نبهنيhe woke me والنجمand the star قدalready غاراhad set
نبهني والنجم قد غارا
والصبحand dawn ماnot أسفرshone forth أسفاراa shining forth
والصبح ما أسفر أسفارا
He woke me when the star had set,
He woke me while the stars were still out
and dawn had not yet shone forth:
And the dawn had not yet fully broken
مهفهفa slender youth شعشعradiated منfrom خدهhis cheek
مهفهف شعشع من خده
نوراlight ومنand from خمرتهhis wine ناراfire
نورا ومن خمرته نارا
a slender youth, who shed from his cheek
With cheeks glowing and eyes shining
light, and from his wine, fire.
Like rays of light and embers of fire
قدalready حلunfastened زرّthe button النومof sleep عنfrom جفنهhis eyelid
قد حل زرّ النوم عن جفنه
وشدand tied فوقabove الخصرthe waist زناراa girdle
وشد فوق الخصر زنارا
He had unfastened sleep’s button from his eyelid
Sleep had departed from his eyelids
and bound a girdle above his waist.
And he had fastened his waistwrap
وقامand rose منfrom رقدتهhis slumber سحرةbefore dawn
وقام من رقدته سحرة
بطرفهwith his gaze الفاترlanguid سحاراa sorcerer
بطرفه الفاتر سحارا
He rose from his slumber before dawn,
He had risen early from his slumber
a sorcerer with his languid gaze.
Blinking his drowsy eyes awake
يبديdisplays علىupon غصنa bough لجينof silver ندdewy
يبدي على غصن لجين ند
وجهالهa face of his يحسبis considered ديناراa dinar
وجهاله يحسب دينارا
He displays, upon a dewy silver bough,
Showing off branches heavy with fruit
his face, which seems a gold dinar.
As if they were made of pure gold
لهhe has عذارؤcheek-down مذsince بداappeared نبتهits growth
له عذارؤ مذ بدا نبته
أقامprovided ليfor me فيin الحبlove أعذاراexcuses
أقام لي في الحب أعذارا
His cheek-down, ever since it first sprouted,
Since it started growing he made excuses
has furnished me excuses for love.
Putting off our love for later days
يصبحنيhe serves me a morning draught عانيةwine from ʿĀna أنفدتhave exhausted
يصبحني عانية أنفدت
دنانهاits wine-jars فيin العمرaging أعماراlifetimes
دنانها في العمر أعمارا
He serves me ʿĀna wine at morning—wine that has spent
He reproaches me, my supplies exhausted
lifetimes aging in its jars.
After spending my life's efforts
فيin روضةa garden أضحكmade laugh منهاthere الحياthe rain
في روضة أضحك منها الحيا
بدمعهwith its tears الهاطلpouring أزهاراflowers
بدمعه الهاطل أزهارا
In a garden where the rain brought laughter,
In a garden that makes life laugh
with its pouring tears, to flowers.
With tears falling like raindrops on flowers
قدalready عانقhas embraced المخضّرthe green growth منof نبتهاits plants
قد عانق المخضّر من نبتها
جداfirst part of 'streams' ولاlast part of 'streams' زرقاًblue وأنهاراand rivers
جدا ولا زرقاً وأنهارا
The green of its plants has embraced
The greens have embraced the blossoms
blue streams and rivers.
Both the blueness and the rivers alike
وانحلّand came undone خيطthe thread الطلّof dew فيهاin it ضحىat midmorning
وانحلّ خيط الطلّ فيها ضحى
يبلmoistens للزهرةfor the flower نواراblossoms
يبل للزهرة نوارا
And dew’s thread came undone there at midmorning,
The strands of pearls have scattered in it
wetting the flower’s bloom.
To give the flowers an elegant glow
فالوردand the rose غضfresh خجلbashful ولندىand dew
فالورد غض خجل ولندى
فيin مقلthe eyes النرجسof the narcissus قدhas حاراstood bewildered
في مقل النرجس قد حارا
The rose is fresh and bashful, and dew
The shy rose is pink, the narcissus dizzy
stands bewildered in the narcissus’s eyes.
