أحلّكfreed you مِنfrom أسرِcaptivity الغرامof love حلاحلُa noble chief
أحلّك مِن أسرِ الغرام حلاحلُ
وَأتلفَand ruined يومon the day البينِof parting عقلكyour reason عاقلُa wise one
وَأتلفَ يوم البينِ عقلك عاقلُ
A noble chief freed you from love's captivity,
I freed you from the shackles of love, freed completely,
and a wise one ruined your reason on the day of parting.
And the day of separation confused your sane mind,
وَقسّمكand divided you التوديعfarewell اِثنينin two واحدone part
وَقسّمك التوديع اِثنين واحد
معَwith الظاعنِthe departing traveler الغاديsetting out at dawn وآخرand another نازلُstaying behind
معَ الظاعنِ الغادي وآخر نازلُ
Farewell divided you in two: one part
And parting divided you in two, one
with the traveler departing at dawn, and another staying behind.
With the departing stranger, and the other settled,
فجسمكَso your body فيin تلكthose المنازلdwellings نازلٌstays
فجسمكَ في تلك المنازل نازلٌ
وقلبكَand your heart فيamong تلكthose الرواحلriding camels راحلُdeparts
وقلبكَ في تلك الرواحل راحلُ
Your body stays within those dwellings,
So your body settled in those dwellings,
while your heart departs among those riding camels.
While your heart settled in those meadows,
تلذّذtake delight فيin طعمِthe taste الصبابةof passionate longing لذّةًa delight
تلذّذ في طعمِ الصبابة لذّةً
أَواخرُهاits endings محبوبةbeloved والأوائلُand the beginnings
أَواخرُها محبوبة والأوائلُ
Savor in the taste of passionate longing a delight
You enjoyed the sweetness of youth with pleasure,
whose endings and beginnings alike are beloved.
Its later stages beloved, and its first steps,
وَلاand do not يشغلنّكever let it distract you اللومblame عنfrom لذّةthe delight الهوىof love
وَلا يشغلنّك اللوم عن لذّة الهوى
منَfrom اللومblame والتعنيفand harsh rebuke فيamong الناسpeople شاغلُa distraction
منَ اللوم والتعنيف في الناس شاغلُ
Let blame never distract you from love's delight;
Let not blame distract you from love's pleasure,
blame and harsh rebuke among people are a distraction.
For blame and rebuke amongst people are ever-present,
فَمَجنونfor Majnun ليلىLayla خامرَpermeated الحبُّlove قلبَهُhis heart
فَمَجنون ليلى خامرَ الحبُّ قلبَهُ
مَدىthroughout عمرهِhis lifetime حتّىuntil اِحتوتهenclosed him الجنادلُthe stones
مَدى عمرهِ حتّى اِحتوته الجنادلُ
For love permeated the heart of Layla's Majnun
For Majnoon's love stirred his heart,
throughout his life, until the stones enclosed him.
Throughout his life until the tombs embraced him,
وَعمروand Amr بنson of عجلانAjlan بهندٍthrough Hind وحبّهاand love for her
وَعمرو بن عجلان بهندٍ وحبّها
لهُfor him كانَthere was مِنfrom شرحِrecounting الأحاديثthe tales طائلُmuch of worth
لهُ كانَ مِن شرحِ الأحاديث طائلُ
And Amr ibn Ajlan, through Hind and love for her,
And Imru al-Qais in his love for Hind,
had much of worth in the recounting of tales.
Found solace in interpreting traditions,
وَغيلانand Ghaylan لمdid not ينفكّcease to be منfrom حبّlove for ميّةٍMayyah
وَغيلان لم ينفكّ من حبّ ميّةٍ
أسيراًa captive إِلىuntil أَنthat غالstruck down غيلانGhaylan غائلُa destroyer
أسيراً إِلى أَن غال غيلان غائلُ
And Ghaylan never ceased, through love of Mayyah,
And Ghaylan never ceased in his love for Mayya,
to be a captive, until a destroyer struck Ghaylan down.
A captive until Ghaylan perished miserably,
بِنفسيwith my life as ransom منher whom ودّعتهاI bade her farewell ودموعهاand her tears
بِنفسي من ودّعتها ودموعها
عَلىupon وجنتَيهاher two cheeks مسبلاتstreaming down هواطلُpouring
عَلى وجنتَيها مسبلات هواطلُ
My life be ransom for her whom I bade farewell, while her tears
By my soul, from the one I bid farewell, her tears
streamed down her two cheeks in pouring showers.
