بِغُرَّةِby the radiance وَجهِكَof your face مِنّاfrom us القَسَمthe oath
بِغُرَّةِ وَجهِكَ مِنّا القَسَم
وَماand nothing is الصِدقُtruthfulness إِلّاexcept أَجَلُّthe noblest القِسَمof portions
وَما الصِدقُ إِلّا أَجَلُّ القِسَم
By the radiance of your face we swear;
truthfulness is the noblest of portions.
لِأَيّامُindeed, the days مُلكِكَof your reign لَمّاwhen أَتَتthey arrived
لِأَيّامُ مُلكِكَ لَمّا أَتَت
جَلاdispelled الظُلمَinjustice أَنوارُهاtheir lights وَالظُلَمand darkness
جَلا الظُلمَ أَنوارُها وَالظُلَم
When the days of your reign arrived,
their lights dispelled injustice and darkness.
وَلَمّاand when دُعيتَyou were called لِدينِfor the faith الهُدىof guidance
وَلَمّا دُعيتَ لِدينِ الهُدى
نِظاماًan ordering bond عُنِيَتwas tended بِهِthrough it فَاِنتَظَمso it became ordered
نِظاماً عُنِيَت بِهِ فَاِنتَظَم
When you were called to be, for the faith of guidance,
an ordering bond, you tended it, and it became ordered.
هُماthe two الشاهِدانِare the witnesses بِأَنَّthat العَلاءَeminence
هُما الشاهِدانِ بِأَنَّ العَلاءَ
إِلَيكَto you اِنتَهىhas reached its summit وَالزَمانُand Time الحَكَمis the judge
إِلَيكَ اِنتَهى وَالزَمانُ الحَكَم
These two bear witness that eminence
has reached its summit in you, with Time as judge.
طَلَعتَyou rose عَلىto مَنزِلٍa station لَمnot تَطَأhad trodden
طَلَعتَ عَلى مَنزِلٍ لَم تَطَأ
هُit قَلبَكَyour heart (apparently intended: before you) غَيرَother than الثُرَيّاthe Pleiades قَدَمa foot
هُ قَلبَكَ غَيرَ الثُرَيّا قَدَم
You rose to a station no foot had trodden
before you, save that of the Pleiades.
وَقَدand indeed زَعَمclaimed الأُفقَthe horizon أَنَّthat الهِلاthe crescent (continued)
وَقَد زَعَم الأُفقَ أَنَّ الهِلا
لَcompletion of 'crescent' طَوقٌa collar عَلىupon النَحرِthe throat مِنهُfrom it اِنفَصَمbroke loose
لَ طَوقٌ عَلى النَحرِ مِنهُ اِنفَصَم
The horizon claimed that the crescent
was a collar broken loose from its throat.
فَقُلتُso I said وَقَدwhile indeed عَلِمَknew الناظِرونَthose watching
فَقُلتُ وَقَد عَلِمَ الناظِرونَ
بِأَنthat كَذَبَhad lied الأُفقُthe horizon فيماin what زَعَمit claimed
بِأَن كَذَبَ الأُفقُ فيما زَعَم
Then I said, while those watching knew
that the horizon had lied in its claim:
بِأَوَّلِwith the first حَرفٍletter مِنof اِسمِthe name الوَزيرِof the minister
بِأَوَّلِ حَرفٍ مِن اِسمِ الوَزيرِ
لَهُfor him الفُلكَthe celestial sphere اللَهُGod قِدماًlong ago وَسَمmarked
لَهُ الفُلكَ اللَهُ قِدماً وَسَم
With the first letter of the minister's name,
God long ago marked the celestial sphere in his honor.
وَخافَand He feared عَلىfor العَينِthe eye مِنbecause of نورِهِits radiance
وَخافَ عَلى العَينِ مِن نورِهِ
لِذاكtherefore لَباقيthe remainder of اِسمِهِhis name ماnot أَتَمHe completed
لِذاك لَباقي اِسمِهِ ما أَتَم
He feared for the eye because of its radiance,
and therefore did not complete the rest of his name.
فَلَمّاand when جَرىit coursed تَحتَهُbeneath him سابِحاًswimming
فَلَمّا جَرى تَحتَهُ سابِحاً
غَداit became طائِعاًobedient تابِعاًfollowing ماwhat رَسَمhe prescribed
غَدا طائِعاً تابِعاً ما رَسَم
When it coursed beneath him, swimming,
it became obedient, following what he prescribed.
وَلَوand if لَمnot يَكُنit were طِرفَهُhis noble steed المُمتُطىridden
وَلَو لَم يَكُن طِرفَهُ المُمتُطى
إِذَنthen لَمnot يَكُنit would have بِالبُروجِwith the zodiacal signs اِحتَزَمgirded itself
إِذَن لَم يَكُن بِالبُروجِ اِحتَزَم
Had it not been the steed he rode,
it would not have girded itself with the zodiac.
أَياO مَنyou whose فَضائِلُهُhis virtues الباههِراتُdazzling
أَيا مَن فَضائِلُهُ الباههِراتُ
تَزيدُincrease ظُهوراًin visibility إِذاwhen ماemphatic particle كَتَمhe conceals them
تَزيدُ ظُهوراً إِذا ما كَتَم
O you whose dazzling virtues
grow more apparent when he conceals them!
