إنْif تُحْيَare revived آماليmy hopes بِرُؤْيَةِby seeing عيسىIsa
إنْ تُحْيَ آمالي بِرُؤْيَةِ عيسى
فَلطالماfor so often أَنْضَتْexhausted إليهtoward him العِيساthe pale camels
فَلطالما أَنْضَتْ إليه العِيسا
If my hopes are revived by the sight of Isa,
If you revive my hopes by seeing Jesus
they have so often worn out pale camels on the road to him.
The branches have long leaned towards him
وحَظِيتُand I gained favor بَعْدَafter اليَأْسِdespair بالخِضرِwith al-Khidr الَّذيwho
وحَظِيتُ بَعْدَ اليَأْسِ بالخِضرِ الَّذي
ماnot زالَceased يَرْقَىascends أَوْor حَكَىmatched إدْرِيساIdris
ما زالَ يَرْقَى أَوْ حَكَى إدْرِيسا
And after despair I gained favor with al-Khidr, who
And I was blessed after despair with the green one
has never ceased to ascend, or has matched Idris.
Who kept ascending and narrating about Idris
لولاwere it not for وُجُودُthe presence of الصَّاحِبَينِthe two companions كِلَيهِماboth of them
لولا وُجُودُ الصَّاحِبَينِ كِلَيهِما
صارتْbecame بُيُوتُthe dwellings of العالَمِينَmankind رُمُوساgraves
صارتْ بُيُوتُ العالَمِينَ رُمُوسا
Were it not for the presence of both companions,
If it were not for the existence of the two friends
the dwellings of mankind would have become graves.
The houses of both worlds would become desolate
كَمhow often قُلتُI said لَمَّاwhen أَنجَبَbegot الأبُthe father ابنَهُhis son
كَم قُلتُ لَمَّا أَنجَبَ الأبُ ابنَهُ
لاno غَروَwonder أَنthat يَلِدَshould beget النَّفِيسُthe precious one نَفِيساanother precious one
لا غَروَ أَن يَلِدَ النَّفِيسُ نَفِيسا
How often I said, when the father begot his son:
How much I said when the father begot his son
No wonder that a precious man should beget another.
It’s no wonder the precious begets the precious
للَّهِGod be praised for شَمْسُShams (sun) الدِّينِal-Din (the faith) شَمْسٌa sun أَطلَعَتbrought forth
للَّهِ شَمْسُ الدِّينِ شَمْسٌ أَطلَعَت
فيناamong us بُدُوراًfull moons لِلْهُدَىof guidance وَشُمُوساand suns
فينا بُدُوراً لِلْهُدَى وَشُمُوسا
God be praised for Shams al-Din—a sun that has raised
For God the sun of religion is a sun that rose
among us full moons and suns of guidance.
Among us cycles of guidance and suns
رَدَّتْrepelled لناfor us يَدُهُhis hand الغضُوبَthe wrathful one وأَسكَنَتand settled
رَدَّتْ لنا يَدُهُ الغضُوبَ وأَسكَنَت
بالعَدْلِthrough justice آرامَthe gazelles of الكِناسِthe covert الخِيساthe lion's thicket
بالعَدْلِ آرامَ الكِناسِ الخِيسا
His hand repelled the wrathful one for us, and settled
His hand returned us and settled with justice
through justice the covert's gazelles in the lion's thicket.
The quarrelsome miscreants
أَغْنَتْenriched مكارِمُهُhis generous deeds الفقيرَthe poor man وَأَطعَمَتand fed
أَغْنَتْ مكارِمُهُ الفقيرَ وَأَطعَمَت
مَنْwhoever كانَwas مِنْof خَيْرِthe good of الزَّمانِthe times يَؤُوساdespairing
مَنْ كانَ مِنْ خَيْرِ الزَّمانِ يَؤُوسا
His generous deeds enriched the poor and fed
His generosity enriched the poor and fed
those who had despaired of any good from their times.
Those who were hopeless in the good days
حبرٌa learned scholar تَصَدَّرَpresided لِلنَّوالِover bounty فَلَمso not يَزَلceased
حبرٌ تَصَدَّرَ لِلنَّوالِ فَلَم يَزَل
يَتلوrecites عليهbefore him مِنَof المَدِيحِpraise دُرُوساlessons
يَتلو عليه مِنَ المَدِيحِ دُرُوسا
A scholar presiding over bounty, which has never ceased
An ink that took the lead in gifts and continued
reciting before him lessons of praise.
Reciting lessons about it from praise
دُعِيَwas called ابنُson of سِيناSina بالرَّئِيسِthe chief وَلوْand if رَأَىhe saw
دُعِيَ ابنُ سِينا بالرَّئِيسِ وَلوْ رَأَى
عيسىIsa لَسَمَّىhe would have called نَفْسَهُhimself المَرؤُوساthe subordinate
عيسى لَسَمَّى نَفْسَهُ المَرؤُوسا
Ibn Sina was called the chief; had he seen
Ibn Sina was called the Chief and had Jesus seen
Isa, he would have called himself the subordinate.
He would have called himself the subordinate
وَحَسِبْتُهُand I reckoned him مِنْbecause of بأَسِهِhis might وَذَكائِهِand his intelligence
وَحَسِبْتُهُ مِنْ بأَسِهِ وَذَكائِهِ
بَهْرَامَBahram (Mars) قارَنَconjoined فيin العُلاthe heights بَرجِيساBarjis (Jupiter)
بَهْرَامَ قارَنَ في العُلا بَرجِيسا
For his might and intelligence, I reckoned him
And I reckoned him by his courage and intelligence
Bahram conjoined with Barjis in the heights.
Like Bahram who equaled Burjīs in elevation
مِنfrom مَعشَرٍa people لَيُسَارِعُونَthey surely hasten إلىto الوَغَىbattle
مِن مَعشَرٍ لَيُسَارِعُونَ إلى الوَغَى
مُتنازِعِينَvying with one another مِنَfrom الحِمامِdeath كُؤُوساcups
مُتنازِعِينَ مِنَ الحِمامِ كُؤُوسا
He comes from a people who hasten to battle,
They are a group who hasten to chaos
vying with one another for cups of death.
