لِمَنwhose الحدوجthe howdahs علَتrose علىupon أَقتابهاtheir saddle frames
لِمَن الحدوج علَت على أَقتابها
وَحداand urged by song بهاthem onward الحادونَthe camel-drivers خلفَbehind رِكابِهاtheir riding camels
وَحدا بها الحادونَ خلفَ رِكابِها
Whose are the howdahs raised upon their saddle frames?
For whom did the curves grow on their stalks,
And the camel-drivers sang them onward behind their mounts.
And the men sharpened them behind their backs,
سارَتjourneyed بأمثالِwith the likes of البدورِfull moons حواصنchaste women
سارَت بأمثالِ البدورِ حواصن
غيدgraceful women زَكتflourished بِالفجرat dawn فيin أحسابِهاtheir ancestral honors
غيد زَكت بِالفجر في أحسابِها
They journeyed with chaste women like full moons,
They travelled like the full moons in their prime,
Graceful women, whose ancestral honors flourished at dawn.
Rising beautifully at dawn in their reckoning,
أَتبعتُهمI followed them with نظريmy gaze غَداةَthe morning تَحمّلواthey departed
أَتبعتُهم نظري غَداةَ تَحمّلوا
وَاليعمُلاتand the sturdy she-camels تخوضُwade through لجّthe depths of سَرابهاtheir mirage
وَاليعمُلات تخوضُ لجّ سَرابها
I followed them with my gaze the morning they departed,
I followed them with my gaze when they bore
While the sturdy she-camels waded through their mirage's depths.
The impassable mirages plowing their illusion,
ماwhat بالُcondition طاويةslender الحَشاthe waist ماnot واصَلتshe joined
ما بالُ طاوية الحَشا ما واصَلت
فيin الحبّlove أَسبابيmy bonds إِلىto أَسبابِهاher bonds
في الحبّ أَسبابي إِلى أَسبابِها
What ails the slender-waisted one, who has not joined
Why is the curving bow not reaching
My bonds in love to her own?
My love to its love through its cause,
ياO لَيتَwould that شعريmy knowledge ماwhat أَرادَmeant تهاوماdrowsy swaying (uncertain)
يا لَيتَ شعري ما أَرادَ تهاوما
عنوانthe sign of ماwhat أَبدتshe revealed غداةَthe morning عتابهاher reproach
عنوان ما أَبدت غداةَ عتابها
Would that I knew what, in drowsy swaying, was meant by
Oh, how I wish I knew what Tahwim meant
The sign of what she showed on the morning of her reproach.
By the title she gave the day after her rebuke,
أَسفاًgrief عَلىupon أَسفٍgrief علىover تقبيلkissing ذاthat (continued next line)
أَسفاً عَلى أَسفٍ على تقبيل ذا
كcompletes 'that' الطلعthe palm blossom ممّاamong what كانَwas تحتَbeneath نقابِهاher face veil
ك الطلع ممّا كانَ تحتَ نقابِها
Grief upon grief over kissing that
Regrets upon regrets for kissing the one
Palm blossom among what lay beneath her veil.
Whose buds were under her veil,
نارُthe fire of الكآبةِsorrow يستلذّfinds sweet عذابهاits torment
نارُ الكآبةِ يستلذّ عذابها
قلقٌa restless one وَلمand has not يَسأمtired of أَليمpainful عذابهاits torment
قلقٌ وَلم يَسأم أَليم عذابها
The fire of sorrow—its torment delights
The fire of sadness finds pleasure in its torment,
A restless one, who has not tired of its painful torment.
Restless and unwearied of its painful torment,
شَمسٌa sun إِذاwhen سَفَرتshe unveils تلألأsparkles وَجههاher face
شَمسٌ إِذا سَفَرت تلألأ وَجهها
بِالنورِwith light بينَbetween خِيامِهاher tents وقبابِهاand her pavilions
بِالنورِ بينَ خِيامِها وقبابِها
A sun: when she unveils, her face sparkles
A sun that sparkles and brightens her face
With light between her tents and pavilions.
With light amidst her tents and dwellings when she travels
وَلَهاand she has ثناياتٌfront teeth لطافdelicate المتنِin body كالlike the
وَلَها ثناياتٌ لطاف المتنِ كال
أَغصانِbranches خيرbetter مِنthan عنّابهاher jujubes
أَغصانِ خير مِن عنّابها
And her front teeth are delicate in form, like
And she has gentle, smooth curves like
Branches, better than her jujubes.
