أَمِنْwas it from رُقبَةٍfear of being watched عافَhe shunned السَّلامَthe greeting مُوِّدعاbidding farewell
أَمِنْ رُقبَةٍ عافَ السَّلامَ مُوِّدعا
ورَدَّand he held back جُموحَthe wild rush of الدَّمعِtears حينَwhen تَسَرَّعاit rushed forth
ورَدَّ جُموحَ الدَّمعِ حينَ تَسَرَّعا
Was it fear of being watched that made him shun the greeting as he bade farewell,
From a graceful neck that bid farewell in peace,
and check the headlong tears when they rushed forth,
And restrained the flow of tears as they hastened,
وصَدَّعَنِand he turned away from البِيضِthe fair-skinned women الحِسانِthe beautiful وقدthough already بَدَتthey appeared
وصَدَّعَنِ البِيضِ الحِسانِ وقد بَدَت
فأَبدَتْand they revealed لعَينيهِto his two eyes المَحاسِنَthe charms أجمَعاall together
فأَبدَتْ لعَينيهِ المَحاسِنَ أجمَعا
and turn from the lovely fair-skinned women, though they appeared
Appeared the beautiful white wrists, displaying
and revealed to his eyes all their charms?
Their charms completely to his eyes.
بَرَزْنَthey emerged فمِنand among them بَدْرٍa full moon تَقَنَّعَit veiled itself بالدُّجَىin darkness
بَرَزْنَ فمِن بَدْرٍ تَقَنَّعَ بالدُّجَى
يغازلُflirts with ليثاًa lion بالحديدِin iron مُقَنَّعاmasked
يغازلُ ليثاً بالحديدِ مُقَنَّعا
They emerged: one a full moon veiled in darkness,
Like a full moon veiled in darkness,
flirting with a lion masked in iron;
Flirting with a lion masked in iron.
ومِنْand among them غُصُنٍa bough رَطْبٍsupple تأزَّرَit girdled itself بالنَّقاwith a sand dune
ومِنْ غُصُنٍ رَطْبٍ تأزَّرَ بالنَّقا
إذاwhen هَزَّstirred عِطْفَيْهِits two flanks القِناعُthe veil تَزَعْزَعاit swayed
إذا هَزَّ عِطْفَيْهِ القِناعُ تَزَعْزَعا
another a supple bough girdled with a sand dune,
Or a moist branch wrapped in soft fine silk,
swaying when the veil stirred its two flanks.
Swaying gently with the stir of its trailing ends.
مَزَجْنَthey mixed لهfor him عَذْبَthe sweetness of الهَوىlove بمَرارَةٍwith bitterness
مَزَجْنَ له عَذْبَ الهَوى بمَرارَةٍ
يُجَرَّعُhe is made to swallow مِنْfrom مَكروهِهاits anguish ماwhat تَجرَّعاhe swallowed
يُجَرَّعُ مِنْ مَكروهِها ما تَجرَّعا
They mixed for him love's sweetness with bitterness;
They tempered the sweetness of love with bitterness,
he is made to swallow what he has swallowed of its anguish.
So he sipped what was disliked from her.
إذاif ماemphatic particle الهَوىlove يوماًone day تَصَدَّعَfell apart شَملُهits unity
إذا ما الهَوى يوماً تَصَدَّعَ شَملُه
فأَخْلِقْhow likely بِشَمْلِfor the unity of الصَّبرِpatience أنto يتَصَدَّعاfall apart
فأَخْلِقْ بِشَمْلِ الصَّبرِ أن يتَصَدَّعا
If one day love's bonds fall apart,
If love's union someday disintegrates,
how likely patience's bonds are to fall apart too!
Have the strength through patience to reconstruct it.
عَدَتْنيَshe kept me away مِنْfrom زَوْرٍa visitor إذاwhen زارَhe visited عاشقاًa lover
عَدَتْنيَ مِنْ زَوْرٍ إذا زارَ عاشقاً
أَعادَturned المُنىwishes مرأىًinto a sight وقدthough already كانَit had been مَسمَعاsomething heard
أَعادَ المُنى مرأىً وقد كانَ مَسمَعا
I was kept from a visitor who, when visiting a lover,
When an ardent lover visits, they count me
makes wishes visible, though once they were only heard of.