Flowing down her cheeks in torrents,
غَداةَon the morning تجلّتshe appeared ليto me وللبينand for parting رائحa departing traveler
غَداةَ تجلّت لي وللبين رائح
تُنازعُنيwrests from me روحيmy soul جهاراًopenly ونابلُand an archer
تُنازعُني روحي جهاراً ونابلُ
On the morning she appeared to me, parting had its traveler
On the morrow when the scent of separation appeared,
and its archer, as she openly wrested my soul from me.
It wrestled with my soul openly and stealthily,
تُغالِطُنيbeguiles me الشكوىlamentation ولِلوجدِand for yearning بينناbetween us
تُغالِطُني الشكوى ولِلوجدِ بيننا
مخارجoutlets فيماwithin what بينناis between us ومداخلُand entrances
مخارج فيما بيننا ومداخلُ
Lamentation beguiles me; yearning, between us,
Complaint deceives me, and between us love
has outlets and entrances in the space between us.
Has avenues, entrances, and exits,
وَأكبادُناand our livers منfrom وجدناour yearning وقلوبناand our hearts
وَأكبادُنا من وجدنا وقلوبنا
مشاربdrinking places فيهاwithin them للهوىfor love ومآكلُand feeding grounds
مشارب فيها للهوى ومآكلُ
Our livers, through our yearning, and our hearts—
Our livers ache from our love, and our hearts
within them love has drinking places and feeding grounds.
Are pastures in which love grazes and feeds,
ممنّعةheld inviolate فيamong المحصناتchaste women عقيلةٌa noble lady
ممنّعة في المحصنات عقيلةٌ
عَدتهاkept her apart بداراتwithin the precincts العفافِof chastity عقائلُnoble ladies
عَدتها بدارات العفافِ عقائلُ
A noble lady, held inviolate among chaste women,
A married woman made inaccessible in her curtained litter,
whom noble ladies kept apart within chastity's precincts.
Her chastity guarded by virtuous women,
يَجولُmoves about عليهاupon her وشحُهاher sashes فوقabove خصرهاher waist
يَجولُ عليها وشحُها فوق خصرها
وفيand on ساقهاher leg أضحتhave become تغضُّquiet الخلاخلُthe anklets
وفي ساقها أضحت تغضُّ الخلاخلُ
Her sashes move about her above her waist,
Poverty roams over her, above her waist,
while on her leg the anklets have fallen silent.
Below, her anklets make soft sounds,
فَلوso if وشّحتshe were girdled بالحجلwith the anklet والحجلand the anklet صامتٌsilent
فَلو وشّحت بالحجل والحجل صامتٌ
لعاينتهُyou would surely see it فيaround خصرهاher waist وهوand it حائلُturning loosely
لعاينتهُ في خصرها وهو حائلُ
If she were girdled with an anklet—the anklet now silent—
If she were to wear only the slip while still silent,
you would see it turning loosely about her waist.
You would see it about her waist, hardly hiding,
يَميسُsways بِهاwith her فيin التيهِproud grace قدٌّa figure كأنّهas though it
يَميسُ بِها في التيهِ قدٌّ كأنّه
إِذاwhen ماسَit sways غصنُa branch البانةof the moringa tree المتمايلُswaying
إِذا ماسَ غصنُ البانة المتمايلُ
A figure sways with her in proud grace, as though,
In the wilderness, he walks beside her, his stature
when it sways, it were a bending moringa branch.
Swaying like a bough of the wild plum,
خلونَhave passed لهاfor her منof مدّةthe span السنّof age أربعfour
خلونَ لها من مدّة السنّ أربع
فأَحجمَso it swelled ثديهاher breast وعشرand ten كواملُcomplete
فأَحجمَ ثديها وعشر كواملُ
Four years of her lifetime have passed—
Leave her to the passage of years, four yet
and ten complete ones—so her breast has rounded.
Until her breast shrinks and ten cycles,
تُصيبُstrikes شغافَthe innermost core القلبِof the heart منّيof mine بأسهمٍwith arrows
تُصيبُ شغافَ القلبِ منّي بأسهمٍ
إِذاwhen اِنجلتare revealed منهاof hers العيونthe eyes النواجلُlarge and wide
إِذا اِنجلت منها العيون النواجلُ
She strikes the very core of my heart with arrows
From me she shoots the arrows of her glances,
when her large, wide eyes are revealed.