The branches, better than her imploring,
وَلَقدand indeed أَغارI am jealous علىover محاسنِthe charms of حُسنهاher beauty
وَلَقد أَغار على محاسنِ حُسنها
إِنif صافَحتهshe touches it بِحليهاwith her jewelry وثيابِهاand her garments
إِن صافَحته بِحليها وثيابِها
And indeed I am jealous over the charms of her beauty,
And he was jealous of the beauty of her beauty
If she touches it with her jewels and garments.
If she greeted him with her jewellery and clothes,
وَأَغارand I am jealous مِنof مِسواكهاher tooth-cleaning stick فيin الرشفsipping إنif
وَأَغار مِن مِسواكها في الرشف إن
عاينتهُI see it مترشّفاًsipping لرضابهاof her saliva
عاينتهُ مترشّفاً لرضابها
And I envy her tooth-stick for its sipping, if
And he was jealous of her toothbrush in the morning if
I see it sipping her saliva.
He saw her holding it to brush her teeth,
ماwhat لىfor me أبيدُI squander العمرَlife بينamong معاشريmy companions
ما لى أبيدُ العمرَ بين معاشري
أزريhas debased بهاthem النقصانdeficiency فيin أَلبابِهاtheir minds
أزري بها النقصان في أَلبابِها
Why do I squander my life among my companions,
Why should I spend my life among kinsmen
Whom deficiency in their minds has debased?
Who bring me down in their minds,
لَمdid not تسعَstrive سعياًany striving قطّever طولthroughout حياتهاtheir lives
لَم تسعَ سعياً قطّ طول حياتها
إلّاexcept لكدشto procure طعامِهاtheir food وَشرابِهاand their drink
إلّا لكدش طعامِها وَشرابِها
They never strove at all throughout their lives,
She never sought, throughout her life,
Except to obtain their food and drink.
Except to get her food and drink,
عَميتwere blind عنِto الآدابculture حتّىuntil أَصبَحتbecame
عَميت عنِ الآداب حتّى أَصبَحت
مَمنوعةًdeprived فيin ذاكَthat عنof آدابِهاtheir refinement
مَمنوعةً في ذاكَ عن آدابِها
They were blind to culture, until they became
She was blind to manners until she became
Deprived, in that, of their own refinement.
Forbidden, in that, from manners,
وَرواحلand riding-camels تنفيcast off اللغابspittle إِذاwhen حدتhastened
وَرواحل تنفي اللغاب إِذا حدت
فَيطيرُso flies مثلlike الطرسِparchment فيضthe outpouring of لغابهاtheir spittle
فَيطيرُ مثل الطرسِ فيض لغابها
And riding-camels fling off spittle when they hasten,
And rides that drive away boredom when they pass,
So their streaming spittle flies like parchment.
So it flies like an eagle in the expanse of its boredom,
طَوتfolded up المسافةthe distance فيin السرىnight travel حتّىuntil اِنطوتgrew thin
طَوت المسافة في السرى حتّى اِنطوت
مِنfrom طولِthe long duration of قطعtraversing عمارِهاits settled regions وخرابهاand its wastelands
مِن طولِ قطع عمارِها وخرابها
They folded up the distance by night, until they themselves shrank
It crossed vast distances until it folded
From long crossing its settled regions and wastes.
From the length of the ruin and construction of her buildings,
صلناwe surged forward نجوبُwe traverse بِهاon them النقاthe dunes وتهزّناand stirs us
صلنا نجوبُ بِها النقا وتهزّنا
فرحjoy منَfrom الرجوىhope علىupon أَصلابهاtheir backs
فرح منَ الرجوى على أَصلابها
We surged on, traversing the dunes on them, and were stirred
We arrived, roaming it, crossing the plains, shaken
By joy born of hope upon their backs.
With joy at the hope on its backs,
متوجّهينheading إِلىtoward المتوّجthe crowned one حميرHimyar
متوجّهين إِلى المتوّج حمير
شمسِthe sun of المفاخرِglories بدرهاtheir full moon وشهابهاand their shooting star
شمسِ المفاخرِ بدرها وشهابها
Heading toward the crowned Himyar,
Heading towards Himyar, the crowned one,
The sun of glories, their full moon and their shooting star.