Among the false ones, though once I listened and saw.
يُداريhe conceals عُذوبَةَthe sweetness of الحُليِّthe jewelry وقدthough already عَلاrose
يُداري عُذوبَةَ الحُليِّ وقد عَلا
تَرَنُّمُهوالمِسكَits melody and the musk حينَwhen تَضَوَّعاit spread its fragrance
تَرَنُّمُهوالمِسكَ حينَ تَضَوَّعا
He hushes the jewelry's sweetness, though rising
Evading the sweetness of my cheek's soft skin,
is its melody, and hides the musk when its fragrance spreads.
Though it murmurs musk when gently stroked.
ويَبذُلُand he gives ليto me فيin النَّومِsleep ماwhat لوif طَلَبْتُهI asked for it
ويَبذُلُ لي في النَّومِ ما لو طَلَبْتُه
علىin يَقْظَةٍwakefulness منيof mine ومنهand his تمنَّعاhe held back
على يَقْظَةٍ مني ومنه تمنَّعا
And gives me in sleep what, were I to ask for it
And in sleep he grants me what, had I sought awake,
while he and I were awake, he would withhold.
Would have been refused by him and denied by me.
هَلِwill الدَّهْرُTime مُلْقٍrelease منfrom مَخالبclaws
هَلِ الدَّهْرُ مُلْقٍ من مَخالب
شجاعاًa brave man علىon condition ألاّthat not مشيّعاescorted
شجاعاً على ألاّ مشيّعا
Will Time release from its claws
Does time bare its claws to pounce
a brave man, provided he is not escorted [wording unclear],
On the valiant, marching them off undetained?
صبوراًpatient علىunder الأحداثِcalamities يعشَقُhe adores عُدْمَهhis poverty
صبوراً على الأحداثِ يعشَقُ عُدْمَه
وإقلالَهand his scant means كيلاso as not to يَذِلَّbe humiliated ويَخْضَعاand submit
وإقلالَه كيلا يَذِلَّ ويَخْضَعا
patient under calamities, loving his poverty
Resigned to events, enamored of its own nonexistence,
and his scant means, lest he be humbled and submit?
Lessening and humiliating lest it be disgraced and submit.
ومُرتَدعٍand deterred راميthe accuser of البريءِthe innocent بِتُهْمَةٍwith an accusation
ومُرتَدعٍ رامي البريءِ بِتُهْمَةٍ
فقدfor indeed سارَhe went فيهاwith it فيamong الأنامِhumankind وأوضَعاand he hastened
فقد سارَ فيها في الأنامِ وأوضَعا
And will the accuser who charges the innocent be deterred?
And charging the innocent with accusations,
For he has gone among humankind with it, and hastened onward.
Having already accused them falsely among people.
أَرَبَّO master of القَوافيthe rhymes الغُرِّradiant يُرقَىone is charmed بمثلِهاwith their like
أَرَبَّ القَوافي الغُرِّ يُرقَى بمثلِها
لقدindeed فَرَّfled أفعَىa viper يَنفُثُspews السُّمَّpoison مُنقَعاpotent
لقد فَرَّ أفعَى يَنفُثُ السُّمَّ مُنقَعا
O master of radiant rhymes, their like is used as charms;
Oh wonder of verse! Are its strange, wondrous expressions
indeed, a viper has fled, spewing potent poison.
Like a serpent spewing poison from its dripping fangs?
وكيفَand how وقدwhen already شَعْشَعْتُI blended كلَّevery غريبةٍrare marvel
وكيفَ وقد شَعْشَعْتُ كلَّ غريبةٍ
منَof القَوْلِspeech تُزريmakes light بالرَّحيقِof pure wine مُشَعشَعاdiluted
منَ القَوْلِ تُزري بالرَّحيقِ مُشَعشَعا
And how, when I have blended every rare marvel
When have I not illuminated every perplexing line
of speech that puts diluted wine to shame?
With speech that glows with limpid nectar?
