غيرُother than العِداthe foes بسيُوفِكُنَّby your swords قَتيلُslain
غيرُ العِدا بسيُوفِكُنَّ قَتيلُ
وعُيُونُكُنَّand your eyes الصّارِمُthe keen sword المَسْلولُdrawn
وعُيُونُكُنَّ الصّارِمُ المَسْلولُ
Those slain by your swords are not your foes,
and your eyes are the keen sword drawn.
أنّيhow could لبِيضِfor the bright blades of الهِنْدِIndia وهْيthough they are حَديدةٌsharp
أنّي لبِيضِ الهِنْدِ وهْي حَديدةٌ
فَتَكاتُthe deadly strokes of ذاكَthat الطَّرْفِglance وهْوthough it is كَليلlanguid
فَتَكاتُ ذاكَ الطَّرْفِ وهْو كَليل
How could India's bright blades, sharp though they are,
have the deadly force of that glance, languid though it is?
بأبيmy father be ransom for ظِباءَthe gazelles of ربيعةٍRabiʿa منof عامرٍʿAmir
بأبي ظِباءَ ربيعةٍ من عامرٍ
سُقْميmy sickness لطَرْفِto the gaze of عُيونهاtheir eyes مَنْحولbestowed
سُقْمي لطَرْفِ عُيونها مَنْحول
My father be ransom for Rabiʿa's gazelles of ʿAmir;
my sickness is lent to the gaze of their eyes.
تَجْنِيthey wreak harm فَيَسلَمُyet is safe قَلْبُthe heart of مَنْone whom حارَبْنَهthey fight
تَجْنِي فَيَسلَمُ قَلْبُ مَنْ حارَبْنَه
وفؤادُand the heart of مَنone whom سالَمْنَهthey make peace with مَقْتولslain
وفؤادُ مَن سالَمْنَه مَقْتول
They wreak harm, yet the heart of one they fight survives,
while the heart of one they make peace with is slain.
ياO مُقلةًeye نَجلاءَwide كُلُّevery دمٍblood-debt بهاupon it
يا مُقلةً نَجلاءَ كُلُّ دمٍ بها
مِمّاof what سَفَكْتِyou have shed فإنّهindeed it is مَطْلولunavenged
مِمّا سَفَكْتِ فإنّه مَطْلول
O wide eye, every blood-debt laid to your charge
for what you have shed goes unavenged.
لوif أَنَّthat حَيَّكِyour tribe يَطبَعونَforge سُيوفَهمtheir swords
لو أَنَّ حَيَّكِ يَطبَعونَ سُيوفَهم
منfrom لَحْظِthe glance of عَيْنِكِyour eye ماnot عَصاهُwould defy it قَبيلa tribe
من لَحْظِ عَيْنِكِ ما عَصاهُ قَبيل
If your tribe were to forge their swords
from your eye's glance, no tribe would defy yours.
فسقَىso may it water ديارَكُمُyour dwellings بشَرقِيِّon the eastern side of الحِمَىthe protected pasture
فسقَى ديارَكُمُ بشَرقِيِّ الحِمَى
وَطْفاءُa rain-laden cloud عَقْدُthe knot of نِطاقِهاits girdle مَحْلولundone
وَطْفاءُ عَقْدُ نِطاقِها مَحْلول
May your dwellings east of the protected pasture be watered
by a rain-laden cloud, its girdle's knot undone.
صَيَّرْتُI made كُلَّall العالَمينhumankind مُخالِفيmy opponents
صَيَّرْتُ كُلَّ العالَمين مُخالِفي
حَسَداًout of jealousy عليكِover you فماso no إليكِto you رَسولmessenger
حَسَداً عليكِ فما إليكِ رَسول
I have made everyone in the world my foe
out of jealousy over you; so no messenger goes to you.
وسَبِقتَand you preceded منfrom شَوْقٍlonging إلىto عَيْنيmy eye الكَرَىslumber
وسَبِقتَ من شَوْقٍ إلى عَيْني الكَرَى
عَجَباًhow strange وأنتand you are منamong الظِّباءِthe gazelles خَذولone lingering behind the herd
عَجَباً وأنت من الظِّباءِ خَذول
And in my longing you reached my eye before sleep—
how strange, when you are a gazelle that lingers behind!
أُحْيِىI keep alive وأَقتُلُand I kill بِالهمومِwith cares وبالمُنَىand with hopes
أُحْيِى وأَقتُلُ بِالهمومِ وبالمُنَى
لَيْلِيmy night فَيقْصُرُso it shortens ساعةًfor a while ويَطولand lengthens
لَيْلِي فَيقْصُرُ ساعةً ويَطول
I keep alive and kill, with cares and hopes,
my night, which now grows short, now long.