Quarrelling over the dovecote like pigeons
لُدُّfierce الخِصامِin contention إذاwhen تَشاجَرَتِclashed القَناthe spears
لُدُّ الخِصامِ إذا تَشاجَرَتِ القَنا
لَمْdid not يَجْعَلواmake لهُمُfor themselves الحَديدَiron لَبُوساarmor
لَمْ يَجْعَلوا لهُمُ الحَديدَ لَبُوسا
Fierce in contention when the spears clash,
The chuckles of discord when the feathers clash
they do not make iron their armor.
They did not make iron their armor
وأَخُوand the man of البَسَالَةِvalor مَنْwhoever غَداbecame بِذِراعِهِby his arm
وأَخُو البَسَالَةِ مَنْ غَدا بِذِراعِهِ
لاnot دِرْعِهِhis armor يَوْمَon the day of الوَغَىbattle مَحْرُوساguarded
لا دِرْعِهِ يَوْمَ الوَغَى مَحْرُوسا
The truly valiant man is one who, by his arm,
And a brother of chivalry is one who goes out bare-armed
not his armor, is guarded on the day of battle.
On the day of battle not guarded
يُوفُونthey fulfill ماwhat وعَدُواthey promised كَأَنَّas though وُعُودَهمtheir promises
يُوفُون ما وعَدُوا كَأَنَّ وُعُودَهم
كانَتْwere يَمِيناًan oath بالوفاءto fidelity غَمُوساdeeply immersing
كانَتْ يَمِيناً بالوفاء غَمُوسا
They fulfill what they promise, as though their promises
They fulfill what they promise as if their promises
were an oath plunging deep into fidelity.
Were an oath sworn to fulfillment
يَاO أيُّهاyou الموْلَىthe master الوَزِيرُthe minister ومَنْand one who لَهُhas
يَا أيُّها الموْلَى الوَزِيرُ ومَنْ لَهُ
حِكَمٌwise sayings أغارَتْmade jealous منهof him رَسْطاليساAristotle
حِكَمٌ أغارَتْ منه رَسْطاليسا
O master, minister, you whose
O my master, O minister, and whoever
wisdom has stirred Aristotle's envy,
Has wisdom that surpassed Aristotle’s
هُنِّيتَmay you be congratulated تَقْليداًon an appointment أتاكَcame to you مُجَدِّدَاًrenewing
هُنِّيتَ تَقْليداً أتاكَ مُجَدِّدَاً
لِلناسِfor the people مِنْfrom سُلطانِهمtheir sovereign نامُوساa law
لِلناسِ مِنْ سُلطانِهم نامُوسا
May you be congratulated on an appointment that came to you, renewing
You were assigned leadership renewing
for the people a law from their sovereign.
For the people their law from its origin
أُرسِلتَyou were sent منهby him لِلخَلائِقِto all creatures رَحْمَةًas a mercy
أُرسِلتَ منه لِلخَلائِقِ رَحْمَةً
عَمَّتْembraced قِياماًthose standing منهمُamong them وجُلوساand those seated
عَمَّتْ قِياماً منهمُ وجُلوسا
You were sent by him as a mercy to all creatures,
You were sent as a mercy from it to all creatures
embracing those among them standing and seated.
Encompassing their standing and sitting
وكأنَّand as though قارِئَهُits reader بِيَوْمِon the day of عَرُوبَةٍFriday
وكأنَّ قارِئَهُ بِيَوْمِ عَرُوبَةٍ
لَكَfor you يُعْرِبُvoices التَّسْبِيحَglorification والتقْدِيساand sanctification
لَكَ يُعْرِبُ التَّسْبِيحَ والتقْدِيسا
It is as though the man who reads it on Friday
And it is as if its reader sees you one day
voices glorification and sanctification for you.
Arabizing the glorification and sanctification
ونَظمتَand you united شَملَthe scattered parts of المُلكِthe realm بالقَلَمِwith the pen الّذيwhich
ونَظمتَ شَملَ المُلكِ بالقَلَمِ الّذي
حَلَّيْتَyou adorned منهwith it للسُّطورِfor the lines طُروساwritten sheets
حَلَّيْتَ منه للسُّطورِ طُروسا
You united the realm with the pen
And you united the realm with the pen you adorned
with whose lines you adorned written sheets.
The lines with for official correspondence
وبِسَتْرِكَand through your covering العَوْراتِthe failings قدindeed كَشفَbared الوَرَىthe people
وبِسَتْرِكَ العَوْراتِ قد كَشفَ الوَرَى
لَكَfor you بالدُّعاءِwith prayers المُسْتَجابِanswered رُؤُوساheads
لَكَ بالدُّعاءِ المُسْتَجابِ رُؤُوسا
Because you covered their failings, the people have bared
And by covering faults the deluded ones revealed
their heads for you in prayers that find an answer.
To you in prayer responding heads
مِنْfrom كُلِّevery مَشْدُودِconstricted الخِناقِthroat بِكُرْبَةٍby distress
مِنْ كُلِّ مَشْدُودِ الخِناقِ بِكُرْبَةٍ
نَفَّسْتُI relieved عنهfrom him خِناقَهُhis constriction تَنْفِيساfully relieving
نَفَّسْتُ عنه خِناقَهُ تَنْفِيسا
From everyone whose throat was tightened by distress,
I sighed in relief for everyone choked by distress
I fully eased the choking grip upon him.
His strangling I relieved with release
أَطفَأتَyou extinguished نِيرانِthe fires of العَداوةِenmity بَعْدَماafter
أَطفَأتَ نِيرانِ العَداوةِ بَعْدَما
أوطَأتَyou made tread منهاfrom them المُوقِدِينthe kindlers وَطيساa blazing furnace
أوطَأتَ منها المُوقِدِين وَطيسا
You extinguished the fires of enmity, after
You extinguished the fires of enmity after
making their kindlers tread their blazing furnace.