وأَجرَيْتُand I set flowing منfrom عَذْبِsweet الكَلامِspeech مَوارِداًsprings
وأَجرَيْتُ من عَذْبِ الكَلامِ مَوارِداً
تروحُgo at evening وتَغْدوand go at morning للبَرِيَّةِfor humankind مَشرَعاa watering place
تروحُ وتَغْدو للبَرِيَّةِ مَشرَعا
And I have set springs of sweet speech flowing,
And channeled from the river of eloquence streams
offering humankind a watering place, evening and morning.
That flow and return to nourish the wilderness.
وبرَّزْتُand I outstripped سَبقاًin the race فيin غَرائبِهits rare marvels الأُلىwhich
وبرَّزْتُ سَبقاً في غَرائبِه الأُلى
يُقَصِّرُfalls short عنهاof them سابقُthe foremost runner of القَوْمِthe people إنif سَعىhe strives
يُقَصِّرُ عنها سابقُ القَوْمِ إن سَعى
And I have raced ahead in its rare marvels, which
I have excelled in its wondrous subtleties,
the people's foremost runner falls short of, even if he strives.
Beyond what any predecessor strove to attain.
فهَلْso will سامِعٌhear منّيfrom me الأميرُthe emir بَراءَةًa declaration of innocence
فهَلْ سامِعٌ منّي الأميرُ بَراءَةً
أقومُI stand بهاwith it بينbetween السِّماطَيْنِthe two rows مُسمِعاmaking it heard
أقومُ بها بين السِّماطَيْنِ مُسمِعا
Will the emir, then, hear from me a declaration of innocence
Is there, oh Prince, a hearer to my innocence,
which I stand to proclaim between the two rows?
Which I establish impartial between the two ranks?
ثناءًpraise إذاif عايَنْتَyou behold عِقدَthe necklace of نِظامِهits stringing
ثناءً إذا عايَنْتَ عِقدَ نِظامِه
توهَّمْتَهyou imagined it للجَوهرِfor gems التِّبرِraw gold مَجمَعاa gathering
توهَّمْتَه للجَوهرِ التِّبرِ مَجمَعا
A song of praise—if you behold its strung necklace,
Praise, that when you see the polish of its composition,
you would take it for a gathering of gems and gold.
You imagine it joined like gems of pure brilliance.
فَتىًa youth ساورَassailed العَلياءَthe heights قبلَbefore فِطامِهhis weaning
فَتىً ساورَ العَلياءَ قبلَ فِطامِه
وراعَand he terrified العِداthe foes منfrom قَبلِbefore أنthat يَتَرَعْرَعاhe grew up
وراعَ العِدا من قَبلِ أن يَتَرَعْرَعا
A youth who stormed the heights before his weaning,
A knight who vied with the lofty before he was weaned,
and terrified his enemies before he began to grow.
And shepherded justice before he could walk steadily.
جَوادٌa generous man إذاwhen أدَّىfulfilled الفريضةَthe obligatory duty جُودُهhis generosity
جَوادٌ إذا أدَّى الفريضةَ جُودُه
تَنَفَّلَmade extra offerings منfrom حَبِّlove النَّدىgenerosity فتطَوَّعاand gave voluntarily
تَنَفَّلَ من حَبِّ النَّدى فتطَوَّعا
A generous man whose bounty, after fulfilling its duty,
A steed who when he fulfills his duty generously,
makes extra offerings from love of giving, freely volunteering.
Does supererogatory acts out of love for bounty.
نُقابِلُwe encounter منهin him الشَّمسَthe sun فيin قُربِthe nearness of ضَوْئِهاits light
نُقابِلُ منه الشَّمسَ في قُربِ ضَوْئِها
وإنْand even if بَعُدَتْit is distant فيin صَفحَةِthe expanse of الجوِّthe sky مَطلَعاin its rising-place
وإنْ بَعُدَتْ في صَفحَةِ الجوِّ مَطلَعا
In him we face the sun, its light close at hand,
We seek his closeness like the sun at its zenith,
though its rising-place lies far across the sky's expanse.
And when far on the horizon, like the rising sun.
