أجلُّThe greatest ماwhat رمتُI sought فيin آتٍa coming time مُقْتبلِahead
أجلُّ ما رمتُ في آتٍ مُقْتبلِ
أنيthat I أراكsee you وقدand already أُسعفتُI was favored بالأملِwith hope
أني أراك وقد أُسعفتُ بالأملِ
The highest thing I sought in the coming future
The greatest hope I harbor for the future
was to see you, with my hope fulfilled.
Is that I will see you and be sustained by hope.
فماso not أباليI care وقدand already جادَbestowed الزمانُtime بهit
فما أبالي وقد جادَ الزمانُ به
عُمِّرتُI was granted life فيamong الناسpeople ألفاًa thousand years أوor دناdrew near أجليmy death
عُمِّرتُ في الناس ألفاً أو دنا أجلي
So I care not, now that time has granted it,
So I care not though time has been ungenerous,
whether I live a thousand years among men or my death draws near.
If I lived a thousand years or just a day before my death.
أمَنْis the one whom أراهُI see دُبيسDubays الخيرgoodness ويْحكمwoe to you all
أمَنْ أراهُ دُبيس الخير ويْحكم
أمor الكرىsleep باعتٌsending (uncertain reading) للطيفِthe phantom فيin المُقَلthe eyes
أم الكرى باعتٌ للطيفِ في المُقَل
Is the one I see Dubays the Good—woe to you!—
Is it he whose goodness ran dry and whose power prevails
or is sleep sending a phantom into my eyes?
Or is it the noble one sold for a trifle?
لذيذdelightful وصلٍreunion أرانيmade me see يقظتيmy waking حُلُماًas a dream
لذيذ وصلٍ أراني يقظتي حُلُماً
فالعينُso the eye باكيةٌweeps منfrom شدَّةِthe intensity of الجَذَلِjoy
فالعينُ باكيةٌ من شدَّةِ الجَذَلِ
A delightful reunion made my waking seem a dream,
The pleasure of union made my waking seem a dream,
and my eye weeps from overwhelming joy.
So my eyes weep from the agony of separation.
ماnot ابنُson of المُلوَّحal-Mulawwah قيسٌQays فيin صبابتهِhis passion
ما ابنُ المُلوَّح قيسٌ في صبابتهِ
بالعامريَّةِfor the ʿAmirite woman ذاتِpossessing الدلcoy charm والكسلِand languor
بالعامريَّةِ ذاتِ الدل والكسلِ
Qays ibn al-Mulawwah was not, in his passion
This is not Ibn Al-Mulawwah Qais in his youth
for the ʿAmirite woman of coy charm and languor,
At Al-Amiriyyah, with its allure and laziness.
يسقيwaters الثرىthe earth دمعtears of عينيهhis two eyes وقدwhile already حبستwere withheld
يسقي الثرى دمع عينيه وقد حبست
صوائبُdownpours of المُزنrain clouds أنfrom تهميpouring down معat الأصُلeventide
صوائبُ المُزن أن تهمي مع الأصُل
watering the earth with his eyes' tears, while withheld
He waters the earth with the tears of his eyes though
were the clouds' showers from pouring down at eventide;
The beauties of Al-Muzn forbade him to be plaintive.
لاno زادprovisions يغذوهnourish him إلاexcept فضلُsurplus of لوعتِهِhis anguish
لا زاد يغذوه إلا فضلُ لوعتِهِ
ولاand no مواطنَdwelling places إلاexcept نيَّةُintent of الرِّحَلِdepartures
ولا مواطنَ إلا نيَّةُ الرِّحَلِ
with no provisions to nourish him but his mounting anguish,
He has no provisions but the excess of his passion,
and no dwelling but the resolve to journey;
No places to stay but the will to depart.
مُحذَّرُwarned of الموتdeath معْذولٌreproached وزورتُهand his visit
مُحذَّرُ الموت معْذولٌ وزورتُه
للحيto the tribe تعثرstumbles بالتعنيفamid rebuke والعَذلِand blame
للحي تعثر بالتعنيف والعَذلِ
warned of death, reproached, and his visit
Wary of death, forlorn, with his visitation drawing near,
to the tribe stumbling amid rebuke and blame;
He is berated and chided for his passion.
ودونand barring access to ليلىLayla مطاعينُfierce spearmen of الضحىbroad daylight غُلْبmighty, thick-necked
ودون ليلى مطاعينُ الضحى غُلْب
حَمَواthey defended كريمتهمtheir noblewoman حتىeven منfrom الغزلِlove poetry
حَمَوا كريمتهم حتى من الغزلِ
with fierce, thick-necked spearmen of broad daylight barring Layla,
Without Layla the dawns of daybreak are overpowered,
who guarded their noblewoman even against love poetry;
Protecting their lady even from amorous overtures.
ماnot زالceased جورُthe tyranny of الهوىlove حتىuntil دعوهُthey called him بهfor it
ما زال جورُ الهوى حتى دعوهُ به
مجنونmadman of ليلىLayla وطابand became sweet القولُthe saying للرجلِto the man
مجنون ليلى وطاب القولُ للرجلِ
love's tyranny persisted until for it they called him
The tyranny of love persisted until it made him
Layla's madman, a name the man found sweet—
Majnun for Layla - and the word rings true for men.
