عَزَمتُI adjured عَلىupon المَنازِلِthe dwellings أَنto تُبيناspeak clearly
عَزَمتُ عَلى المَنازِلِ أَن تُبينا
وَإِنand though دِمَنٌruins بَلينَthey wore away كَماas بَليناwe wore away
وَإِن دِمَنٌ بَلينَ كَما بَلينا
I adjured the dwellings to speak clearly,
I am determined that the stages reveal
though they are ruins worn away as we are worn.
Whether a land is fertile as we were fertile
نُمَتَّعُwe are granted enjoyment مِنof تَدانيnearness to مَنthose whom قَليناwe loathed
نُمَتَّعُ مِن تَداني مَن قَلينا
وَنُمنَعُand we are denied مِنfrom تَدانيnearness to مَنthose whom هَويناwe loved
وَنُمنَعُ مِن تَداني مَن هَوينا
We are granted the nearness of those we loathe,
We enjoy the nearness of those we held little
and denied the nearness of those we love.
And forbid the nearness of those we loved
فَكَمso how many مِنa مُنتَوىًdistant sojourn لَهُمُof theirs لَوَif only أَنّاthat we
فَكَم مِن مُنتَوىً لَهُمُ لَوَ أَنّا
نُعانيwe endure مُرَّهُits bitterness حيناًfor a time فَحيناthen for another time
نُعاني مُرَّهُ حيناً فَحينا
How many are their far-off sojourns—if only we
How many places of rest for them, if only
suffered their bitterness merely now and then!
We shared its bitterness for a while
جَمَعناwe gathered مِنfrom لَياليهِits nights شُهوراًmonths
جَمَعنا مِن لَياليهِ شُهوراً
وَمِنand from أَعدادِthe number of أَشهُرِهِits months سِنيناyears
وَمِن أَعدادِ أَشهُرِهِ سِنينا
We have gathered months from their nights,
We gathered from its nights months
and years from the tally of their months.
And from the count of its months years
نُليحُwe waste away مِنَfrom الغَرامِconsuming love إِذاwhen اِعتَراناit overtakes us
نُليحُ مِنَ الغَرامِ إِذا اِعتَرانا
وَأَبرَحُand more grievous مِنهُthan it أَلّاthat not يَعتَريناit overtake us
وَأَبرَحُ مِنهُ أَلّا يَعتَرينا
We waste away when consuming love overtakes us,
We fall sick with love when it afflicts us
yet worse than love is that it should not overtake us.
And recover from it before it afflicts us
وَمِنand among سَقَمٍsickness مَبيتُspending the night المَرءِof a man خِلواًfree of love
وَمِن سَقَمٍ مَبيتُ المَرءِ خِلواً
بِلاwithout سَقَمٍillness يَبيتُhe spends the night لَهُto it رَهيناin thrall
بِلا سَقَمٍ يَبيتُ لَهُ رَهينا
And it is a sickness for a man to pass the night heart-free,
And of an illness, the person spends night alone
without an illness to which he lies captive.
While he spends night held hostage without illness
شَرَكناwe shared with العيسَthe pale camels ماnot نَدَعُwe abandon التَصابيyouthful dalliance
شَرَكنا العيسَ ما نَدَعُ التَصابي
لِواحِدَةٍfor one woman وَماand not تَدَعُthey abandon الحَنيناthe plaintive cries
لِواحِدَةٍ وَما تَدَعُ الحَنينا
We share the pale camels' state: we do not forsake youthful longing
We shared love, we don't leave yearning
for one woman, nor do they forsake their plaintive cries.
For one, and she doesn't leave yearning
إِذاwhen بَدَأَتthey begin لَناfor us أُسلوبَa strain of شَوقٍlonging
إِذا بَدَأَت لَنا أُسلوبَ شَوقٍ
رَأَيناwe see فيin التَصابيyouthful dalliance ماwhat تُريناthey show us
رَأَينا في التَصابي ما تُرينا
When they begin a strain of longing before us,
When she started a way of longing for us
we see in youthful passion what they show us.