ونسألُand we ask منهfrom him بارِعاًpreeminent فيin سَماحَةٍgenerosity
ونسألُ منه بارِعاً في سَماحَةٍ
فإنْthen if نحنُwe أغفَلْناwe neglected السؤالَasking تبرَّعاhe gave unbidden
فإنْ نحنُ أغفَلْنا السؤالَ تبرَّعا
And we ask of him, preeminent in generosity;
Asking with expertise in nobility,
and if we neglect to ask, he gives unbidden.
And if we forget to ask, he volunteers.
إذاwhen أبدَعَexcelled المُدَّاحُthe panegyrists أبدَعَexcelled عُرْفُهhis kindness
إذا أبدَعَ المُدَّاحُ أبدَعَ عُرْفُه
فكانَso he was بماin what يُسْديhe bestows منof العُرْفِkindness أبدَعاmore wondrous
فكانَ بما يُسْدي من العُرْفِ أبدَعا
When the panegyrists excel, his kindness excels,
When the talented panegyrist is inspired, his discernment
and he is more wondrous still in the kindness he bestows.
Also excels, enhanced by his excellent gifts.
وإنْand if لَجَّpersisted فيin إضرارِهِharming him الدَّهْرُTime أَصبحَتْbecame
وإنْ لَجَّ في إضرارِهِ الدَّهْرُ أَصبحَتْ
خَلائِقُهُhis qualities فيهاin it أَضَرَّmore harmful وأَنفَعاand more beneficial
خَلائِقُهُ فيها أَضَرَّ وأَنفَعا
And if Time persists in harming him, then
And if time injures with its harms,
his qualities become, therein, more harmful and more helpful—
His manners within it become most harmful and beneficial.
مكارِمُthe noble deeds of وَضَّاحٍa radiant man إذاwhen ماemphatic particle تذرَّعَتْstretched their reach
مكارِمُ وَضَّاحٍ إذا ما تذرَّعَتْ
ملوكُthe kings of الوَرَىhumankind فيin المَكرُماتِnoble deeds تَذَرَّعاto the utmost
ملوكُ الوَرَى في المَكرُماتِ تَذَرَّعا
the noble deeds of a radiant man, when
The noble deeds of the famed performer, when rulers
the kings of humankind stretch to the utmost in noble deeds.
Don them, excel even rulers in nobility.
لهhe has راحةٌa palm ماnever قيسَwas compared بالغَيْثِwith rain صَوبُهاits downpour
له راحةٌ ما قيسَ بالغَيْثِ صَوبُها
لَدىduring المِحْلِdrought إلاّexcept that كانَit was أندىmore generous وأوسَعاand more abundant
لَدى المِحْلِ إلاّ كانَ أندى وأوسَعا
He has a palm whose downpour is never compared with rain
His rest whose direction, when clouds pour,
in drought without proving more generous and abundant.
The shelter cannot compare, so cool and ample.
تَرىyou see طَمَعَthe desire of العافينَpetitioners يَحتاجُneeds وَفرَهhis ample wealth
تَرى طَمَعَ العافينَ يَحتاجُ وَفرَه
وليسَتْand do not ترىsee أعدؤهhis enemies فيهin it مَطمَعاa prospect of gain
وليسَتْ ترى أعدؤه فيه مَطمَعا
You see the petitioners' hopes in need of his ample wealth,
You see the hopes of the prosperous need his overflowing stream,
yet his enemies see in it no prospect of gain.
Yet you never see his enemies hoping in him.
صَنائعُfavours of مَشهورِone famed for الصَّنائعِfavours يَبتَديhe initiates
صَنائعُ مَشهورِ الصَّنائعِ يَبتَدي
طِباعاًnaturally إذاwhen المَسْؤُولُthe one petitioned يوماًone day تصَّنعاput on a show
طِباعاً إذا المَسْؤُولُ يوماً تصَّنعا
Favours from one famed for favours: he initiates them
The feats of the master of feats begin
naturally, when one day the man being petitioned merely puts on a show.
Naturally when the questioner one day pretends.