يوماًever بأوجدَmore anguished منيthan me فيin هوىlove of مَلِكٍa king
يوماً بأوجدَ مني في هوى مَلِكٍ
منfrom آلthe house of عوفٍʿAwf أبيrejecting الضَّيْمhumiliation مُحتملِenduring
من آل عوفٍ أبي الضَّيْم مُحتملِ
ever more anguished than I in love of a king
One day the passion in me for a noble king
of the house of ʿAwf, rejecting humiliation and enduring burdens;
From the house of Auf, most patient in adversity, was kindled.
القاتلُthe slayer of المحْلَdrought منthrough معروفِthe bounty of راحتهhis palm
القاتلُ المحْلَ من معروفِ راحته
ومرسلُand sender of الموتdeath بينamong البيضbright swords والأسلand spears
ومرسلُ الموت بين البيض والأسل
the slayer of drought through the bounty of his palm,
The deadly warrior who forgoes the comforts
and sender of death among bright swords and spears;
And unleashes death amid the whites and blacks.
وباعثand mobilizer of الجيشthe army غطىcovered الشمسthe sun عثيرهits dust
وباعث الجيش غطى الشمس عثيره
كأنهas though it were أسْنِماتُhumps of العارضِthe rain cloud الحفلladen
كأنه أسْنِماتُ العارضِ الحفل
and mobilizer of an army whose dust covered the sun,
The mobilizer of armies that eclipse the sun,
as though it were the lofty humps of a laden rain cloud;
As if they were the approaching high clouds.
وطاردand pursuer of الخيلhorses فيin ضنكa narrow strait لوif اطَّردتraced along
وطارد الخيل في ضنك لو اطَّردت
أراقمُspeckled serpents of الرملsand فيهthrough it خِفنthey would fear منof زللِslipping
أراقمُ الرمل فيه خِفن من زللِ
and pursuer of horses in straits where, if they raced,
The horseman who, had he pursued,
the sand's speckled serpents would fear to slip.
Would have made the hills of sand pour forth because of his slipperiness.
لاnot يُسْتباحُis made lawful prey أسيرٌa captive فيin مواكبهِhis retinues
لا يُسْتباحُ أسيرٌ في مواكبهِ
ولاnor يُباحُis permitted دمُthe blood of المستأمِنthe safe-conduct seeker الوجِلِfrightened
ولا يُباحُ دمُ المستأمِن الوجِلِ
No captive is made lawful prey in his retinues,
No captive is permitted in his retinue,
nor is the frightened seeker of safe-conduct's blood permitted.
Nor is the blood of one who seeks refuge unlawfully shed.
تشكوcomplain السَّوابقthe thoroughbreds منof إدْمانconstant repetition of غارتِهhis raiding
تشكو السَّوابق من إدْمان غارتِه
علىagainst البهاليلnoble chiefs يومon the day of الرَّوْعbattle-terror والحِللand encampments
على البهاليل يوم الرَّوْع والحِلل
The thoroughbreds complain of his incessant raiding
The thoroughbred horses complain of his repeated raids
against noble chiefs on the day of terror, and against encampments;
Against the roan mares on the days of panic and covered bridles.
ظمأىthirsty إلىfor الماءِwater تطْويهthey pass it by وتنْظُرُهand look at it
ظمأى إلى الماءِ تطْويه وتنْظُرُه
مشغولةًoccupied بقراعِwith striking القومِthe enemy عنaway from بَللِwetness
مشغولةً بقراعِ القومِ عن بَللِ
thirsty for water, they pass it by while looking at it,
Yearning for water, he takes it by force and defends it,
too busy striking the enemy to wet themselves.
Preoccupied with the warfare of the tribe against deprivation.
حتىuntil إذاwhen هجَّرتreached midday شمسthe sun of الضحىforenoon وردتthey came to drink
حتى إذا هجَّرت شمس الضحى وردت
ماءwater of المفارقِhead-partings منin عَلٍّa second draught ومنand in نَهَلِa first draught
ماء المفارقِ من عَلٍّ ومن نَهَلِ
Until, when the forenoon sun reaches midday, they come to drink
Until the sun sets and the water of parting returns
the water of parted scalps, for second draughts and first.
From elevation and descent mixed with rainwater from the clouds,
يُعيدهاhe brings them back بينamong مخضوبٍone dyed red قوائمُهits legs
يُعيدها بين مخضوبٍ قوائمُه
ولابسٍand one wearing لرؤوسwith the heads of الصِّيدproud chiefs مُنْتعلِas footwear
ولابسٍ لرؤوس الصِّيد مُنْتعلِ
He brings them back, some with their legs dyed red,
He restores it between bloodstained hooves
and some wearing proud chiefs' heads as shoes.
And wearing the heads of prey about his neck.
