willingly or unwillingly, the Arabs would not have submitted to them.
Willingly and unwillingly, the Arabs would not have submitted to it
وليتand would that أنthat نفوسthe souls of الناسthe people إذwhen قعدتheld back
وليت أن نفوس الناس إذ قعدت
عنfrom القيامfulfilling obligations بنعماهمfor their favors بماwith what يجبis due
عن القيام بنعماهم بما يجب
Would that people's souls, when they failed
I wish the souls of the people, when they desisted
to repay their favors as duty required,
From standing with their favors as deserved
تجنبتهمhad avoided them بسجليهاwith both their buckets متاركةleaving them alone
تجنبتهم بسجليها متاركة
فلاso no نصيبshare أنالتهمgranted them ولانصبand no hardship
فلا نصيب أنالتهم ولانصب
had left them alone, withdrawing both their buckets,
Avoided them, leaving their register
giving them neither a share nor hardship.
Attaining no share of them or position
ولوand if تولتhad undertaken بنوthe sons of رزيكRuzzik نصرتهمtheir defense
ولو تولت بنو رزيك نصرتهم
فيin سالفbygone الدهرtime ماwould not have نابتهمbefallen them النوبcalamities
في سالف الدهر ما نابتهم النوب
Had the sons of Ruzzik undertaken their defense
Had the clan of Udhra aided them
in ages past, calamities would not have befallen them.
In bygone days, regrets would not have afflicted them
المضمرونthose who harbor منof الإخلاصsincerity ماthat which عجزتwere unable
المضمرون من الإخلاص ما عجزت
عنto حلloosen عقدتهits knot الأوهامfancies والريبand doubts
عن حل عقدته الأوهام والريب
They harbor such sincerity that neither
Those sincere in loyalty, no illusions or doubts
fancies nor doubts can loosen its knot.
Failed to undo its knot
خضارمoceans of generosity تنزلdescend الأرزاقlivelihoods إنif نزلواthey settle
خضارم تنزل الأرزاق إن نزلوا
أرضاًupon a land وتركبهاand ride across it الآجالdeaths إنif ركبواthey ride
أرضاً وتركبها الآجال إن ركبوا
Oceans of bounty: sustenance descends if they settle
Swords, sustenance descends if they descend
upon a land, and death rides across it if they ride.
A land, and lifespans embark them if they embark
صيدproud, high-headed lords يقومstands مقامin place of الألفa thousand واحدهمone of them
صيد يقوم مقام الألف واحدهم
غلبthick-necked stalwarts إذاwhen وقفواthey stand فيin حيزa domain غلبواthey prevail
غلب إذا وقفوا في حيز غلبوا
Proud, high-headed lords: one of them equals a thousand,
Game that takes the place of a thousand, and one of them
thick-necked stalwarts who prevail wherever they take their stand.
Overcomes if they stand in the space of victory
أندىmost generous الملوكof kings وجوهاًin countenance غيرexcept أنهمthat they
أندى الملوك وجوهاً غير أنهم
ترضىare satisfied المواضيthe sharp blades بأيدهمwith their hands إذاwhen غضبواthey grow angry
ترضى المواضي بأيدهم إذا غضبوا
The most gracious-faced of kings, yet
More radiant faced than kings, except that they
the keen blades find satisfaction in their hands when they grow angry.
Please the meadows if they get angry
لاlet not تنكرdeny الدولةthe state الغراءthe radiant إذwhen كسرتit was shattered
لا تنكر الدولة الغراء إذ كسرت
كسرthe shattering of الزجاجglass ماwhat منfrom كسرهاits fragments شعبواthey mended
كسر الزجاج ما من كسرها شعبوا
Let the radiant state not deny—when it was shattered
Do not deny the outstanding state when it broke
like glass—what they pieced together from its fragments.
Like breaking glass—from its breaking they did not shatter
همthey قواعدهاits foundations السفلىthe lowest وذروتهاand its summit الthe
هم قواعدها السفلى وذروتها ال
علياhighest وأوتادهاand its pegs المرساةfirmly anchored والطنبand the tent-ropes
عليا وأوتادها المرساة والطنب
They are its lowermost foundations and its summit—
They are its lower pillars and its highest summit
the highest—and its firmly anchored pegs and tent-ropes.
And its anchored pegs and tent poles
إنif فاتهمpassed them by حربthe battle of صفينSiffin فقدthen indeed بلغواthey attained
إن فاتهم حرب صفين فقد بلغوا
فيin مصرEgypt منthrough نصركمaiding you أضعافmany times ماwhat طلبواthey sought
في مصر من نصركم أضعاف ما طلبوا
If they missed the battle of Siffin, they have attained
If the Battle of Siffin escaped them, then they reached
in Egypt, by aiding you, many times what they sought.