إذاwhen ماemphatic particle مضىpassed صَدْرُthe beginning of النَّهارِthe day بسَيلِهwith its torrent
إذا ما مضى صَدْرُ النَّهارِ بسَيلِه
تولَّىit departed وأبقىand left آخرَthe end of اللَّيلِthe night مَربَعاa spring pasture
تولَّى وأبقى آخرَ اللَّيلِ مَربَعا
When the first part of day passes with its torrent,
When the morning passes in its torrents,
it departs, leaving a spring pasture at the night's end.
It turns away, leaving the late night squared.
شمائلُtraits أبهىlovelier منthan حِلَىthe ornaments of الرَّوْضِthe garden مَنْظَراًin appearance
شمائلُ أبهى من حِلَى الرَّوْضِ مَنْظَراً
وأحسَنُand better منthan فِعْلِthe work of السَّحائبِthe clouds مَرتَعاas pasturage
وأحسَنُ من فِعْلِ السَّحائبِ مَرتَعا
Traits lovelier to behold than the garden's ornaments,
Features fairer than the garden's adornments to behold,
and better pasturage than the clouds' handiwork.
And better than the work of clouds as pasture.
أباO Abu تغلبٍTaghlib لاmay you not زِلْتَcease للقِرْنِagainst the opponent غالباًvictorious
أبا تغلبٍ لا زِلْتَ للقِرْنِ غالباً
إذاwhen ارتدَّrecoiled للرَّوْعِat terror الكَمِيُّthe armored warrior مُرَوَّعاterrified
إذا ارتدَّ للرَّوْعِ الكَمِيُّ مُرَوَّعا
Abu Taghlib, may you never cease vanquishing your opponent,
O father of Taghlib, you remain conquering the age,
when the armored warrior recoils, stricken with terror.
When the multitude turn and flee terrified.
تُنازِلُهyou fight him بالسَّيفِwith the sword غيرَwithout مُخادِعٍdeceiving
تُنازِلُه بالسَّيفِ غيرَ مُخادِعٍ
فتُورِدُهand you lead it to drink منهfrom him وَريداًa jugular vein وأَخدَعاand a neck vein
فتُورِدُه منه وَريداً وأَخدَعا
You meet him with the sword, using no deceit,
You engage them with the sword without deceit,
and lead it to drink from his jugular and his neck vein.
And stab them deeply with mortal wounds.
أَعِدْrestore دارِساًsomething faded منof رِسْمِthe trace of بِرِّكَyour kindness واضحاًclear
أَعِدْ دارِساً من رِسْمِ بِرِّكَ واضحاً
فقدfor indeed وَضَحَbecame clear العُذْرُthe excuse انكشافاًopenly revealed وأقنَعاand convinced
فقد وَضَحَ العُذْرُ انكشافاً وأقنَعا
Restore to clarity the faded trace of your kindness,
Prepare one studying your exemplary deeds,
for the excuse has come plainly to light and proved convincing.
For the excuse has been clearly exposed and convinced.
فليfor I have فيكَconcerning you منfrom حُسْنِthe beauty of الثَّناءِpraise ذَريعَةٌa means of approach
فلي فيكَ من حُسْنِ الثَّناءِ ذَريعَةٌ
تُمَكِّنُestablishes firmly عنديwith me للصَّنيعَةِfor kindness مَوْضِعاa place
تُمَكِّنُ عندي للصَّنيعَةِ مَوْضِعا
For I have, in fine praise of you, a means of approach
In you I have means to praise handsomely,
that gives your kindness a secure place with me.
Enabling me to properly place the craft.
وثانيةٌإنَّand a second—indeed ابنَthe son of عمِّكَyour paternal uncle شافعيmy intercessor
وثانيةٌإنَّ ابنَ عمِّكَ شافعي
ولوand if ناشدَhe implored الغَيْثَthe rain استهَلَّit poured forth فأسرَعاand it hastened
ولو ناشدَ الغَيْثَ استهَلَّ فأسرَعا
And a second: your cousin is indeed my intercessor;
And secondly, your cousin Saifi,
and were he to implore the rain, it would pour forth and hasten.
Were he to implore the rain, it would quickly pour.