رأيتI saw الزمانTime وإخوانهand its brothers
رأيت الزمان وإخوانه
يدورونthey turn فيin الحالcircumstance دورانهits turning
يدورون في الحال دورانه
I saw Time and its brothers
I saw time and its companions
turning with circumstance as it turns.
Revolving in this life and its rotations
إذاwhen ما(emphatic particle) أسىsaddened وأسرand gladdened الفتىthe young man
إذا ما أسى وأسر الفتى
يكونونthey are ماas long as كانit exists أعوانهits helpers
يكونون ما كان أعوانه
Whenever it saddens and gladdens a young man,
Whenever a young man feels down and confined
they are its helpers as long as it endures.
They become not what once were his supporters
ومهماand whenever وفيwas kept عهدa pledge حرa free man وفواthey kept faith
ومهما وفي عهد حر وفوا
وخوانهand his betrayers عندat the time ماwhen خانهit betrayed him
وخوانه عند ما خانه
And whenever a free man's pledge is kept, they keep it,
And no matter how faithful and honest they vowed
and are his betrayers when it betrays him.
His companions betrayed him when he needed them
إذاwhen ما(emphatic particle) طلبتyou sought الصديقthe friend الصدوthe truthful (continued)
إذا ما طلبت الصديق الصدو
ق(completes 'truthful') أعدمكdeprived you of الدهرTime وجدانهfinding him
ق أعدمك الدهر وجدانه
Whenever you seek a true friend,
If you seek a loyal friend in time of need
Time deprives you of finding him.
Time denies you ever finding one
ومنand whoever خالطmingled with الناسpeople فيin شأنهمtheir affairs
ومن خالط الناس في شأنهم
رأىsaw منهمfrom them كلall ماthat which شانهdisgraced him
رأى منهم كل ما شانه
And whoever mingles with people in their affairs
Whoever mingles with people in their affairs
sees among them all that disgraces him.
Sees in them all that is their nature
ومنand whoever عزwas honorable أوor برwas virtuous عنهمaway from them علاrose
ومن عز أو بر عنهم علا
رأىsaw فيin العواقبthe outcomes ماwhat زانهadorned him
رأى في العواقب ما زانه
And whoever rises above them in honor or goodness
And he who is aloof, neither kind nor good to them
sees, in the end, what adorns him.
Sees in the end what faults him
ومنand whoever لمdid not يزنweigh عقلهhis reason نطقهhis speech
ومن لم يزن عقله نطقه
أخفmade lighter لدىin the eyes of الناسpeople ميزانهhis scales
أخف لدى الناس ميزانه
And whoever's reason does not weigh his speech
He who does not weigh his words with his mind
makes his scales lighter in people's eyes.
Is deemed light in weight among people
لسانthe tongue of الفتىthe young man عنهabout him عنوانهhis sign
لسان الفتى عنه عنوانه
فكنso be راصداًwatchful عنهabout him عنوانهhis sign
فكن راصداً عنه عنوانه
A young man's tongue is the sign that tells of him;
A young man's tongue reveals his true self
so watch the sign that reveals him.
So watch his tongue to know his ways
فمنطقfor the speech of كلevery امرئٍperson مظهرrevealing
فمنطق كل امرئٍ مظهر
علىaccording to ماwhat رأيناهwe have seen it ألبانهhis milk (his nurture)
على ما رأيناه ألبانه
For every person's speech reveals,
The speech of each person displays
as we have seen, the milk that nurtured him.
What we have found their qualities to be
ولاand do not تنظرlook at المرءthe man وانظرand look إذاif
ولا تنظر المرء وانظر إذا
أردتyou wanted الحقيقةthe truth أقرانهhis companions
أردت الحقيقة أقرانه
And do not look at the man; look instead, if
And look not at the person, but look when
you want the truth, at his companions.
You want the truth at his peers
وصاحبand befriend إذاwhen ما(emphatic particle) صحبتyou kept company with امرأًa man
وصاحب إذا ما صحبت امرأً
يغضhe lowers عنaway from القذعfoul abuse أجفانهhis eyelids
يغض عن القذع أجفانه
And whenever you keep company, befriend a man
And if you befriend a man
who averts his eyelids from foul abuse.
Turn a blind eye to his coarseness
فماfor none صانguarded عرضكyour honor إلاexcept فتىa young man
فما صان عرضك إلا فتى
إذاwhen سيمhe was subjected to harm فيin عرضهhis honor صانهhe guarded it
إذا سيم في عرضه صانه
For none guards your honor but a young man
For none shall protect your honor
who guards his own when it is assailed.
Except one who protects his own honor
إذاif جهلdid not know المرءthe man مقدارهhis worth
إذا جهل المرء مقداره
تجاهلتfeigned ignorance of القومthe people أثمانهhis prices (his worth)
تجاهلت القوم أثمانه
If a man does not know his own worth,
When a man knows not his true worth
people pretend not to know his value.
People will undervalue his price
وقدand may يظهرreveal التيهconceit بالمرتديin one wearing
وقد يظهر التيه بالمرتدي
رداءthe robe of التكاملperfection نقصانهhis deficiency
رداء التكامل نقصانه
And conceit may reveal, in one who wears
And confusion may show in one wearing
the robe of perfection, his deficiency.
The cloak of perfection his flaws
وأصلand the origin of عروقthe roots of الفتىthe young man الرسخاthe firmly rooted (continued)
وأصل عروق الفتى الرسخا
تٍ(completes 'firmly rooted') تظهرappear فيin الذوقtaste أغصانهits branches
تٍ تظهر في الذوق أغصانه
And the origin of a young man's deep-set roots—
While the roots of a firmly rooted young man
its branches show themselves in his taste.
Reveal in his taste its branches
ولاand no خيرgood فيمنin one who يرىsees عرضهhis honor
ولا خير فيمن يرى عرضه
دنياًdebased ويغسلand washes أردانهhis sleeves
دنياً ويغسل أردانه
And there is no good in one who sees his honor
No good is he who sees his honor
debased, yet washes his sleeves.
As worldly and washes away values
وياand oh بئسwretched is منone who لمdid not يكنbe ذاpossessed of نهىreason
ويا بئس من لم يكن ذا نهى
ولمand did not يمحضsincerely devote اللَهGod إيمانهhis faith
ولم يمحض اللَه إيمانه
And oh, how wretched is one who lacks reason,
Oh, wretched is he who is not of dignity
and does not devote his faith sincerely to God.
And has not purified his faith for God