شوكthorns of الرماحspears إذاwhen ترعاهُthey graze on it فيin رهَجٍbattle dust
شوك الرماح إذا ترعاهُ في رهَجٍ
أشهىmore appetizing إليهاto them منthan الحوْذانbuttercups والنَّفَلِand clover
أشهى إليها من الحوْذان والنَّفَلِ
The thorns of spears, when they graze on them amid dust,
The thorns of the spears, when he rides forth enraged,
are sweeter to them than buttercups and clover.
Are dearer to him than gifts and presents.
أثَّرتyou left فيin الأرضthe earth ذكراًrenown لوif تفوزwere to win بهit
أثَّرت في الأرض ذكراً لو تفوز به
شمسthe sun of الضحىforenoon أمنتwould be safe منfrom ظلمةthe darkness of الطفلdusk
شمس الضحى أمنت من ظلمة الطفل
You left on earth a renown that, were it won
You have left a legacy in the land - were the sun of daybreak to inherit it,
by the morning sun, would save it from the darkness of dusk.
It would be safe from the darkness of eclipses.
ماno خِطَّةٌtract of land فيin بلادِthe lands of اللهِGod نازحَةٌfar away
ما خِطَّةٌ في بلادِ اللهِ نازحَةٌ
إلاexcept وذكركand your renown فيهاin it غايةُthe height of المَثلِproverbial example
إلا وذكرك فيها غايةُ المَثلِ
No tract in God's lands is so distant
There is no contested territory in the lands of God
that your renown there is not the height of proverbial fame.
In which your name is not the epitome of example.
ينميgrows الوليدُthe child علىupon ذكراكَyour renown مُعتقداًbelieving
ينمي الوليدُ على ذكراكَ مُعتقداً
فيin نفسهhis mind أنَّكَthat you are العنقاءُthe legendary ʿAnqa bird فيon الجبلِthe mountain
في نفسه أنَّكَ العنقاءُ في الجبلِ
The child grows up hearing of you, believing
Al-Walid nurtures the memory of you, believing
in his heart that you are the ʿAnqa upon the mountain.
You to be the she-camel amid the mountain crags.
ماno قارعَstriker of الهامskulls يُرويslakes حدَّthe edge of صارمهhis sharp sword
ما قارعَ الهام يُروي حدَّ صارمه
يومon the day of الهياجbattle tumult كسيفlike Sayf الدولةal-Dawla البطلِthe hero
يوم الهياج كسيف الدولة البطلِ
No skull-striker slakes his sharp sword's edge
None who clashes with the guards dares match the sharpness
on the day of battle like Sayf al-Dawla, the hero.
Of his sword on the day of fury, like Saif al-Dawla the hero.
يُغْنِيsuffices إذاwhen ماindeed غزاhe campaigns إفراطُthe excess of هيبتهِhis awe
يُغْنِي إذا ما غزا إفراطُ هيبتهِ
عنin place of الصَّوارمsharp swords والعَسَّالةِand quivering spears الذُبُلِslender
عن الصَّوارم والعَسَّالةِ الذُبُلِ
When he campaigns, the sheer immensity of his awe suffices
When he invades, the excess of his awe
in place of sharp swords and quivering, slender spears.
Makes swords and armored soldiers redundant.
فماand so not يُلاقيhe meets عِديَenemies إلاexcept جُسومُهُمُtheir bodies
فما يُلاقي عِديَ إلا جُسومُهُمُ
منfrom قبلbefore وخزpiercing by القناspears صرعىfallen منfrom الوجلfear
من قبل وخز القنا صرعى من الوجل
And so he meets no foes but their bodies,
So he meets no foe but their corpses
fallen from terror before the spears' thrusts.
Fall prostrate from fear and dread.
عليهupon him منfrom صبرهhis patience فيin الخطبadversity سابغةٌa full coat of mail
عليه من صبره في الخطب سابغةٌ
يلقىhe meets المُلماتcalamities فيهاin it غيرwithout مُحتفلِconcern
يلقى المُلمات فيها غير مُحتفلِ
He wears a full coat of mail of his patience in adversity,
His steadfastness in calamities is boundless,
and meets calamities within it, unperturbed.
He withstands therein the catastrophes without concern.
يغترُّbeams مُبتسماًsmiling فيamid كلevery نائبَةٍcalamity
يغترُّ مُبتسماً في كل نائبَةٍ
كأنَّas though بُشراهُhis glad tidings وقعُthe occurrence of الحادثthe event الجَللgrave
كأنَّ بُشراهُ وقعُ الحادث الجَلل
He beams, smiling amid every affliction,
He smiles through every mishap
as though a grave disaster's coming were his glad tidings.
As if good tidings had come and momentous events taken place.
أغرُّradiant يجلوdispels سناهُhis radiance كلevery مُظْلمةٍdarkness
أغرُّ يجلو سناهُ كل مُظْلمةٍ
عارٍbare منof الشحِّgreed مُعرورٍstripped منof البُخلِstinginess
عارٍ من الشحِّ مُعرورٍ من البُخلِ
Radiant, his splendor dispels every darkness,
My greatest pride is to illuminate every darkness
bare of greed, stripped of stinginess.
Of shame or stinginess or disgrace.