The sun of glories, its full moons and comets,
ملكa king تسيحُflow هباتهُhis gifts للوفدِto visiting delegations كالlike the
ملك تسيحُ هباتهُ للوفدِ كال
أَمطارِrains تهطلُpour down مِنfrom خلالِwithin سحابهاtheir clouds
أَمطارِ تهطلُ مِن خلالِ سحابها
A king whose gifts stream to visiting delegations like
A king whose gifts pour unto the delegates like
Rains pouring from within their clouds.
The rains falling through the midst of their clouds,
أَموالُهhis wealth لاnot تستقرّstays still كأنّماas though
أَموالُه لا تستقرّ كأنّما
فيهاwithin it دَعاcalled للبينِfor parting صوتُthe cry of غرابِهاits raven
فيها دَعا للبينِ صوتُ غرابِها
His wealth never stays still, as though
His wealth does not settle, as if
Within it, its raven's cry had called for parting.
Among them he called out to separation in its cawing,
عَرَفَknew الصنائعَbenefactions فاِصطَفىso he chose مَحمودهاtheir praiseworthy kinds
عَرَفَ الصنائعَ فاِصطَفى مَحمودها
ذُخراًas treasure وَأَعرضand turned away عنfrom صلاتِgifts مغابهاtheir ill consequences (uncertain)
ذُخراً وَأَعرض عن صلاتِ مغابها
He knew benefactions and chose their praiseworthy kinds
He knew the crafts, so he chose their praiseworthiness
As treasure, and shunned gifts with ill consequences.
As a treasure, and turned away from the prayers of its caves,
خَطَبتهsought his hand أَبكارُvirgins among النساءِwomen لأنّهاbecause they
خَطَبته أَبكارُ النساءِ لأنّها
وجدتهُfound him أَولىmost worthy الخلقِmankind منamong خطّابهاtheir suitors
وجدتهُ أَولى الخلقِ من خطّابها
Virgin women sought his hand, because they
The virgins of women proposed to him, because
Found him the worthiest of mankind among their suitors.
They found him the most worthy of people for their courting,
وَكذاكand likewise جردُsleek-coated الخيلِhorses تعلمknow أنّهthat he
وَكذاك جردُ الخيلِ تعلم أنّه
أَولىmost worthy جميعِall الناسpeople منamong ركّابهاtheir riders
أَولى جميعِ الناس من ركّابها
And likewise, the sleek horses know that he
And likewise the horses know that he
Is the worthiest of all people among their riders.
Is the most worthy of all people for riding them,
وَإِذاand when الملوكُkings رأَتهsee him يوماًone day طأطأتlowered
وَإِذا الملوكُ رأَته يوماً طأطأت
فيin دستهِhis court برؤوسِهاwith their heads وَرقابهاand their necks
في دستهِ برؤوسِها وَرقابها
And when kings see him one day, they lower
And when the kings see him one day, they bow
Their heads and necks in his court.
Before him with their heads and necks,
ياO خيرَbest مَنthose who وَجدتyearned بهfor him زيافةa swift she-camel
يا خيرَ مَن وَجدت به زيافة
محفوفةenwrapped بِجلالهاin her saddlecloths وَقرابِهاand her covering
محفوفة بِجلالها وَقرابِها
O best of those for whom a swift she-camel has yearned,
O best one I found blessedness in him
Clad in her saddlecloths and covering.
Enveloped in its majesty and kin,
ماno رايةbanner للمجدِof glory لاحتappeared مرّةonce
ما راية للمجدِ لاحت مرّة
إِلّاexcept وَأَنتand you مِنamong الورىmankind أَولىmost worthy بهاof it
إِلّا وَأَنت مِن الورى أَولى بها
No banner of glory has ever once appeared
The banner of glory never shone once
Without you, among mankind, being most worthy of it.
Unless you were the worthiest of it amongst mankind,
لولاكwere it not for you ماnot الدنياthe world حَلَتbecame sweet يوماًever ولاnor
لولاك ما الدنيا حَلَت يوماً ولا
عَطفتturned tenderly بدرّتهاwith her flowing milk علىtoward أَصحابِهاher people
عَطفت بدرّتها على أَصحابِها
Without you, the world would never have grown sweet, nor
Were it not for you, the world would not have settled one day,
Turned to her people with her flowing milk.
Nor cast its pearls upon its companions,