We saw in the tryst what you show us
بِعَمرِكَby your life كَيفَhow نَرضىwe are pleased with ماwhat أَباناspurned us
بِعَمرِكَ كَيفَ نَرضى ما أَبانا
مِنَof الدُنياthe world وَنَسخَطُand we resent ماwhat يَجيناcomes to us
مِنَ الدُنيا وَنَسخَطُ ما يَجينا
By your life, how can we be pleased with what spurns us
By your life, how can we accept what enriched us
in this world, yet resent what comes to us?
From the world and resent what impoverished us
عَناناtroubled us ماwhat عَساهُit may perhaps يُزالُbe removed عَنّاfrom us
عَنانا ما عَساهُ يُزالُ عَنّا
وَأَنصَبَناand exhausted us تَكَلُّفُundertaking ماwhat كُفيناwe were spared
وَأَنصَبَنا تَكَلُّفُ ما كُفينا
We are troubled by what may yet be removed from us,
What we couldn't remove from ourselves
and exhausted by undertaking what we have been spared.
And the pretense of what sufficed us burdened us
يُقَيَّضُis allotted لِلحَريصِto the covetous الغَيظُvexation بَحتاًunmixed
يُقَيَّضُ لِلحَريصِ الغَيظُ بَحتاً
وَتَتَّجِهُand go الحُظوظُthe shares of fortune لِمَنto whom قُضيناthey were decreed
وَتَتَّجِهُ الحُظوظُ لِمَن قُضينا
Nothing but vexation is allotted to the covetous,
Frustration is destined for the greedy openly
while fortune's shares go to those for whom they were decreed.
And fortunes turn to those we were destined
وَماand what هُوَit كائِنٌis to be وَإِنِand even if اِستَطَلناwe deem long
وَما هُوَ كائِنٌ وَإِنِ اِستَطَلنا
إِلَيهِtoward it النَهجَthe road يوشِكُis about أَنto يَكوناcome to pass
إِلَيهِ النَهجَ يوشِكُ أَن يَكونا
And what is to be, though we find long
What will happen, even if we pave
the road toward it, will soon come to pass.
A way to it, is about to be
فَلاso do not تُغرَرbe deceived مِنَby الأَيّامِthe days وَاِنظُرand look
فَلا تُغرَر مِنَ الأَيّامِ وَاِنظُر
إِلىat أَقسامِهاtheir allotments عَمَّنfrom whom زُويناthey were withheld
إِلى أَقسامِها عَمَّن زُوينا
So do not be deceived by the days; consider
So don't be fooled by days, and look
their allotments, and from whom they are withheld.
To its types from those who were favored
كَفَلتُI guarantee بِنُجحِthe success of سارِيَةِthe night-traveling المَطاياmounts
كَفَلتُ بِنُجحِ سارِيَةِ المَطايا
إِذاwhen أَسرَتthey journey by night إِلىto أَذكوتِكيناAdhkutikin
إِذا أَسرَت إِلى أَذكوتِكينا
I guarantee success for the night-traveling mounts,
I guaranteed the success of the riding beasts
when they journey by night to Adhkutikin:
If they sneak to your firewood
إِلىto خَوفِthe terror of العِدىthe foes حَتّىuntil يَبيتواthey spend the night
إِلى خَوفِ العِدى حَتّى يَبيتوا
عَلىwith ضِغنٍrancor وَأَمنِand the safety of الخائِفيناthe fearful
عَلى ضِغنٍ وَأَمنِ الخائِفينا
to the terror of his foes, till they spend the night
To the fear of enemies until they spend night
in rancor, and to the safety of the fearful.
Restless and secure from fear
فَتىthe youth of الفِتيانِyoung men عارِفَةًin kindness وَبَأساًand in valor
فَتى الفِتيانِ عارِفَةً وَبَأساً
وَخَيرُand the best of خِيارِهِمtheir best دُنياin worldly life وَديناand in faith
وَخَيرُ خِيارِهِم دُنيا وَدينا
The foremost of young men in kindness and valor,
The best of the best in world and religion
the best of their best in worldly life and faith.