تَعِسَmay ... perish العَواذلُthe reproachers كيفhow يَسْلوcan grow forgetful عنof هوىًlove
تَعِسَ العَواذلُ كيف يَسْلو عن هوىً
قلبٌa heart عليهfor it معَwith الصِّباyouth مَجْبولinnately molded
قلبٌ عليه معَ الصِّبا مَجْبول
Perish the reproachers! How can love be forgotten
by a heart molded for it from youth?
ياO آمِريyou who command me بالصّبْرِto be patient عنهaway from him تَجَمُّلاًfor dignity's sake
يا آمِري بالصّبْرِ عنه تَجَمُّلاً
الصَّبْرُpatience عنaway from غيرِother than الحَبيبِthe beloved جَميلbeautiful
الصَّبْرُ عن غيرِ الحَبيبِ جَميل
O you who bid me bear his absence with good grace,
bearing anyone's absence but the beloved's is graceful.
إنّيindeed I سمَحْتُgave freely لهto him بقلبيwith my heart طائعاًwillingly
إنّي سمَحْتُ له بقلبي طائعاً
ياO لائِمينَreproachers فأقصِرواso desist وأَطِيلواand speak at length
يا لائِمينَ فأقصِروا وأَطِيلوا
I have willingly given him my heart,
O reproachers, desist—or go on at length.
أَوَand is it ليسnot تاجُTaj (crown of) المُلْكِal-Mulk (kingship) منamong آدابِهhis principles
أَوَ ليس تاجُ المُلْكِ من آدابِه
أَلاّthat not يُطاعَbe obeyed علىregarding السَّماحِgenerosity عَذولa reproacher
أَلاّ يُطاعَ على السَّماحِ عَذول
Is it not one of Taj al-Mulk's principles
never to heed a reproacher of generosity?
وهْوand he is الإمامُthe leader المُقتدَىthe one emulated بفعالِهin his deeds
وهْو الإمامُ المُقتدَى بفعالِه
وهْوand he is الهمامُthe magnanimous المُتّقيthe pious المَأْمُولthe one hoped in
وهْو الهمامُ المُتّقي المَأْمُول
He is the leader whose deeds are emulated,
the noble, pious man in whom hopes rest.
إنْif كانhas جادَbeen generous بهwith him الزّمانُTime فإنَّهthen indeed it
إنْ كان جادَ به الزّمانُ فإنَّه
بجَوادِwith a generous man آخَرَanother مِثْلِهlike him لَبَخيلis surely miserly
بجَوادِ آخَرَ مِثْلِه لَبَخيل
If Time has been generous in granting him,
it is truly miserly with another generous man like him.
قُلْsay فيof الورَىhumankind طُرّاًaltogether إذاwhen استَثْنَيْتَهyou except him
قُلْ في الورَى طُرّاً إذا استَثْنَيْتَه
القولُwords جَمٌّare abundant والفعالُand deeds قليلُare few
القولُ جَمٌّ والفعالُ قليلُ
Say of all mankind, once you have excepted him:
Words are many, and deeds are few.
أمُصرِّفَO wielder of الأقلامِthe pens وهْيthough they are دقيقةٌslender
أمُصرِّفَ الأقلامِ وهْي دقيقةٌ
يَكْفيhe masters بهنَّwith them الخَطْبَthe crisis وهْوthough it is جليلmighty
يَكْفي بهنَّ الخَطْبَ وهْو جليل
O wielder of pens, slender though they are,
a crisis is mastered with them, mighty though it is.
وتَنالُand you attain مَهْماwhatever شئْتَyou wish وهْيthough they are قَصيرةٌshort
وتَنالُ مَهْما شئْتَ وهْي قَصيرةٌ
ماwhat لاnot يَنالُattains الرُّمْحُthe spear وهْوthough it is طَويلlong
ما لا يَنالُ الرُّمْحُ وهْو طَويل
And with them, short though they are, you reach at will
what the spear cannot reach, long though it is.
لوif لمnot يكُنْwere مَرَضُthe sickness of القناthe spears حسَداًenvy لهاof them
لو لم يكُنْ مَرَضُ القنا حسَداً لها
ماnot نالَwould afflict منْany of أجسامهنَّtheir bodies ذُبولwithering
ما نالَ منْ أجسامهنَّ ذُبول
If the spears' sickness were not envy of them,
no withering would afflict their bodies.