هوhe الوهوبُthe lavish giver وسحبwhile the clouds of الجوthe sky باخلةٌare stingy
هو الوهوبُ وسحب الجو باخلةٌ
والمستغاثُand the sought-for rescuer وحاميwhile the protector of الحيthe tribe فيin شُغلِpreoccupation
والمستغاثُ وحامي الحي في شُغلِ
He is the lavish giver when the sky's clouds are stingy,
He both helps and protects the living in their plight,
and the sought-for rescuer when the tribe's protector is occupied.
Unasked, the most generous of men without being asked.
مُعاجلٌhastening بالندىwith generosity منfrom غيرabsence of مسألةٍa request
مُعاجلٌ بالندى من غير مسألةٍ
وأكرمand the noblest of الناسpeople منthe one who أعطىgave ولمand was not يُسلasked
وأكرم الناس من أعطى ولم يُسل
He hastens with generosity without being asked,
When offenses provoke him, he responds
and the noblest of men is he who gives unasked.
With pardon. He is forbearing, not hotheaded.
إذاwhen الجرائمُoffenses هاجتْهُroused him تَغمَّدهاhe covered them
إذا الجرائمُ هاجتْهُ تَغمَّدها
بالصفحwith pardon منهfrom him حليمٌforbearing غيرُnot ذيpossessing فشلِweakness
بالصفح منه حليمٌ غيرُ ذي فشلِ
When offenses rouse him, he covers them
His grudges die when he is able to retaliate.
with his pardon: forbearing, yet without weakness.
The freeman forgets the ugliness of mistakes.
تموتُdie أضْغانُهhis grudges إبَّانat the height of قُدرتهِhis power
تموتُ أضْغانُه إبَّان قُدرتهِ
وقدرةand the power of الحُرِّthe noble man تنسىmakes forgotten فاحشgrievous الخطلfolly
وقدرة الحُرِّ تنسى فاحش الخطل
His grudges die at the height of his power,
He hits the mark with insight where eyes fail
and a noble man's power makes him forget grievous folly.
Whether near or far, sooner or later.
يُصيبُattains بالرأيthrough judgment ماwhat يَعْياis baffled العيانُdirect sight بهby it
يُصيبُ بالرأي ما يَعْيا العيانُ به
فيin القربnearness والمنتأىand remoteness والريثand delay والعجلand haste
في القرب والمنتأى والريث والعجل
Through judgment he attains what direct sight cannot,
The arrows of his thoughts fly straight;
in nearness and remoteness, in delay and haste.
Only the hand of fate protects him from going astray.
فليسso not يرشقُstrikes مرمىَa target سهمُthe arrow of فكرتهhis thought
فليس يرشقُ مرمىَ سهمُ فكرته
إلاunless يدُthe hand of الغَيْبthe unseen تحميهguards it منfrom الزَّللِerror
إلا يدُ الغَيْب تحميه من الزَّللِ
No target is struck by the arrow of his thought
If Tuhlan had suffered what you have endured
without the hand of the unseen guarding it from error.
Of tribulations, O son of noble lords.
لوif أنَّthat ثَهْلانَThahlan لاقىmet ماwhat رُميتَyou were assailed بهwith it
لو أنَّ ثَهْلانَ لاقى ما رُميتَ به
منof الحوادثcalamities ياO ابنson of السادةِmasters النُبلِnoble
من الحوادث يا ابن السادةِ النُبلِ
Had Thahlan met what you were assailed with
The sandgrouse would not have nested on him,
of calamities, O son of noble masters,
And the torrents of calamity poured forth in haste.
لاsurely (emphatic) اسْتَفْرشَتْهwould have trodden it flat خفافpads of العيسpale camels مرقلةًmoving swiftly
لا اسْتَفْرشَتْه خفاف العيس مرقلةً
وسالand it would flow سيلlike the flow of النَّقاthe sand dune فيdown مزلقٍa slippery slope عَجلِswift
وسال سيل النَّقا في مزلقٍ عَجلِ
the pads of swift pale camels would surely have trodden it flat,
Had the foam of the sea smote his left side,
and it would have flowed like a sand dune down a slippery, rushing slope.
The sea would have been reckoned as flotsam.
ولوand if أصابstruck عُبابthe surge of البحرthe sea أيْسرُهthe slightest of it
ولو أصاب عُباب البحر أيْسرُه
لأصبحthen would become البحرُthe sea معدوداًcounted منamong الوشلscant trickles
لأصبح البحرُ معدوداً من الوشل
Had the slightest of it struck the sea's surge,
If a spark from it had blown upon him,
the sea would have been counted among scant trickles.
It would have overwhelmed the fires he bore.
ولوand if علىover النارthe fire مرَّتpassed منهfrom it لافحةٌa searing blast
ولو على النار مرَّت منه لافحةٌ
لغالَبwould overpower النارَthe fire ماwhat فيهis in it منof الشُّعلِflames
لغالَب النارَ ما فيه من الشُّعلِ
And had a searing blast of it passed over fire,
Yet you endure every disaster
the flames within it would have overpowered the fire.
Without cowardice or relying on others.