عَلَوتَyou rose high بِجَدٍّthrough good fortune وَجِدٍّand diligence مَعاًtogether
عَلَوتَ بِجَدٍّ وَجِدٍّ مَعاً
فَأَوفَيتَso you towered كَالنارِlike fire فَوقَabove العَلَمthe mountain
فَأَوفَيتَ كَالنارِ فَوقَ العَلَم
You rose through fortune and diligence together,
towering like a fire above a mountain.
وَبالجِدِّand through fortune يُملَكُis gained قَهرُthe subjugation العِداof enemies
وَبالجِدِّ يُملَكُ قَهرُ العِدا
وَبِالجِدِّand through diligence يُعرَفُis known بُعدُthe far reach الهِمَمof ambitions
وَبِالجِدِّ يُعرَفُ بُعدُ الهِمَم
Through fortune, mastery over enemies is won;
through diligence, the reach of ambitions is known.
هُماthey اِثنانِare two ماnot لَهُماfor them ثالِثٌa third
هُما اِثنانِ ما لَهُما ثالِثٌ
إِذاwhen ماemphatic particle عَدَدتَyou count كِبارَthe greatest النِعَمblessings
إِذا ما عَدَدتَ كِبارَ النِعَم
These are two, without a third,
when you count the greatest blessings.
وَإِنand if شِئتَyou wish فَاِذكُرthen recall لِكَيماso that تَرىyou may see
وَإِن شِئتَ فَاِذكُر لِكَيما تَرى
نِهايَةَthe utmost extent ماof what بَلَغاthe two achieved فيamong الأُمَمnations
نِهايَةَ ما بَلَغا في الأُمَم
If you wish, recall, that you may see
how far they have reached among nations,
رَبيعَةَRabi'a فيamong العَرَبِthe Arabs الأَوَّلينَthe earliest
رَبيعَةَ في العَرَبِ الأَوَّلينَ
وَسابورَand Shapur بَينَamong مُلوكِthe kings العَجَمof Persia
وَسابورَ بَينَ مُلوكِ العَجَم
Rabi'a among the earliest Arabs,
and Shapur among the kings of Persia.
وَذاand this one عَقَدَbound on التاجَthe crown قَبلَbefore الوُجودِexistence
وَذا عَقَدَ التاجَ قَبلَ الوُجودِ
وَهَذاand this one حَمىprotected الظُعنَthe women in litters بَعدَafter العَدَمnonexistence
وَهَذا حَمى الظُعنَ بَعدَ العَدَم
One bound on the crown before existing;
the other guarded the women's litters after death.
فَلاso may not عَدِمَتكَlose you المَعاليlofty deeds فَأَنتَfor you
فَلا عَدِمَتكَ المَعالي فَأَنتَ
نَشَرتَunfolded لَهاfor them ماطَواهُwhat it had folded away القِدَمantiquity
نَشَرتَ لَها ماطَواهُ القِدَم
May lofty deeds never lose you, for you
have unfolded for them what antiquity folded away.
بِمِثلِكَof one like you عِندَduring شَبابِthe youth الزَماof Time (continued)
بِمِثلِكَ عِندَ شَبابِ الزَما
نِcompletion of 'Time' كانَتwere بُطونُthe wombs اللَياليof the nights عُقُمbarren
نِ كانَت بُطونُ اللَيالي عُقُم
Of one like you, when Time was young,
the wombs of the nights were barren.
وَلَمand not أَرَhave I seen كَالدَهرِanything like Time أَنّىhow أَتىit brought forth
وَلَم أَرَ كَالدَهرِ أَنّى أَتى
بِأَنجَبِthe noblest أَبنائِهِof its sons فيin الهَرَمold age
بِأَنجَبِ أَبنائِهِ في الهَرَم
I have seen nothing like Time: how did it produce
its noblest son in its old age?
بِجودِكَthrough your generosity ياO مُغنِيَenricher الآمِلينَof the hopeful
بِجودِكَ يا مُغنِيَ الآمِلينَ
غَداbecame البَحرُthe sea مُفتَضَحاًput to shame فَالتَطَمso it slapped itself
غَدا البَحرُ مُفتَضَحاً فَالتَطَم
Through your generosity, O enricher of the hopeful,
the sea was put to shame and slapped itself with waves.
وَحِلمُكَand your forbearance مِنout of حَسَدٍenvy حينَwhen سارَspread
وَحِلمُكَ مِن حَسَدٍ حينَ سارَ
لَهُof it الذِكرُthe renown عَمَّengulfed الجِبالَthe mountains الصَمَمdeafness
لَهُ الذِكرُ عَمَّ الجِبالَ الصَمَم
And your forbearance—out of envy, when
its fame spread, deafness engulfed the mountains.
بِحَبلِto the cord الوَزيرِof the minister أَبيAbu طالِبٍTalib
بِحَبلِ الوَزيرِ أَبي طالِبٍ
عَلِيَّAli بنِson of أَحمَدَAhmad فَليُعتَصَمso let one cling
عَلِيَّ بنِ أَحمَدَ فَليُعتَصَم
To the cord of the minister Abu Talib,
Ali ibn Ahmad, let everyone cling.