Among the petals confusion stirs
والريحand the wind قدhas نبتtattled (unclear spelling) بنمامهاthrough its telltale aromatic herb
والريح قد نبت بنمامها
وهناafter nightfall وابدتand revealed منهfrom it اسراراsecrets
وهنا وابدت منه اسرارا
And the wind has tattled through its telltale herb,
The gentle breeze makes it prosper
after nightfall, divulging its secrets.
Revealing from it profound mysteries
ينسيmakes one forget بهاthere الطيرthe bird علىupon عودهits branch
ينسي بها الطير على عوده
إذاwhen شداit sings عوداa lute ومزماراand a flute
إذا شدا عودا ومزمارا
There, the bird upon its branch makes one forget,
The birds forget their pain on its branches
when it sings, both lute and flute.
As their songs and flutes spread wide
انظرlook إلىat السحبthe clouds التيthat حسنتadorned
انظر إلى السحب التي حسنت
لأرضهاfor their earth زهراflowers وأشجاراand trees
لأرضها زهرا وأشجارا
Look at the clouds that have adorned
Look at the clouds that have adorned it
the earth beneath them with flowers and trees.
With flowers and trees across its expanse
تجديدyou find the hand (joined phrase) الصاحبthe Sahib فيin فعلهاits dealings
تجديد الصاحب في فعلها
بمعدمwith a destitute person أحسنfairer آثاراin effects
بمعدم أحسن آثارا
You will find the Sahib’s hand, in its dealings
Renewing the good deeds of its maker
with the destitute, fairer in its effects.
With the finest traces that remain
المؤثرthe selfless man الندبthe gallant one الذيwho لمnot يزلhas ceased
المؤثر الندب الذي لم يزل
يدركexacts منfrom أعدائهhis enemies الثاراvengeance
يدرك من أعدائه الثارا
The selfless, gallant man who has never ceased
The helper, the defender, who always
to exact vengeance from his enemies.
Inflicts vengeance on his enemies
والموردand the one who brings in المصدرthe one who sends forth ياO ربLord لاdo not
والمورد المصدر يا رب لا
تعدمهdeprive him إيراداof bringing in واصداراand sending forth
تعدمه إيرادا واصدارا
And who brings in and sends forth—O Lord, do not
The generous patron, oh Lord, never
deprive him of bringing in and sending forth.
Deprive him of giving or stopping
وواحدand the peerless one الملكof the realm الذيwhose ماnot رأىsaw
وواحد الملك الذي ما رأى
مثلاan equal لهto him كسرىKisrā ولاnor داراDārā
مثلا له كسرى ولا دارا
And the realm’s peerless man, whose like
The One, the King, who was never seen
neither Kisrā nor Dārā ever saw.
To have an equal, not even Kisra
لاnot تسعencompasses الدنياthe world لهfor him همّةًan ambition
لا تسع الدنيا له همّةً
ولاترىand is not deemed الأرضthe earth لهfor him داراa home
ولاترى الأرض له دارا
The world cannot encompass his ambition,
The world cannot contain his ambition
nor is the earth deemed a home for him.
Nor can the earth encompass his abode
عارfree منof العارdisgrace ولبسand wearing الخناbaseness
عار من العار ولبس الخنا
قارa hospitable host إذاwhen الليلthe night حكىresembles القاراpitch
قار إذا الليل حكى القارا
Free of disgrace and the garb of baseness,
Far from shame, he shuns sins
a host when night is black as pitch.
Tranquil, though nights breed disgrace
كمhow many مدsupported بالجبرby mending كسيراa broken man وكممand how many
كم مد بالجبر كسيرا وكمم
دوخsubdued بالسطوةwith might جباراa tyrant
دوخ بالسطوة جبارا
How many broken men he has helped and mended, and how many
How much he straightens the bent ones
tyrants he has subdued with his might!
And humbles the arrogant overlords
أغارmost jealous فيregarding الطيبfragrance علىover عرضهhis honor
أغار في الطيب على عرضه
انthat يشبهit resemble المندلaloeswood والغاراand laurel
ان يشبه المندل والغارا
He guards his honor’s fragrance too jealously
He is jealous in generosity, unwilling
to let it be likened to aloeswood and laurel.