وأنتyet you تحملُbear منهof it كلevery فادحةٍcrushing calamity
وأنت تحملُ منه كل فادحةٍ
لاnot بالجبانas a coward ولاnor الهيّابةِthe timorous الوكِلِhelpless
لا بالجبان ولا الهيّابةِ الوكِلِ
Yet you bear every crushing burden of it,
I cannot add with my words to your stature
neither a coward nor a fearful, helpless weakling.
In the deep sea, which makes common rocks seem solid.
وماand not أزيدُكَI raise you مماby what قلتُI said منْزلةًin rank
وما أزيدُكَ مما قلتُ منْزلةً
فيin لُجَّةthe depths of اليمِّthe sea ماthat which يُغْنيdispenses عنwith السملscant residual water
في لُجَّة اليمِّ ما يُغْني عن السمل
Nothing I have said adds to your rank:
Eulogy, however excellent I render it,
the ocean's depths hold enough to do without a scant pool.
Cannot match the glory inherent in you.
ولاnor المديحُpraise وإنْeven if أحسنتُI perfect رونقهُits luster
ولا المديحُ وإنْ أحسنتُ رونقهُ
علىover الذيthat which فيكis in you منof مجدٍglory بمُشتملencompassing
على الذي فيك من مجدٍ بمُشتمل
Nor can praise, though I perfect its luster,
I have envied to the point of sunset in the valleys
encompass the glory that is in you.
And felt shame until the setting of the clouds.
أقدمتyou advanced boldly حتىuntil غروبedges of البيضbright swords فيin حسدenvy
أقدمت حتى غروب البيض في حسد
وجُدْتand you gave lavishly حتىuntil قطارdownpours of السحبclouds فيin خجلshame
وجُدْت حتى قطار السحب في خجل
You were bold until the edges of bright swords grew envious,
See how Al-Jur and the heroes flee
and gave until the clouds' downpours were ashamed.
When the Emir faces the narrowness of war.
أنظرlook إذwhen الكُرْجthe Georgians والأبطالُand the champions هاربةٌfleeing
أنظر إذ الكُرْج والأبطالُ هاربةٌ
صبرthe steadfastness of الأميرthe prince لضيقin the straits of الحربwar والسُّبلand the roads
صبر الأمير لضيق الحرب والسُّبل
Look, when the Georgians and the champions fled,
Has any sword but his been unsheathed
at the prince's steadfastness in the straits of war and narrow paths.
And has any pillar fallen while still standing?
وهلand was تجرَّدdrawn سيفٌa sword غيرَother than صارمهِhis sharp sword
وهل تجرَّد سيفٌ غيرَ صارمهِ
وزالwhile withdrew كلevery كميٍّarmored warrior وهوwhile he لمdid not يَزُلwithdraw
وزال كل كميٍّ وهو لم يَزُل
Was any sword drawn but his sharp blade,
On the day of the fortress of Bashir when he left them
when every armored warrior withdrew and he stood firm?
Strewn prone upon the ground, captive and incapacitated.
ويومand on the day of حصنthe fortress of بَشيرٍBashir حيثwhere غادرهمْhe left them
ويوم حصن بَشيرٍ حيث غادرهمْ
صرعىfallen علىupon القاعthe plain منamong ثاوٍthose lying dead ومعتقلand those held captive
صرعى على القاع من ثاوٍ ومعتقل
And on the day of Bashir's fortress, where he left them
And the assault upon flourishing Basra that caused them
fallen upon the plain, some lying dead, some captive;
A blow from which the Battle of the Camel could not distract.
ونُوبةُand the encounter at البصرةBasra الفيحاءspacious أوردهُمْhe made them taste
ونُوبةُ البصرة الفيحاء أوردهُمْ
ضرباًa kind منof الضربstriking يُنسيmakes forgotten وقعةthe battle of الجملthe Camel
ضرباً من الضرب يُنسي وقعة الجمل
and at the encounter in spacious Basra, he dealt them
You have never hesitated to plunge into the fray
blows of a kind that made the Battle of the Camel forgotten.
Except for one ignorant of your affair and unable to attain it.
وماand no one اسْتراثكَthought you slow فيin الإقدامِadvancing آونةًfor a time
وما اسْتراثكَ في الإقدامِ آونةً
إلاexcept جهولٌan ignorant man فيinto الأسرارthe secrets لمdid not يَصلِreach
إلا جهولٌ في الأسرار لم يَصلِ
None deemed you slow in advancing for a time
There are causes in obeying God that protect
but an ignorant man who had not penetrated the secrets.
So wild beasts lurk fearfully in the arid land.
فيin طاعةِobedience to اللهGod أسْبابٌreasons مُجَنِّبَةٌcausing avoidance
في طاعةِ الله أسْبابٌ مُجَنِّبَةٌ
تَظلُّremain منهاbecause of them لُيوثُlions of الغابِthe thicket فيin وهَلِfear
تَظلُّ منها لُيوثُ الغابِ في وهَلِ
Obedience to God has reasons that hold one back,
How many miserly men, submissive to your power,
leaving the lions of the thicket in fear.
Have reddened their cheeks for the Merciful in dread!