The young man of young men, knowledgeable and courageous
أَباحَhe laid open حِمىthe protected lands of الدَيالِمِthe Daylamites فيin حُروبٍwars
أَباحَ حِمى الدَيالِمِ في حُروبٍ
سَقَتgave drink to هيمَthe thirsty ones القَناthe spears حَتّىuntil رَويناthey were sated
سَقَت هيمَ القَنا حَتّى رَوينا
He laid open the protected lands of the Daylamites in wars
He permitted protected lands in wars
that gave drink to thirsty spears until they were sated.
That quenched the thirst of spears until we watered
إِذاwhen طَلَبواthey seek لَهاfor them الأَشباهَcounterparts كانَتthey are
إِذا طَلَبوا لَها الأَشباهَ كانَت
غَرائِبَwonders ماnot سُمِعنَheard of وَلاnor رُؤيناseen
غَرائِبَ ما سُمِعنَ وَلا رُؤينا
When they seek parallels for those wars, they prove
When they wanted his equals, they were
wonders never heard of nor seen.
Wonders never heard or seen
وَأَعهَدُand I remember أَرضَهُمtheir land أَعدىfiercer سِباعاًin beasts of prey
وَأَعهَدُ أَرضَهُم أَعدى سِباعاً
وَآشَبَand more tangled دونَin the path of عادِيَةٍa raiding host عَريناin thickets
وَآشَبَ دونَ عادِيَةٍ عَرينا
And I remember their land as fiercer in its beasts,
And I entrust his land to be inhabited by fiercer beasts
and denser in thickets against an onslaught.
And roofed less than a ground squirrel’s den
فَتِلكَso those جِبالُهاits mountains عادَتbecame سُهولاًplains
فَتِلكَ جِبالُها عادَت سُهولاً
وَكانَتand they were قَبلَbefore مَغزاهُhis campaign حُزوناrugged ground
وَكانَت قَبلَ مَغزاهُ حُزونا
Yet there are its mountains, turned to plains,
So those mountains became plains
which before his campaign had been rugged ground.
And they were sad before his conquests
وَكانواand they were جَمعَthe united host of مَملَكَةِa kingdom فَآلواthen they became
وَكانوا جَمعَ مَملَكَةِ فَآلوا
طَوائِفَfactions فيin مَخابيهِمtheir hiding places عَزيناscattered bands
طَوائِفَ في مَخابيهِم عَزينا
They had been a kingdom's united host, but became
And they were all one kingdom so they ended up
factions, scattered bands in their hiding places.
Scattered tribes in their burrows, saddened
وَلَمand did not يَنجُescape اِبنُthe son of جَستانٍJastan لِشَيءٍfor any reason
وَلَم يَنجُ اِبنُ جَستانٍ لِشَيءٍ
سِوىexcept الأَقدارِfate's decrees غالَبَتِovercame المَنوناdeath
سِوى الأَقدارِ غالَبَتِ المَنونا
Ibn Jastan escaped for no reason
And the son of Jashtan escaped nothing
save that fate's decrees overcame death.
Except the predestined laws that conquered mortality
وَكَمand how many مِنa وَقعَةٍbattle قَدindeed رامَhe sought فيهاin it
وَكَم مِن وَقعَةٍ قَد رامَ فيها
ظُهورَthe backs of الأَرضِthe earth يَجعَلُهاhe makes them بُطوناbellies
ظُهورَ الأَرضِ يَجعَلُها بُطونا
In how many a battle did he seek
And how many events in which he intended
to turn the earth's back into its belly!