You had trampled their igniters and rubble
وَأَرَحتَهُمand you relieved them مِنof فِتنَةٍstrife تَحييreviving لهُمfor them
وَأَرَحتَهُم مِن فِتنَةٍ تَحيي لهُم
فيin كُلِّevery يَوْمٍday داحِساًDahis وبَسُوساand Basus
في كُلِّ يَوْمٍ داحِساً وبَسُوسا
You relieved them of strife that revived for them
And gave them rest from the tribulation that revived for them
each day Dahis and Basus.
Every day a Dahis and Basus
هَلَكَتْperished جَدِيسُJadis وطَسْمُand Tasm حِينَwhen تعادَتاthe two became enemies
هَلَكَتْ جَدِيسُ وطَسْمُ حِينَ تعادَتا
وكأَنَّand as though طَسْماًTasm لَمdid not تكنexist وجَدِيساand Jadis
وكأَنَّ طَسْماً لَم تكن وجَدِيسا
Jadis and Tasm perished when they became enemies,
Jadis and Tasm perished when they opposed
as though neither Tasm nor Jadis had ever existed.
And it is as if Tasm did not exist and Jadis
ياO ابنَson of الذيthe one who يَلقَmeets الفَوارِسَthe horsemen باسماًsmiling
يا ابنَ الذي يَلقَ الفَوارِسَ باسماً
حاشاكَfar be it from you أنْto تَلْقَىmeet الضُّيوفَthe guests عَبُوساscowling
حاشاكَ أنْ تَلْقَى الضُّيوفَ عَبُوسا
O son of the man who meets horsemen smiling,
O son of one who meets cavaliers with a name
far be it from you to meet guests scowling.
Far be it from you to meet guests with frowning
سَعِدَتْwere happy بِكَthrough you الجُلساءُthe companions فاحذَرso beware بَعْضَهُمsome of them
سَعِدَتْ بِكَ الجُلساءُ فاحذَر بَعْضَهُم
فَلَرُبَّماfor perhaps أعْدَىinfected الجَليسُthe companion جَليساanother companion
فَلَرُبَّما أعْدَى الجَليسُ جَليسا
Your companions are happy through you, but beware of some:
The companions were fortunate through you so beware some of them
a companion may well infect another companion.
For perhaps the companion does injustice to a companion
بَخَسُواthey diminished ضيوفَthe guests of اللَّهِGod عِنْدَكَwith you حَظَّهُمtheir share
بَخَسُوا ضيوفَ اللَّهِ عِنْدَكَ حَظَّهُم
لاmay not كانَbe حَظُّكَyour share عندهمwith them مَبْخُوساdiminished
لا كانَ حَظُّكَ عندهم مَبْخُوسا
They diminished God's guests' share at your house;
They diminished the share of God’s guests with you
may your share with them never be diminished.
While your share with them was diminished
وأُعِيذُand I seek protection for مَجْدَكَyour glory أنْlest يكونَit be بِطائِفٍby a passing visitation
وأُعِيذُ مَجْدَكَ أنْ يكونَ بِطائِفٍ
مِنْfrom حاسِدٍa jealous man بِنَمِيمَةٍthrough slander مَمسوساtouched
مِنْ حاسِدٍ بِنَمِيمَةٍ مَمسوسا
I seek protection for your glory, lest a passing visitation
And I seek refuge for your glory from being in a group
from a jealous man touch it through slander.
Of enviers with insinuations from a demon
فاللَّهُfor God عَلَّمَtaught كلَّevery عِلمٍkind of knowledge آدَماًAdam
فاللَّهُ عَلَّمَ كلَّ عِلمٍ آدَماً
وأطاعَand obeyed آدَمُAdam ناسِياًforgetful إبلِيساIblis
وأطاعَ آدَمُ ناسِياً إبلِيسا
God taught Adam every kind of knowledge,
For God taught Adam every knowledge
yet Adam, forgetful, obeyed Iblis.
And Adam obeyed, neglecting Iblees
إنَّindeed المُرَاحِلَthe departing traveler مَنْthe one who أَضاعَsquandered أُجُورَهُhis rewards
إنَّ المُرَاحِلَ مَنْ أَضاعَ أُجُورَهُ
واعتاضَand took in exchange عنهاin their place بالنَّفيسِfor the precious خسيساsomething base
واعتاضَ عنها بالنَّفيسِ خسيسا
Truly, the departing traveler is one who squanders his rewards
Indeed, time wastes the rewards of one who loses them
and, for them, takes the base in exchange for the precious.
And is distracted from them by the precious miserable
فارغَبso seek إِلىtoward حُسْنِgood الثَّنَاءِpraise فإِنَّهfor indeed it
فارغَب إِلى حُسْنِ الثَّنَاءِ فإِنَّه
لاnot يستويare equal فيin الذِّكْرِremembrance نِعمَexcellent! وبِيساand wretched!
لا يستوي في الذِّكْرِ نِعمَ وبِيسا
So seek good praise, for
So turn to good praise, for they are not equal in mention
'Excellent' and 'wretched' are not alike in remembrance.
Good and miserable
ماnot أنتَyou مِمَّنamong those who تَستَبِيحُpermit صُدُورُهُمtheir breasts
ما أنتَ مِمَّن تَستَبِيحُ صُدُورُهُم
حِقْداًrancor ولاnor أعراضُهُمtheir honor تَدْنِيساdefilement
حِقْداً ولا أعراضُهُم تَدْنِيسا
You are not among those whose breasts permit
You are not one who takes liberties with their innards
rancor, nor whose honor permits defilement.
Out of hatred, nor one who dishonors their honour
أدعُوكَI call you لِلصَّفحِto forgiveness الجَميلِgracious فإنso if تُجِبyou respond
أدعُوكَ لِلصَّفحِ الجَميلِ فإن تُجِب
أحكَمتَyou strengthened بُنياناًan edifice عَلاrose high تَأسِيساin foundation
أحكَمتَ بُنياناً عَلا تَأسِيسا
I call you to gracious forgiveness; if you respond,
I call you to beautiful reconciliation, so if you respond
you will have strengthened an edifice lofty in its foundations.