وماand not هوhe إلاّexcept الهُمامُthe noble champion الَّذيwho
وما هو إلاّ الهُمامُ الَّذي
بهthrough him اعْتذَرapologized الدَّهرُTime لمّاwhen اجْتَرمit sinned
به اعْتذَر الدَّهرُ لمّا اجْتَرم
He is none other than the noble champion
through whom Time apologized when it had sinned.
فتىًa noble young man عينُهُwhose eye عيْنُis the very eye شمسِof the sun الضُّحَىof morning
فتىً عينُهُ عيْنُ شمسِ الضُّحَى
لتَجْليةِto dispel الخَطْبِcalamity لمّاwhen ادْلَهمّit grew dark
لتَجْليةِ الخَطْبِ لمّا ادْلَهمّ
A man whose eye is the very sun of morning,
clearing away calamity when it grows dark.
لهhe has كلَّevery يومٍday بهاwith it نظْرةٌa glance
له كلَّ يومٍ بها نظْرةٌ
إلىtoward الخلْقِcreation كشّافةٌdispelling للغُمَمsorrows
إلى الخلْقِ كشّافةٌ للغُمَم
Each day he casts with it a glance
upon creation, dispelling its sorrows.
ألاheed! ياO أخاman of أدبٍletters يَرْتَجيwho hopes
ألا يا أخا أدبٍ يَرْتَجي
لهfor himself مُطْلِقاًa liberator منfrom إسارِthe bondage العَدَمof poverty
له مُطْلِقاً من إسارِ العَدَم
O man of letters who hopes
for someone to release him from poverty's bondage:
إذاwhen جِئْتَهyou come to him فاشْكُthen complain of صرْفَthe reversals الزّمانِof Time
إذا جِئْتَه فاشْكُ صرْفَ الزّمانِ
إليهto him ودَعْand leave يدَهُhis hand والكَرَمand generosity
إليه ودَعْ يدَهُ والكَرَم
when you come to him, complain of Time's reversals
to him, and leave his hand to generosity.
تَجِدْyou will find منْهin him مَولىًa patron إذاwhen ماemphatic particle أشاhe signals (continued)
تَجِدْ منْه مَولىً إذا ما أشا
رَcompletion of 'signals' كانbecomes لهfor him الدَّهْرُTime أَدنَىthe lowliest الخَدمof servants
رَ كان له الدَّهْرُ أَدنَى الخَدم
You will find in him a patron who, at a mere
gesture, has Time as his lowliest servant.
لهhe has قَلَمٌa pen فِعْلُهُwhose action كاسْمِهis like its name
له قَلَمٌ فِعْلُهُ كاسْمِه
إذاwhen طالgrows long للخَطْبِfor calamity ظُفْرٌa claw قَلَمit clips
إذا طال للخَطْبِ ظُفْرٌ قَلَم
He has a pen whose action matches its name:
when calamity's claw grows long, it clips it.
بقمّتهِupon its head مَشْيُهُis its walking والملوكُand kings
بقمّتهِ مَشْيُهُ والملوكُ
إليهtoward him كذاlikewise مَشْيُهمtheir walking بالقِمَمupon their heads
إليه كذا مَشْيُهم بالقِمَم
It walks upon its head, and kings
likewise approach him upon their heads.
سعَىit labored لكfor you سَعْيَas the labor البراياof creatures لهfor it
سعَى لك سَعْيَ البرايا له
وماand not زالhas ceased يُخْدَمُto be served مَنْwhoever قدalready خَدَمhas served
وما زال يُخْدَمُ مَنْ قد خَدَم
It labored for you as all creatures labor for it;
those who have served have always been served.
يَراعٌa reed pen يُراعُis frightened أخوthe man of الحَرْبِwar منهby it
يَراعٌ يُراعُ أخو الحَرْبِ منه
ويَسلَمُand remains safe مَنْwhoever هوhe مُلْقيoffers السَّلَمpeace
ويَسلَمُ مَنْ هو مُلْقي السَّلَم
A reed pen that strikes fear into the warrior,
while whoever offers peace remains safe.
وكانand once was يُرَىseen مُحتَميthe refuge اللّيثof the lion فيهwithin it
وكان يُرَى مُحتَمي اللّيث فيه
فصارbut now بهby it إنif عصَىit rebels يُصطلَمit is destroyed
فصار به إن عصَى يُصطلَم
The lion once found refuge within it;
now, if rebellious, it is slain by it.
فكيفso how سكونُthe repose امرئٍof a man حادَwho turned aside عنْكfrom you
فكيف سكونُ امرئٍ حادَ عنْك
رجاءَhoping for تَمسُّكِهhis clinging بالعِصَمto safeguards
رجاءَ تَمسُّكِه بالعِصَم
How can a man who turns away from you rest secure,
hoping to cling to safeguards,
وكفُّكand your hand تُحسِنُis skilled at صيْدَhunting الأسودِlions
وكفُّك تُحسِنُ صيْدَ الأسودِ
إذاif ماemphatic particle أردتَyou wish ببَيْتِin the dwelling الأَجَمof reed beds
إذا ما أردتَ ببَيْتِ الأَجَم
when your hand is skilled at hunting lions,
if you wish, within their reed-bed lairs?