To make the ground’s backs its bellies
يَصُدُّhe turns away عَنِfrom الفَوارِسِthe horsemen صَدَّwith the aversion of قالٍone who loathes
يَصُدُّ عَنِ الفَوارِسِ صَدَّ قالٍ
عَنِfrom العَشَراتِthe tens يَحسِبُهاhe reckons them مِئيناhundreds
عَنِ العَشَراتِ يَحسِبُها مِئينا
He turns from the horsemen with a hater's aversion,
He drives away ten horsemen with the drive of one
from mere tens that he reckons as hundreds.
As if they were two hundred
يُلاوِذُhe seeks cover وَالأَسِنَّةُwhile the spearheads تَدَّريهِstalk him
يُلاوِذُ وَالأَسِنَّةُ تَدَّريهِ
شِمالاًleftward حَيثُwherever وَجَّهَhe turns أَوor يَميناrightward
شِمالاً حَيثُ وَجَّهَ أَو يَمينا
He seeks cover while the spearheads stalk him,
Seeking refuge now left, now right
leftward, wherever he turns, or rightward.
As the swords point him
سَماrose لِبَوارِهِfor his destruction خِرقٌa resourceful man إِذاwhen ماever
سَما لِبَوارِهِ خِرقٌ إِذا ما
سَماhe rises لِلصَعبِagainst the difficult أَوجَبَhe ensures أَنthat يَهوناit become easy
سَما لِلصَعبِ أَوجَبَ أَن يَهونا
A resourceful man rose to destroy him, one who, whenever
Glory to his insight, if the formidable presented itself
he rises against the difficult, makes it easy:
He would make it trivial
أَبوfather of حَسَنٍHasan وَماand no لِلدَهرِfor time حَليٌadornment
أَبو حَسَنٍ وَما لِلدَهرِ حَليٌ
سِوىexcept آثارِهِhis traces الحَسَناتِthe good ones فيناamong us
سِوى آثارِهِ الحَسَناتِ فينا
Abu Hasan—and time has no adornment
Except for his lasting generosity to us
save the good traces he has left among us.
Generosity would be the most stingy thing we were given
يَقِلُّfall short الناسُpeople أَنof يَتَقَيَّلوهُemulating him
يَقِلُّ الناسُ أَن يَتَقَيَّلوهُ
وَأَنand to يَدنواdraw near إِلَيهِto him مُشاكِليناas equals
وَأَن يَدنوا إِلَيهِ مُشاكِلينا
Men fall short of emulating him
He was supported in scheming against enemies
or drawing near him as his equals.
By the son of Shalmighan with what we supported
وَظَنُّكَand your supposing بِالضَرائِبِof natures أَنthat تَكافاthey be equal
وَظَنُّكَ بِالضَرائِبِ أَن تَكافا
كَظَنِّكَlike your supposing بِالأَصابِعِof fingers يَستَويناthey are equal
كَظَنِّكَ بِالأَصابِعِ يَستَوينا
To suppose that men's natures can be equal
With the most splendid of the Sasanians whom
is like supposing fingers are all alike.
Recipients meet with their precious
وَلَمand not أَرَI have seen مِثلَهُhis equal حَشَدَتmassed عَلَيهِagainst him
وَلَم أَرَ مِثلَهُ حَشَدَت عَلَيهِ
صُروفُthe reversals of الدَهرِtime أَبكاراًmaidens وَعوناand mature ones
صُروفُ الدَهرِ أَبكاراً وَعونا
I have never seen his like, when against him gather
You underestimate his hands’ example in knowledge
time's reversals, maiden and mature:
So you underestimate by doubting
أَقَرَّmore steadfast عَلىat نُزولِthe descent of الخَطبِcalamity جَأشاًin heart
أَقَرَّ عَلى نُزولِ الخَطبِ جَأشاً
وَأَوضَحَand brighter تَحتَbeneath حادِثَةٍa misfortune جَبيناof brow
وَأَوضَحَ تَحتَ حادِثَةٍ جَبينا
so steadfast of heart when calamity descends,
Which is no more than plunging into doubt
so bright of brow beneath misfortune.