When her bright eyes shine radiantly,
لَهاshe has حائلٌa barrier دونَblocking اللِقاthe meeting مِنfrom عشيرهاher kin
لَها حائلٌ دونَ اللِقا مِن عشيرها
غيورٌa jealous man وَمِنand from كونِthe presence التعفّفof self-restraint حائلُa barrier
غيورٌ وَمِن كونِ التعفّف حائلُ
One of her kin stands as a barrier to meeting her,
A jealous kinsman prevents me from meeting her,
a jealous man; self-restraint itself is another barrier.
As does her virtue which prevents,
وَمستعجماتand speechless things لاnot تجيبanswer لسائلٍan inquirer
وَمستعجمات لا تجيب لسائلٍ
بماwith what رامhe sought منof أخبارهاnews of her إذwhen يُسائلُhe inquires
بما رام من أخبارها إذ يُسائلُ
And speechless places give no answer to an inquirer
And strange women who do not answer a questioner,
with what he seeks of her news when he asks.
With the news about her that he asks,
لَهاshe has وسطamid وهيand they are غيرُnot أواهلinhabited
لَها وسط وهي غيرُ أواهل
منازلdwellings منهاamong them عامراتflourishing أواهلُpeopled
منازل منها عامرات أواهلُ
She has, amid them—though they stand uninhabited—
She has a waist – though not one of the first! –
dwellings, some of them flourishing and peopled.
Stages not empty, but filled and inhabited,
سَقاهاmay it water them ملثُّunceasing القطرِrain كلّevery مجلجلٍthundering cloud
سَقاها ملثُّ القطرِ كلّ مجلجلٍ
وَثجّتand may they pour عليهاupon them المعصراتthe rainclouds الحواملُladen
وَثجّت عليها المعصرات الحواملُ
May every thundering cloud water them with ceaseless rain,
The drops of rainwater quenched her thirst,
and may the laden rainclouds pour upon them.
While the cloudbursts made her heavy with child,
وَأَلبَسهاand may it clothe them نوءthe star-season rain السماكينof the two Simak stars حلّةًa robe
وَأَلبَسها نوء السماكين حلّةً
فَيشرقso they shine بالأزهارwith flowers منهاof them الحمائلُthe sandy tracts
فَيشرق بالأزهار منها الحمائلُ
May the rain of the two Simak stars clothe them in a robe,
The starry nights clothed her in their gown,
so their sandy tracts shine with flowers.
So the meadows shine with flowers,
فيصبحthen there become منهاof them سَيحهاtheir running waters وعرارهاand their fragrant yellow wildflowers
فيصبح منها سَيحها وعرارها
تمجُّspill forth أعاليهِits upper parts النداdew والأسافلُand the lower parts
تمجُّ أعاليهِ الندا والأسافلُ
Then their running waters and their arar flowers
Her plain and hill country become by it
spill dew from their upper parts and their lower.
Plentiful, the lowlands and the heights abundant,
وَأَصبحَand he was فيهاthere برهةًfor a while فكأنّماso it was as though
وَأَصبحَ فيها برهةً فكأنّما
بهِin him لفلاحfor success راحةa palm وأناملُand fingertips
بهِ لفلاح راحة وأناملُ
And he was there for a while, so it was as though
By it, the farmer rests at leisure, his hands stilled,
success had, in him, a palm and fingertips.
A steed whose hoofs when the thirsty crowd jostles
جوادٌa generous man إِذاwhen اِستسقىseek water from الظُماةthe thirsty أكفّهhis palms
جوادٌ إِذا اِستسقى الظُماة أكفّه
تساجلthey rival ودقاًin rainfall غيثهاits rain المتساجلُpouring in succession
تساجل ودقاً غيثها المتساجلُ
A generous man: when the thirsty seek water from his palms,
Paw the ground, and the racing rivulets rush,
they rival its successive rains, downpour for downpour.
Bestowing on us every morning a streaming,
تسحُّpour down عليناupon us منهfrom him فيin كلِّevery غدوةٍmorning
تسحُّ علينا منه في كلِّ غدوةٍ
مخايلrain-bearing clouds ودقٍof rain تقتفيهاfollowing them مخائلُmore rainclouds
مخايل ودقٍ تقتفيها مخائلُ
From him, every morning, there pour upon us
With pawing and the water-drawers following,
rain-bearing clouds, followed by more rainclouds.
By it, the days were adorned in face, and shone
بهthrough him زانتِgrew beautiful الأيّامthe days وجهاًin face وأشرقتand shone
به زانتِ الأيّام وجهاً وأشرقت
بدولتهunder his rule أبكارهاtheir early mornings والأصائلُand the late afternoons
بدولته أبكارها والأصائلُ
Through him the days grew fair of face, and bright shone
In its rule, their first fruits and nobilities,
their early mornings and late afternoons under his rule.