You will establish a lofty building on a foundation
ومِنَand part of السياسةِstatesmanship أنْis to تكونَbe مُراعياًattentive
ومِنَ السياسةِ أنْ تكونَ مُراعياً
للصالِحينَto the righteous تَبَرُّهمyou treat them kindly وتَسوساand govern
للصالِحينَ تَبَرُّهم وتَسوسا
Part of statesmanship is to be attentive
And of politics is to watch over
to the righteous, treating them kindly and governing them.
The righteous, absolving and pardoning them
قَوْمٌa people إذاwhen انْتُدِبواthey were summoned لِيُوْمِfor a day of كَرِيهَةٍhardship
قَوْمٌ إذا انْتُدِبوا لِيُوْمِ كَرِيهَةٍ
ألْفَيْتَyou found واحِدَهُمْone of them يَرُدُّrepels خَمِيساan army
ألْفَيْتَ واحِدَهُمْ يَرُدُّ خَمِيسا
A people who, when summoned for a day of hardship,
A people, if appointed to an arduous day
you find one of them repelling an army.
You would find one of them turn back a fifth
تَاللَّهِby God ماnot خابَfailed امْرُؤٌa man مُتَوَسِّلٌseeking aid
تَاللَّهِ ما خابَ امْرُؤٌ مُتَوَسِّلٌ
بالقَوْمِthrough the people فِيin النُّعْمَىprosperity ولاnor فيin البُوسَىadversity
بالقَوْمِ فِي النُّعْمَى ولا في البُوسَى
By God, no man has failed who sought aid
By God, one who pleads for them in ease or hardship will not fail
through these people, in prosperity or adversity.
And do not leave my words about them doubtful and presumptive
ولقدand indeed أتَيْتُكَI came to you باليَقِينwith certainty فلاso do not تَخَلsuppose
ولقد أتَيْتُكَ باليَقِين فلا تَخَل
قَوْلِيmy words ظُنُوناًconjectures فيهمabout them وحُدُوساand guesses
قَوْلِي ظُنُوناً فيهم وحُدُوسا
I have indeed come to you with certainty, so do not regard
And I saw in them what I did not see in others
my words about them as conjectures and guesses.
And stayed amongst them a lifetime as a spy
وَرَأيتُand I saw منهمin them ماwhat رأيتُI saw لِغَيرِهمin others besides them
وَرَأيتُ منهم ما رأيتُ لِغَيرِهم
وأقَمْتُand I stayed دَهراًa long time بينهمamong them جاسوساas a spy
وأقَمْتُ دَهراً بينهم جاسوسا
And I saw in them what I saw in others,
One confused by their talk
and stayed a long time among them as a spy.
I removed from it the obscurity
مَنْwhoever كانَwas مُلْتَبِساًconfusing عليهto him حدِيثُهمtheir account
مَنْ كانَ مُلْتَبِساً عليه حدِيثُهم
أَذهبتُI removed عنهfrom him منهمُabout them التَّلبِيساthe confusion
أَذهبتُ عنه منهمُ التَّلبِيسا
Whoever found their account confusing,
The denials of the adversary did not harm them
I cleared away his confusion about them.
For they are, by their actions, the strongest in resolves
ماnot ضرَّهمharmed them قولthe words of المُعانِدِthe antagonist إنهمْindeed they
ما ضرَّهم قول المُعانِدِ إنهمْ
بِفِعَالِهِمthrough their deeds أقوىstrongest الأنامِof mankind نُفُوساin spirit
بِفِعَالِهِم أقوى الأنامِ نُفُوسا
The antagonist's words have not harmed them; indeed,
How much they were blamed in ignorance and their state denied
through their deeds they are the strongest of mankind in spirit.
By people who wear out judgment and teaching
كَمhow often ذَمَّهُمcondemned them جَهلاًignorantly وَأَنكَرَand disapproved حالَهُمtheir condition
كَم ذَمَّهُم جَهلاً وَأَنكَرَ حالَهُم
قَوْمٌpeople يَلُونَexercise الحُكْمَjudgment والتَّدرِيساand teaching
قَوْمٌ يَلُونَ الحُكْمَ والتَّدرِيسا
How often they were ignorantly condemned and their condition disapproved
So I rebutted their words, setting as an example
by people who exercise judgment and teaching.
Upon Al-Khidhr peace and Moses
فَرَدَدْتُso I refuted قَوْلَهُمtheir words بِقوْلِيwith my words ضارِباًciting
فَرَدَدْتُ قَوْلَهُم بِقوْلِي ضارِباً
مَثَلاًan example علىupon الخَضِرِal-Khidr السَّلامُpeace وموسىand Musa
مَثَلاً على الخَضِرِ السَّلامُ وموسى
I refuted their words with mine, citing
And upon Solomon the prophet for he
as examples al-Khidr—peace be upon him—and Musa,
Swayed his mount towards Bilqis
وعلىand upon سُلَيْمانَSulayman النبيِّthe prophet فإنَّهfor indeed he
وعلى سُلَيْمانَ النبيِّ فإنَّه
أغْرَىurged on رِحالَيْهِhis two saddles علىagainst بَلقِيساBilqis
أغْرَى رِحالَيْهِ على بَلقِيسا
and the prophet Sulayman, for he
And upon the young man of beauty whose assaults
urged his two riding saddles against Bilqis;
Passed by the enemies like a dangling hair
وَعلىand upon فَتَىthe young man of الحَسَنِHasan الذيwho سَطَوَاتُهُhis assaults
وَعلى فَتَى الحَسَنِ الذي سَطَوَاتُهُ
مَرَّتpassed علىover الأَعداءِthe enemies مَرَّthe sweep of المُوسىthe razor
مَرَّت على الأَعداءِ مَرَّ المُوسى
and Hasan's young man, whose assaults
O Lord of knowledge who saw my advice to him
swept over the enemies like a razor's sweep.
So he answered me, would Galen approve?
ياoh رُبَّmany a ذِيpossessor of عِلْمٍknowledge رَأىsaw نُصْحِيmy counsel لَهُfor him
يا رُبَّ ذِي عِلْمٍ رَأى نُصْحِي لَهُ
فأجابَنيso he answered me أتُطِبُّdo you doctor جالِينُوساGalen
فأجابَني أتُطِبُّ جالِينُوسا
Many a learned man who saw my counsel to him
He did not know that whenever I appealed to him
answered me, 'Would you doctor Galen?'