To it, where you do not find certainty
نَسيناwe forgot ماwhat عَهِدناwe once knew غَيرَexcept أَنّاthat we
نَسينا ما عَهِدنا غَيرَ أَنّا
يُذَكِّرُناreminds us نَداهُhis generosity ماwhat نَسيناwe forgot
يُذَكِّرُنا نَداهُ ما نَسينا
We have forgotten what we once knew, except that
And the channels of adversaries were hardened
his generosity reminds us of what we forgot.
To the belief they would never soften
وَلَولاand were it not for جودُهُhis generosity الباقيenduring عَلَيناupon us
وَلَولا جودُهُ الباقي عَلَينا
لَكانَthen would be الجودُgenerosity أَنفَسَthe most precious ماwhat رُزيناwe were bereft of
لَكانَ الجودُ أَنفَسَ ما رُزينا
Were it not for his bounty, still bestowed upon us,
And when war uncovered him, it sparked for it
generosity would be the most precious thing we had lost.
A blaze that terrifies the kindlers
أُعينَhe was aided عَلىin مُكايَدَةِoutwitting الأَعاديthe enemies
أُعينَ عَلى مُكايَدَةِ الأَعادي
مِنِby اِبنِthe son of الشَلمَغانِal-Shalmaghan بِماwith what أُعيناhe was aided
مِنِ اِبنِ الشَلمَغانِ بِما أُعينا
He was aided in outwitting his enemies
You see his awe-inspiring sword subdued
by Ibn al-Shalmaghan—and what aid it was!—
Yet protected from exposing its reality
بِأَزهَرَby a radiant man مِنfrom بَنيthe sons of ساسانَSasan يَلقىthey find
بِأَزهَرَ مِن بَني ساسانَ يَلقى
بِهِin him اللّاقونَthose who meet him عِلقَهُمُtheir treasure الثَميناthe precious
بِهِ اللّاقونَ عِلقَهُمُ الثَمينا
by a radiant scion of Sasan, in whom
Confirming a blessing and removing another
those who meet him find their precious treasure.
If his rebels disobeyed
تُقَصِّرُyou fall short عَنof مِثالِthe measure of يَدَيهِhis two hands عِلماًin knowledge
تُقَصِّرُ عَن مِثالِ يَدَيهِ عِلماً
فَقَصرُكَso your utmost أَنis to تَظُنَّyou conjecture بِهِabout him الظُنوناconjectures
فَقَصرُكَ أَن تَظُنَّ بِهِ الظُنونا
You fall short of knowing the measure of his two hands;
It pursues the fleeting good things until
so your utmost is to form conjectures about him.
We publish what was hidden from us
وَماand not هُوَit غَيرُother than خَوضِwading through الشَكِّdoubt يوماat any time
وَما هُوَ غَيرُ خَوضِ الشَكِّ يوما
إِلَيهِtoward him حَيثُwhere لاnot تَجِدُyou find اليَقيناcertainty
إِلَيهِ حَيثُ لا تَجِدُ اليَقينا
It is never more than wading through doubt
He sees the cycles of prosperity with the eye of one aware
toward him, where you can find no certainty.
He almost returns them as they began
وَقَدand indeed صَلُبَتhas grown rigid عَلىagainst ظَنِّthe expectation of المُناويthe adversary
وَقَد صَلُبَت عَلى ظَنِّ المُناوي
قَناةٌa spear-shaft آيَسَتhas left no hope مِنof أَنthat تَليناit soften
قَناةٌ آيَسَت مِن أَن تَلينا
And, defying the foe's expectations, there stands firm
Whenever the habit doesn’t prove right in Arabs
a spear-shaft that leaves no hope it will bend.
It descends to the level of non-Arabs
وَلَمّاand when كَشَّفَتهُlaid him bare الحَربُwar أَعلىhe raised
وَلَمّا كَشَّفَتهُ الحَربُ أَعلى
لَهاfor it لَهَباًa flame يَهولُthat terrifies الموقِديناthose who kindle
لَها لَهَباً يَهولُ الموقِدينا
And when war laid him bare, he raised
We befriend a group who drew near us
for it a flame that terrifies those who kindle it.