وكمand how many بخيلٍone begrudging بتسليمٍsubmission لعزَّتِهِbecause of his pride
وكم بخيلٍ بتسليمٍ لعزَّتِهِ
يُعفرُrubs in dust الخدthe cheek للرحمنbefore the Merciful فيin وَجَلfear
يُعفرُ الخد للرحمن في وَجَل
How many a man, withholding submission out of pride,
When religion comes, steps falter,
rubs his cheek in dust before the Merciful, in fear.
Since we have no means to combat God.
إذاwhen أتىcomes into play الدينُreligion فالأقدامthen bold advance مَنْقصةٌa failing
إذا أتى الدينُ فالأقدام مَنْقصةٌ
وماand not لناwe have بقراعfor contending with اللهGod منany قِبَلِstrength
وما لنا بقراع الله من قِبَلِ
When religion is at stake, bold advance is a failing,
The pride of kings is a bliss they delight in,
and we have no strength to contend with God.
While you delight in bliss from an ardent zeal.
فخرُthe pride of المُلوكِkings نعيمٌluxury يرغدونَthey live at ease بهِin it
فخرُ المُلوكِ نعيمٌ يرغدونَ بهِ
وأنتwhile you فيin رغَدٍabundance منfrom هِمَّةٍambition خضلِflourishing
وأنت في رغَدٍ من هِمَّةٍ خضلِ
The pride of kings is luxury in which they live at ease,
I weary men in arbitrating the claims
while yours is the abundance of a flourishing ambition.
Of who is most rightful to the lands and leadership.
وأتعبُand the most laborious of الناسpeople فيin إنصافdoing justice to مُحتكمٍone seeking judgment
وأتعبُ الناس في إنصاف مُحتكمٍ
أحقُّهمْthe most entitled of them ببلادto the lands of اللهِGod والدُّوَلِand dominions
أحقُّهمْ ببلاد اللهِ والدُّوَلِ
He who labors hardest to give a petitioner justice
Yours are the valuables taken from the worms of their affair,
is most entitled to God's lands and dominions.
A blow to the kings and flames set upon the hills.
لكyours are الغطاريفُthe noble chiefs منfrom دودانَDudan شأنهُمtheir practice
لك الغطاريفُ من دودانَ شأنهُم
ضربstriking الملوكkings ورفعand raising النارfire فيupon القُللthe peaks
ضرب الملوك ورفع النار في القُلل
Yours are the noble chiefs of Dudan, whose practice
They are deluded, the pleasure-loving spendthrifts,
is striking kings and raising fires upon the peaks.
Who waste wealth on amusements and honey sweets.
غُرٌّradiant بهاليلُnoble chiefs وهَّابونَlavish givers of ماwhat كَسَبواthey acquired
غُرٌّ بهاليلُ وهَّابونَ ما كَسَبوا
منof اللُّهىriches متلفونspenders of المالwealth فيon النحلِgifts
من اللُّهى متلفون المال في النحلِ
Radiant noble chiefs, lavish givers of what they earn
They withhold nothing when hardship befalls,
in riches, spending wealth freely on gifts;
Nor forbid generosity on false pretexts.
لاnot يحرمونَthey deny anyone إذاwhen ماever أزمةٌa crisis نَزلتْbefalls
لا يحرمونَ إذا ما أزمةٌ نَزلتْ
ولاnor يجيزونthey permit منْعwithholding الجودِbounty بالعِللِon excuses
ولا يجيزون منْع الجودِ بالعِللِ
they deny no one when a crisis befalls,
Aggressors of restraint, wickedly inclined,
nor permit excuses for withholding bounty.
So dawn belongs to the army and darkness to the camels.
العاقرونhamstringers of العِدىfoes والنيبand aged she-camels فيamid رهجٍdust
العاقرون العِدى والنيب في رهجٍ
فالصبحُso morning للجيشfor the army والظَّلماءُand darkness للإبلِfor the camels
فالصبحُ للجيش والظَّلماءُ للإبلِ
Hamstringers of foes and aged she-camels amid dust:
The awesomeness of his character fills the world
morning is for the army, and darkness for the camels.
Wherever the living turn, festively exalted.
منamong كلeach أغلبَmighty, thick-necked warrior ملءُfilling الدهرall time هيبتهُhis awe
من كل أغلبَ ملءُ الدهر هيبتهُ
معظَّمٍrevered فيin عينِthe eye of الحيِّthe tribe مُحتفلِhonored
معظَّمٍ في عينِ الحيِّ مُحتفلِ
Each is a mighty warrior whose awe fills all time,
A cloud from his fingers waters the lands -
revered in the tribe's eyes, accorded every honor.
If it spreads out, then richly colored meadows abound.
يسقيwaters البلادَthe lands غمامٌa rain cloud منfrom أناملِهhis fingertips
يسقي البلادَ غمامٌ من أناملِه
فإنbut if سطاhe strikes فبقانيthen with crimson اللَّونin color مُنْهملِpouring down
فإن سطا فبقاني اللَّون مُنْهملِ
A rain cloud from his fingertips waters the lands,
They are the kings, and my words are no innovation
but when he strikes, it pours down crimson.
In describing a glory that needs no improvisation.