In your victory in Egypt multiples of what they sought
ثارواthey rose لثأرto avenge أبيAbu (father of) المنصورal-Mansur فانكشفتand were dispelled
ثاروا لثأر أبي المنصور فانكشفت
بكاشفby the dispeller of الغمةdistress الأهوالterrors والكربand afflictions
بكاشف الغمة الأهوال والكرب
They rose to avenge Abu al-Mansur, and dispelled were
They rose to avenge Abu al-Mansur so the horrors and sorrows
the terrors and afflictions by the dispeller of distress:
Were exposed by the revelator of gloom
الصالحal-Salih المبتغىwho seeks منthrough صهركمmarital affinity with you نسباًkinship
الصالح المبتغى من صهركم نسباً
بعصمةthrough a marriage bond وهوand he فيin دينthe faith of الهدىguidance سببa connecting bond
بعصمة وهو في دين الهدى سبب
al-Salih, who sought kinship through marriage into your house,
The righteous aspiration from your in-law
through a marriage bond; he is a bond in the faith of guidance.
In lineage, in the religion of guidance a cause
وكلand every حبلcord of ولاءallegiance لاnot يناطis tied إلىto
وكل حبل ولاء لا يناط إلى
ولائكمallegiance to you فهوthen it عندin the sight of اللهGod منقضبsevered
ولائكم فهو عند الله منقضب
And every cord of allegiance that is not tied to
And every pact of loyalty not tied
allegiance to you is severed in God's sight.
To your loyalty is ruined with God
إناindeed we إلىtoward اللهGod فيin الدنياthis world علىupon مهجsouls
إنا إلى الله في الدنيا على مهج
لهاthey have مصيرa destination إلىto الأخرىthe next world ومنقلبand a return
لها مصير إلى الأخرى ومنقلب
In this world we are bound for God, with souls
We in the world are inclined on passions
whose destination and return are in the world to come.
Whose destiny is the next and the return
شكتlamented فراقthe departure of أبيAbu (father of) الغاراتal-Gharat أربعةfour things
شكت فراق أبي الغارات أربعة
الملكsovereignty والنسكand devotion والمعروفand beneficence والأدبand letters
الملك والنسك والمعروف والأدب
Four things lamented the departure of Abu al-Gharat:
The absence of the father of raids was lamented
sovereignty, devotion, beneficence, and letters.
By the kingdom, creed, benevolence, and propriety
فيon مثلthe like of ذاthis اليومday إجلالاًin reverence وتهنئةand congratulation
في مثل ذا اليوم إجلالاً وتهنئة
كانتused to be تزفled in procession لهto him الأشعارthe poems والخطبand orations
كانت تزف له الأشعار والخطب
On a day like this, in reverence and congratulation,
On the like of this day, honoring and congratulating
poems and orations were led to him in procession.
Poems and sermons used to be presented to him
فنافستاso the two vied with المناياdeath منهover him فيover ملكa king
فنافستا المنايا منه في ملك
لنفسهfor his own soul فيin سبيلthe cause of اللهGod يحتسبseeks reward
لنفسه في سبيل الله يحتسب
So the two vied with death over him, a king
So the fates competed with him over a kingdom
who sought reward for his soul in the cause of God.
For himself, in God's way a martyr
مضىhe passed away وأعقبand left a successor منamong ذخرthe treasures of الأئمةthe imams منone who
مضى وأعقب من ذخر الأئمة من
يزهوtake pride بهin him الأشرفانthe two noblest things المجدglory والحسبand ancestral honor
يزهو به الأشرفان المجد والحسب
He passed away, leaving among the imams' treasures one
He passed away, leaving as treasure from the imams someone
in whom the two noblest things—glory and ancestral honor—take pride.
Who gleams with the two nobles, glory and lineage
متوجa crowned ruler نابtook over فيناamong us بعدafter والدهhis father
متوج ناب فينا بعد والده
نيابةthe taking-over of البحرthe sea لماwhen غابتdisappeared السحبthe clouds
نيابة البحر لما غابت السحب
A crowned ruler who took his father's place among us,
Crowned, shining among us after his father
as the sea takes over when the clouds disappear.
Acting for the sea when the clouds are absent
فكلso every معتصبone who binds his head بالتاجwith the crown غيرexcept أبيAbu (father of) الthe
فكل معتصب بالتاج غير أبي ال
شجاعShujaʿ فهوthen he لهذاof this الحقright مغتصبa usurper
شجاع فهو لهذا الحق مغتصب
Every wearer of a crown, except Abu al-
For anyone who assumes the crown other than Abu
Shujaʿ, is a usurper of this right.
Al-Shaja’ is a usurper of this right
وهلand is anyone أحقmore entitled بصدرto the foremost seat of الدستthe state council منthan ملكa king
وهل أحق بصدر الدست من ملك
لهhe has منof الملكsovereignty موروثwhat is inherited ومكتسبand what is earned
له من الملك موروث ومكتسب
And who better deserves the foremost seat of state than a king
And who is more deserving to hold power than a king
whose sovereignty is both inherited and earned?