الخاطباتُthe orators المُوجِزاتُthe concise ones إذاwhen جَرَتْflowed
الخاطباتُ المُوجِزاتُ إذا جَرَتْ
كَلماتُهاtheir words دُوَلُthe dynasties of الملوكkings تَدولpass away
كَلماتُها دُوَلُ الملوك تَدول
Those concise orators—when they pour forth
their words, the dynasties of kings pass away.
هُنَّthey الفُصولُthe decisive pronouncements فإنْbut if أخَذْنَthey take مآخذاًa hold
هُنَّ الفُصولُ فإنْ أخَذْنَ مآخذاً
منin قَلْبِthe heart of مَنone who يَشْناكَhates you فهْيthen they are نُصولblades
من قَلْبِ مَن يَشْناكَ فهْي نُصول
They are decisive pronouncements; but if they gain a hold
within the heart of one who hates you, they are blades.
فلْيَشْكُرَنَّso let ... surely thank صَنيعَكَyour service المُلْكُthe kingdom الّذيwhich
فلْيَشْكُرَنَّ صَنيعَكَ المُلْكُ الّذي
أَبرمْتَهyou twisted it firm بالرَّأْيِthrough counsel وهْوwhen it was سَحيلa single unplied strand
أَبرمْتَه بالرَّأْيِ وهْو سَحيل
Let the kingdom thank you for your service:
you twisted it firm through counsel when it was a single strand.
حَقّاًtruly أقولُI say لقدindeed نصَحْتَyou gave sincere counsel لرَبِّهto its lord
حَقّاً أقولُ لقد نصَحْتَ لرَبِّه
إنif كانَever يَنْصَحُgives sincere counsel للخليلِto a friend خليلa friend
إن كانَ يَنْصَحُ للخليلِ خليل
Truly I say: you have counseled its lord faithfully,
if ever friend has given faithful counsel to friend.
شكَرhave thanked الرَّعيّةُthe subjects منكَfrom you سَعْىَthe efforts of مُوفَّقٍone guided to success
شكَر الرَّعيّةُ منكَ سَعْىَ مُوفَّقٍ
ماnot زالَceased يَفْعَلُhe does صالحاًgood ويَقولand speaks
ما زالَ يَفْعَلُ صالحاً ويَقول
The subjects have thanked you for the efforts of one guided to success,
who never ceases to do and speak what is good.
أَقْوالُهhis words نَعَمٌyes وأيْسَرُand the least of بَذْلهhis giving
أَقْوالُه نَعَمٌ وأيْسَرُ بَذْله
سَرَفٌextravagance وجُلُّand the utmost of عقابِهhis punishment تَحْليلtoken chastisement
سَرَفٌ وجُلُّ عقابِه تَحْليل
His words are 'yes'; the least of his giving
is extravagance, and his severest punishment is merely token.
ففِداءُso may ... be ransom for مَجْدِكyour glory حاسِدوهthose who envy it فإنّهمْfor they
ففِداءُ مَجْدِك حاسِدوه فإنّهمْ
يَرجونَthey hope for أمراًa thing ماnot إليهto it سَبيلa path
يَرجونَ أمراً ما إليه سَبيل
May those who envy your glory be its ransom, for they
hope for something to which there is no path.
مُتتبِّعوكَthose tracking you وماyet not رأَوْاthey have seen لكَin you عَثْرةًa stumble
مُتتبِّعوكَ وما رأَوْا لكَ عَثْرةً
ويُواصلونَand they persist in عِثارَهمْtheir stumbling وتُقيلand you pardon their slips
ويُواصلونَ عِثارَهمْ وتُقيل
They track you, yet have seen no stumble in you;
they keep stumbling, and you lift them up.
طلَبواthey sought مكانَكyour station ضِلّةًin error وجَهالةًand ignorance
طلَبوا مكانَك ضِلّةً وجَهالةً
والنّاسُand people منهمْamong them عالِمٌone who knows وجَهولand one ignorant
والنّاسُ منهمْ عالِمٌ وجَهول
They sought your station in error and ignorance,
and people include the knowing and the ignorant.
ولعلَّهمْand perhaps they عَلمواknew بأنّكthat you للعُلاfor high glory
ولعلَّهمْ عَلموا بأنّك للعُلا
أَولَىare worthier ولكنَّbut المُنَىwishes تَعْليلself-consolation
أَولَى ولكنَّ المُنَى تَعْليل
And perhaps they knew that your claim to high glory
was stronger; but wishes are mere consolation.