هُمُthey الملوكُthe kings وماand not قوليmy words بمُبْتدَعٍinvented
هُمُ الملوكُ وما قولي بمُبْتدَعٍ
فيin وصفdescribing مجدٍglory لاnot مدحيmy praise بمرتجلimprovised
في وصف مجدٍ لا مدحي بمرتجل
They are the kings, and my words are no invention
When Abu Hasan died, his tomb deserved more tears
in describing glory; nor is my praise improvised.
Than the rainclouds pouring down their loads.
سقىmay it water أباAbu حسنٍHasan إذsince كانَwas مرقدُهhis resting place
سقى أبا حسنٍ إذ كانَ مرقدُه
أحقmore deserving بالدمعof tears منthan صوبthe downpour of الحياrain الهطلstreaming
أحق بالدمع من صوب الحيا الهطل
May Abu Hasan be watered, since his resting place
A generosity, when the south wind gusts against it,
was worthier of tears than of streaming rain,
Melts boulders because of the constant drizzle.
جَوْدٌcopious rain إذاwhen عصفتblew fiercely ريحthe wind of الجنوبthe south بهupon it
جَوْدٌ إذا عصفت ريح الجنوب به
ذابdissolved الحصىthe pebbles منfrom دوامcontinuity of القطرraindrops والبللand wetness
ذاب الحصى من دوام القطر والبلل
by a downpour that, when the south wind blows upon it,
Truly, when the winds grew hot and lack was burdensome,
melts the pebbles with ceaseless drops and wetness.
And evil burned from its flaming mouths.
فإنهfor he كانwas والَّلأْواءُwhile hardship عارِقَةٌstripping flesh to bone
فإنه كان والَّلأْواءُ عارِقَةٌ
والشرand evil يحرقgnashes منwith أنيابهits fangs العُصُلِcrooked
والشر يحرق من أنيابه العُصُلِ
For he, when hardship was gnawing to the bone,
It satisfied the poor and gave refuge to those who sought it
and evil gnashed its crooked fangs,
In the garb of one who apologizes, embarrassed by his act.
يُغنيenriches الفقيرَthe poor man ويحميand shelters المُستجيرthe refuge-seeker بهwith him
يُغني الفقيرَ ويحمي المُستجير به
فيin زيthe guise of مُعتذرٍan apologizer منfor فعلهhis deed خجلِashamed
في زي مُعتذرٍ من فعله خجلِ
made the poor rich and sheltered whoever sought refuge with him,
The guest was met by his beaming face
like an apologizer ashamed of his own deed.
That made one forget worn garments and pleasant food.
ويلتقيand meets الضيفthe guest فيwith وجهٍa face بشاشتُهُits cheerfulness
ويلتقي الضيف في وجهٍ بشاشتُهُ
تنسيmakes forget الخميصthe hungry man شهيَّappetizing الزادprovisions والأُكلِand food
تنسي الخميص شهيَّ الزاد والأُكلِ
And he met the guest with a face whose cheerfulness
No arrogance ever seeped into his manners
made the hungry forget delicious provisions and food.
Nor did the number of supporters make him haughty.
ماnot دبَّcrept فيin عطفهhis side كبرٌpride ولاnor شمختraised
ما دبَّ في عطفه كبرٌ ولا شمخت
بأنفهhis nose كثرةُthe multitude of الأعْوانِhelpers والخَوَلِand servants
بأنفه كثرةُ الأعْوانِ والخَوَلِ
No pride crept into his frame, nor was his nose raised
He would tremble with delight at poetry
by a multitude of helpers and servants.
As wine cups do, or one drunk and confused.
وكانand he would يهتزُّsway للأشعارِat poetry منfrom طَربٍrapture
وكان يهتزُّ للأشعارِ من طَربٍ
هزَّlike the shaking of القضيبthe twig بمرat the passage of العاصفthe gale الزجِلِroaring
هزَّ القضيب بمر العاصف الزجِلِ
He would sway with rapture at poetry,
As if each verse he heard
like a twig shaken by a passing, roaring gale.
Was a cup of wine or a rhythm to enrapture.
كأنماas though كلُّevery بيتٍverse كانَhe would يسمعُهُhear it
كأنما كلُّ بيتٍ كانَ يسمعُهُ
كأسa cup منof الخمرwine أوor ضربa kind منof الخبلِmadness
كأس من الخمر أو ضرب من الخبلِ
As though every verse he heard
His innocence cannot be doubted, his chastity never exchanged
were a cup of wine or a kind of madness.
For licentiousness or the loss of propriety through immorality.
مُطهَّرُpure in البُرْدthe mantle لاnot يُرتابُis doubted عِفَّتهhis chastity
مُطهَّرُ البُرْد لا يُرتابُ عِفَّته
ولاnor يُبدلexchanges السكرdrunkenness منهin him الصونِrestraint بالبِذلِfor abandon
ولا يُبدل السكر منه الصونِ بالبِذلِ
Pure of mantle, his chastity was not doubted,
He passed away but his passing did not diminish
nor did drunkenness exchange his restraint for abandon.
Abu Al-Agharr, ever bountiful and gracious.