ألمdid not تَرyou see غُدوةَthe morning departure مَوْلَىof the lord الورَىof mankind
ألم تَر غُدوةَ مَوْلَى الورَى
إلىto الصّيْدِthe hunt بالخَيْلِwith horses لمّاwhen عَزمhe resolved
إلى الصّيْدِ بالخَيْلِ لمّا عَزم
Did you not see the lord of mankind's morning departure,
when he resolved to hunt on horseback?
وقدwhile indeed حَطَّlowered وجْهُthe face الصّباحِof morning اللِّثامَthe veil
وقد حَطَّ وجْهُ الصّباحِ اللِّثامَ
فثارواso they rushed إلىto خيلِهمْtheir horses باللُّجُمwith bridles
فثاروا إلى خيلِهمْ باللُّجُم
Morning's face had lowered its veil,
and they rushed to their horses with bridles.
مِلاءٌfull كَنائنُهمْtheir quivers والأكُفْand the hands (continued)
مِلاءٌ كَنائنُهمْ والأكُفْ
فُcompletion of 'hands' قدindeed تَوَّجوهاthey crowned them غداةَon the morning اعْتَزَمhe resolved
فُ قد تَوَّجوها غداةَ اعْتَزَم
Their quivers were full, and their hands—
they had crowned them, that morning he set out,
برُزْقٍwith blue-gray shafts جَوارحَwounding تَشْكوcomplaining of الظَّماthirst
برُزْقٍ جَوارحَ تَشْكو الظَّما
وزُرْقٍand blue-gray جَوارحَraptors تَشْكوcomplaining of قَرَمravenous hunger
وزُرْقٍ جَوارحَ تَشْكو قَرَم
with blue-gray wounding shafts complaining of thirst,
and blue-gray raptors complaining of ravenous hunger.
تَرىyou see كلَّevery سَهْمٍarrow وشَهْمٍand bold hawk حكاimitating
تَرى كلَّ سَهْمٍ وشَهْمٍ حكا
فيamong الطّيرِthe birds وقْعَاًin striking لعُظْمِbecause of the greatness النَّهمof hunger
في الطّيرِ وقْعَاً لعُظْمِ النَّهم
You see every arrow and bold hawk alike
strike at the birds, so great is their hunger.
خطيبٌan orator ومِنْبرُهُand its pulpit ساعدٌa forearm
خطيبٌ ومِنْبرُهُ ساعدٌ
يُقلِّبُit turns عينَيْنِtwo eyes مثْلَlike الضَّرَمblazing fire
يُقلِّبُ عينَيْنِ مثْلَ الضَّرَم
An orator whose pulpit is a forearm,
turning two eyes like blazing fire.
لهit has مَنْسِرٌa beak عاقدٌbinding ماwhatever يَصيدُit hunts
له مَنْسِرٌ عاقدٌ ما يَصيدُ
وعشْرينَand twenty فيin طَلَقٍa single dash إنif هَجَمit attacks
وعشْرينَ في طَلَقٍ إن هَجَم
It has a beak that binds whatever it catches,
and twenty in a single dash when it attacks.
وأهْرتَand a wide-mouthed hunter أُدْمُthe pale antelope الفلاof the wilderness كاسْمِهاas their name suggests
وأهْرتَ أُدْمُ الفلا كاسْمِها
بهthrough it الدَّهْرَalways أُدُمٌcondiments لناfor us تُؤْتَدَمare eaten with food
به الدَّهْرَ أُدُمٌ لنا تُؤْتَدَم
And a wide-mouthed hunter: the pale desert antelope, true to their name,
are always condiments for us through it.
منfrom النُّمْرِspotted cats خِيطَwas sewn علىupon جسمِهits body
من النُّمْرِ خِيطَ على جسمِه
أديمa hide تَعيَّنpatterned with eyes لاnot مِنْfrom حَلَمticks
أديم تَعيَّن لا مِنْ حَلَم
From spotted cats a hide was sewn upon its body,
patterned with eyes, not marked by ticks.
بهto it عَلِقتْclung شَرَرٌsparks لوَّحتْthat scorched
به عَلِقتْ شَرَرٌ لوَّحتْ
هُit منfrom نارِthe fire خَدٍّof a cheek لهof its تَضْطَرِمblazing
هُ من نارِ خَدٍّ له تَضْطَرِم
Sparks clung to it and scorched
it, from the fire blazing in its cheek.
ففيso in كُلِّevery عضْوٍlimb لهof its أعيُنٌeyes
ففي كُلِّ عضْوٍ له أعيُنٌ
تُراصِدُkeep watch إنْif هُوَit بالصَّيْدto hunt هَمّintends
تُراصِدُ إنْ هُوَ بالصَّيْد هَمّ
Thus every limb of its body has eyes,
keeping watch whenever it intends to hunt.