Love of it flowed through the people until it mingled
جَرىflowed حبُّهlove for him بالناسِthrough the people حتّىuntil تمازجتmingled
جَرى حبُّه بالناسِ حتّى تمازجت
عروقveins الدماof blood منهfrom him بهwith it والمفاصلُand the joints
عروق الدما منه به والمفاصلُ
Love for him flowed through the people, until
The veins of their blood, its joints,
their blood-veins and joints mingled with that love from him.
And they referred to it their affairs’ problems,
وَأَلقواand they entrusted إِليهto him مشكلاتthe difficulties أمورهمof their affairs
وَأَلقوا إِليه مشكلات أمورهم
عَلىon the understanding أنّهthat he was والٍa ruler عليهمover them وكافلُand a protector
عَلى أنّه والٍ عليهم وكافلُ
They entrusted to him the difficulties of their affairs,
Seeing it as their guardian, caretaker,
since he was their ruler and protector.
O sun whose orbit revolves naught but
أَلاheed أيّهاO you الشمسthe sun الّذيwho هوhe لمdid not يَكنhave
أَلا أيّها الشمس الّذي هو لم يَكن
لَهُfor him الفلكan orbit إلّاexcept النضاthe travel-worn mounts والصواهلُand the neighing steeds
لَهُ الفلك إلّا النضا والصواهلُ
O you, the sun, who has never had
Purities and radiances!
any orbit but travel-worn mounts and neighing steeds.
You launched against your enemies a night raid
شَننتَyou launched علىagainst أعداكَyour enemies شعواءَa fierce assault بالضحىat midmorning
شَننتَ على أعداكَ شعواءَ بالضحى
تزلزلshake منهاfrom it المحكماتthe firmly built المجادلُfortresses
تزلزل منها المحكمات المجادلُ
You launched a fierce assault against your enemies at midmorning,
That shook the firm judgments and disputes
at which the firmly built fortresses shake.
Stirring against them, with what angers you,
تُثيرُyou raise عليهمagainst them عارضاًa stormcloud ماno لمزنهِfor its raincloud
تُثيرُ عليهم عارضاً ما لمزنهِ
سَرىsped forth النبلthe arrows واللدنand the supple الذوابلslender spears وابلُa downpour
سَرى النبل واللدن الذوابل وابلُ
You raise a stormcloud against them, whose cloud bears no ordinary rain;
A torrent of valor, molten metal, and rain,
arrows speed forth, and supple, slender spears pour in torrents.
So you inflicted upon them horses’ chests, and for battle,
فَجشّمتهمso you forced them to face صدرَthe breast الحصانof the stallion وللّقاand for battle
فَجشّمتهم صدرَ الحصان وللّقا
مصادرُexits فيwithin حيزومهits chest ومناهلُand watering places
مصادرُ في حيزومه ومناهلُ
You made them face the stallion's breast; battle
Sources in the steeds' nostrils and watering places,
has its exits and watering places within its chest.
They fled, while among them the spear tip penetrated,
فَولّواso they fled وفيهمand through them عامرthe point الرمحof the spear نافذٌpiercing
فَولّوا وفيهم عامر الرمح نافذٌ
حَيارىbewildered وفيهمand among them مضربُthe striking edge السيفِof the sword شاكلُdoing likewise
حَيارى وفيهم مضربُ السيفِ شاكلُ
They turned and fled, the spearhead piercing them,
Bewildered, while among them the sword blade split,
bewildered, the sword's striking edge doing likewise among them.
You replaced for them the immediate
فَأبدلتهمso you gave them instead ممّاin place of what اِستحقّواthey deserved بعاجلٍan immediate outcome
فَأبدلتهم ممّا اِستحقّوا بعاجلٍ
وَماand no عاجلimmediate outcome إلّاexcept ويتلوهand following it آجلُa deferred one
وَما عاجل إلّا ويتلوه آجلُ
So you substituted an immediate outcome for what they deserved;
With the deferred, and nothing deferred is far,
and no immediate outcome lacks a deferred one following it.
They prepared graves for their deaths,
وَكانواand they had been يعدّونَpreparing القبورthe graves لموتهمfor their deaths
وَكانوا يعدّونَ القبور لموتهم
فَماتواso they died وماand not الأحداثthe calamities إلاbut الحواصلُbirds' crops
فَماتوا وما الأحداث إلا الحواصلُ
They had been preparing graves for their deaths;
But died, and events are naught but consequences,
so they died; the calamities were nothing but birds' crops.
Partial English translation: 73 of 74 Arabic lines translated.