To be compared to the cheap and the vile
أشجعthe bravest منof those who يخطرstride proudly بالرمحwith the spear فيon
أشجع من يخطر بالرمح في
يومa day وغىof battle أسمرbrown خطاراswaying
يوم وغى أسمر خطارا
The bravest to stride with a spear on
More valiant than one who dares the spears
a day of battle, its brown shaft swaying.
On a fateful day of clashing knights
وخيرand the best منof those whose تحملbear أسيافهhis swords
وخير من تحمل أسيافه
عناon our behalf حمالاتburdens وأخطاراand dangers
عنا حمالات وأخطارا
And the best of those whose swords bear
Better than one who bears the swords
our burdens and perils for us.
To protect us from dreadful threats
مؤيدupholder الإسلامof Islam ياO منyou who غداhave become
مؤيد الإسلام يا من غدا
كالدهرlike Time نفاعاgreatly beneficent وضراراand greatly harmful
كالدهر نفاعا وضرارا
Upholder of Islam, O you who have become
Supporter of Islam, oh you who have become
like Time, mighty in beneficence and in harm.
Like time, bringing both harm and benefit
وياand O أباAbū (father of) الفضلal-Faḍl الذيwhose فضلهhis bounty
ويا أبا الفضل الذي فضله
قدhas طبقcovered الأرضthe earth وقدand has ساراtraveled
قد طبق الأرض وقد سارا
And O Abū al-Faḍl, whose bounty
Oh Abu Al-Fadl, whose excellence
has covered the earth and traveled far.
Has encompassed the earth as he marched on
ياO ليثlion حربof war لمnot يزلhas ceased جودهhis generosity
يا ليث حرب لم يزل جوده
يخجلputs to shame صوبthe downpour الغيثof rain مدراراtorrential
يخجل صوب الغيث مدرارا
O lion of war, whose generosity has never ceased
Oh lion of war, whose generosity
to shame the rain’s torrential downpour.
Has always humbled heavy rains
عمركyour lifetime للناسfor the people ربيعspring إذاwhen
عمرك للناس ربيع إذا
عصورthe ages قومof others كنّwere أعصاراwhirlwinds
عصور قوم كنّ أعصارا
Your lifetime is spring for the people, when
You give life to people in the spring
the ages of others have been whirlwinds.
While ages make others wither
أقسمتI swore لاnot جارhas oppressed زمانTime علىupon
أقسمت لا جار زمان على
مضطهدan oppressed person بتyou became لهfor him جاراa protector
مضطهد بت له جارا
I swear: Time has never oppressed
I swear no era can persecute
a victim whose protector you have become.
One who has you as a neighbor
البستنيyou clothed me النعمىin blessings وخولتنيand you granted me
البستني النعمى وخولتني
مكارماbounties عوناmature ones واَبكاراand maiden ones
مكارما عونا واَبكارا
You clothed me in blessings and granted me
You have granted me blessings and gifts
bounties, both mature and maiden.
Support, aid, and triumphs
فسوفso, shall آتيكI bring you بهاfor them شرداfar-roaming verses
فسوف آتيك بها شردا
حواضراpresent عندكwith you سفاراtraveling abroad
حواضرا عندك سفارا
So, for these, I shall bring you far-roaming verses,
I will keep returning with more
present with you, yet traveling afar.
Like envoys traveling far and wide
تحسبهاregard them الأقمارthe moons فيin سيرهاtheir courses
تحسبها الأقمار في سيرها
وذكرهاand their renown الخالدeverlasting أقماراas moons
وذكرها الخالد أقمارا
The moons, in their courses, regard them
The celestial bodies will think them
and their everlasting renown as moons.
Traveling stars as they shine bright
بقيتmay you live on تفدٍbe ransomed (unclear spelling) الدهرfor all time فيin نعمةblessing
بقيت تفدٍ الدهر في نعمة
باقيةlasting صوماfasting وإفطاراand breaking the fast
باقية صوما وإفطارا
May you live on, ever ransomed, in blessing,
You keep enriching time with favors
lasting through fasting and breaking the fast.
Lasting through fasts and feasts