كمhow many مَوقفٍa stand دونَin defense of العَلاءglory وقَفْتَهyou took
كم مَوقفٍ دونَ العَلاء وقَفْتَه
والخَيلُwhile the horses بالأَسلِwith spears الطِّوالِlong تَصولcharge
والخَيلُ بالأَسلِ الطِّوالِ تَصول
How many a stand you have taken in defense of glory,
while horses charged with long spears!
النَّقْعُthe dust يَعلوrises والفَوارسُand the horsemen تَدَّعىproclaim their names
النَّقْعُ يَعلو والفَوارسُ تَدَّعى
والبيضُand bright swords تَبرُقُflash والعِتاقُand thoroughbreds تَجولwheel
والبيضُ تَبرُقُ والعِتاقُ تَجول
Dust rises, and the horsemen cry their names;
bright swords flash, and thoroughbreds wheel.
والأُفْقُand the horizon فيin شَفَقٍa twilight glow منَof الدَّمِblood مَدَّهُspread it
والأُفْقُ في شَفَقٍ منَ الدَّمِ مَدَّهُ
يَومٌa day كأنَّas though ضُحاهُits forenoon منهbecause of it أَصيلlate afternoon
يَومٌ كأنَّ ضُحاهُ منه أَصيل
The horizon is veiled in a twilight of blood, spread by
a day whose forenoon seems, through that glow, like evening.
وعلىand upon أُسودِthe lions of الرَّوْعِbattle-terror كُلُّevery مُضاعَفٍdouble-linked mail coat
وعلى أُسودِ الرَّوْعِ كُلُّ مُضاعَفٍ
يَلْويturns aside بحَدِّthe edge of السّيْفِthe sword وهْوthough it is صَقيلpolished
يَلْوي بحَدِّ السّيْفِ وهْو صَقيل
And battle's lions wear mail, each double-linked coat
turning aside the sword's edge, polished though it is.
حَلَقٌrings كماlike اطّردَflowed continuously الغديرُthe pool حَبابُهits ripples
حَلَقٌ كما اطّردَ الغديرُ حَبابُه
نَسَقٌin ordered rows وضاحيand the exposed part of مَتْنِهits surface مَشْمولswept by the north wind
نَسَقٌ وضاحي مَتْنِه مَشْمول
Rings like a pool's unbroken rippling, its wavelets
in ordered rows, its open surface swept by the north wind.
لمّاwhen بَرزْتَyou came forth تَضعْضعَتْtottered أركانُهاits pillars
لمّا بَرزْتَ تَضعْضعَتْ أركانُها
فالخَيلُso the horses زُورٌswerve aside والفوارسُand the riders مِيلlean away
فالخَيلُ زُورٌ والفوارسُ مِيل
When you came forth, their pillars tottered:
the horses veered aside, the riders leaned away.
والرُعْبُand fear قَصَّرshortened خَطْوَthe stride of كُلِّevery مُطَهّمٍwell-built steed
والرُعْبُ قَصَّر خَطْوَ كُلِّ مُطَهّمٍ
فكأنّهso it is as though بحُجولهِby its white stockings مَشْكولfettered
فكأنّه بحُجولهِ مَشْكول
Fear shortened the stride of every well-built steed,
as though it were shackled by its white stockings.
فَلَّit routed الصُّفوفَthe ranks وأثبتَتْهاand held them still حَيرةٌbewilderment
فَلَّ الصُّفوفَ وأثبتَتْها حَيرةٌ
حتّىuntil شَككْناwe doubted أنّهُنَّthat they were فُلولrouted remnants
حتّى شَككْنا أنّهُنَّ فُلول
It broke the ranks, but bewilderment held them still,
until we doubted whether they were routed troops.
وجلاand cleared ضَبابتَهاits haze بنُورwith the light of جَبينِهhis brow
وجلا ضَبابتَها بنُور جَبينِه
مَلِكٌa king لِماwhat صانَhoarded اللّئامُthe base يُذيلhe lavishes
مَلِكٌ لِما صانَ اللّئامُ يُذيل
And he cleared its haze with the light of his brow—
a king who lavishes what the base hoard,
فيin سَرْجِthe saddle of لاطمةِa mare striking الثّرَىthe earth بسَنابكٍwith hooves
في سَرْجِ لاطمةِ الثّرَى بسَنابكٍ
تَذَرُshe leaves الحُزونَrugged tracts بِهِنَّwith them وهْيwhile they are سُهولlevel plains
تَذَرُ الحُزونَ بِهِنَّ وهْي سُهول
in the saddle of a mare that strikes the earth with hooves
that leave rugged tracts as level plains.