It was iron and I was a magnet
لَمْdid not يَدْرِknow أنّيthat I كلَّماwhenever اسْتَعطَفْتُهُI sought his favor
لَمْ يَدْرِ أنّي كلَّما اسْتَعطَفْتُهُ
كانَhe was الحَديدَiron وكنتُand I was مِغْناطِيساa magnet
كانَ الحَديدَ وكنتُ مِغْناطِيسا
He did not know that whenever I sought his favor,
If I were pleased with the ignorance like him
he was iron and I was a magnet.
I would have dictated what fills hearts with pit fire
لوif كُنتُI were أَرْضَىto accept الجاهليَّةignorance مِثْلَهُlike him
لو كُنتُ أَرْضَى الجاهليَّة مِثْلَهُ
أَمْلَيْتُI would dictate ماwhat مَلأَfilled القلوبَthe hearts نَسِيساwith hissing
أَمْلَيْتُ ما مَلأَ القلوبَ نَسِيسا
Had I accepted ignorance as he did,
And ignited the fire of enmity that cannot be put out
I would have dictated words that filled hearts with fire's hiss,
Rather, not even the enemy can stand its heat
وَنَفَخْتُand I would fan نارَa fire عَداوةٍof hostility لاnot تُصْطَلَىbe warmed by
وَنَفَخْتُ نارَ عَداوةٍ لا تُصْطَلَى
بَلْrather لاnot يُطِيقُcan bear لهاof it العَدُوُّthe enemy حَسيساa faint sound
بَلْ لا يُطِيقُ لها العَدُوُّ حَسيسا
and fanned a fire of hostility too hot to warm oneself by—
The fear of the Hereafter did not leave for me an adversary
indeed, the enemy could not bear even its faint sound.
To provoke from me someone prone to rage
لَمْdid not يُبْقِleave لِيfor me خَوْفُfear المَعادِof the Return مُعادِياًan enemy
لَمْ يُبْقِ لِي خَوْفُ المَعادِ مُعادِياً
فَيَهِيجَso he might stir مَنِّيwithin me لِلْهِياجِfor strife رَسِيساa buried spark
فَيَهِيجَ مَنِّي لِلْهِياجِ رَسِيسا
Fear of the Return has left me no enemy
Or do you not see the love of wellbeing making me
who might stir a buried spark of strife within me.
Cast peace, appeasing and wise
أوَand...? ماnot تَرَىyou see حُبَّlove السَّلامَةِof safety جاعِلِيmaking me
أوَ ما تَرَى حُبَّ السَّلامَةِ جاعِلِي
أُلْقِيI offer السَّلامَa greeting of peace مُسالِماًpeaceably والكِيساand the purse
أُلْقِي السَّلامَ مُسالِماً والكِيسا
Do you not see how love of safety makes me
Does it assign me the composition of amorous verse when it saw
offer a peaceful greeting—and my purse?
The fresh branch of youth turn dry and withered
أمُكَلِّفِيwould you task me with نَظْمَcomposing النَّسِيبِlove poetry وَقدalthough indeed رَأىhe saw
أمُكَلِّفِي نَظْمَ النَّسِيبِ وَقد رَأى
عُودَthe branch الشَّبابِof youth الرَّطْبmoist عادَbecame يَبِيساdry
عُودَ الشَّبابِ الرَّطْب عادَ يَبِيسا
Would you task me with love poetry, having seen
As for amorous verse, its words do not suit
the moist branch of youth turn dry?
An old shaykh bent over leaning on his stick
أمَّاas for النَّسِيبُlove poetry فماthen not يُناسِبُbefits قَوْلُهُits utterance
أمَّا النَّسِيبُ فما يُناسِبُ قَوْلُهُ
شَيْخاًan old man أَبَدَّbowlegged مُعَمَّراًlong-lived مَنْكُوساbrought low
شَيْخاً أَبَدَّ مُعَمَّراً مَنْكُوسا
As for love poetry, its utterance does not suit
No eager one seeking to dye his grey hairs
a bowlegged old man, long-lived and brought low.
Fearing the sin except the era of youth returned
ماnever هَمَّhe intended يَخْضِبُto dye شَيْبَهُhis gray hair مُتَشَوِّقاًyearning for
ما هَمَّ يَخْضِبُ شَيْبَهُ مُتَشَوِّقاً
زَمَنَthe time of الصِّباyouth إلّاexcept that اتَّقَىhe avoided التَّدْلِيساdeception
زَمَنَ الصِّبا إلّا اتَّقَى التَّدْلِيسا
Whenever he thought of dyeing his gray hair, yearning for
When he saw the era of youth leaving
the time of youth, he guarded against deception.
He took off the armor and put on the gown
لَمَّاwhen رَأىhe saw زَمَنَthe time of الشبيبَةِyouth مُدْبِراًretreating
لَمَّا رَأى زَمَنَ الشبيبَةِ مُدْبِراً
نَزَعَhe cast off السُّرَىnight travel وتَدَرَّعَand donned as armor التَعْرِيساthe nighttime halt
نَزَعَ السُّرَى وتَدَرَّعَ التَعْرِيسا
When he saw the time of youth retreating,
The loved ones and youth have passed leaving
he cast off night travel and donned the armor of a nighttime halt.
Me memories as a night companion and friend
مَضَتِdeparted الأحِبَّةُthe beloved ones والشَّبابُand youth وخَلَّفَاand the two left
مَضَتِ الأحِبَّةُ والشَّبابُ وخَلَّفَا
لِيَfor me الادِّكَارَremembrance مُسامِراًan evening companion وَأنِيساand an intimate friend
لِيَ الادِّكَارَ مُسامِراً وَأنِيسا
The beloved ones and youth departed, leaving
You reminded me of the days of spearing but I could not find
remembrance as my evening companion and intimate friend.