تَراهُyou see it رديفاًriding pillion وراءَbehind الغُلامِthe boy
تَراهُ رديفاً وراءَ الغُلامِ
وبالنّمشِand with freckles الوجهُthe face منْهof it الْتَثَمwas veiled
وبالنّمشِ الوجهُ منْه الْتَثَم
You see it riding behind the boy,
its face veiled in freckles.
شبيهَresembling سبيّةِa female captive جيشٍof an army غدَتْwho began
شبيهَ سبيّةِ جيشٍ غدَتْ
تُذيقُto give a taste of الكَرىsleep مُقْلةًto an eye لمnot تَنَمhad slept
تُذيقُ الكَرى مُقْلةً لم تَنَم
Like a girl taken captive by an army, now
giving sleep to an eye that had not slept.
جرَىran الدّمعُthe tears بالكُحْلِwith kohl منfrom عَيْنهاher eye
جرَى الدّمعُ بالكُحْلِ من عَيْنها
فنَمْنَمso they patterned جِلبابَهاher cloak إذas سَجَمthey streamed
فنَمْنَم جِلبابَها إذ سَجَم
Tears ran with kohl from her eye,
patterning her cloak as they streamed.
وقدand indeed كادit nearly يَخْرجُburst out منof جِلْدِهits skin
وقد كاد يَخْرجُ من جِلْدِه
وراءَafter الطّريدةِthe quarry لمّاwhen اقْتَحمit plunged forward
وراءَ الطّريدةِ لمّا اقْتَحم
It nearly burst out of its skin
when it plunged after the quarry.
فقدso indeed سُمِّرَwas nailed on الجلْدُthe skin خوفاًout of fear علَيْfor (continued)
فقد سُمِّرَ الجلْدُ خوفاً علَيْ
هِit أَوّلَas soon as ماwhen الخَلْقُthe creation منْهof it اسْتَتمّwas complete
هِ أَوّلَ ما الخَلْقُ منْه اسْتَتمّ
Its skin was therefore nailed on, out of fear for
it, as soon as its creation was complete.
وغُضْفٌand floppy-eared hounds تُسابِقُrace عَصْفَthe violent gusts الرِّياحof the winds
وغُضْفٌ تُسابِقُ عَصْفَ الرِّياح
فَيسبِقُهand outstrips it حُضْرُهاtheir gallop إنْif نَسَمit blows
فَيسبِقُه حُضْرُها إنْ نَسَم
And floppy-eared hounds race the violent wind;
their gallop outstrips it whenever it blows.
رياحٌwinds مُجسَّمةٌgiven bodily form للعيونِto the eyes
رياحٌ مُجسَّمةٌ للعيونِ
مُقلَّدةٌwearing necklaces فيupon طُلاهاtheir throats رُقُمmarkings
مُقلَّدةٌ في طُلاها رُقُم
Winds made visible bodies to the eye,
wearing patterned necklaces at their throats.
لهُنَّthey have منof البِيضِwhite blades مَصْقولةٌpolished ones
لهُنَّ من البِيضِ مَصْقولةٌ
تُسَلُّdrawn وتُغْمَدُand sheathed منْfrom كُلِّevery فَمmouth
تُسَلُّ وتُغْمَدُ منْ كُلِّ فَم
They have polished white blades,
drawn and sheathed from every mouth.
فمِنand among them أبيضٍa white one مثْلِlike لونِthe color الدِّمَقْسِof silk
فمِن أبيضٍ مثْلِ لونِ الدِّمَقْسِ
ومَنand among them أصفرٍa yellow one أملسٍsmooth كالزُّلَمlike a divining arrow
ومَن أصفرٍ أملسٍ كالزُّلَم
Among them is a white one, the color of silk,
and a yellow one, smooth as a divining arrow,
وآخَرَand another ذيpossessing لُمَعٍgleaming patches فيamid السّوادِblackness
وآخَرَ ذي لُمَعٍ في السّوادِ
حكَىresembled لونُهاtheir color نفْخةًa breath blown فيinto فَحَمcharcoal
حكَى لونُها نفْخةً في فَحَم
and another with gleaming patches amid blackness,
whose color resembles a breath blown into charcoal.
يُقرِّطُadorns like an earring مِخْلبَهُits claw أُذْنَهُits ear
يُقرِّطُ مِخْلبَهُ أُذْنَهُ
ويَسْبِقُand outstrips ناظرَهُits gaze حيثُwherever أَمّit heads
ويَسْبِقُ ناظرَهُ حيثُ أَمّ
Its claw adorns its ear like an earring,
and it outstrips its own gaze wherever it heads.
وسَارواand they traveled إلىto منْزلٍa place عازِبٍremote
وسَاروا إلى منْزلٍ عازِبٍ
لوَحْشِfor the wild beasts البسيطةِof the earth فيهin it مَضَمّa gathering place
لوَحْشِ البسيطةِ فيه مَضَمّ
They traveled to a remote place
where the wild beasts of the earth gathered.
فثارَso sprang up الضِّراءُthe hunting hounds وطارَand flew الصُّقورُthe falcons
فثارَ الضِّراءُ وطارَ الصُّقورُ
وحَنَّand moaned السَّراءُthe sara wood ورنَّand rang النَّشَمthe nasham wood
وحَنَّ السَّراءُ ورنَّ النَّشَم
The hunting hounds sprang up and the falcons flew;
the sara bows moaned and the nasham bows rang.