Whose kingdom is inherited and gained?
عاليlofty in المحلينboth stations منof مجدglory ومنand of هممhigh aspirations
عالي المحلين من مجد ومن همم
أذيالهhis robe-hems فوقabove وجهthe face of السحبthe clouds تنسحبsweep along
أذياله فوق وجه السحب تنسحب
Exalted in both stations, glory and aspiration,
Lofty in two abodes of glory and resolve
his trailing robes sweep above the face of the clouds.
His train above the face of the clouds draws
لاnot يستويis equal وملوكwith the kings of الأرضthe earth فيin شرفhonor
لا يستوي وملوك الأرض في شرف
إلاexcept كماas يتساوىare equal الجدearnestness واللعبand play
إلا كما يتساوى الجد واللعب
He and the kings of earth are no more equal in honor
He is not equal with the kings of earth in nobility
than earnestness and play are equal.
Except as equals the serious and the play
يبدوhe appears تحجبهveils him عناfrom us مهابتهhis majesty
يبدو تحجبه عنا مهابته
فوجههso his face الطلقcheerful بادvisible وهوwhile he محتجبveiled
فوجهه الطلق باد وهو محتجب
He appears, yet his majesty veils him from us;
His veiling from us shows his awe
so his cheerful face is visible, while he remains veiled.
His cheerful face shines though he is veiled
ماnever أنan emphatic particle تبسمsmiled عنهupon him وجهthe face of مجلسهhis gathering
ما أن تبسم عنه وجه مجلسه
فقامand he rose إلاexcept وفيwhile in ثغرthe mouth of الندىgenerosity شنبsweet, cool dental freshness
فقام إلا وفي ثغر الندى شنب
Never did his gathering's face smile upon him
No sooner does his council’s face smile
and he rise, without sweet freshness in generosity's mouth.
Than it stands with dew in the mouth of pleasure
ولاnor غزوناwe raided أياديهhis favors بمسألةwith a request
ولا غزونا أياديه بمسألة
إلاexcept سلبناهwe plundered him ماwhat يقنىacquire القناthe spears السلبspoils
إلا سلبناه ما يقنى القنا السلب
Nor did we ever raid his bounty with a request
And we never asked his hands for something
without taking from him spoils such as spears acquire.
Except we deprived him what would please a palm thief
تهلpours down نعمتهhis bounty طوراًat times ونقمتهand his wrath
تهل نعمته طوراً ونقمته
منfrom راحةa palm شأنهاits way الإعطاءgiving والعطبand destruction
من راحة شأنها الإعطاء والعطب
At times his bounty pours down, and at times his wrath,
His favor comes in phases, and his wrath
from a palm whose way is giving and destruction.
From the comfort of his condition is giving and withholding
فيin كلevery حبةkernel of قلبa heart منfrom محبتهlove for him
في كل حبة قلب من محبته
عقيدةa conviction باعثاهاits two motives الرعبfear والرغبand desire
عقيدة باعثاها الرعب والرغب
In the kernel of every heart, from love of him,
In every heart seed from love of him
lies a conviction with two motives: fear and desire.
A conviction aroused by awe and longing
قدindeed استرقتhas enslaved قلوبthe hearts of العالمينall peoples لهto him
قد استرقت قلوب العالمين له
مهابةan awe يتلافاهاhe counterbalances it بماwith what يهبhe gives
مهابة يتلافاها بما يهب
The hearts of all peoples have been enslaved to him
He has captivated the hearts of both worlds
by an awe he counterbalances with what he gives.
With awe tempered by what he gives
وراحةand a palm لمhas not تزلceased تهميto pour down ندىdew وردىand death
وراحة لم تزل تهمي ندى وردى
مثلlike الغمامةthe cloud فيهاwithin it الماءwater واللهبand flame
مثل الغمامة فيها الماء واللهب
And a palm that ceaselessly rains dew and death,
And comfort that did not cease to whisper cool moisture
like a cloud containing water and flame.
Like a cloud in it water and flame
لاmay not يعدمنكever lose you أميرthe Commander of المؤمنينthe Faithful فماfor not
لا يعدمنك أمير المؤمنين فما
فيin نفسهhis heart غيرother than أنthat تبقىyou remain لهfor him أربa wish
في نفسه غير أن تبقى له أرب
May the Commander of the Faithful never lose you, for
Do not lack, O Commander of the Faithful, for what
his heart has no wish but that you remain for him.
In yourself other than that you remain for him a shelter
لأنهfor he is مقلةthe eyeball of الدنياthe world وناظرهاand its pupil
لأنه مقلة الدنيا وناظرها
وأنتand you حاجبهاits eyebrow والجفنand the eyelid والهدبand the lashes
وأنت حاجبها والجفن والهدب
For he is the world's eye and its pupil,
Because he is the caretaker of the world and its observer
and you its eyebrow, eyelid, and lashes.
While you are its chamberlain, the eyelid and the eyebrow