مضىhe passed away ولمyet did not يمضpass away منone whose كانتwas ذخيرتُهُhis legacy
مضى ولم يمض من كانت ذخيرتُهُ
أباAbu الأغرِّal-Agharr دُبيْساًDubays أكرمَthe noblest of البَدلِsuccessors
أبا الأغرِّ دُبيْساً أكرمَ البَدلِ
He passed away, yet he has not passed whose legacy was
I am he who sold his soul out of passion
Abu al-Agharr, Dubays, the noblest successor.
And did not fear the worst of my days or lose hope.
أناI الذيthe one who بعتُsold فيكfor you النفسthe soul منout of علقattachment
أنا الذي بعتُ فيك النفس من علق
ولمand did not أخفI fear شرَّthe evil of أياميmy days ولمand did not أُبَلِI care
ولم أخف شرَّ أيامي ولم أُبَلِ
I am he who sold his soul for you out of attachment,
I confessed love while the days concealed it
and feared not the evil of my days, nor cared.
And your praise was the thread of my ode.
وبُحتُand I avowed بالودِّaffection والأيامُwhile the days كاتمةٌwere concealing
وبُحتُ بالودِّ والأيامُ كاتمةٌ
وكانand was ذكركyour remembrance فيamid مدحpraise of العِدىenemies غزليmy love poetry
وكان ذكرك في مدح العِدى غزلي
I avowed my affection while the days concealed it,
I said what glory and nobility were in you
and your remembrance was my love song amid praise of foes.
At a stance that, had Suhban witnessed, he would not have matched.
وقلتand I spoke of ماwhat فيكis in you منof مجدglory ومنand of شرفhonor
وقلت ما فيك من مجد ومن شرف
فيin موقفa situation لوif حوىcontained سحبانSahban لمwould not يقُلhe speak
في موقف لو حوى سحبان لم يقُل
I spoke of the glory and honor within you
Praising others falsely was distasteful,
in a situation where, had it held Sahban, he would not have spoken.
Like one forbidden drink yet praising the fresh water.
ومدحand praising غيركothers than you منيby me كانwas عنfrom حَرجٍconstraint
ومدح غيرك مني كان عن حَرجٍ
قدindeed يحمدmay praise الرشفsipping ممنوعٌone denied منof النَّهلِa full draught
قد يحمد الرشف ممنوعٌ من النَّهلِ
My praise of others than you arose from constraint:
A man has circumstances that refine his manners
one denied a full draught may praise a sip.
Though not all aloofness stems from boredom.
وللفتىand a young man has حالةٌa condition تَنْضوهُstrips him شيمتُهhis character
وللفتى حالةٌ تَنْضوهُ شيمتُه
رغماًagainst his will وماand not كلevery إعراضٍturning away منfrom المَلَلِboredom
رغماً وما كل إعراضٍ من المَلَلِ
A man has moments when his nature strips him bare
The bonds to the House of God remain unbroken
against his will; not every turning away comes from boredom.
From one who dwells reclusively in the lands of China.
إنَّindeed الصلاتprayer لبيتtoward the House of اللهGod ماضيةٌvalid
إنَّ الصلات لبيت الله ماضيةٌ
منfrom عازبٍa distant man ببلادِin the lands of الصينChina مُعتزلِwithdrawn
من عازبٍ ببلادِ الصين مُعتزلِ
Indeed, prayer toward God's House remains valid
I am your cousin, and lineage attests
from a distant man withdrawn in the lands of China.
I have come only with proof and spoke no lies.
أناI ابنُson of عمِّكَyour paternal uncle والأنسابُand genealogies شاهدةٌbear witness
أنا ابنُ عمِّكَ والأنسابُ شاهدةٌ
لمnot آتِI came إلاexcept ببرهانٍwith proof ولمand not أقلِI spoke
لم آتِ إلا ببرهانٍ ولم أقلِ
I am your cousin, and genealogies bear witness:
Do not Tamim and Auf include Mudar?
I bring only proof, not mere words.
Inquire of the people about our summer and winter abodes.
أماas for تميمٌTamim وعوْفٌand ʿAwf ضَمَّهاunited them مْضرٌMudar
أما تميمٌ وعوْفٌ ضَمَّها مْضرٌ
فاستخبِرِso inquire of القومthe people عنabout صَيْفِّيناour two Sayfis وسلِand ask
فاستخبِرِ القوم عن صَيْفِّينا وسلِ
As for Tamim and ʿAwf, Mudar united them;
Moreover, Tamim is descended from Asad
so ask the people about our two Sayfis, and inquire.
In the abode of the maternal uncle, as chronicles confirm for me.
هذاthis وإنَّand indeed تميماًTamim كانَwas منin relation to أسَدٍAsad
هذا وإنَّ تميماً كانَ من أسَدٍ
فيin منزلِthe position of الخالِthe maternal uncle والأخبارand the accounts تشهدbear witness ليfor me
في منزلِ الخالِ والأخبار تشهد لي
This, and Tamim was to Asad
as a maternal uncle; the accounts bear witness for me.
Partial English translation: 156 of 158 Arabic lines translated.