تطَأُshe treads on الشِّفاهَthe lips منَof الملوكِkings كأنّهas though it were
تطَأُ الشِّفاهَ منَ الملوكِ كأنّه
منهاfrom them لحافرِupon the hoof of مُهْرِهhis colt تَقْبيلkissing
منها لحافرِ مُهْرِه تَقْبيل
She treads on kings' lips, as though it were
a kiss from them upon his colt's hoof.
حتّىuntil رجَعْتَyou returned بهِنَّwith them منfrom أَعطافهاtheir flanks
حتّى رجَعْتَ بهِنَّ من أَعطافها
وَطْءٌa tread علىupon كَبِدِthe liver of الحَسودِthe envious man ثَقيلheavy
وَطْءٌ على كَبِدِ الحَسودِ ثَقيل
At last you returned with them; from their flanks came
a heavy tread upon the envier's liver.
ولقدand indeed مَنحْتَyou granted النّهرَthe river منهاof them ساعةًan hour
ولقد مَنحْتَ النّهرَ منها ساعةً
وذخَرْتَand you saved أُخْرَىanother يَبْتليهاto test it النِّيلthe Nile
وذخَرْتَ أُخْرَى يَبْتليها النِّيل
And you granted the river an hour with them,
and reserved another for the Nile to put to the test.
ويَداكَand your two hands ياO ذاpossessor of الجُودِbounty أجْرَىmore freely flowing منْهماthan those two
ويَداكَ يا ذا الجُودِ أجْرَى منْهما
بقَناكَwith your spears تَطعَنُyou thrust أوor قِراكَyour hospitality تُنيلyou bestow
بقَناكَ تَطعَنُ أو قِراكَ تُنيل
Your hands, O lord of bounty, flow more freely than both,
whether you thrust with your spears or bestow your hospitality.
أأباO Abu (father of) الغَنائمِal-Ghana'im (spoils) دَعوةًa plea منfrom خادمٍa servant
أأبا الغَنائمِ دَعوةً من خادمٍ
لوif only كانcould يُدْنيهِbring him near إليكَto you قَبولacceptance
لو كان يُدْنيهِ إليكَ قَبول
O Abu al-Ghana'im, a plea from a servant—
if only acceptance could draw him near to you!
أوَand is it ...? لسْتُI am not سابقَthe frontrunner of حَلْبةِthe racecourse of الشِّعْرِpoetry الّذيwho
أوَ لسْتُ سابقَ حَلْبةِ الشِّعْرِ الّذي
أرضاكَhas pleased you منهfrom him منَof المديحِpraise صَهيلneighing
أرضاكَ منه منَ المديحِ صَهيل
Am I not the frontrunner in poetry's race,
whose neighing of praise has pleased you—
عُطْلاًunadorned منَof التّشْريفِhonor حتّىso that ليسthere is not ليfor me
عُطْلاً منَ التّشْريفِ حتّى ليس لي
لاneither غُرَّةٌa white blaze منهfrom it ولاnor تَحْجيلwhite stockings
لا غُرَّةٌ منه ولا تَحْجيل
yet bare of honor, so that I have
neither a white blaze from it nor white stockings?
عِشْlive ألفَa thousand عامٍyears ناعماًin ease فيin دَولةٍa realm
عِشْ ألفَ عامٍ ناعماً في دَولةٍ
مَدَدُthe supply of النّماءِgrowth بسَعْدِهاthrough its good fortune مَوْصولunbroken
مَدَدُ النّماءِ بسَعْدِها مَوْصول
Live a thousand years in ease, in a realm
whose good fortune keeps prosperity's flow unbroken.
إنif صالَassailed جَدُّكَyour fortune بالسُّعودwith auspicious stars علىagainst العِداthe foes
إن صالَ جَدُّكَ بالسُّعود على العِدا
فأَشَدُّthen fiercer ممّاthan what صالَit has assailed ماwhat سيَصولit will assail
فأَشَدُّ ممّا صالَ ما سيَصول
If your fortune has assailed your foes with lucky stars,
its future onslaught will be fiercer than its past.
إنّindeed الخَميسَthe army يكونُis أوّلَthe first طالعٍto appear
إنّ الخَميسَ يكونُ أوّلَ طالعٍ
منهfrom it علىbefore عَيْنِthe eye of العَدُوِّthe enemy رَعيلa vanguard troop
منه على عَيْنِ العَدُوِّ رَعيل
For the first of an army to appear
before the enemy's eyes is but a vanguard.