وملَّتْand grew weary جَوازِرُthe slaughterers أفْواهِهاof their mouths
وملَّتْ جَوازِرُ أفْواهِها
سَواطيرُهاtheir cleavers وبَراهاand wore them down الوضَمthe chopping blocks
سَواطيرُها وبَراها الوضَم
The slaughterers in their mouths grew weary—
their cleavers, worn down by the chopping blocks.
وباتand lay overnight منَof الحُورِthe dark-eyed beasts كمhow many مِنْof لَقىa slain carcass
وبات منَ الحُورِ كم مِنْ لَقى
بأبوابِهمat their doors ومِنَand of العِينَthe wide-eyed beasts كَمhow many
بأبوابِهم ومِنَ العِينَ كَم
How many dark-eyed beasts lay slain overnight
at their doors, and how many wide-eyed ones!
طرائدَquarry إصباحُهاtheir morning فيin الجلودِthe hides
طرائدَ إصباحُها في الجلودِ
تَعادَىracing one another وإمْساوُهاand their evening فيin البُرَمthe cooking pots
تَعادَى وإمْساوُها في البُرَم
Quarry that, in the morning, in their hides,
raced one another, and by evening were in cooking pots.
فللّهِhow splendid! خَيْلٌhorses كرامٌnoble لهمْof theirs
فللّهِ خَيْلٌ كرامٌ لهمْ
قَرتْهُمْentertained them بتلْكَwith those الجِفانِbowls الرُّذُمoverflowing
قَرتْهُمْ بتلْكَ الجِفانِ الرُّذُم
How splendid their noble horses,
which entertained them with those overflowing bowls!
وماand not إنْemphatic particle لهاfor them غَيْرُanything except مَشّthe wiping الأكُفِّof hands
وما إنْ لها غَيْرُ مَشّ الأكُفِّ
بأعرافهاupon their manes سُهْمةًas a portion فيamong السُّهَمthe shares
بأعرافها سُهْمةً في السُّهَم
Yet they had nothing but the wiping of hands
upon their manes as their portion among the shares.
وعادواand they returned وقدhaving قَرّطواadorned like earrings السّابقاتِthe swift horses
وعادوا وقد قَرّطوا السّابقاتِ
أعِنّتَهاtheir reins وأَراحواand rested الجِذَمthe whip handles
أعِنّتَها وأَراحوا الجِذَم
They returned, having hung the swift horses' reins
like earrings upon them, and rested the whip handles.
ومنand of كلِّall غزْلانِthe gazelles أرضِof the land الصَّراof al-Sarat (continued)
ومن كلِّ غزْلانِ أرضِ الصَّرا
ةِcompletion of 'al-Sarat' لمnot يَدَعواthey left ناجِمَbudding القَرْنِof horn ثَمّthere
ةِ لم يَدَعوا ناجِمَ القَرْنِ ثَمّ
Of all the gazelles in the land of al-Sarat,
they left none with a budding horn there,
سِوىexcept أنّهمْthat they بعثُواsent بالأمانِa pledge of safety
سِوى أنّهمْ بعثُوا بالأمانِ
لقَرْنِto the horn الغَزالةِof the sun-gazelle حتّىuntil نَجَمit emerged
لقَرْنِ الغَزالةِ حتّى نَجَم
except that they sent a pledge of safety
to the sun's horn, until it emerged.
أياO مَنْyou whose بَيانُكyour eloquence دُرٌّpearls يُخَطُّset down in writing
أيا مَنْ بَيانُك دُرٌّ يُخَطُّ
لأنَّbecause بنانَكyour fingertips بحْرٌan ocean خِضَمّvast
لأنَّ بنانَك بحْرٌ خِضَمّ
O you whose eloquence is pearls set down in writing,
because your fingertips are a vast ocean!
إلىtoward الوحشِthe wild beasts فرّعْتَyou directed بِيضَthe gleaming blades السُّيوof swords (continued)
إلى الوحشِ فرّعْتَ بِيضَ السُّيو
فِcompletion of 'swords' لمّاwhen قَهرْتَyou conquered العِداthe enemies بالقَلَمwith the pen
فِ لمّا قَهرْتَ العِدا بالقَلَم
You turned your gleaming swords upon the wild beasts
once you had conquered your enemies with the pen.
وَروّيْتَand you quenched منهاfrom them ظِماءَthe thirsty القَناspears
وَروّيْتَ منها ظِماءَ القَنا
فخوفُكَfor fear of you لمnot يُبْقِleft فيin القَوْمِthe people دَمblood
فخوفُكَ لم يُبْقِ في القَوْمِ دَم
From them you gave the thirsty spears their fill,
for fear of you had left no blood in the enemy.
وناصحْتَand you loyally counseled سلطانَكyour sovereign المُرتَجَىin whom hopes rest
وناصحْتَ سلطانَك المُرتَجَى
وقِدْماًand long ago عُهِدتَyou were known كريمَas noble الشّيَمin character
وقِدْماً عُهِدتَ كريمَ الشّيَم
You loyally counseled your sovereign, in whom hopes rest;
long have you been known for noble qualities.