A lance to straighten or a mallet
أذْكَرْتَنِيyou reminded me of عَهْدَthe days of الطِّعانِspear-thrusting فَلَمso did not أجِدI find
أذْكَرْتَنِي عَهْدَ الطِّعانِ فَلَم أجِد
رُمْحاًa spear أَصُولُI charge بِهِwith it وَلاnor دَبُّوساa mace
رُمْحاً أَصُولُ بِهِ وَلا دَبُّوسا
You reminded me of the days of spear-thrusts, but I found no
The days of my resolve whose arrows do not
spear to charge with, nor any mace.
Miss a target and my wound does not heal
أيَّامَin the days of عَزْمِيmy resolve لاnot تَفُوتُmiss سهامُهُits arrows
أيَّامَ عَزْمِي لا تَفُوتُ سهامُهُ
غَرَضاًa target وسَهْمِيand my arrow جُرْحُهُits wound لاnot يُوسَىis healed
غَرَضاً وسَهْمِي جُرْحُهُ لا يُوسَى
In the days when my resolve's arrows never missed
The years bent the spikes of my ascent which
a target, and my arrow's wound could not be healed.
Did not find a second rider or a footman
ثَنَتِbent السُّنُونَthe years سِنانَthe point of صَعْدَتِيَmy tall spear الَّتيwhich
ثَنَتِ السُّنُونَ سِنانَ صَعْدَتِيَ الَّتي
لمdid not تَلْقَencounter رادِفَةًa rear saddle-bow ولاnor قَرْبُوساa pommel
لم تَلْقَ رادِفَةً ولا قَرْبُوسا
The years have bent the point of my tall spear, which
So the course of my war I do not want fixed
never met a saddle's rear bow or its pommel.
For spearing except it returns it to spearing
فَقَناةُso the spear-shaft of حَرْبِيmy battle لاnot أُرِدI desire تَقْوِيمَهاstraightening it
فَقَناةُ حَرْبِي لا أُرِد تَقْوِيمَها
لِلطَّعْنِfor thrusting إلّاexcept that رَدَّهاturned it back تَقْوِيساinto a curve
لِلطَّعْنِ إلّا رَدَّها تَقْوِيسا
Whenever I seek to straighten my war-spear
Yesterday it had the suns subjugated for it
for thrusting, its straightening only bends it back into a bow.
And today subjugation became its suns
بالأمْسِyesterday كانَwas لَهُfor him الشَّمُوسَthe unruly مُذَلَّلاًmade docile
بالأمْسِ كانَ لَهُ الشَّمُوسَ مُذَلَّلاً
واليَوْمَand today صارَbecame لهُfor him الذَّلولُthe docile شَمُوساunruly
واليَوْمَ صارَ لهُ الذَّلولُ شَمُوسا
Yesterday, the unruly was tamed for him;
It did not realize the harm of grey hair, its stars
today, the tame has grown unruly for him.
Leave the happy man from men miserable
لاmay not دَرَّflow دَرُّmilk الشَّيْبِof gray hair إنَّindeed نُجومَهُits stars
لا دَرَّ دَرُّ الشَّيْبِ إنَّ نُجومَهُ
تَذَرُleave السَّعِيدَthe fortunate مِنَamong الرِّجالِmen نَحيساill-starred
تَذَرُ السَّعِيدَ مِنَ الرِّجالِ نَحيسا
May no milk flow from gray hair! Its stars
How is the path to a gathering making
leave the fortunate among men ill-starred.
The home livable with an intimate inhabitant?
كيفَhow الطَّرِيقُthe way إلىto اجتماعٍa union جاعِلٍmaking
كيفَ الطَّرِيقُ إلى اجتماعٍ جاعِلٍ
بَيْتَthe room of الفِراشِthe bed بِساكِنٍwith an occupant مَأْنُوساcompanionable
بَيْتَ الفِراشِ بِساكِنٍ مَأْنُوسا
How can I reach a union that will make
If I had in my paternal uncle’s home a supporter
the bedchamber companionable with an occupant?
Who gathered the sincere and the wise
لوif كانَthere were ليfor me فيin بَيْتِthe house of خالِيmy maternal uncle نُصْرَةٌsupport
لو كانَ لي في بَيْتِ خالِي نُصْرَةٌ
جَمَعَتْit would unite نَقِيَّthe clear الخَدِّcheek والإِنكِيساand the impotent man
جَمَعَتْ نَقِيَّ الخَدِّ والإِنكِيسا
If I had support in my maternal uncle's house,
And advice I expressed so it leaned over
it would unite the clear-cheeked one with the impotent man.
Like the dawn its light dispelling the gloom
ونَصِيحَةٍand a counsel أَعرَبتُI made clear عنهاabout it فانثَنَتso it turned out
ونَصِيحَةٍ أَعرَبتُ عنها فانثَنَت
كالصُّبْحِlike dawn يَجْلُوdispels ضَوْءُهُits light التَّغْلِيساthe predawn darkness
كالصُّبْحِ يَجْلُو ضَوْءُهُ التَّغْلِيسا
And counsel I expressed plainly came to be
Verily the Christians of the city, their love
like dawn, whose light dispels the predawn darkness.
If its mosque were a church
إنَّindeed النَّصارَىthe Christians بالمَحَلَّةِin al-Mahalla وُدُّهُمْtheir wish
إنَّ النَّصارَى بالمَحَلَّةِ وُدُّهُمْ
لوif only كانَwere جَامِعُهاits congregational mosque يكونُto become كَنِيساa church
لو كانَ جَامِعُها يكونُ كَنِيسا
The Christians in al-Mahalla wish
Do you see the Christians judging
that its congregational mosque would become a church.
Whoever frequented prisons becomes a prisoner?
أتُرَىdo you suppose النصارَىthe Christians يَحْكُمُونَdecree بأنَّهthat indeed
أتُرَى النصارَى يَحْكُمُونَ بأنَّه
مَنْwhoever باشَرَadministered الأَحْباسَthe endowments صارَbecame حَبيساa prisoner
مَنْ باشَرَ الأَحْباسَ صارَ حَبيسا
Do you suppose the Christians decree that
If Isaac returned to it a second time
anyone who administers endowments becomes a prisoner?