And exclude those who kept their distance
تُريكَshows you السَيفَthe sword هَيبَتُهُthe awe he inspires مُذالاًput to use
تُريكَ السَيفَ هَيبَتُهُ مُذالاً
وَيَكنيand it alludes عَنto حَقيقَتِهاits true nature مَصوناkept safe
وَيَكني عَن حَقيقَتِها مَصونا
The awe he inspires shows you the sword in use;
The kinship of the furthest, for what they attained
and, kept safe, it hints at that awe's true nature.
Distinguishes you over the kinship of the nearest
مُثَبِّتُone who secures نِعمَةٍa blessing وَمُزيلُand one who removes أُخرىanother
مُثَبِّتُ نِعمَةٍ وَمُزيلُ أُخرى
إِذاwhen أَمَرَتthey command عَواذِلَهُhis female reprovers عُصيناthey are disobeyed
إِذا أَمَرَت عَواذِلَهُ عُصينا
He secures one blessing and takes another away;
The tribe of our paternal uncles are closer to us
when his reprovers command, they are disobeyed.
And the giver of bounty, the tribe of our father
تَتَبَّعَhe pursued فائِتاتِthe vanished deeds of الخَيرِgoodness حَتّىuntil
تَتَبَّعَ فائِتاتِ الخَيرِ حَتّى
نُشِرنَthey were unfolded رَواجِعاًreturning عَمّاfrom what طُويناthey had been folded away
نُشِرنَ رَواجِعاً عَمّا طُوينا
He sought out vanished deeds of goodness until
they were unfurled again from where they lay folded.
يَرىhe regards دُوَلَthe reigns of الصَلاحِrighteousness بِعَينِwith the eye of راعٍa shepherd
يَرى دُوَلَ الصَلاحِ بِعَينِ راعٍ
يَكادُhe almost يُعيدُهُنَّrestores them كَماas بُديناthey were begun
يَكادُ يُعيدُهُنَّ كَما بُدينا
He watches virtue's reigns with a shepherd's eye,
almost restoring them as they first began.
مَتىwhenever لَمdoes not يَزكُbear fruit فيamong العَرَبِthe Arabs اِرتِياديmy seeking
مَتى لَم يَزكُ في العَرَبِ اِرتِيادي
حَطَتُI alight إِلىat رِباعِthe dwellings of الأَعجَميناthe non-Arabs
حَطَتُ إِلى رِباعِ الأَعجَمينا
Whenever my seeking among the Arabs bears no fruit,
I alight at the dwellings of the non-Arabs.
نُواليwe befriend مَعشَراًa people قَرُبواwho have drawn near إِلَيناto us
نُوالي مَعشَراً قَرُبوا إِلَينا
وَنُثريand we grow rich مِنthrough تَطَوُّلِthe bounty of آخَريناothers
وَنُثري مِن تَطَوُّلِ آخَرينا
We are loyal to people who have drawn near to us,
and grow rich through the bounty of others.
وَقُربىand the kinship of الأَبعَدينَthe far-off بِماthrough what أَنالواthey bestowed
وَقُربى الأَبعَدينَ بِما أَنالوا
تَخُصُّكَsingles you out دونَrather than قُربىthe kinship of الأَقرَبيناthe nearest
تَخُصُّكَ دونَ قُربى الأَقرَبينا
And kinship with the far-off, through what they bestow,
is especially yours, unlike kinship with the nearest.
بَنوsons of أَعمامِناour paternal uncles الدانونَthose close مِنّاto us
بَنو أَعمامِنا الدانونَ مِنّا
وَواهِبَةُand the givers of النَوالِbounty بَنوsons of أَبيناour father
وَواهِبَةُ النَوالِ بَنو أَبينا
Those close to us are sons of our paternal uncles;
but the givers of bounty are sons of our father.
Partial English translation: 82 of 94 Arabic lines translated.