ولمّاand when توجّهhe set out تلقاءهtoward it
ولمّا توجّه تلقاءه
تحاميتَهyou avoided it كرماًout of generosity لاnot سأمweariness
تحاميتَه كرماً لا سأم
When he set out toward the hunt,
you kept away out of generosity, not weariness.
فماfor not حلَّwould be lawful صَيْدَهُمُtheir quarry لوif غَدوْتَyou went forth
فما حلَّ صَيْدَهُمُ لو غَدوْتَ
تُسايرُهمْriding alongside them وذُراكَand your precincts الحَرَمthe sanctuary
تُسايرُهمْ وذُراكَ الحَرَم
Their quarry would not have been lawful had you gone
riding beside them, for your precincts are a sanctuary.
خَرجْتَyou went out تُشيِّعُescorting وفْدَthe company الحجَيof pilgrims (continued)
خَرجْتَ تُشيِّعُ وفْدَ الحجَي
جِcompletion of 'pilgrims' والبيدُand the deserts غُبْرٌgray تُثيرُstirring up القَتَمdust
جِ والبيدُ غُبْرٌ تُثيرُ القَتَم
You went out to escort the company of pilgrims,
while the gray deserts stirred up dust.
وصارتْand became لكfor you الأرضُthe earth فضّيّةًsilvery
وصارتْ لك الأرضُ فضّيّةً
رُجوعاًon returning وَللسُّحْبِand the clouds have أَيضاًalso خِدَمservices
رُجوعاً وَللسُّحْبِ أَيضاً خِدَم
The earth became silvery for you
on your return; the clouds, too, render services.
بقُربِكَat your nearness يَثْلُجُgrows cool قلْبُthe heart العراقِof Iraq
بقُربِكَ يَثْلُجُ قلْبُ العراقِ
سُروراًwith joy فقدfor indeed عَظُمَhas become great المُغْتَنمthe gain
سُروراً فقد عَظُمَ المُغْتَنم
At your nearness Iraq's heart grows cool
with joy, for great indeed is the gain.
أياO مِلكاًking يُبلِغُwho brings الوافِديthe visitors (continued)
أيا مِلكاً يُبلِغُ الوافِدي
نَcompletion of 'visitors' أقْصىthe utmost الأمانيwishes لأدْنَىfor the slightest الذِّمَمclaims of obligation
نَ أقْصى الأماني لأدْنَى الذِّمَم
O king who brings those who come to him
their utmost wishes for the slightest claim upon him!
غداbecame حاملاًpregnant منthrough نَداكَyour bounty الرَّجاءُhope
غدا حاملاً من نَداكَ الرَّجاءُ
فلاso no غروَwonder إنْif بانَappears منهfrom it وَحَمa pregnancy craving
فلا غروَ إنْ بانَ منه وَحَم
Hope has become pregnant through your bounty;
no wonder, then, if it shows cravings.
وممّاand among what اشتَهىit craved رَبْعةٌa boxed set للقِرانof the Qur'an
وممّا اشتَهى رَبْعةٌ للقِران
متَىwhenever نظَرreads المرءُa person فيهاwithin it خَتَمhe completes a recitation
متَى نظَر المرءُ فيها خَتَم
Among its cravings is a boxed Qur'an set:
whenever one reads within it, one reads it through.
وأجزاؤهاand its sections كجُفونِlike the eyelids العيونِof eyes
وأجزاؤها كجُفونِ العيونِ
لهنّthey have عنِover النَّوْرِthe blossoms فَتْحٌan opening وضَمّand a closing
لهنّ عنِ النَّوْرِ فَتْحٌ وضَمّ
Its sections are like the eyelids of eyes,
opening and closing over blossoms.
علىupon ظَهْرِهاits back وقَفendowed الصّاحبُthe lord الthe (continued)
على ظَهْرِها وقَف الصّاحبُ ال
أجَلُّmost illustrious علىfor المشهدِthe shrine المُحترَمrevered
أجَلُّ على المشهدِ المُحترَم
On its back: 'Endowed by the most
illustrious lord for the revered shrine.'
مكانٌa place شريفٌnoble عظيمُgreat الثّوابِin reward
مكانٌ شريفٌ عظيمُ الثّوابِ
منَfrom اللهGod فيin مثْلِهone like it يُغْتَنمis gained
منَ الله في مثْلِه يُغْتَنم
A noble place: immense is the reward
from God to be gained in a place like it.
وقدand indeed وقَفَhas stopped الأمرُthe matter فيat وَقْفةٍa standstill
وقد وقَفَ الأمرُ في وَقْفةٍ
فلاso let not يَنْتقِضْbe undone ماwhat لديكwith you انْبَرمwas firmly settled
فلا يَنْتقِضْ ما لديك انْبَرم
The matter has come to a standstill;
let not what was settled with you be undone.
فمِثلُكfor one like you ياO عادِمَone lacking المِثْلan equal مَنis someone
فمِثلُك يا عادِمَ المِثْل مَن
إذاwhen قالhe says للهِto God قولاًa word جَزَمmakes it firm
إذا قال للهِ قولاً جَزَم
One like you, O unequaled man, is someone
who, when he gives his word to God, makes it firm.