They would strike its doors with the bells
إنif عادَreturned إسحقٌIshaq إليهاto them ثانياًa second time
إن عادَ إسحقٌ إليها ثانياً
ضَرَبُواthey would strike عَلَىat أبوابهاtheir doors الناقُوساthe church bell
ضَرَبُوا عَلَى أبوابها الناقُوسا
If Ishaq returns to them a second time,
God averted evil from you by averting it
they will ring the church bell at their doors.
So avert it from us and slap the priest
صَرَفَturned away الإلهُGod السُّوءَharm عنكَfrom you بِصَرفِهِby removing him
صَرَفَ الإلهُ السُّوءَ عنكَ بِصَرفِهِ
فاصْرِفهُso remove him عَنَّاfrom us واصفَعِand slap القِسِّيساthe priest
فاصْرِفهُ عَنَّا واصفَعِ القِسِّيسا
God turned harm away from you by removing him;
I ransom those employed with it, and I only
so remove him from us, and slap the priest.
Ransom with a goat like the Jews a ewe
أَفْدِيI ransom بهِwith him المُسْتَخْدَمِينَthe employees وإنَّماand only
أَفْدِي بهِ المُسْتَخْدَمِينَ وإنَّما
أَفْدِيI ransom بِتَيْسٍwith a goat كاليَهودِlike the Jews تُيُوساgoats
أَفْدِي بِتَيْسٍ كاليَهودِ تُيُوسا
I ransom the employees with him, but in truth
If I controlled their matter from my zeal
I only ransom goats with a goat, like the Jews.
I would not leave the employed with ammunition
لوif كنتُI were أَملِكُto control أَمرَهُمtheir affairs مِنْfrom غَيرَتِيmy jealous zeal
لو كنتُ أَملِكُ أَمرَهُم مِنْ غَيرَتِي
لَمْwould not أُبْقِI leave لِلمُستَخدَمِينَfor the employees ضُرُوساmolars
لَمْ أُبْقِ لِلمُستَخدَمِينَ ضُرُوسا
If I controlled their affairs, out of my jealous zeal
They graze the wealth of the subjects with harm
I would leave the employees no molars.
If they were milked they would resemble buffaloes
يَرْعَوْنَthey graze on أَمْوَالَthe wealth of الرَّعِيَّةِthe subjects بالأَذَىwith harm
يَرْعَوْنَ أَمْوَالَ الرَّعِيَّةِ بالأَذَى
لوif يُحْلَبُونَthey were milked لأَشْبَهُواthey would surely resemble الجامُوساwater buffalo
لو يُحْلَبُونَ لأَشْبَهُوا الجامُوسا
They graze on the subjects' wealth, doing harm;
God sent them upon His provisions
if they were milked, they would resemble water buffalo.
Locusts while they secured from it locusts
اللَّهُGod أرْسَلَهُمsent them عَلَىupon أَقوَاتِهِمtheir provisions
اللَّهُ أرْسَلَهُم عَلَى أَقوَاتِهِم
سُوساًas weevils وقدْalthough indeed أمِنُواthey felt safe عليهاregarding them السُّوساfrom weevils
سُوساً وقدْ أمِنُوا عليها السُّوسا
God sent them upon their provisions
It filled their homes with spoils so you do not see
as weevils, though they thought those safe from weevils.
Among it, like my home, empty and locked
مَلأَتْfilled بُيُوتَهُمُtheir houses الغِلالُthe grain harvests فلاso not تَرَىyou see
مَلأَتْ بُيُوتَهُمُ الغِلالُ فلا تَرَى
منهاof them كَبَيْتِيlike my house فارِغاًempty مَكْنُوساswept clean
منها كَبَيْتِي فارِغاً مَكْنُوسا
Grain has filled their houses, so you will see none
Whoever did not stand with me in my duties
of them empty and swept clean like my house.
I belled him with my blame, belittling
مَنwhoever لَمdoes not يَقُمprovide لِيfor me منهُمُamong them بِوَظيفَتِيwith my stipend
مَن لَم يَقُم لِي منهُمُ بِوَظيفَتِي
جَرَّسْتُهُI publicly disgraced him بِملامَتِيwith my reproach تَجْرِيساthoroughly disgracing
جَرَّسْتُهُ بِملامَتِي تَجْرِيسا
Whoever among them does not provide me with my stipend,
I warn some of them as if I am
I thoroughly disgrace him with my reproach.
Striking a drum in the ear of a horse, striking drums
إنّيindeed I لأنْذِرُsurely warn بَعْضَهمsome of them وكَأنَّنيand as though I
إنّي لأنْذِرُ بَعْضَهم وكَأنَّني
فيin أُذْنِthe ear of بَغْلِthe mule of الكُوسِthe kettledrum أَضْرِبُI beat كُوساa kettledrum
في أُذْنِ بَغْلِ الكُوسِ أَضْرِبُ كُوسا
I warn some of them, and it is as though I
I have a friend whose clothes the thieves stole
beat a kettledrum in the ear of the kettledrum mule.
At night so he spent the night locked in his home
لِيI have صاحِبٌa friend سَرَقَstole اللُّصُوصُthe thieves ثِيابَهُhis clothes
لِي صاحِبٌ سَرَقَ اللُّصُوصُ ثِيابَهُ
لَيْلاًat night فباتَso he spent the night بِبَيْتِهِin his house مَحْبُوساconfined
لَيْلاً فباتَ بِبَيْتِهِ مَحْبُوسا
I have a friend whose clothes the thieves stole
And he complained to the Minister of War about his stolen home
at night, leaving him confined in his house.
As if complaining to him about Francis
وشَكاand he complained of لِوَاليto the governor of الحَرْبِwar سارِقَthe thief of بَيْتِهِhis house
وشَكا لِوَالي الحَرْبِ سارِقَ بَيْتِهِ
فكأنَّماso as though يَشْكُوhe complains of لهto him افرَنسِيساAfransis
فكأنَّما يَشْكُو له افرَنسِيسا
He complained to the governor of war about his house's thief,
And as if he is a judge saying to his opponent
as though he were complaining to him about Afransis.