ويشكَرُand is praised مُفْتَتَحُthe beginning المكْرماتِof generous deeds
ويشكَرُ مُفْتَتَحُ المكْرماتِ
ولاbut not مِثْلماas يُشكَرُis praised المُخْتَتَمthe completion
ولا مِثْلما يُشكَرُ المُخْتَتَم
The beginning of generous deeds is praised,
but not as their completion is praised.
أتَىhas come العيدُthe feast فاسْعَدْso rejoice بإقبالهِin its arrival
أتَى العيدُ فاسْعَدْ بإقبالهِ
نَعمْyes وبأمثالِهand in others like it فيamid نِعَمblessings
نَعمْ وبأمثالِه في نِعَم
The feast has come: rejoice in its arrival,
yes, and in many like it, amid blessings.
لقدindeed سَنَّhas ordained ذاthis العيدُfeast نَحْرَthe slaughter العِداof enemies
لقد سَنَّ ذا العيدُ نَحْرَ العِدا
كماas عُهِدَتْwere accustomed قبْلُformerly حُمْرُthe red ones النَّعَمof camels
كما عُهِدَتْ قبْلُ حُمْرُ النَّعَم
This feast has ordained the slaughter of enemies,
as red camels were slaughtered before.
فقُلْso say للمُعادينَto the enemies إنif شِئْتُمُyou wish
فقُلْ للمُعادينَ إن شِئْتُمُ
ضَعواremove عنكُمُfrom yourselves للعيونِbefore the eyes اللُّثُمthe veils
ضَعوا عنكُمُ للعيونِ اللُّثُم
Tell your enemies: 'If you wish,
remove the veils from before your eyes.
أعارَكُمُhas lent you حِلْمُهُhis forbearance أرْؤُساًheads
أعارَكُمُ حِلْمُهُ أرْؤُساً
فلاso do not تَسأمواgrow weary حَمْلَهاof carrying them ماas long as حَلُمhe remains forbearing
فلا تَسأموا حَمْلَها ما حَلُم
His forbearance has lent you your heads;
do not tire of carrying them while he remains forbearing.
ومَنand whoever عَدِمَreceives no الشُّكَرgratitude للمُستَعيرِfrom the borrower
ومَن عَدِمَ الشُّكَر للمُستَعيرِ
فأصبحَthen becomes مُرتَجعاًone reclaiming his loan لمnot يُلَمis blamed
فأصبحَ مُرتَجعاً لم يُلَم
Whoever receives no thanks from a borrower
is not blamed when he reclaims his loan.
فلاso do not يَخدعنّكُمُlet deceive you مُنْعِمٌa benefactor
فلا يَخدعنّكُمُ مُنْعِمٌ
إذاif شاءhe wishes مِمّنْon whoever عَصاهُdisobeys him انْتقَمhe takes vengeance
إذا شاء مِمّنْ عَصاهُ انْتقَم
Do not be deceived by a benefactor:
if he wishes, he takes vengeance on whoever disobeys him.
ولمand not يَنْجُescaped مُستَعصِمٌone seeking safety بالنَّوىin distance
ولم يَنْجُ مُستَعصِمٌ بالنَّوى
فَينْجَوso could escape مُستهدَفٌan exposed target مِنْat أَمَمclose range
فَينْجَو مُستهدَفٌ مِنْ أَمَم
One who sought safety in distance did not escape;
how could an exposed target close at hand escape?'
أياO مَنْyou who إذاwhen ماemphatic particle عَظُمْنَgrow great الذُّنوبُthe sins
أيا مَنْ إذا ما عَظُمْنَ الذُّنوبُ
كأنَّit seems لهhe possesses العفْوَpardon أوفَىgreater عِظَمin magnitude
كأنَّ له العفْوَ أوفَى عِظَم
O you who, when sins grow great,
seem to possess a pardon greater still!
ومَنْand you whose سَطْوُهُhis might الدَّهرَforever يُرديstrikes dead العِداthe enemies
ومَنْ سَطْوُهُ الدَّهرَ يُردي العِدا
ومَنْand you whose عَفْوُهُhis pardon الدَّهرَforever يُحْييbrings to life الرِّممdecayed bones
ومَنْ عَفْوُهُ الدَّهرَ يُحْيي الرِّمم
You whose might forever strikes enemies dead,
and whose pardon forever brings decayed bones to life!
لقدindeed صاغَكَfashioned you اللهُGod مِنout of لُطْفِهHis kindness
لقد صاغَكَ اللهُ مِن لُطْفِه
وصانand guarded ذِمامَكَyour pledge مِنagainst أنْbeing يُذَمّreproached
وصان ذِمامَكَ مِن أنْ يُذَمّ
God fashioned you out of His kindness
and guarded your pledge against reproach.
وماand not أنتyou إلاّexcept لهof His نِعمةٌa blessing
وما أنت إلاّ له نِعمةٌ
عليناupon us فبالشُّكْرِso through gratitude فَلْتُستَدَمmay it be made enduring
علينا فبالشُّكْرِ فَلْتُستَدَم
You are nothing but a blessing from Him
upon us; through gratitude may that blessing endure.