“This is your creditor, bankruptcy is proven against you”
وكأَنَّهand as though he قاضٍa judge يقولُsays لِخَصمِهِto his litigant
وكأَنَّه قاضٍ يقولُ لِخَصمِهِ
هذاthis غَرِيمُكَyour debtor أَثْبَتَproved التَّفْلِيساinsolvency
هذا غَرِيمُكَ أَثْبَتَ التَّفْلِيسا
As though he were a judge telling his litigant:
And the landlords plead against him
'This debtor of yours has proved his insolvency.'
And give him priority so he shows frowning
ويَحُجُّهُand argue against him أصحابُowners of رَيْعٍrevenues عِنْدَهُin his keeping
ويَحُجُّهُ أصحابُ رَيْعٍ عِنْدَهُ
ويُقَدِّمُوهُand they bring him forward فَيُظْهِرُso he displays التَّعْبيساa scowl
ويُقَدِّمُوهُ فَيُظْهِرُ التَّعْبيسا
Owners of revenues in his keeping argue against him,
And sometimes they request him with money they
and bring him forward, whereupon he puts on a scowl.
Stole so he became touching the tangible
وَلَرُبّماand perhaps التَمَسُوهُthey sought him out بالمالِwith the money الذيthat
وَلَرُبّما التَمَسُوهُ بالمالِ الذي
سَرَقُواthey stole فأصْبَحَso he became لامِساًtouching مَلْمُوساtouched
سَرَقُوا فأصْبَحَ لامِساً مَلْمُوسا
Perhaps they court him with the money that
They filled their homes with his money and had he complained
they stole, so he becomes one who touches and is touched.
They would have filled the children of the grieved with prisoners
مَلؤواthey filled البيوتَthe houses بِمالِهِwith his wealth ولوِand if اشْتَكَىhe complained
مَلؤوا البيوتَ بِمالِهِ ولوِ اشْتَكَى
مَلؤواthey filled بِأَوْلادِwith the children of الحَزِينِthe grieving man حُبُوساprisons
مَلؤوا بِأَوْلادِ الحَزِينِ حُبُوسا
They filled houses with his wealth; and if he complained,
How much I said when the governors heard their talk
they filled prisons with the grieving man's children.
Do you think power corrupts the cotton wick?
كَمْhow often قُلْتُI said إذْwhen سَمِعَheard الوُلاةُthe governors كلامَهُمtheir words
كَمْ قُلْتُ إذْ سَمِعَ الوُلاةُ كلامَهُم
أتُرَىdo you suppose الوِلايَةholding office تُفْسِدُcorrupts الكَيمُوساthe digestive chyme
أتُرَى الوِلايَة تُفْسِدُ الكَيمُوسا
How often I said, when the governors heard their words:
He flipped pennies to millions and how much of his knowledge
'Do you suppose holding office corrupts the chyme?'
Made the dinars the weights and the pennies millions
قَلَبَhe reversed العِيانَthe visible evidence لهُمْfor them وكَمْand how often فيwithin عِلْمِهِhis knowledge
قَلَبَ العِيانَ لهُمْ وكَمْ في عِلْمِهِ
جَعَلُواthey made الدَّنانِيرَthe dinars الثِّقَالَheavy فُلوساcopper coins
جَعَلُوا الدَّنانِيرَ الثِّقَالَ فُلوسا
He reversed the visible evidence for them; how often, to his knowledge,
So see whose money the thieves took
they turned heavy dinars into copper coins!
And with his mind meanings the thieves as prisoners
فانْظُرْso look لمَنْat the one whose ذَهَبَwent off اللُّصُوصُthe thieves بمالِهِwith his wealth
فانْظُرْ لمَنْ ذَهَبَ اللُّصُوصُ بمالِهِ
وَبِعَقْلِهِand by his intellect يَعْنُوsubmit اللُّصُوصُthe thieves حُبُوساas prisoners
وَبِعَقْلِهِ يَعْنُو اللُّصُوصُ حُبُوسا
Look, then, at the man whose wealth the thieves carried away,
They raised the foundations from the hems of his clothes
yet by whose wits the thieves submit as prisoners.
And uprooted the grammatical constructs and semantics
رَفَعُواthey lifted القواعِدَthe foundations مِنْfrom شِوارِthe trappings of ثِيابِهِhis clothes
رَفَعُوا القواعِدَ مِنْ شِوارِ ثِيابِهِ
واسْتَأصلواand they uprooted المَنْصُوبَwhat was set up والمَلْبُوساand what was worn
واسْتَأصلوا المَنْصُوبَ والمَلْبُوسا
They lifted the foundations from his clothing's trappings,
I had feared from fear of the thieves that
and uprooted everything set up and everything worn.
I would send you from the poem a bride
قدindeed كنتُI was مِنْfrom خَوْفِfear of اللُّصُوصِthe thieves أَخافُafraid أنْto
قد كنتُ مِنْ خَوْفِ اللُّصُوصِ أَخافُ أنْ
أُهْدِيpresent إليكَto you مِنَfrom القَرِيضِpoetry عَرُوساa bride
أُهْدِي إليكَ مِنَ القَرِيضِ عَرُوسا
For fear of thieves, I was afraid
You have not ceased to recount in elevation
to present you with a bride of poetry.
Your noble blessed forefathers
لاmay not زِلتَyou cease طولَthroughout الدَّهْرِall time تَحْكِيemulate فيin العُلاloftiness
لا زِلتَ طولَ الدَّهْرِ تَحْكِي في العُلا
آباءَكَyour forefathers الغُرَّillustrious الكِرامَgenerous الشُّوساfierce-eyed
آباءَكَ الغُرَّ الكِرامَ الشُّوسا
May you always emulate, in loftiness, throughout all time,
As long as an astrologer follows the stars
your illustrious, generous, fierce-eyed forefathers,
And informs about the Trinity and Divinity
ماas long as دامَcontinues يَتّبِعُfollows النُّجُومَthe stars مُنَجِّمٌan astrologer
ما دامَ يَتّبِعُ النُّجُومَ مُنَجِّمٌ
وَيُخَبِّرُand reports التَّثْلِيثَtrines والتَّسْدِيساand sextiles
وَيُخَبِّرُ التَّثْلِيثَ والتَّسْدِيسا
as long as an astrologer follows the stars
and reports their trines and sextiles.
Partial English translation: 174 of 176 Arabic lines translated.